TW202002759A - Clubroot disease control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of suppressing clubroot that can achieve an excellent suppression effect with a simple operation. This clubroot suppression method involves applying nanobubble water to plant bodies.

Description

Methods for inhibiting nodule disease

The invention relates to a method for inhibiting nodule disease.

Rhizobium is one of the refractory soil diseases caused by Rhizobium (Plasmodiophora brassicae), and in the cultivation of cruciferous plants such as cabbage and cabbage, the harvest volume is greatly reduced, and it is an important disease that causes profound damage in the world. It is well known. As methods for inhibiting such nodule disease, for example, there are known: sowing crops (bait plants) defined as plants that reduce the bacterial density by promoting the germination of dormant spores in the soil; sowing resistant varieties; using lime nitrogen, etc. Calcareous materials or organic materials such as chitin and other disease-inhibiting materials; using chemically synthesized pesticides or biological pesticides such as microorganisms.

Specifically, Patent Document 1 describes "a method for preventing and controlling nodule disease, in which cyanoxazole is applied to cruciferous vegetables after sowing or planting in farmland." ([claim 1]). [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-158585

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present inventors conducted a study on a method of using known pesticides (fungicides) such as cyanotriazole (Cyazofamid) described in Patent Document 1, and as a result, it became clear that it is necessary to use soil treatment independently of the watering place for plants ( In particular, it is applied by soil infusion. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to manage the concentration of pesticides in the soil due to the influence of rainwater and the like.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing nodule disease that can achieve a high inhibitory effect by a simple operation. [Means to solve the problem]

The inventors made intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, they found that by applying nano bubble water to plants, a high inhibitory effect on rhizobia can be obtained, and the present invention was completed. That is, the inventor found that the above-mentioned problems can be achieved by the following configuration.

[1] A method for suppressing nodule disease, in which nano bubble water is applied to plants. [2] The method for suppressing nodule disease according to [1], wherein at least one of spraying using the nano bubble water and spraying the pesticide diluted with the nano bubble water is implemented. [3] The method for suppressing nodule disease as described in [1] or [2], wherein the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water is 10 nm to 500 nm. [4] The method for suppressing nodule disease according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water include a group selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone At least one gas. [5] The method for inhibiting nodule disease according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nano bubble water has bubbles of 1×10 ⁸ cells/mL to 1×10 ¹⁰ cells/mL. [6] The method for suppressing nodule disease according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the plant body is a leafy stem vegetable or a root vegetable. [7] The method for suppressing nodule disease according to [6], wherein the plant body is a cruciferous plant. [8] The method for suppressing nodule disease according to [7], wherein the plant body is Komatsu. [Effect of invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for suppressing nodule disease that can achieve a high inhibitory effect by a simple operation.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The description of the constituent elements described below may be based on representative embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments. In addition, in this specification, the numerical range shown using "-" means the range including the numerical value described before and after "-" as a lower limit and an upper limit.

The method of suppressing nodule disease of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as "inhibition method of the present invention") is a method of suppressing nodule disease by applying nano bubble water to a plant.

In the present invention, as described above, by applying nano bubble water to the plant body, a high inhibitory effect on nodule disease can be obtained. The above situation is not clear in detail, but the inventors speculate as follows. First, about rhizobia, it is known that they usually exist in the form of dormant spores that are durable bodies in the soil. If the roots of host plants (such as cruciferous plants, etc.) extend to the vicinity, they will germinate and become primary zoospores. , Thereby causing root hair infection (primary infection). It is known that, afterwards, zoosporangium is formed in the root hair, and then, the secondary zoospore released into the soil causes cortical infection (secondary infection), and multiplies in the root cells to cause nodule formation. Therefore, it is considered that, in the present invention, by applying nano-bubble water to plants, and by the cleaning or interfacial active action of nano-bubble water invading from the soil, the secondary secondary zoospores can be suppressed The infection, as a result, can inhibit the formation of nodules. Hereinafter, the nano bubble water and optional components used in the suppression method of the present invention will be described in detail.

[Nano bubble water] The nano bubble water used in the suppression method of the present invention is water containing bubbles having a diameter of less than 1 μm, and is water mixed with the bubbles. In addition, the "water mixed with the bubbles" refers to the water containing the bubbles inevitably contained in the water (for example, well water containing impurities) used in the generation of nano bubble water. except. Here, the diameter (particle size) of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water and the mode diameter and the number of bubbles described later are obtained by measuring the Brownian motion speed of the bubbles in the water using the nanoparticle tracking analysis method In this specification, the value measured by the Nanoparticle Series (NanoSight Series) (manufactured by NanoSight) is used in this specification. In addition, the Nano Particle Series (NanoSight Series) (made by NanoSight) can measure the speed of Brownian motion of particles, and calculate the diameter (particle Diameter), the mode diameter can be confirmed in the form of mode diameter based on the particle size distribution of the existing nanoparticles.

In the present invention, for the reason that the suppression effect of the nodule disease is further improved, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water is preferably 10 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 30 nm to 300 nm It is further preferably 70 nm to 130 nm.

The gas constituting the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, and from the viewpoint of remaining in water for a long time, a gas other than hydrogen is preferred, and specific examples include air, oxygen, and nitrogen. , Fluorine, carbon dioxide and ozone. Among these, for the reason that the suppression effect of the nodule disease is further improved, it is preferable to include at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone, and particularly, the growth of the plant body is good In addition, for the reason that bubbles can remain longer, it is more preferable to contain oxygen. Here, the inclusion of oxygen means that it is contained at a concentration higher than the concentration of oxygen in the air. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are also the same. Furthermore, the concentration of oxygen is preferably 30% by volume or more in the bubbles, and preferably more than 50% by volume and 100% by volume or less.

For the reason that the suppression effect of the nodule disease is further improved, the nano bubble water preferably has bubbles of 1×10 ⁸ pieces/mL to 1×10 ¹⁰ pieces/mL. In particular, regarding the generation time of bubbles and The reason for the good balance of the residual properties of bubbles is more preferably more than 1×10 ⁸ bubbles/mL and less than 1×10 ¹⁰ bubbles/mL, and more preferably 5×10 ⁸ bubbles/mL～ 5×10 ⁹ bubbles/mL.

Examples of the method for generating the nano bubble water include a static mixer method, a Venturi method, a cavitation method, a vapor condensation method, an ultrasonic method, a swirling reflux method, and a pressurized dissolution method And micropore method. Here, the suppression method of the present invention may also include a generation step of generating the nano bubble water before applying the nano bubble water. That is, the suppression method of the present invention may be, for example, the following control method, which includes: a generating step of taking water from a water source such as a water storage tank, a well, or agricultural water to a nano bubble generating device to generate nano bubble water; and an applying step , Apply the generated nano bubble water. In addition, as a method of taking in water from the water source to the nano-bubble generating device, for example, a method of supplying water drawn from the water source to the nano-bubble generating device using a bucket or a pump, etc.; and laying it on the water source The flow path between the nano-bubble generating device is connected to the nano-bubble generating device, and the method of feeding water directly from the flow path to the nano-bubble generating device, etc.

In addition, as the method of generating the nano bubble water, a method of generating a device that does not intentionally generate free radicals is preferable. Specifically, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-15715 [0080] is used. ] Paragraphs ~ [0100] The method described in the paragraph nano bubble generation device. Furthermore, the content is incorporated into this specification.

As other nano bubble generating devices that do not intentionally generate free radicals, for example, a fine bubble generating device including: a liquid ejecting machine that ejects water; a gas mixing machine that pressurizes the gas to make It is mixed into the water ejected from the liquid ejecting machine; and a fine bubble generator generates fine bubbles in the water by passing the water mixed with the gas inside, and is characterized in that the liquid ejecting machine and all Between the fine bubble generators, the gas mixing machine pressurizes the gas and mixes it into the liquid flowing to the fine bubble generator in a pressurized state. Specifically, a method of generating using the nano bubble generating device shown in FIG. 1 can be cited. Here, the nano bubble generating device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid ejecting machine 30, a gas mixing machine 40, and a nano bubble generating nozzle 50 inside. In addition, the liquid ejecting machine 30 includes a pump, and takes in raw water of nano bubble water (for example, well water) and ejects it. The gas mixing machine 40 has a container 41 in which compressed gas is enclosed and a substantially cylindrical gas mixing machine body 42, and while the water sprayed from the liquid ejecting machine 30 flows into the gas mixing machine body 42, the compressed gas in the container 41 The gas is introduced into the machine body 42. Thereby, water mixed with gas is generated in the gas mixing body 42. In addition, the nano-bubble generating nozzle 50 passes through the water mixed with gas and generates nano-bubbles in the water mixed with gas according to the principle of pressure dissolution. The structure of the nano bubble generating nozzle described in 2018-15715 is the same. The nano-bubble water generated in the nano-bubble generating nozzle 50 is discharged from the front end of the nano-bubble generating nozzle 50, flows out from the nano-bubble generating device 10, and passes through a flow path (not shown) to a predetermined Use place. As described above, in the nano bubble generating device 10, between the liquid ejecting machine 30 and the nano bubble generating nozzle 50, the gas mixing machine 40 mixes the compressed gas until it flows to the nano bubble generating nozzle 50 in a pressurized state. In water (raw water). With this, it is possible to avoid problems such as cavitation caused when gas is mixed into water on the suction side (suction side) of the liquid ejection machine 30. In addition, since the gas is mixed into the water in a pressurized (compressed) state, the gas can be mixed against the pressure of the water in the gas mixing part. Therefore, even if the negative pressure is not particularly generated at the gas mixing site, the gas can be mixed into the water appropriately. Furthermore, a flow path of water supplied from a water source such as a well or a water pipe is connected to the suction side of the liquid ejection machine 30, and in this flow path, the pressure of water flowing into the liquid ejection machine 30 from the upstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30 (That is, the water pressure on the suction side) may be a positive pressure. In this case, the above configuration becomes more meaningful. That is, when the water pressure (suction pressure) on the upstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30 is a positive pressure, the gas is mixed into the water on the downstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30, so the downstream side of the liquid ejection machine 30 may also be used The configuration of the nano-bubble generating device 10 in which gas is appropriately mixed into water becomes more prominent.

In addition, the water used for the production of the nano bubble water is not particularly limited, and for example, rainwater, tap water, well water, agricultural water, and distilled water can be used. Such water can also be subjected to other treatments before being supplied to the nano bubble water. Examples of other treatments include pH adjustment, precipitation, filtration, and sterilization (sterilization). Specifically, for example, when agricultural water is used, typically, agricultural water after at least one of precipitation and filtration can be used.

In the present invention, the application form of the nano-bubble water to plants differs according to the plant cultivation method, and therefore is not particularly limited. For example, in soil cultivation, the nano-bubble water is sprayed Form; in soil cultivation, the form of spraying the pesticide diluted with the nano bubble water; in nutrient solution cultivation (hydroponics, spray cultivation or solid medium cultivation) or nutrient solution soil cultivation (irrigation and fertilization cultivation) , The form of supplying the culture solution diluted with the nano-bubble water to the medium; and the form of spraying (irrigating) the nano-bubble water separately in the nutrient solution soil cultivation. Among these, for the reason that a higher suppression effect can be achieved by a simpler operation, it is preferable to perform spraying using the nano bubble water and spraying the pesticide diluted with the nano bubble water The form of at least one of. In addition, the method of "sprinkling water" as one form of application is not particularly limited. When the cultivation method is soil cultivation, for example, a method of spraying water on the entire plant body, a part of the plant body (For example, stems or leaves, etc.) The method of spraying water and the method of spraying water on the soil planted with plants. In addition, when the cultivation method is nutrient liquid soil cultivation, as described above, it may be sprinkling using irrigation.

In addition, in the present invention, the application time of the nano bubble water to plants varies according to the application form and the type of plants, and therefore is not particularly limited. For example, in soil cultivation, leafy stem vegetables or root vegetables In this case, it may be the entire period from sowing to harvest, or it may be applied only within a certain period (for example, sowing and seedling stage).

<Pesticide> As the pesticide diluted with the nano bubble water, a previously known agent (insecticide) used in the method of suppressing nodule can be used. Specific examples of such agents include flusulfamide agents, fluazinam agents, inosazole bromide (amisulbrom) agents, and cyanoxazole agents.

In the present invention, from the viewpoint of safety to humans and plants, the amount of pesticide used is preferably 0.00001 parts by mass to 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the nano bubble water. It is 0.00005 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass.

<Other ingredients> In addition to the arbitrary pesticide, the nano bubble water may further contain other components. Examples of the other components include fertilizers, surfactants, freezing inhibitors, defoamers, preservatives, antioxidants, and thickeners. The type and content of other components are not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the purpose. Among them, in the present invention, it is preferable that the nano bubble water does not substantially contain radicals as the other components. Furthermore, the "substantially free of radicals" does not mean that the water used in the production of the nano bubble water (such as well water containing impurities) inevitably contains free radicals, It refers to the case where free radicals generated by a certain operation are mixed.

[Plant body] In the present invention, the plant to which the nano-bubble water is applied is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits symptoms of rhizobia. Examples of such plants include: cabbage, onion, spring onion, cabbage, spinach, lettuce, broccoli, small pine vegetable, leek, asparagus, celery, garland chrysanthemum, cauliflower, garlic, and scallions; Radish, carrot, burdock, turnip and lotus root and other root vegetables.

Among these, for the reason that the usefulness of the suppression method of the present invention becomes higher, leafy stem vegetables or root vegetables are preferred, and among them, cruciferous plants (eg, cabbage, cabbage, radish, and small pine vegetable) are more preferred Etc.), which is better for Komatsu. [Example]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in detail with examples. As long as it does not deviate from the gist of the present invention, the materials, usage amounts, ratios, processing contents, processing order, etc. shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limitedly interpreted by the embodiments shown below.

<Contents of the test> The test was conducted on Komatsu grown in Minami-alps, Yamanashi Prefecture. Specifically, small pine vegetables (variety: minami) were cultivated in the following test area I and test area II from March to May 2017 and harvested in May 2017. Test area I: In the soil cultivation of an area (80 m ² ) containing 8000 small pines, nano bubble water generated by the following method was used for sprinkling the soil (near the roots). Test area II: In the soil cultivation of an area (80 m ² ) containing 8,000 small pines, agricultural water was used for watering of the soil (near the roots) instead of nano bubble water. In addition, although the method, frequency and amount of watering were appropriately changed according to the conventional method and according to the growth conditions and weather of Komatsu, they were adjusted in the same way in both test areas.

<Method for generating nano bubble water> Nano bubble water is generated by the following method: using the nano bubble generation device [AQUA Solutions Division of KAKUICHI Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (now: Manufactured by AQUA Solutions (AQUA Solutions) Co., Ltd., 200 V, 10 L/min type] and generates bubbles (nano bubbles) in water by pressure dissolution. In addition, well water is used for generating nano-bubble water, and oxygen is used for the gas constituting the bubble (industrial oxygen, concentration: 99.5% by volume). In addition, regarding the conditions for generating the nano bubbles using the nano bubble generating device, the analysis results obtained by the nano particle analysis system NanoSight LM10 (manufactured by NanoSight) Under the following conditions. ˙ number of bubbles per 1 mL of water: 5 × 10 ⁸ cells / mL ˙ mode particle size of the bubble: 100 nm

<Evaluation of inhibition of root nodule disease> In each test area, after harvesting, the arbitrarily selected five plants were used as the object, and the presence and size of root nodules were visually confirmed. The results are shown below. Test area I: The symptoms of rhizobia were observed in any plant, but as shown in Figure 2, the size of the root nodule was smaller than in test area II, and as shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that: Are fully grown. Test area II: Symptoms of nodule disease were observed in any of the plants, as shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the number of fully grown plants was small immediately before harvest, and a large number of small pine vegetables fell in the middle of growth due to nodule disease under.

10‧‧‧Nano bubble generating device 30‧‧‧Liquid ejection machine 40‧‧‧Gas mixing machine 41‧‧‧Container 42‧‧‧gas mixed into the machine body 50‧‧‧Nano bubble generating nozzle

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a nano bubble generating device. FIG. 2 is an image showing the state of the roots of Komatsu grown in the test area I (two on the left) and the state of the roots of Komatsu grown in the test area II (two on the right). FIG. 3 is an image showing Komatsu’s farmland in the test area I. FIG. FIG. 4 is an image showing Komatsu’s farmland in the test area II.

10‧‧‧Nano bubble generating device

30‧‧‧Liquid ejection machine

40‧‧‧Gas mixing machine

41‧‧‧Container

42‧‧‧gas mixed into the machine body

50‧‧‧Nano bubble generating nozzle

Claims (8)

A method for inhibiting nodule disease in which nano bubble water is applied to plants. The method for suppressing nodule disease according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein at least one of spraying using the nano bubble water and spraying the pesticide diluted with the nano bubble water is implemented. The method for suppressing nodule disease as described in item 1 or 2 of the patent application, wherein the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water is 10 nm to 500 nm. The method for inhibiting nodule disease according to any one of the first to third patent claims, wherein the bubbles contained in the nano bubble water include a group selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone At least one gas. The method for inhibiting nodule disease according to any one of the first to fourth patent application ranges, wherein the nano bubble water has bubbles of 1×10 ⁸ cells/mL to 1×10 ¹⁰ cells/mL. The method for suppressing nodule disease as described in any one of the first to fifth patent claims, wherein the plant body is leafy stem vegetables or root vegetables. The method for inhibiting nodule disease as described in item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the plant body is a cruciferous plant. The method for suppressing nodule disease as described in item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the plant body is Komatsu.

Images