TW202002766A - Harvest period elongation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention addresses the issue of extending the harvesting period and is capable of extending the harvesting period by using a simple operation. This method for extending the harvesting period applies nanobubble water to plants.

Description

How to extend the harvest period

The invention relates to a method for extending the harvest period.

With the increase in the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables in recent years, the use of vegetables for open field cultivation and greenhouse cultivation has become popular throughout the country. However, in a cultivated area, the harvest period is limited. Therefore, in addition to the improvement of high-quality varieties of harvested vegetables, efforts have also been made to stabilize the annual supply of consumers by extending the harvest period and improving the method of maintaining freshness.

From this point of view, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes "a vegetable cultivation method characterized by using vegetable cultivation soil containing 0.1% to 70% by volume rice husk fine powder. The fine shell powder is obtained by crushing the rice husk at 120°C to 600°C under a pressure of 100 kg/cm ² to 100 Ton/cm ² under heat and pressure.” ([Request 3]). [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-059460

[Problems to be solved by the invention] The inventors studied the cultivation method described in Patent Document 1, and as a result, it became clear that there are problems such as quality control of the produced rice husk fine powder and difficulty in managing the content of the rice husk fine powder contained in the soil.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of extending a harvest period that can be extended by a simple operation. [Means to solve the problem]

The inventor of the present invention has made intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, it has been found that by applying nano bubble water to plants, the harvest period can be extended, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the inventor found that the above-mentioned problems can be achieved by the following configuration.

[1] A method for extending the harvest period, in which nano bubble water is applied to plants. [2] The method for extending the harvest period according to [1], wherein at least one of sprinkling water using the nano bubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted with the nano bubble water is implemented. [3] The method for extending the harvest period according to [1] or [2], wherein the mode particle diameter of bubbles contained in the nano bubble water is 10 nm to 500 nm. [4] The method for extending the harvest period according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water include a group selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone At least one gas. [5] The method for extending the harvest period according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nano bubble water has bubbles of 1×10 ⁸ cells/mL to 1×10 ¹⁰ cells/mL. [6] The method for extending the harvest period according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the plant body is a fruit or vegetable. [7] The method for extending the harvest period according to [6], wherein the plant body is a Rosaceae plant or a Solanaceae plant. [8] The method for extending the harvest period according to [7], wherein the plant body is strawberry or tomato. [Effect of invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for extending the harvest period that can be achieved by simple operation.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The description of the constituent elements described below may be based on the representative embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments. In addition, in this specification, the numerical range shown using "-" means the range including the numerical value described before and after "-" as a lower limit and an upper limit.

The method of extending the harvest period of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as "the method of extending the present invention") is a method of extending the harvest period of applying nano bubble water to plants. Hereinafter, the nano bubble water used in the extension method of the present invention and optional components will be described in detail.

[Nano bubble water] The nano bubble water used in the extension method of the present invention is water containing bubbles less than 1 μm in diameter, and is water mixed with the bubbles. In addition, the "water mixed with the bubbles" refers to the water containing the bubbles inevitably contained in the water (for example, well water containing impurities) used in the generation of nano bubble water. except. Here, the diameter (particle size) of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water and the mode diameter and the number of bubbles described later are obtained by measuring the Brownian motion speed of the bubbles in the water using the nanoparticle tracking analysis method In this specification, the value measured by the Nanoparticle Series (NanoSight Series) (manufactured by NanoSight) is used in this specification. In addition, the Nano Particle Series (NanoSight Series) (made by NanoSight) can measure the speed of Brownian motion of particles, and calculate the diameter (particle Diameter), the mode diameter can be confirmed in the form of mode diameter based on the particle size distribution of the existing nanoparticles.

In the present invention, for the reason that the effect of extending the harvest period is further improved, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water is preferably 10 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 30 nm to 300 nm It is further preferably 70 nm to 130 nm.

The gas constituting the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, and from the viewpoint of remaining in water for a long time, a gas other than hydrogen is preferred, and specific examples include air, oxygen, and nitrogen. , Fluorine, carbon dioxide and ozone. Among these, for the reason that the effect of prolonging the harvest period is further improved, it is preferable to include at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone, in particular, the growth of the plant is good In addition, for the reason that bubbles can remain longer, it is more preferable to contain oxygen. Here, the inclusion of oxygen means that it is contained at a concentration higher than the concentration of oxygen in the air. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are also the same. Furthermore, the concentration of oxygen is preferably 30% by volume or more in the bubbles, and preferably 50% by volume or more and 100% by volume or less.

For the reason that the effect of extending the harvest period is further improved, the nano bubble water preferably has bubbles of 1×10 ⁸ pieces/mL to 1×10 ¹⁰ pieces/mL. In particular, regarding the generation time of bubbles and The reason for the good balance of the residual properties of bubbles is more preferably more than 1×10 ⁸ bubbles/mL and less than 1×10 ¹⁰ bubbles/mL, and more preferably 5×10 ⁸ bubbles/mL～ 5×10 ⁹ bubbles/mL.

Examples of the method for generating the nano bubble water include a static mixer method, a venturi method, a cavitation method, a vapor condensation method, an ultrasonic method, a swirling reflux method, a pressurized dissolution method, and fine pores Law etc. Here, the extension method of the present invention may also include a generating step of generating the nano bubble water before applying the nano bubble water. That is, the extension method of the present invention may be, for example, the following control method, including: a generating step of taking water from a water source such as a water storage tank, a well, or agricultural water to a nano-bubble generating device to generate nano-bubble water; and an application step , Apply the generated nano bubble water. In addition, as a method of taking in water from the water source to the nano-bubble generating device, for example, a method of supplying water drawn from the water source to the nano-bubble generating device using a bucket or a pump, etc.; and laying it on the water source The flow path between the nano-bubble generating device is connected to the nano-bubble generating device, and the method of feeding water directly from the flow path to the nano-bubble generating device, etc.

In addition, as the method of generating the nano bubble water, a method of generating a device that does not intentionally generate free radicals is preferable. Specifically, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-15715 [0080] is used. ] Paragraphs ~ [0100] The method described in the paragraph nano bubble generation device. Furthermore, the content is incorporated into this specification.

As other nano bubble generating devices that do not intentionally generate free radicals, for example, a fine bubble generating device including: a liquid ejecting machine that ejects water; a gas mixing machine that pressurizes the gas to make It is mixed into the water ejected from the liquid ejecting machine; and a fine bubble generator generates fine bubbles in the water by passing the water mixed with the gas inside, and is characterized in that the liquid ejecting machine and all Between the fine bubble generators, the gas mixing machine pressurizes the gas and mixes it into the liquid flowing to the fine bubble generator in a pressurized state. Specifically, a method of generating using the nano bubble generating device shown in FIG. 1 can be cited. Here, the nano bubble generating device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid ejecting machine 30, a gas mixing machine 40, and a nano bubble generating nozzle 50 inside. In addition, the liquid ejecting machine 30 includes a pump, and takes in raw water of nano bubble water (for example, well water) and ejects it. The gas mixing machine 40 has a container 41 in which compressed gas is enclosed and a substantially cylindrical gas mixing machine body 42, and while the water sprayed from the liquid ejecting machine 30 flows into the gas mixing machine body 42, the compressed gas in the container 41 The gas is introduced into the machine body 42. Thereby, water mixed with gas is generated in the gas mixing body 42. In addition, the nano-bubble generating nozzle 50 passes through the water mixed with gas and generates nano-bubbles in the water mixed with gas according to the principle of pressure dissolution. The structure of the nano bubble generating nozzle described in 2018-15715 is the same. The nano-bubble water generated in the nano-bubble generating nozzle 50 is discharged from the front end of the nano-bubble generating nozzle 50, flows out from the nano-bubble generating device 10, and passes through a flow path (not shown) to a predetermined Use place. In the nano bubble generating device 10 as described above, between the liquid ejecting machine 30 and the nano bubble generating nozzle 50, the gas mixing machine 40 mixes the compressed gas until it flows to the nano bubble generating nozzle 50 in a pressurized state. In water (raw water). With this, it is possible to avoid problems such as cavitation caused when gas is mixed into water on the suction side (suction side) of the liquid ejection machine 30. In addition, since the gas is mixed into the water in a pressurized (compressed) state, the gas can be mixed against the pressure of the water in the gas mixing part. Therefore, even if the negative pressure is not particularly generated at the gas mixing site, the gas can be mixed into the water appropriately. Furthermore, a flow path of water supplied from a water source such as a well or a water pipe is connected to the suction side of the liquid ejection machine 30, and in this flow path, the pressure of water flowing into the liquid ejection machine 30 from the upstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30 (That is, the water pressure on the suction side) may be a positive pressure. In this case, the above configuration becomes more meaningful. That is, when the water pressure (suction pressure) on the upstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30 is a positive pressure, the gas is mixed into the water on the downstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30, so the downstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30 may also be used The configuration of the nano-bubble generating device 10 in which gas is appropriately mixed into water becomes more prominent.

In addition, the water used for the production of the nano bubble water is not particularly limited, and for example, rainwater, tap water, well water, agricultural water, and distilled water can be used. Such water can also be subjected to other treatments before being supplied to the nano bubble water. Examples of other treatments include pH adjustment, precipitation, filtration, and sterilization (sterilization). Specifically, for example, when agricultural water is used, typically, agricultural water after at least one of precipitation and filtration can be used.

In the present invention, the application form of the nano-bubble water to plants differs according to the plant cultivation method, and therefore is not particularly limited. For example, in soil cultivation, the nano-bubble water is sprayed Form; in soil cultivation, the form of spraying the pesticide diluted with the nano bubble water; in nutrient solution cultivation (hydroponics, spray cultivation or solid medium cultivation) or nutrient solution soil cultivation (irrigation and fertilization cultivation) , The form of supplying the culture solution diluted with the nano-bubble water to the medium; and the form of spraying (irrigating) the nano-bubble water separately in the nutrient solution soil cultivation. Among these, for the reason that a longer operation can be achieved by a simpler operation, it is preferable to perform sprinkling using the nano bubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted with the nano bubble water The form of at least one of. In addition, the method of "sprinkling water" as one form of application is not particularly limited. When the cultivation method is soil cultivation, for example, a method of spraying water on the entire plant body, a part of the plant body (For example, stems or leaves, etc.) The method of spraying water and the method of spraying water on the soil planted with plants. In addition, when the cultivation method is nutrient liquid soil cultivation, as described above, it may be sprinkling using irrigation.

In addition, in the present invention, the application time of the nano bubble water to plants varies according to the application form and the type of plants, and therefore is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of soil cultivation of fruits and vegetables, it may be The entire period from sowing to harvest can also be applied only within a certain period (such as the sowing and seedling stage).

<Other ingredients> The nano bubble water may further contain other ingredients. Examples of the other components include pesticides, fertilizers, surfactants, antifreeze agents, defoamers, preservatives, antioxidants, and thickeners. The type and content of other components are not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the purpose. Among them, in the present invention, it is preferable that the nano bubble water does not substantially contain radicals as the other components. Furthermore, the "substantially free of radicals" does not mean that the water used in the production of the nano bubble water (such as well water containing impurities) inevitably contains free radicals, It refers to the case where free radicals generated by a certain operation are mixed.

[Plant body] In the present invention, the plant to which the nano bubble water is applied is not particularly as long as it is a plant that produces harvests (such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, etc.) harvested for human consumption, ornamental use, etc. limited. Examples of such plants include solanaceous plants (eg, eggplant, solanum, tomato (including small tomatoes), tree tomatoes, peppers, bell peppers, habanero peppers, green peppers, sweet peppers, and colored green peppers), and Araliaceae plants. (Eg clover, etc.), cucurbits (eg pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, spiny melon, Vietnamese melon, bitter gourd, winter melon, chayote, loofah, gourd, watermelon, cantaloupe, melon, etc.), mallow (eg autumn Kwai, etc.) and Rosaceae (such as strawberries, etc.) and other fruits and vegetables; Orange plants (such as oranges, etc.), Rosaceae plants (such as apples, peaches, plums, bayberry, pears, pears, pears, plums, apricots, cherries, raspberries, raspberries, blackberries, loquats, etc.), Musa plants ( Such as bananas, etc.), grapes (eg grapes, etc.), Elaeagnus (eg, Elaeagnus, etc.), Rhododendron (eg, blueberry, etc.), Morus (eg, mulberry and fig, etc.), persimmon Plants (such as persimmons, etc.), Mutongaceae (such as Mutong, etc.), Anacardiaceae (such as mango, etc.), Cinnamomum (eg, avocado, etc.), Rhamnaceae (eg, jujube, etc.), Chitose Vegetables (eg pomegranate, etc.), passionflowers (eg passion fruit, etc.), pineapples (eg pineapples, etc.), papayas (eg, papayas, etc.), Phyllanthaceae (eg kiwis, etc.) ), beech plants (such as chestnuts, etc.), vermilionaceous plants (such as mysterious fruits, etc.), myrtaceae plants (such as guava, etc.), wood sorrel plants (such as carambola, etc.), and acerolaceae ( Such as West Indian cherry, etc.) and other fruit trees.

Among these, for the reason that the usefulness of the control method of the present invention becomes higher, fruits and vegetables are preferred, Rosaceae or Solanaceae are more preferred, and strawberries or tomatoes are more preferred. [Example]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in detail with examples. As long as it does not deviate from the gist of the present invention, the materials, usage amounts, ratios, processing contents, processing order, etc. shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limitedly interpreted by the embodiments shown below.

[Experiment example 1] <Contents of the experiment> The experiment was conducted on a farm of strawberries (variety: yayoihime) cultivated in Shikawa City, Gunma Prefecture from September 2016 to April 2017, by the following Implementation. Test area I: Nano-bubble water generated by the following method was used for watering once a week in soil cultivation of an area (150 m ² ) containing 1200 strawberry plants. Test area II: The weekly watering in soil cultivation of an area (850 m ² ) containing 7300 strawberries uses agricultural water instead of nano bubble water. In addition, although the method, frequency and amount of watering were appropriately changed according to the conventional method and according to the growth conditions and weather of strawberries, etc., they were adjusted in the same way in both test areas.

<Method for generating nano bubble water> Nano bubble water is generated by using the nano bubble generation device [AQUA Solutions Division of KAKUICHI Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (now: AKA Solutions (AQUA Solutions) Co., Ltd.), 200 V, 40 L/min type] and generates bubbles (nano bubbles) in water by pressure dissolution. Furthermore, the water used for generating the nano bubble water uses agricultural water, and the gas constituting the bubble uses oxygen (industrial oxygen, concentration: 99.5% by volume). In addition, regarding the conditions for generating the nano bubbles using the nano bubble generating device, the analysis results obtained by the nano particle analysis system NanoSight LM10 (manufactured by NanoSight) Under the following conditions. The number of bubbles per 1 mL of water: 5×10 ⁸ /mL mode particle size of bubbles: 100 nm

<Evaluation of extended harvest period> In each test area, the state of the leaves was visually confirmed. The results are shown below. Test area I: As shown in FIG. 2A, at the time of April 2017, a large number of leaves were kept falling (lie down). Therefore, it can be known that the harvest is expected until about July 2017. Test area II: As shown in FIG. 2B, at the time of April 2017, a large number of leaves were upright, and the number of stolons also increased, so it can be known as the end of the harvest period.

[Test Example 2] <Contents of the test> The experiment was conducted in the agricultural greenhouses of tomatoes (variety: furutyika) cultivated in Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture from February to August 2017, with the following distinctions. Test area I: Water sprinkling for soil cultivation of tomatoes. Nano bubble water generated by the same method as in Test Example 1 was used. Test area II: In the soil cultivation of tomato, well water was used instead of nano bubble water. Each test area was divided by adjacent agricultural greenhouses, in which 6,500 tomato plants were cultivated. In addition, although the method, frequency, and amount of watering were appropriately changed according to the conventional method and according to the growth conditions and weather of tomatoes, they were adjusted in the same way in both test areas.

<Evaluation of extended harvest period> In each test area, visually confirm the state of the leaves and stems. The results are shown below. Test area I: As shown in FIG. 3A, at the time of June 2017, the color of the leaves was also dense and the attachment of flower buds was also good, so it can be known as the state in which further harvest is expected, in fact, it can be harvested until 2017 Until August. Test area II: As shown in FIG. 3B, at the time of June 2017, the color of the leaves was light and the attachment of flower buds was poor, so it can be known as the end of the harvest period.

10‧‧‧Nano bubble generating device 30‧‧‧Liquid ejection machine 40‧‧‧Gas mixing machine 41‧‧‧Container 42‧‧‧gas mixed into the machine body 50‧‧‧Nano bubble generating nozzle

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a nano bubble generating device. FIG. 2A is an image showing a farm in strawberry test area I. FIG. FIG. 2B is an image showing a farm in strawberry test area II. FIG. 3A is an image showing the inside of the agricultural greenhouse in the tomato test area I. FIG. FIG. 3B is an image showing the inside of the agricultural greenhouse of the tomato test area II.

10‧‧‧Nano bubble generating device

30‧‧‧Liquid ejection machine

40‧‧‧Gas mixing machine

41‧‧‧Container

42‧‧‧gas mixed into the machine body

50‧‧‧Nano bubble generating nozzle

Claims (8)

A method for extending the harvest period, in which nano bubble water is applied to the plant body. The method for extending the harvest period according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein at least one of sprinkling water using the nano bubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted with the nano bubble water is implemented. The method for extending the harvest period as described in item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water is 10 nm to 500 nm. The method for extending the harvest period as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water include a group selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone At least one gas. The method for extending the harvest period as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nano bubble water has bubbles of 1×10 ⁸ cells/mL to 1×10 ¹⁰ cells/mL. The method for extending the harvest period according to any one of claims 1 to 5 of the patent application, wherein the plant body is a fruit or vegetable. The method for extending the harvest period as described in item 6 of the patent application range, wherein the plant body is a Rosaceae plant or a Solanaceae plant. The method for extending the harvest period as described in item 7 of the patent application range, wherein the plant body is strawberry or tomato.

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