WO2019230766A1

WO2019230766A1 - Tomato fruit shape control method

Info

Publication number: WO2019230766A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/021230
Authority: WO
Inventors: 佐藤　貴志
Original assignee: 株式会社アクアソリューション
Priority date: 2018-05-30
Filing date: 2019-05-29
Publication date: 2019-12-05
Also published as: JPWO2019230766A1; TW202002767A

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a tomato fruit shape control method that makes it possible to achieve high-level shape control. A tomato fruit shape control method in which nano-bubble water is applied to a tomato that bears tomato fruit.

Description

Tomato fruit shape control method

The present invention relates to a shape control method for tomato fruit.

In recent years, as the demand for tomatoes increases, it has become possible to cultivate tomatoes throughout the year in a cultivation house using sunlight with the progress of cultivation facilities.
Further, as a cultivation method in the cultivation house, a low-stage dense planting method, which is expected to increase the harvest amount, is attracting attention.
This low-stage dense planting method is a method of growing tomatoes by concentrating strains (for example, about 15 cm between the strains) and harvesting about 3 to 5 harvest stages, and can increase the cultivation density, and Since the number of harvests per year can be increased, the yield is expected to improve.

However, in this low-stage dense planting method, the leaves of adjacent strains overlap each other, and the amount of light necessary for photosynthesis is insufficient. There is a problem that growth disorders such as phenomena occur frequently. In particular, when the hollowing phenomenon occurs, there is a problem that the shape of the fruit becomes uneven.

For such a problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses that “a method of densely planting tomatoes using a long cultivation bed and cultivating them, in which the tufts are cultivated with respect to the main stem. In the state where the main stem of the seedling is positioned so as to be located in the longitudinal direction of the bed and the tuft is located in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed, leaves located on the opposite side of the tuft across the main stem "A method for low-density planting of tomatoes characterized in that it is removed" ([Claim 1]).

Japanese Patent No. 6132451

When this inventor examined the conventionally well-known cultivation method of tomatoes, such as the cultivation method described in patent document 1, any cultivation is carried out about control (for example, equalization, quality improvement, etc.) of a tomato fruit. It was clarified that there is room for improvement in the method.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a tomato fruit shape control method capable of controlling the shape at a high level.

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that the shape of the tomato fruit can be controlled by applying nanobubble water to the tomato produced by the tomato fruit, and the present invention has been completed. I let you.
That is, the present inventor has found that the above problem can be achieved by the following configuration.

[1] A method for controlling the shape of tomato fruit, wherein nanobubble water is applied to the tomato produced by the tomato fruit.
[2] The shape control method for tomato fruit according to [1], wherein at least one of watering using the nanobubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted with the nanobubble water to the medium is performed.
[3] The shape control method for tomato fruit according to [1] or [2], wherein the mode particle diameter of bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is 10 to 500 nm.
[4] The tomato fruit according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ozone. Shape control method.
[5] The tomato fruit shape control method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nanobubble water has bubbles of 1 × 10 ⁸ to 1 × 10 ¹⁰ cells / mL.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a tomato fruit shape control method capable of controlling the shape at a high level.

It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a nano bubble production | generation apparatus. It is an image showing the sample of the tomato fruit of a special A product. It is an image showing the sample of A tomato fruit. It is an image showing the sample (oval type) of the tomato fruit of B goods. It is an image showing the sample of B tomato fruit (maple bun type). It is an image showing the sample (pointer type) of the tomato fruit of B goods. It is an image showing the sample (chuck type) of the tomato fruit of C goods.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The description of the constituent elements described below may be made based on typical embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
In the present specification, a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.

The tomato fruit shape control method of the present invention (hereinafter also abbreviated as “the shape control method of the present invention”) is a tomato fruit shape control method in which nanobubble water is applied to tomatoes produced by tomato fruits.
In the present specification, “tomato” refers to a tomato as a plant belonging to fruit and vegetables, and “tomato fruit” refers to a fruit that grows on the tomato.
Below, the nanobubble water and arbitrary component which are used with the shape control method of this invention are explained in full detail.

[Nano bubble water]
The nanobubble water used in the shape control method of the present invention is water containing bubbles having a diameter of less than 1 μm, and is water in which the bubbles are mixed. The “water mixed with bubbles” is intended to exclude water containing the bubbles inevitably included due to water used for the generation of nanobubble water (for example, well water containing impurities). It is.
Here, the diameter (particle diameter) of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles and the number of bubbles, which will be described later, are determined using the nanoparticle tracking analysis method based on the Brownian movement speed of the bubbles in water. In this specification, the value measured by the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite Series (manufactured by NanoSight) is adopted.
In the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite Series (manufactured by NanoSight), the diameter (particle diameter) can be calculated from the speed of the Brownian motion of the particle, and the mode particle diameter exists. The mode diameter can be confirmed from the particle size distribution of the nanoparticles.

In the present invention, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 30 to 300 nm, because the shape of the tomato fruit can be more controlled (particularly uniform). Is more preferably 70 to 130 nm.

The gas constituting the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, but a gas other than hydrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of remaining in water for a long time, and specifically, for example, air, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, carbon dioxide And ozone.
Among these, it is preferable to contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and ozone, because the control (particularly homogenization) of the shape of tomato fruit can be achieved. It is more preferable to contain oxygen because the growth of the body becomes good and the bubbles can remain for a longer time.
Here, including oxygen means containing at a concentration higher than the oxygen concentration in the air. The same applies to nitrogen and carbon dioxide. In addition, about the density | concentration of oxygen, it is preferable that it is 30 volume% or more in a bubble, and it is preferable that it is more than 50 volume% and 100 volume% or less.

The nano-bubble water preferably has 1 × 10 ⁸ to 1 × 10 ¹⁰ bubbles / mL of bubbles for the purpose of more control of the shape of the tomato fruit (particularly uniformization). reasons survivability balance of time and bubbles are good, 1 × 10 more than ⁸ / mL, and more preferably has less bubbles than 1 × ^{10 10} cells / mL, 5 × ¹⁰ 8 ~ More preferably, it has 5 × 10 ⁹ bubbles / mL.

Examples of the method for producing nanobubble water include a static mixer method, a venturi method, a cavitation method, a vapor agglomeration method, an ultrasonic method, a swirling flow method, a pressure dissolution method, and a micropore method.
Here, the shape control method of the present invention may have a generation step of generating the nanobubble water before applying the nanobubble water. That is, the shape control method of the present invention includes, for example, a generation step of taking water from a water source such as a water storage tank, a well, or agricultural water into a nanobubble generation device to generate nanobubble water, and an application step of applying the generated nanobubble water. It may be a control method having In addition, as a method of taking water from the water source into the nano bubble generating device, for example, a method of supplying water pumped up from the water source using a dredger or a pump to the nano bubble generating device, and between the water source and the nano bubble generating device For example, a method may be used in which the laid channel is connected to a nanobubble generator and water is directly sent from the channel to the nanobubble generator.

Further, as the method for producing the nanobubble water, a production method using an apparatus that does not intentionally generate radicals is preferable. [0100] and a method of generating using the nanobubble generating device described in the paragraph. The above contents are incorporated herein.

Examples of other nanobubble generation devices that do not intentionally generate radicals include, for example, a liquid discharger that discharges water and a gas mixing device that pressurizes and mixes gas into water discharged from the liquid discharger. And a fine bubble generator for generating fine bubbles in water by passing water mixed with gas inside, wherein the gas mixer includes the liquid ejector and the liquid dispenser. There is a fine bubble generating device characterized in that gas is pressurized and mixed in the liquid flowing toward the fine bubble generator in a pressurized state between the fine bubble generators. Specifically, a method of generating using the nanobubble generating device shown in FIG.
Here, the nanobubble generating device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid discharger 30, a gas mixing device 40, and a nanobubble generating nozzle 50 therein.
Moreover, the liquid discharger 30 is comprised with a pump, takes in raw water (for example, well water) of nano bubble water, and discharges it. The gas mixing device 40 includes a container 41 in which compressed gas is sealed and a substantially cylindrical gas mixing device main body 42. While flowing water discharged from the liquid discharge device 30 into the gas mixing device main body 42, The compressed gas in the container 41 is introduced into the gas mixing machine main body 42. As a result, gas-containing water is generated in the gas-mixing machine main body 42.
Further, the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 generates nanobubbles in the gas-containing water according to the principle of pressure dissolution by passing the gas-containing water through the inside, and the structure thereof is disclosed in JP-A-2018-15715. The same structure as the nanobubble generating nozzle described in 1) can be adopted. The nanobubble water generated in the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 is ejected from the tip of the nanobubble generating nozzle 50, then flows out from the nanobubble generating device 10, and is sent toward a predetermined usage destination through a flow path (not shown).
As described above, in the nanobubble generating device 10, the gas mixing device 40 is compressed into water (raw water) flowing toward the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 in a pressurized state between the liquid discharger 30 and the nanobubble generating nozzle 50. Mix gas. Thereby, it is possible to avoid problems such as cavitation that occur when gas is mixed into water on the suction side (suction side) of the liquid discharger 30. Further, since the gas is mixed in the water in a pressurized (compressed) state, the gas can be mixed against the pressure of the water at the gas mixing location. For this reason, it becomes possible to mix gas into water appropriately, without generating a negative pressure especially in a gas mixing location.
Further, a flow path of water supplied from a water source such as a well or a water supply is connected to the suction side of the liquid discharger 30 and flows into the liquid discharger 30 from the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 in the flow path. The water pressure (that is, the water pressure on the suction side) may be positive. In this case, the above configuration becomes more meaningful. That is, when the water pressure (suction pressure) on the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 is a positive pressure, the gas is mixed into the water on the downstream side of the liquid discharger 30. However, the configuration of the nanobubble generating apparatus 10 that can appropriately mix the gas into water becomes more prominent.

Moreover, the water used for the production | generation of the said nano bubble water is not specifically limited, For example, rain water, tap water, well water, agricultural water, distilled water, etc. can be used.
Such water may have been subjected to other treatments before being used for generation of nanobubble water. Examples of other treatments include pH adjustment, precipitation, filtration, and sterilization (sterilization). Specifically, for example, when agricultural water is used, typically, agricultural water after at least one of precipitation and filtration may be used.

In the present invention, the mode of applying the nanobubble water to the tomatoes where tomato fruit grows is not particularly limited because it differs depending on the tomato cultivation method. For example, the mode of sprinkling the nanobubble water in soil cultivation, soil In an aspect of spraying the agricultural chemical diluted with the nano-bubble water in the cultivation, diluted with the nano-bubble water in the hydroponics (hydroponic, spray plowing or solid medium plowing) or the hydroponic cultivation (simultaneous irrigation cultivation) The aspect which supplies a culture solution to a culture medium, the aspect which waters (irrigates) the said nano bubble water independently in hydroponics soil cultivation, etc. are mentioned.
Among these, for the reason that control of the shape of tomato fruit (particularly homogenization) can be achieved by a simple operation, at least of watering using the nanobubble water and supply of the culture solution diluted using the nanobubble water, One embodiment is preferred.
In addition, the method of "watering" which is one mode of application is not particularly limited. When the cultivation method is soil cultivation, for example, a method of spraying water over the entire plant body, a part of the plant body ( For example, a method of spraying water on stems or leaves) and a method of spraying water on soil in which plants are planted. Moreover, when the cultivation method is hydroponics cultivation, as mentioned above, watering by irrigation may be used.

Further, in the present invention, the time to apply the nano bubble water to the tomatoes where the tomato fruit grows is not particularly limited because it differs depending on the tomato cultivation method. For example, when hydroponically cultivating, from installation to harvesting It is preferable to apply in the whole period.

<Other ingredients>
The nanobubble water may further contain other components.
Examples of the other components include agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, surfactants, antifreezing agents, antifoaming agents, antiseptics, antioxidants, and thickeners. The kind and content of other components are not particularly limited and can be selected according to the purpose.
However, in the present invention, it is preferable that radicals are not substantially contained in the nanobubble water as the other component. Note that “substantially free of radicals” is intended to exclude the inevitable inclusion of radicals due to water (for example, well water containing impurities) used to generate the nanobubble water. The intention is to exclude the incorporation of radicals generated by some operation.

〔Tomato〕
In the present invention, the variety of tomatoes to which the nanobubble water is applied is not particularly limited, and may be any variety such as a mini tomato, a medium tomato, and a large tomato.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, processing contents, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the following examples.

<Content of the test>
The test was conducted in the following categories in an agricultural house of tomato (variety: grace) grown in Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture from February to July 2017.
Test plot I: Nanobubble water produced by the following method was used for dilution of the culture solution in hydroponic cultivation of tomato (medium: water).
Test Zone II: Tap water was used for dilution of the culture solution in hydroponic cultivation of tomato (medium: water), and nanobubble water was not used.
Each test zone was divided in one agricultural house, 500 tomatoes were grown in test zone I, and 14500 tomatoes were grown in test zone II.
The culture solution and amount were appropriately changed according to the growth conditions of tomatoes, weather, and the like according to a conventional method, but were adjusted to be substantially the same in both test sections.

<Nano bubble water generation method>
Nanobubble water generates bubbles (nanobubbles) in water using a nanobubble generator [Kakuichi Seisakusho Aqua Solution Division (currently Aqua Solution Co., Ltd., 200 V, 10 L / min type)] under pressure and dissolution. It was generated by letting.
Note that tap water was used as the water used for generating the nanobubble water, and oxygen (industrial oxygen, concentration: 99.5% by volume) was used as the gas constituting the bubbles.
Moreover, the conditions for generating nanobubbles using the nanobubble generator described above were performed under the condition that the analysis result by the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite LM10 (manufactured by NanoSight) is as follows.
・ Number of bubbles per mL of water: 5 × 10 ⁸ / mL
・ Mode of bubble particle size: 100 nm

<Evaluation of shape control>
In each test section, the whole amount of harvested tomatoes was visually confirmed and evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown below.
(Evaluation criteria)
Special A product: Equivalent to the sample of tomato fruit shown in FIG. 2 A product: Equivalent to the sample of tomato fruit shown in FIG. 3 B product: Equivalent to the sample of tomato fruit shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C C product: FIG. Equivalent to tomato fruit sample shown in 5 (Evaluation result)
Test plot I: Special A product and A product evaluation tomato were present in 90% of the total number of harvested items.
Test area II: B and C evaluated tomatoes were found occasionally, and special A and A evaluated tomatoes remained at 83% of the total number of harvested tomatoes.
From these results, it was found that by applying nano bubble water to tomatoes where tomato fruits grow, the shape of tomatoes satisfying evaluation A can be made uniform at a high level.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Nano bubble production | generation apparatus 30 Liquid discharge machine 40 Gas mixing machine 41 Container 42 Gas mixing machine main body 50 Nano bubble production | generation nozzle

Claims

Tomato fruit shape control method, applying nano bubble water to tomato fruit.
The method for controlling the shape of tomato fruit according to claim 1, wherein at least one of watering using the nanobubble water and supply of a culture solution diluted with the nanobubble water to the medium is performed.
The method for controlling the shape of tomato fruit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mode diameter of bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is 10 to 500 nm.
The tomato fruit shape control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and ozone.
The tomato fruit shape control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nanobubble water has bubbles of 1 x 10 8 to 1 x 10 10 cells / mL.