WO2019230754A1 - Magnesium deficiency prevention method - Google Patents

Magnesium deficiency prevention method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019230754A1
WO2019230754A1 PCT/JP2019/021194 JP2019021194W WO2019230754A1 WO 2019230754 A1 WO2019230754 A1 WO 2019230754A1 JP 2019021194 W JP2019021194 W JP 2019021194W WO 2019230754 A1 WO2019230754 A1 WO 2019230754A1
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Prior art keywords
water
nanobubble
magnesium deficiency
magnesium
nanobubble water
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PCT/JP2019/021194
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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佐藤　貴志
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株式会社アクアソリューション
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Priority to JP2020522229A priority Critical patent/JP7370972B2/en
Publication of WO2019230754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019230754A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling magnesium deficiency.
  • Magnesium in the plant body is an essential element for the growth of the plant body because it is a constituent element of chlorophyll.
  • magnesium is easy to move in the plant body, and when the amount (total amount) of magnesium in the plant body is deficient, it redistributes from old leaves (lower leaves) to new leaves (upper leaves). For this reason, magnesium tends to be deficient in lower leaves, and chlorosis (yellowing or tanning between veins) occurs.
  • Such a symptom appears as a main symptom of magnesium deficiency, and when magnesium deficiency progresses, necrosis (necrotic spot) of chloroplasts occurs, and eventually the leaf blades die.
  • magnesium deficiency tends to occur in the leaves in the vicinity of the fruits. Since the occurrence of magnesium deficiency causes the quality of the fruit, which is the harvest, to be impaired, it is important in agricultural management to take control measures against magnesium deficiency. As a control measure against magnesium deficiency, it is effective to apply magnesium-containing fertilizers, chemicals, and soil conditioners (hereinafter referred to as magnesium-containing agents) to the leaves of plants or apply them to the soil.
  • magnesium-containing agents magnesium-containing fertilizers, chemicals, and soil conditioners
  • the composition described in Patent Document 1 (strictly speaking, “a composition for spraying leaves of plants or fruits”). ]).
  • the composition described in Patent Document 1 is configured by adding an aqueous nitric acid solution to an aqueous magnesium saccharate solution, and each contains MgO as magnesium, sucrose as a saccharide, and nitric acid as an inorganic acid radical (patent) (See claim 1 of document 1 and paragraph 0036 of the specification).
  • Patent Document 1 When the composition described in Patent Document 1 is sprayed on the leaf surface or fruit of a plant, the plant body is inclined to be acidic in order to absorb inorganic acid radicals in the composition, and the body pH is corrected, or Magnesium is absorbed for neutralization. Furthermore, the absorption of magnesium is further promoted by the osmotic pressure effect of sucrose. Thus, by using the composition of patent document 1, magnesium is efficiently absorbed by a plant body, and as a result, the physiological disorder by the magnesium deficiency in the plant body will be prevented.
  • this invention makes it a subject to provide the control method of the magnesium deficiency in which a high control effect is acquired by simpler operation.
  • the present inventor has found that a high control effect can be obtained by a simpler operation by applying nanobubble water to a plant, and has completed the present invention. That is, the present inventor has found that the above problem can be achieved by the following configuration.
  • a method for controlling magnesium deficiency wherein nanobubble water is applied to a plant body.
  • [5] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nanobubble water has bubbles of 1 ⁇ 10 8 cells / mL to 1 ⁇ 10 10 cells / mL.
  • [6] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the plant body is a herbaceous plant from which a fruit grows.
  • [7] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to [6], wherein the plant is melon.
  • a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
  • the magnesium deficiency control method of the present invention is a magnesium deficiency control method in which nanobubble water is applied to a plant body.
  • the “nano bubble water” is water containing bubbles having a diameter of less than 1 ⁇ m, and more precisely, water in which nano bubbles are mixed.
  • water mixed with nanobubbles water used to generate nanobubble water (raw water of nanobubble water, for example, well water containing impurities), which is unavoidable due to its properties, etc.
  • water containing nanobubbles is excluded from the above-mentioned “water mixed with nanobubbles”.
  • the diameter (particle diameter) of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles and the number of bubbles, which will be described later, are determined using the nanoparticle tracking analysis method based on the Brownian movement speed of the bubbles in water.
  • the value measured by the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite Series is adopted.
  • the diameter (particle diameter) can be calculated from the speed of the Brownian motion of the particle, and the mode particle diameter exists.
  • the mode diameter can be confirmed from the particle size distribution of the nanoparticles.
  • the present invention by applying nanobubble water to a plant body, a higher magnesium deficiency control effect can be obtained with a simpler operation.
  • the application of nanobubble water allows the plant to efficiently absorb magnesium, thereby preventing magnesium deficiency in the plant.
  • the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 30 to 300 nm, particularly because the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency is further improved. 70 to 130 nm is more preferable.
  • the gas constituting the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, but a gas other than hydrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of remaining in water for a long time, and specifically, for example, air, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, carbon dioxide And ozone.
  • a gas other than hydrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of remaining in water for a long time, and specifically, for example, air, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, carbon dioxide And ozone.
  • at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide is included for the reason that the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency is further improved, and that bubbles remain for a longer time.
  • at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide is included for the reason that it is possible.
  • containing at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide means containing the gas at a concentration higher than the oxygen concentration in the air. The same applies to nitrogen.
  • concentration of oxygen it is preferable that it is 30 volume% or more in a bubble, and it is more preferable that it is more than 50 volume% and 100 volume% or less.
  • concentration of carbon dioxide is preferably 1% by volume or more in the bubbles, and more preferably more than 10% by volume and 100% by volume or less.
  • the nanobubble water preferably has 1 ⁇ 10 8 to 1 ⁇ 10 10 bubbles / mL of bubbles for the purpose of further improving the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency, and in particular, bubble generation time and remaining bubbles. It is more preferable to have more than 1 ⁇ 10 8 cells / mL and less than 1 ⁇ 10 10 cells / mL for the reason that the balance of properties is good. 5 ⁇ 10 8 to 5 ⁇ 10 9 More preferably, it has / mL bubbles.
  • the nano bubble water may contain other components other than water and bubbles.
  • the other components include fertilizers and agricultural chemicals.
  • the kind and content of the other components in the nanobubble water are not particularly limited and can be selected according to the purpose.
  • radicals are not substantially contained in the nanobubble water as the other component.
  • the case where radicals are inevitably included due to the water used for the generation of nanobubble water (for example, well water containing impurities) It is substantially free of radicals ”.
  • a case where a radical generated by some artificial manipulation is mixed does not mean that the radical is not substantially contained.
  • the method for producing the nanobubble water examples include a static mixer method, a venturi method, a cavitation method, a vapor agglomeration method, an ultrasonic method, a swirl flow method, a pressure dissolution method, and a micropore method.
  • the magnesium deficiency control method of the present invention may include a generation step of generating the nanobubble water before applying the nanobubble water. That is, in the magnesium deficiency control method of the present invention, for example, water is taken into a nanobubble generator from a water source such as a water storage tank, well, or agricultural water, and a nanobubble water is generated, and the generated nanobubble water is applied.
  • the control method which has an application process may be sufficient.
  • a method of taking water from the water source into the nano bubble generating device for example, a method of supplying water pumped up from the water source using a dredge or a pump to the nano bubble generating device, and laying between the water source and the nano bubble generating device
  • a method may be used in which the flow path is connected to a nanobubble generator and water is directly sent from the flow path to the nanobubble generator.
  • a generation method using an apparatus that does not intentionally generate radicals is preferable, and specifically, for example, [0080] to [0080] in JP-A-2018-15715. [0100] A method of generating using the nanobubble generating device described in the paragraph is mentioned. The above contents are incorporated herein.
  • Other devices that do not intentionally generate radicals include, for example, a liquid discharger that discharges water, a gas mixer that pressurizes and mixes gas into water discharged from the liquid discharger, and a gas A microbubble generator for generating microbubbles in the water by passing the mixed water through the interior, wherein the gas mixer includes the liquid ejector and the microbubble generator.
  • the nanobubble generator shown in FIG. A nanobubble generating device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid discharger 30, a gas mixing device 40, and a nanobubble generating nozzle 50 therein.
  • the liquid discharger 30 is configured by a pump, and takes in and discharges nanobubble water raw water (for example, well water).
  • the gas mixing device 40 includes a container 41 in which compressed gas is sealed and a substantially cylindrical gas mixing device main body 42. While flowing water discharged from the liquid discharge device 30 into the gas mixing device main body 42, The compressed gas in the container 41 is introduced into the gas mixing machine main body 42. As a result, gas-containing water is generated in the gas-mixing machine main body 42.
  • the nanobubble generation nozzle 50 generates nanobubbles in the gas-mixed water according to the principle of pressure dissolution by passing the gas-mixed water through the nozzle, and the structure thereof is described in JP-A-2018-15715.
  • the same structure as the nanobubble generating nozzle made can be adopted.
  • the nanobubble water generated in the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 is ejected from the tip of the nanobubble generating nozzle 50, then flows out from the nanobubble generating device 10, and is sent toward a predetermined usage destination through a flow path (not shown).
  • the gas mixing device 40 is compressed into water (raw water) flowing toward the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 in a pressurized state between the liquid discharger 30 and the nanobubble generating nozzle 50. Mix gas.
  • the gas since the gas is mixed in the water in a pressurized (compressed) state, the gas can be mixed against the pressure of the water at the gas mixing location. For this reason, it becomes possible to mix gas into water appropriately, without generating a negative pressure especially in a gas mixing location.
  • a flow path of water supplied from a water source such as a well or water supply is connected to the suction side of the liquid discharger 30 and flows into the liquid discharger 30 from the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 in the flow path.
  • the water pressure (that is, the water pressure on the suction side) may be positive. In this case, the above configuration becomes more meaningful.
  • generation of the said nano bubble water For example, rain water, tap water, well water, surface water, agricultural water, distilled water, etc. can be used. Such water may have been subjected to other treatments before being used for generation of nanobubble water. Examples of other treatments include pH adjustment, precipitation, filtration, and sterilization (sterilization). Specifically, for example, when agricultural water is used, the agricultural water after at least one of precipitation and filtration may be used.
  • the application mode of the nanobubble water to the plant body is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the cultivation method of the plant body.
  • the nanobubble water is sprayed in soil cultivation, and the nanobubble is sprayed in soil cultivation.
  • a mode in which the above-mentioned nano bubble water is sprayed (irrigated) by itself in hydroponics soil cultivation is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the cultivation method of the plant body.
  • the nanobubble water is sprayed in soil cultivation, and the nanobubble is sprayed in soil cultivation.
  • the method of "watering" which is one mode of application is not particularly limited.
  • the cultivation method is soil cultivation, for example, a method of spraying water over the entire plant body, a part of the plant body ( For example, a method of spraying water on stems or leaves), a method of spraying water on soil in which plants are planted, and the like can be mentioned.
  • the cultivation method is hydroponics cultivation, as mentioned above, watering by irrigation may be used.
  • a mode in which the above-described nanobubble water or a culture solution generated using the nanobubble water in rice husk cultivation using rice husk as a medium is supplied to the medium.
  • “Supplying the culture solution to the medium” means supplying or circulating the culture solution in the culture solution pool in hydroponics, and in the mist (mist) of the culture solution in spray cultivation.
  • the medium is dripped or sprayed on the medium composed of rock wool, etc.
  • the medium is dripped or sprayed on the medium.
  • the culture solution is dropped onto the soil surface or discharged from an infusion tube embedded in the soil.
  • the application time of the nanobubble water to the plant body is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the application mode and the type of the plant body. It may be the entire cultivation period until harvesting, and may be applied only for a part of the period (for example, the fruit bunch enlargement period), but it is preferably applied over the entire cultivation period.
  • the plant body to which the nanobubble water is applied is not particularly limited as long as it can develop magnesium deficiency, but from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are meaningfully exhibited, the herbaceous nature of fruits.
  • Plants specifically, fruit vegetables and fruit vegetables
  • fruit vegetables and fruit vegetables include solanaceous plants (eg, eggplant, pepino, tomato (including cherry tomatoes), tamarillo, capsicum, shrimp pepper, habanero, peppers, paprika, and color peppers.
  • Arginaceae plants e.g., Takanotsume
  • cucurbitaceae plants e.g., pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, horned cucumber, shirori, bitter gourd, gangan, chayote, loofah
  • mallow watermelon, melon, and macaque
  • okra etc. a rose family plant
  • specific examples of plants that can develop magnesium deficiency include leafy vegetables (for example, spinach, lettuce, cabbage, and garlic), and stem vegetables (for example, leek). ), Root vegetables (such as radish and potatoes), and fruit trees (such as grapes, apples, and mandarin oranges).
  • Cucurbitaceae plants are more preferable, and melon is particularly preferable.
  • Test plot I In rice husk cultivation, a culture solution was generated using nanobubble water generated by the following method, and the culture solution was supplied into a rice husk medium by an infusion tube.
  • Test Zone II In rice husk cultivation, a culture solution was generated without using nanobubble water, and the culture solution was supplied into the rice husk culture medium by an infusion tube.
  • the culture solution contains a magnesium-containing fertilizer (specifically, magnesium sulfate) and is adjusted so that the EC value (Electrical Continuity), which is an index of fertilizer concentration, is 2.5 mS / cm.
  • a magnesium-containing fertilizer specifically, magnesium sulfate
  • EC value Electro Continuity
  • Nanobubble water generates bubbles (nanobubbles) in water using a nanobubble generator (Kakuichi Seisakusho Aqua Solution Division (currently Aqua Solution Co., Ltd., 200V, 10L / min type) using the pressure dissolution method. It was generated by letting.
  • the water (raw water) used for producing the nanobubble water was tap water, and the type of gas constituting the bubbles was oxygen (industrial oxygen, concentration: 99.5% by volume).
  • the conditions for generating nanobubbles using the nanobubble generating apparatus described above were as follows. Number of bubbles per mL of water: 5 ⁇ 10 8 / mL Bubble size (mode particle diameter): 100 nm

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a magnesium deficiency prevention method that makes it possible to more conveniently achieve high prevention effects. A magnesium deficiency prevention method in which nano-bubble water is applied a plant.

Description

マグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法How to control magnesium deficiency
　本発明は、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for controlling magnesium deficiency.
　植物体内におけるマグネシウムは、クロロフィルの構成元素であるため、植物体の生育上必須な元素である。一方、マグネシウムは、植物体内で移動し易く、植物体内でのマグネシウムの量（総量）が不足気味になると、古い葉（下位葉）から新しい葉（上位葉）に再分布するようになる。このため、下位葉ではマグネシウムが欠乏し易くなり、クロロシス（葉脈間の黄化又は黄褐色化）が発生する。このような症状は、マグネシウム欠乏症の主な症状として現れ、マグネシウム欠乏症が進行すると、葉緑部のネクロシス（壊死斑）が生じ、ひいては葉身の枯死に至ってしまう。 Magnesium in the plant body is an essential element for the growth of the plant body because it is a constituent element of chlorophyll. On the other hand, magnesium is easy to move in the plant body, and when the amount (total amount) of magnesium in the plant body is deficient, it redistributes from old leaves (lower leaves) to new leaves (upper leaves). For this reason, magnesium tends to be deficient in lower leaves, and chlorosis (yellowing or tanning between veins) occurs. Such a symptom appears as a main symptom of magnesium deficiency, and when magnesium deficiency progresses, necrosis (necrotic spot) of chloroplasts occurs, and eventually the leaf blades die.
　特に、果実が生る植物では、果実の肥大化に伴って果実近傍の葉から果実にマグネシウムが転流するため、果実近傍の葉においてマグネシウム欠乏症が発生し易くなる。マグネシウム欠乏症の発生は、収穫物である果実の品質を損なう原因となるため、マグネシウム欠乏症に対する防除策を講じることが、農業経営において重要となる。マグネシウム欠乏症に対する防除策としては、マグネシウムを含有する肥料、薬剤及び土壌改良剤（以下、マグネシウム含有剤）を植物の葉面に散布したり、土壌中へ施与したりすることが有効である。 In particular, in plants where fruits grow, magnesium diverts from the leaves in the vicinity of the fruits to the fruits as the fruits are enlarged, so that magnesium deficiency tends to occur in the leaves in the vicinity of the fruits. Since the occurrence of magnesium deficiency causes the quality of the fruit, which is the harvest, to be impaired, it is important in agricultural management to take control measures against magnesium deficiency. As a control measure against magnesium deficiency, it is effective to apply magnesium-containing fertilizers, chemicals, and soil conditioners (hereinafter referred to as magnesium-containing agents) to the leaves of plants or apply them to the soil.
　さらに、マグネシウム欠乏症を効果的に防止する技術が、これまでに開発されてきており、その一例として、特許文献１に記載の組成物（厳密には、「植物の葉面又は果実散布用組成物」）が挙げられる。特許文献１に記載の組成物は、例えば、マグネシウムサッカレート水溶液に硝酸水溶液を添加することで構成され、マグネシウムとしてのＭｇＯ、糖類としての蔗糖、及び無機酸根としての硝酸をそれぞれ含んでいる（特許文献１の請求項１及び明細書の段落００３６参照）。 Furthermore, techniques for effectively preventing magnesium deficiency have been developed so far. As an example, the composition described in Patent Document 1 (strictly speaking, “a composition for spraying leaves of plants or fruits”). ]). The composition described in Patent Document 1, for example, is configured by adding an aqueous nitric acid solution to an aqueous magnesium saccharate solution, and each contains MgO as magnesium, sucrose as a saccharide, and nitric acid as an inorganic acid radical (patent) (See claim 1 of document 1 and paragraph 0036 of the specification).
　特許文献１に記載の組成物を植物の葉面又は果実に散布すると、植物体が組成物中の無機酸根を吸収するために植物体のｐＨが酸性に傾き、その体内ｐＨ矯正のため、若しくは中和のためにマグネシウムが吸収される。さらに、サッカロースの浸透圧効果により、マグネシウムの吸収がより一層促進される。このように特許文献１に記載の組成物を用いることで、マグネシウムが植物体に効率よく吸収され、結果として、その植物体におけるマグネシウム欠乏による生理障害が防止されることになる。 When the composition described in Patent Document 1 is sprayed on the leaf surface or fruit of a plant, the plant body is inclined to be acidic in order to absorb inorganic acid radicals in the composition, and the body pH is corrected, or Magnesium is absorbed for neutralization. Furthermore, the absorption of magnesium is further promoted by the osmotic pressure effect of sucrose. Thus, by using the composition of patent document 1, magnesium is efficiently absorbed by a plant body, and as a result, the physiological disorder by the magnesium deficiency in the plant body will be prevented.
特開平４－２１４０８７号公報JP-A-4-214087
　ところで、マグネシウム含有剤を植物の葉面に散布したり、土壌中へ施与したりする場合には、その実施時期及びマグネシウム含有剤の使用量を適正に管理する必要がある。具体的に説明すると、植物体がマグネシウムを過剰摂取しないようにマグネシウム含有剤の使用量を決め、植物体の生育度合いを監視しながら頃合いを見てマグネシウム含有剤を投入する必要がある。このような状況は、特許文献１に記載の組成物をマグネシウム含有剤として用いる場合も同様である。 By the way, when a magnesium-containing agent is sprayed on the leaf surface of a plant or applied to soil, it is necessary to appropriately manage the implementation time and the amount of magnesium-containing agent used. More specifically, it is necessary to determine the amount of the magnesium-containing agent used so that the plant body does not excessively consume magnesium, and to input the magnesium-containing agent while monitoring the degree of growth of the plant body. Such a situation is the same when the composition described in Patent Document 1 is used as a magnesium-containing agent.
　一方で、マグネシウム欠乏症を防除する方策としては、上記のような管理の手間を極力省き、より簡便な操作によって高い防除効果が得られる方策が求められている。
　そこで、本発明は、より簡便な操作によって高い防除効果が得られるマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法を提供することを課題とする。 On the other hand, as a measure for controlling magnesium deficiency, there is a demand for a measure that can save the above-mentioned management effort as much as possible and obtain a high control effect by a simpler operation.
Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the control method of the magnesium deficiency in which a high control effect is acquired by simpler operation.
　本発明者は、上記課題を達成すべく鋭意検討した結果、植物体にナノバブル水を施用することにより、より簡便な操作によって高い防除効果が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
　すなわち、本発明者は、以下の構成により上記課題を達成することができることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that a high control effect can be obtained by a simpler operation by applying nanobubble water to a plant, and has completed the present invention.
That is, the present inventor has found that the above problem can be achieved by the following configuration.
　［１］　ナノバブル水を植物体に施用する、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。
　［２］　上記ナノバブル水又は上記ナノバブル水を用いて生成された培養液を培地に供給する、［１］に記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。
　［３］　上記ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡の最頻粒子径が１０～５００ｎｍである、［１］または［２］に記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。
　［４］　上記ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡が、酸素、窒素及び二酸化炭素からなる群から選択される少なくとも１種の気体を含む、［１］～［３］のいずれかに記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。
　［５］　上記ナノバブル水が、１×１０８個／ｍＬ～１×１０１０個／ｍＬの気泡を有する、［１］～［４］のいずれかに記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。
　［６］　上記植物体が、果実が生る草本性植物である、［１］～［５］のいずれかに記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。
　［７］　上記植物体が、メロンである、［６］に記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 [1] A method for controlling magnesium deficiency, wherein nanobubble water is applied to a plant body.
[2] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to [1], wherein the nanobubble water or a culture solution produced using the nanobubble water is supplied to a medium.
[3] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to [1] or [2], wherein the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is 10 to 500 nm.
[4] The magnesium deficiency control according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Method.
[5] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nanobubble water has bubbles of 1 × 10 8 cells / mL to 1 × 10 10 cells / mL.
[6] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the plant body is a herbaceous plant from which a fruit grows.
[7] The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to [6], wherein the plant is melon.
　本発明によれば、より簡便な操作によって高い防除効果が得られるマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for controlling magnesium deficiency that provides a high control effect by a simpler operation.
ナノバブル生成装置の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a nano bubble production | generation apparatus. 試験区Ｉにおける一つのメロンの葉の画像である。It is an image of one melon leaf in Test Zone I. 試験区Ｉにおける一つのメロンの果実の画像である。It is an image of the fruit of one melon in the test area I. 試験区ＩＩにおける一つのメロンの葉の画像である。It is an image of one melon leaf in Test Zone II. 試験区ＩＩにおける一つのメロンの果実の画像である。It is an image of the fruit of one melon in Test Zone II.
　以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
　以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、本発明の代表的な実施態様に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施態様に限定されるものではない。
　なお、本願明細書において、「～」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「～」の前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む範囲を意味する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The description of the constituent elements described below may be made based on typical embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
In the specification of the present application, a numerical range expressed using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
　本発明のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法は、ナノバブル水を植物体に施用する、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法である。
　ここで、「ナノバブル水」とは、直径が１μｍ未満の気泡を含む水であって、より正確には、ナノバブルを混入させた水である。なお、「ナノバブルを混入させた水」に関して付言すると、ナノバブル水の生成に使用する水（ナノバブル水の原水であり、例えば、不純物を含む井水）であって、その性質等に起因して不可避的にナノバブルを含んでいる水は、上記の「ナノバブルを混入させた水」から除外される。
　ここで、ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡の直径（粒子径）、並びに、後述する気泡の最頻粒子径及び気泡の個数は、水中の気泡のブラウン運動移動速度を、ナノ粒子トラッキング解析法を用いて測定した値であり、本明細書においては、ナノ粒子解析システム ナノサイトシリーズ（NanoSight社製）により測定した数値を採用する。
　なお、ナノ粒子解析システム ナノサイトシリーズ（NanoSight社製）では、直径（粒子径）は、粒子のブラウン運動の速度を計測し、その速度から算出することができ、最頻粒子径は、存在するナノ粒子の粒子径分布から、モード径として確認することができる。 The magnesium deficiency control method of the present invention is a magnesium deficiency control method in which nanobubble water is applied to a plant body.
Here, the “nano bubble water” is water containing bubbles having a diameter of less than 1 μm, and more precisely, water in which nano bubbles are mixed. In addition, with regard to “water mixed with nanobubbles”, water used to generate nanobubble water (raw water of nanobubble water, for example, well water containing impurities), which is unavoidable due to its properties, etc. In particular, water containing nanobubbles is excluded from the above-mentioned “water mixed with nanobubbles”.
Here, the diameter (particle diameter) of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles and the number of bubbles, which will be described later, are determined using the nanoparticle tracking analysis method based on the Brownian movement speed of the bubbles in water. In this specification, the value measured by the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite Series (manufactured by NanoSight) is adopted.
In the nanoparticle analysis system Nanosite Series (manufactured by NanoSight), the diameter (particle diameter) can be calculated from the speed of the Brownian motion of the particle, and the mode particle diameter exists. The mode diameter can be confirmed from the particle size distribution of the nanoparticles.
　本発明によれば、上述した通り、植物体にナノバブル水を施用することにより、より簡便な操作でありながら、より高いマグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果が得られる。
　これは、詳細には明らかではないが、本発明者が推察するに、ナノバブル水の施用によって植物体が効率よくマグネシウムを吸収するようになり、これにより、植物体においてマグネシウム欠乏症が防除される。このように本発明では、マグネシウム欠乏症を防除するにあたり、ナノバブル水を施用しさえすればよく、マグネシウム含有剤の使用に関して時期及び量の管理が不要となる。この結果、高いマグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果を達成しつつ、防除に要する操作がより簡略化されることになる。 According to the present invention, as described above, by applying nanobubble water to a plant body, a higher magnesium deficiency control effect can be obtained with a simpler operation.
Although this is not clear in detail, as the present inventors infer, the application of nanobubble water allows the plant to efficiently absorb magnesium, thereby preventing magnesium deficiency in the plant. As described above, in the present invention, in order to control magnesium deficiency, it is only necessary to apply nanobubble water, and it is not necessary to control the timing and amount of the magnesium-containing agent. As a result, the operation required for control is further simplified while achieving a high magnesium deficiency control effect.
　本発明においては、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果がより向上する理由から、上記ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡の最頻粒子径が１０～５００ｎｍであることが好ましく、３０～３００ｎｍであることがより好ましく、特に、７０～１３０ｎｍであることが更に好ましい。 In the present invention, the mode particle diameter of the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 30 to 300 nm, particularly because the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency is further improved. 70 to 130 nm is more preferable.
　上記ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡を構成する気体は特に限定されないが、水中に長時間残存させる観点から、水素以外の気体が好ましく、具体的には、例えば、空気、酸素、窒素、フッ素、二酸化炭素、及びオゾンなどが挙げられる。
　これらのうち、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果がより向上する理由から、酸素、窒素及び二酸化炭素からなる群から選択される少なくとも１種の気体を含むことが好ましく、また、気泡がより長時間残存することができる理由から、酸素及び二酸化炭素のうちの少なくとも一方を含むことがより好ましい。
　ここで、酸素及び二酸化炭素のうちの少なくとも一方を含むことは、その気体を空気中の酸素濃度よりも高い濃度で含むことをいう。窒素も同様である。なお、酸素の濃度については、気泡中の３０体積％以上であることが好ましく、５０体積％超１００体積％以下であることがより好ましい。また、二酸化炭素の濃度については、気泡中の１体積％以上であることが好ましく、１０体積％超１００体積％以下であることがより好ましい。 The gas constituting the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is not particularly limited, but a gas other than hydrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of remaining in water for a long time, and specifically, for example, air, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, carbon dioxide And ozone.
Among these, it is preferable that at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide is included for the reason that the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency is further improved, and that bubbles remain for a longer time. It is more preferable that at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide is included for the reason that it is possible.
Here, containing at least one of oxygen and carbon dioxide means containing the gas at a concentration higher than the oxygen concentration in the air. The same applies to nitrogen. In addition, about the density | concentration of oxygen, it is preferable that it is 30 volume% or more in a bubble, and it is more preferable that it is more than 50 volume% and 100 volume% or less. In addition, the concentration of carbon dioxide is preferably 1% by volume or more in the bubbles, and more preferably more than 10% by volume and 100% by volume or less.
　上記ナノバブル水は、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果がより向上する理由から、１×１０８～１×１０１０個／ｍＬの気泡を有していることが好ましく、特に、気泡の生成時間と気泡の残存性のバランスが良好となる理由から、１×１０８個／ｍＬより多く、１×１０１０個／ｍＬより少ない気泡を有していることがより好ましく、５×１０８～５×１０９個／ｍＬの気泡を有していることがさらに好ましい。 The nanobubble water preferably has 1 × 10 8 to 1 × 10 10 bubbles / mL of bubbles for the purpose of further improving the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency, and in particular, bubble generation time and remaining bubbles. It is more preferable to have more than 1 × 10 8 cells / mL and less than 1 × 10 10 cells / mL for the reason that the balance of properties is good. 5 × 10 8 to 5 × 10 9 More preferably, it has / mL bubbles.
　上記ナノバブル水は、水及び気泡以外の他の成分を含んでいてもよい。
　上記他の成分としては、例えば、肥料及び農薬等が挙げられる。ナノバブル水中における他の成分の種類、及び含有量は特に限定されず、目的に応じて選択可能である。
　ただし、本発明においては、上記他の成分として、上記ナノバブル水中にラジカルを実質的に含まないことが好ましい。なお、「ラジカルを実質的に含まない」ことについて付言すると、上記ナノバブル水の生成に使用する水（例えば、不純物を含む井水）などに起因して不可避的にラジカルが含まれるケースは、「ラジカルを実質的に含まない」ことになる。他方、何らかの人為的操作で生成させたラジカルを混入させるケースは、「ラジカルを実質的に含まない」ことにはならない。 The nano bubble water may contain other components other than water and bubbles.
Examples of the other components include fertilizers and agricultural chemicals. The kind and content of the other components in the nanobubble water are not particularly limited and can be selected according to the purpose.
However, in the present invention, it is preferable that radicals are not substantially contained in the nanobubble water as the other component. In addition, when adding about “substantially free of radicals”, the case where radicals are inevitably included due to the water used for the generation of nanobubble water (for example, well water containing impurities) It is substantially free of radicals ”. On the other hand, a case where a radical generated by some artificial manipulation is mixed does not mean that the radical is not substantially contained.
　上記ナノバブル水の生成方法としては、例えば、スタティックミキサー法、ベンチュリ法、キャビテーション法、蒸気凝集法、超音波法、旋回流法、加圧溶解法、及び、微細孔法等が挙げられる。
　ここで、本発明のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法は、上記ナノバブル水を施用する前に、上記ナノバブル水を生成させる生成工程を有してもよい。すなわち、本発明のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法は、例えば、貯水タンク、井戸、若しくは農業用水などの水源から水をナノバブル生成装置に取り込み、ナノバブル水を生成させる生成工程と、生成したナノバブル水を施用する施用工程とを有する防除方法であってもよい。
　なお、水源からの水をナノバブル生成装置に取り込む手法としては、例えば、桶又はポンプ等を用いて水源から汲み上げた水をナノバブル生成装置に供給する手法、並びに水源とナノバブル生成装置との間に敷設された流路をナノバブル生成装置に繋いで流路からナノバブル生成装置へ水を直接送り込む手法などが挙げられる。 Examples of the method for producing the nanobubble water include a static mixer method, a venturi method, a cavitation method, a vapor agglomeration method, an ultrasonic method, a swirl flow method, a pressure dissolution method, and a micropore method.
Here, the magnesium deficiency control method of the present invention may include a generation step of generating the nanobubble water before applying the nanobubble water. That is, in the magnesium deficiency control method of the present invention, for example, water is taken into a nanobubble generator from a water source such as a water storage tank, well, or agricultural water, and a nanobubble water is generated, and the generated nanobubble water is applied. The control method which has an application process may be sufficient.
In addition, as a method of taking water from the water source into the nano bubble generating device, for example, a method of supplying water pumped up from the water source using a dredge or a pump to the nano bubble generating device, and laying between the water source and the nano bubble generating device For example, a method may be used in which the flow path is connected to a nanobubble generator and water is directly sent from the flow path to the nanobubble generator.
　また、上記ナノバブル水を生成する装置としては、意図的にラジカルを発生させることがない装置を用いた生成方法が好ましく、具体的には、例えば、特開２０１８－１５７１５号公報の［００８０］～［０１００］段落に記載されたナノバブル生成装置を用いて生成する方法が挙げられる。なお、上記の内容は本明細書に組み込まれる。 Further, as the apparatus for generating the nanobubble water, a generation method using an apparatus that does not intentionally generate radicals is preferable, and specifically, for example, [0080] to [0080] in JP-A-2018-15715. [0100] A method of generating using the nanobubble generating device described in the paragraph is mentioned. The above contents are incorporated herein.
　意図的にラジカルを発生させることがない他の装置としては、例えば、水を吐出する液体吐出機と、液体吐出機から吐出された水に気体を加圧して混入させる気体混入機と、気体を混入させた水を内部に通すことにより水中に微細気泡を生成する微細気泡生成器と、を有する微細気泡生成装置であって、上記気体混入機が、上記液体吐出機と上記微細気泡生成器の間において、加圧された状態で上記微細気泡生成器に向かって流れる液体に、気体を加圧して混入させる微細気泡生成装置が挙げられる。具体的には、図１に示すナノバブル生成装置が挙げられる。
　図１に示すナノバブル生成装置１０は、その内部に液体吐出機３０、気体混入機４０及びナノバブル生成ノズル５０を備える。
　液体吐出機３０は、ポンプによって構成され、ナノバブル水の原水（例えば、井戸水）を取り込んで吐出する。気体混入機４０は、圧縮ガスが封入された容器４１と、略筒状の気体混入機本体４２とを有し、液体吐出機３０から吐出された水を気体混入機本体４２内に流しつつ、気体混入機本体４２内に容器４１内の圧縮ガスを導入する。これにより、気体混入機本体４２内で気体混入水が生成されることになる。
　ナノバブル生成ノズル５０は、その内部に気体混入水が通過することにより、加圧溶解の原理に従って気体混入水中にナノバブルを発生させるものであり、その構造としては、特開２０１８－１５７１５号公報に記載されたナノバブル生成ノズルと同じ構造が採用できる。ナノバブル生成ノズル５０内に生成されたナノバブル水は、ナノバブル生成ノズル５０の先端から噴出した後、ナノバブル生成装置１０から流出し、不図示の流路内を通じて所定の利用先に向けて送水される。
　以上のようにナノバブル生成装置１０では、気体混入機４０が、液体吐出機３０とナノバブル生成ノズル５０の間において、加圧された状態でナノバブル生成ノズル５０に向かって流れる水（原水）に、圧縮ガスを混入させる。これにより、液体吐出機３０の吸込み側（サクション側）で気体を水に混入させるときに生じるキャビテーション等の不具合を回避することができる。また、ガスが加圧（圧縮）された状態で水に混入されるので、ガス混入箇所での水の圧力に抗してガスを混入させることができる。このため、ガス混入箇所において特に負圧を発生させなくとも、ガスを適切に水に混入させることが可能となる。
　さらに、液体吐出機３０のサクション側に、井戸又は水道等の水源から供給される水の流路が繋ぎ込まれており、その流路において液体吐出機３０の上流側から液体吐出機３０に流れ込む水の圧力（すなわち、サクション側の水圧）が正圧であるとよい。この場合には、上記の構成がより有意義なものとなる。すなわち、液体吐出機３０の上流側の水圧（サクション圧）が正圧となる場合には、液体吐出機３０の下流側でガスを水に混入させることになるため、液体吐出機３０の下流側でもガスを適切に水に混入させることができるナノバブル生成装置１０の構成がより際立つことになる。 Other devices that do not intentionally generate radicals include, for example, a liquid discharger that discharges water, a gas mixer that pressurizes and mixes gas into water discharged from the liquid discharger, and a gas A microbubble generator for generating microbubbles in the water by passing the mixed water through the interior, wherein the gas mixer includes the liquid ejector and the microbubble generator. In the meantime, there is a fine bubble generating device that pressurizes and mixes gas into the liquid flowing toward the fine bubble generator in a pressurized state. Specifically, the nanobubble generator shown in FIG.
A nanobubble generating device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid discharger 30, a gas mixing device 40, and a nanobubble generating nozzle 50 therein.
The liquid discharger 30 is configured by a pump, and takes in and discharges nanobubble water raw water (for example, well water). The gas mixing device 40 includes a container 41 in which compressed gas is sealed and a substantially cylindrical gas mixing device main body 42. While flowing water discharged from the liquid discharge device 30 into the gas mixing device main body 42, The compressed gas in the container 41 is introduced into the gas mixing machine main body 42. As a result, gas-containing water is generated in the gas-mixing machine main body 42.
The nanobubble generation nozzle 50 generates nanobubbles in the gas-mixed water according to the principle of pressure dissolution by passing the gas-mixed water through the nozzle, and the structure thereof is described in JP-A-2018-15715. The same structure as the nanobubble generating nozzle made can be adopted. The nanobubble water generated in the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 is ejected from the tip of the nanobubble generating nozzle 50, then flows out from the nanobubble generating device 10, and is sent toward a predetermined usage destination through a flow path (not shown).
As described above, in the nanobubble generating device 10, the gas mixing device 40 is compressed into water (raw water) flowing toward the nanobubble generating nozzle 50 in a pressurized state between the liquid discharger 30 and the nanobubble generating nozzle 50. Mix gas. Thereby, it is possible to avoid problems such as cavitation that occur when gas is mixed into water on the suction side (suction side) of the liquid discharger 30. Further, since the gas is mixed in the water in a pressurized (compressed) state, the gas can be mixed against the pressure of the water at the gas mixing location. For this reason, it becomes possible to mix gas into water appropriately, without generating a negative pressure especially in a gas mixing location.
Further, a flow path of water supplied from a water source such as a well or water supply is connected to the suction side of the liquid discharger 30 and flows into the liquid discharger 30 from the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 in the flow path. The water pressure (that is, the water pressure on the suction side) may be positive. In this case, the above configuration becomes more meaningful. That is, when the water pressure (suction pressure) on the upstream side of the liquid discharger 30 is a positive pressure, the gas is mixed into the water on the downstream side of the liquid discharger 30. However, the configuration of the nanobubble generating apparatus 10 that can appropriately mix the gas into water becomes more prominent.
　また、上記ナノバブル水の生成に使用する水（原水）については特に限定されず、例えば、雨水、水道水、井水、地表水、農業用水、及び蒸留水等を使用することができる。
　このような水は、ナノバブル水の発生に供される前に他の処理を施されたものであってもよい。他の処理としては、例えば、ｐＨ調整、沈殿、ろ過、及び、滅菌（殺菌）等が挙げられる。具体的には、例えば、農業用水を使用する場合、典型的には、沈殿及びろ過のうちの少なくとも一方の処理が施された後の農業用水を使用してもよい。 Moreover, it does not specifically limit about the water (raw water) used for the production | generation of the said nano bubble water, For example, rain water, tap water, well water, surface water, agricultural water, distilled water, etc. can be used.
Such water may have been subjected to other treatments before being used for generation of nanobubble water. Examples of other treatments include pH adjustment, precipitation, filtration, and sterilization (sterilization). Specifically, for example, when agricultural water is used, the agricultural water after at least one of precipitation and filtration may be used.
　本発明においては、上記ナノバブル水の植物体への施用態様は、植物体の栽培方法により異なるため特に限定されないが、例えば、土耕栽培において上記ナノバブル水を散水する態様、土耕栽培において上記ナノバブル水によって希釈された農薬を散布する態様、養液栽培（水耕、噴霧耕、若しくは固形培地耕）又は養液土耕栽培（灌水同時施肥栽培）において上記ナノバブル水を用いて生成された培養液を培地に供給する態様、及び、養液土耕栽培において上記ナノバブル水をそれ単独で散水（灌水）する態様などが挙げられる。
　なお、施用の一態様である「散水」の方法は特に限定されず、栽培方法が土耕栽培である場合には、例えば、植物体の全体に水を散布する方法、植物体の一部（例えば、茎又は葉など）に水を散布する方法、植物体が植えられた土壌に水を散布する方法などが挙げられる。また、栽培方法が養液土耕栽培である場合は、上述したように、灌水による散水であってもよい。
　以上までに説明してきた施用態様以外にも、例えば、籾殻を培地とする籾殻耕において上記ナノバブル水又は上記ナノバブル水を用いて生成された培養液を培地に供給する態様が挙げられる。
　これらのうち、操作が簡便であり、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果が更に向上する理由から、上記ナノバブル水又は上記ナノバブル水を用いて生成された培養液を培地に供給することがより好ましい。
　なお、「培養液を培地に供給する」とは、水耕であれば培養液のプール中に培養液を補給し又は循環させることであり、噴霧耕であれば培養液のミスト（霧）中に培養液を噴霧して補給することであり、固形培地耕であればロックウール等によって構成された培地に培養液を滴下することであり、籾殻耕であれば培地に培養液を滴下又は散布することであり、養液土耕栽培であれば培養液を土壌表面に滴下したり、土壌中に埋設した点滴チューブから吐出したりすることである。 In the present invention, the application mode of the nanobubble water to the plant body is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the cultivation method of the plant body. For example, the nanobubble water is sprayed in soil cultivation, and the nanobubble is sprayed in soil cultivation. A culture solution produced using the above-mentioned nano-bubble water in an aspect of spraying a pesticide diluted with water, in hydroponic cultivation (hydroponic, spray plowing, or solid medium plowing) or hydroponic soil plowing (simultaneous fertilization cultivation) And a mode in which the above-mentioned nano bubble water is sprayed (irrigated) by itself in hydroponics soil cultivation.
In addition, the method of "watering" which is one mode of application is not particularly limited. When the cultivation method is soil cultivation, for example, a method of spraying water over the entire plant body, a part of the plant body ( For example, a method of spraying water on stems or leaves), a method of spraying water on soil in which plants are planted, and the like can be mentioned. Moreover, when the cultivation method is hydroponics cultivation, as mentioned above, watering by irrigation may be used.
In addition to the application modes described above, for example, a mode in which the above-described nanobubble water or a culture solution generated using the nanobubble water in rice husk cultivation using rice husk as a medium is supplied to the medium.
Among these, for the reason that the operation is simple and the effect of controlling magnesium deficiency is further improved, it is more preferable to supply the above-described nanobubble water or a culture solution produced using the nanobubble water to the medium.
“Supplying the culture solution to the medium” means supplying or circulating the culture solution in the culture solution pool in hydroponics, and in the mist (mist) of the culture solution in spray cultivation. In case of solid medium cultivation, the medium is dripped or sprayed on the medium composed of rock wool, etc. In case of rice husk cultivation, the medium is dripped or sprayed on the medium. In the case of hydroponics soil culture, the culture solution is dropped onto the soil surface or discharged from an infusion tube embedded in the soil.
　また、本発明においては、上記ナノバブル水の植物体への施用時期は、施用態様及び植物体の種類により異なるため特に限定されないが、例えば、果実が生る植物体を栽培する場合は、播種から収穫までの栽培全期間であってもよく、そのうちの一部の期間（例えば、果房肥大期間）のみに施用してもよいが、好ましくは、栽培全期間に亘って施用するのがよい。 Further, in the present invention, the application time of the nanobubble water to the plant body is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the application mode and the type of the plant body. It may be the entire cultivation period until harvesting, and may be applied only for a part of the period (for example, the fruit bunch enlargement period), but it is preferably applied over the entire cultivation period.
　本発明においては、上記ナノバブル水を施用する植物体は、マグネシウム欠乏症が発症しうる植物体であれば特に限定されないが、本発明の効果が有意義に発揮される観点からは、果実がなる草本性植物（具体的には、果菜類及び果実的野菜）が好適に挙げられる。
　果菜類及び果実的野菜としては、具体的には、例えば、ナス科植物（例えば、ナス、ペピーノ、トマト（ミニトマトを含む）、タマリロ、トウガラシ、シシトウガラシ、ハバネロ、ピーマン、パプリカ、及びカラーピーマンなど）、ウコギ科植物（例えば、タカノツメなど）、ウリ科植物（例えば、カボチャ、ズッキーニ、キュウリ、ツノニガウリ、シロウリ、ゴーヤ、トウガン、ハヤトウリ、ヘチマ、ユウガオ、スイカ、メロン、及びマクワウリなど）、アオイ科植物（例えば、オクラなど）、並びに、バラ科植物（例えば、イチゴなど）が挙げられる。
　また、果菜類及び果実的野菜以外の、マグネシウム欠乏症が発症しうる植物体としては、具体的には、葉菜類（例えば、ホウレンソウ、レタス、キャベツ、及びシュンギクなど）、茎菜類（例えば、ネギなど）、根菜類（例えば、ダイコン及びジャガイモなど）、並びに、果樹類（例えば、ブドウ、リンゴ、及びミカンなど）が挙げられる。
　これらのうち、ウリ科植物がより好ましく、メロンが特に好ましい。 In the present invention, the plant body to which the nanobubble water is applied is not particularly limited as long as it can develop magnesium deficiency, but from the viewpoint that the effects of the present invention are meaningfully exhibited, the herbaceous nature of fruits. Plants (specifically, fruit vegetables and fruit vegetables) are preferably mentioned.
Specific examples of fruit vegetables and fruit vegetables include solanaceous plants (eg, eggplant, pepino, tomato (including cherry tomatoes), tamarillo, capsicum, shrimp pepper, habanero, peppers, paprika, and color peppers. ), Arginaceae plants (e.g., Takanotsume), cucurbitaceae plants (e.g., pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, horned cucumber, shirori, bitter gourd, gangan, chayote, loofah), mallow, watermelon, melon, and macaque A plant (for example, okra etc.) and a rose family plant (for example, strawberry etc.) are mentioned.
In addition to fruit vegetables and fruit vegetables, specific examples of plants that can develop magnesium deficiency include leafy vegetables (for example, spinach, lettuce, cabbage, and garlic), and stem vegetables (for example, leek). ), Root vegetables (such as radish and potatoes), and fruit trees (such as grapes, apples, and mandarin oranges).
Of these, Cucurbitaceae plants are more preferable, and melon is particularly preferable.
　以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。以下の実施例に示す材料、使用量、割合、処理内容、及び処理手順等は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない限り適宜変更することができる。したがって、本発明の範囲は以下に示す実施例により限定的に解釈されるべきものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, processing contents, processing procedures, and the like shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the following examples.
　＜試験の内容＞
　試験は、２０１７年の８月～１１月にかけて神奈川県相模原市で栽培したメロン（品種：コロタン）の農業ハウスにおいて、以下の区分により実施した。
　試験区Ｉ：籾殻耕栽培において、下記の方法で生成したナノバブル水を用いて培養液を生成し、その培養液を点滴チューブによって籾殻培地中に供給した。
　試験区ＩＩ：籾殻耕栽培において、ナノバブル水を用いずに培養液を生成し、その培養液を点滴チューブによって籾殻培地中に供給した。
　なお、培養液は、マグネシウム含有肥料（具体的には、硫酸マグネシウム）を含有したものであり、肥料濃度の指標であるＥＣ値（Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃａｌ Ｃｏｎｄｕｔｉｖｉｔｙ）が２．５ｍＳ／ｃｍになるように調整したものを用いた。
　各試験区は、一つの農業ハウス内に配置された複数のベッド（栽培棚）を試験区別に分けて設定されており、それぞれの試験区では（１５株）のメロンを栽培した。
　なお、培養液の供給については、供給頻度及び各回の供給量が両試験区で概ね同様となるように調整した。具体的には、各試験区において、発芽後に毎日、所定量の培養液を土壌中に供給した。 <Content of the test>
The test was conducted in the melon (variety: Korotan) agricultural house cultivated in Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture from August to November 2017 according to the following categories.
Test plot I: In rice husk cultivation, a culture solution was generated using nanobubble water generated by the following method, and the culture solution was supplied into a rice husk medium by an infusion tube.
Test Zone II: In rice husk cultivation, a culture solution was generated without using nanobubble water, and the culture solution was supplied into the rice husk culture medium by an infusion tube.
The culture solution contains a magnesium-containing fertilizer (specifically, magnesium sulfate) and is adjusted so that the EC value (Electrical Continuity), which is an index of fertilizer concentration, is 2.5 mS / cm. Was used.
In each test zone, a plurality of beds (cultivation shelves) arranged in one agricultural house were set to be divided into test distinctions, and (15 strains) of melons were cultivated in each test zone.
In addition, about supply of a culture solution, it adjusted so that supply frequency and the supply amount of each time may become substantially the same in both test sections. Specifically, in each test section, a predetermined amount of culture solution was supplied into the soil every day after germination.
　＜ナノバブル水の生成方法＞
　ナノバブル水は、ナノバブル生成装置（株式会社カクイチ製作所 アクアソリューション事業部（現：株式会社アクアソリューション）製、２００Ｖ，１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎタイプ）を用いて加圧溶解方式にて水中に気泡（ナノバブル）を発生させることで生成した。
　なお、ナノバブル水の生成用に使用した水（原水）は、水道水であり、気泡を構成する気体の種類は、酸素（工業用酸素、濃度：９９．５体積％）であることとした。
　また、上記のナノバブル生成装置に用いてナノバブルを発生させる条件は、以下のとおりとした。
　　　水１ｍＬ当たりの気泡の数：５×１０８個／ｍＬ
　　　気泡のサイズ（最頻粒子径）：１００ｎｍ <Nano bubble water generation method>
Nanobubble water generates bubbles (nanobubbles) in water using a nanobubble generator (Kakuichi Seisakusho Aqua Solution Division (currently Aqua Solution Co., Ltd., 200V, 10L / min type) using the pressure dissolution method. It was generated by letting.
The water (raw water) used for producing the nanobubble water was tap water, and the type of gas constituting the bubbles was oxygen (industrial oxygen, concentration: 99.5% by volume).
Moreover, the conditions for generating nanobubbles using the nanobubble generating apparatus described above were as follows.
Number of bubbles per mL of water: 5 × 10 8 / mL
Bubble size (mode particle diameter): 100 nm
　＜マグネシウム欠乏症の防除効果の評価＞
　各試験区において、栽培されたメロンの全株を対象として、メロンの実を収穫する直前時期に、葉の葉脈間部分及び果実の表面における黄褐色化（クロロシス）の有無を目視で確認し、下記の３段階の基準で評価した。
　Ａ：いずれの株においても、葉及び果実でのクロロシスが確認されなかった。
　Ｂ：１～４個の株において葉及び果実でのクロロシスが確認された。
　Ｃ：５個以上の株において葉及び果実でのクロロシスが確認された。
　評価結果を以下に示す。
　試験区Ｉ：Ａ（図２Ａ及び図２Ｂ参照）。
　試験区ＩＩ：Ｃ（図３Ａ及び図３Ｂ参照）。
　以上の結果から、ナノバブル水によるマグネシウム欠乏症の抑制効果が明らかとなった。 <Evaluation of magnesium deficiency control effect>
In each test area, for all the cultivated melon strains, immediately before harvesting the melon fruit, visually check for the presence of tanning (chlorosis) on the leaf veins and the fruit surface, The evaluation was made according to the following three criteria.
A: In any strain, chlorosis in leaves and fruits was not confirmed.
B: Chlorosis in leaves and fruits was confirmed in 1 to 4 strains.
C: Chlorosis in leaves and fruits was confirmed in 5 or more strains.
The evaluation results are shown below.
Test section I: A (see FIGS. 2A and 2B).
Test section II: C (see FIGS. 3A and 3B).
From the above results, the suppression effect of magnesium deficiency by nanobubble water was clarified.
１０　ナノバブル生成装置
３０　液体吐出機
４０　気体混入機
４１　容器
４２　気体混入機本体
５０　ナノバブル生成ノズル DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Nano bubble production | generation apparatus 30 Liquid discharge machine 40 Gas mixing machine 41 Container 42 Gas mixing machine main body 50 Nano bubble production | generation nozzle

Claims (7)

  1. 　ナノバブル水を植物体に施用する、マグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 ¡A method for controlling magnesium deficiency by applying nanobubble water to plants.
  2. 　前記ナノバブル水又は前記ナノバブル水を用いて生成された培養液を培地に供給する、請求項１に記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to claim 1, wherein the nanobubble water or a culture solution produced using the nanobubble water is supplied to a medium.
  3. 　前記ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡の最頻粒子径が１０～５００ｎｍである、請求項１又は２に記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mode diameter of bubbles contained in the nanobubble water is 10 to 500 nm.
  4. 　前記ナノバブル水に含まれる気泡が、酸素、窒素及び二酸化炭素からなる群から選択される少なくとも１種の気体を含む、請求項１～３のいずれかに記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bubbles contained in the nanobubble water contain at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  5. 　前記ナノバブル水が、１×１０８個／ｍＬ～１×１０１０個／ｍＬの気泡を有する、請求項１～４のいずれかに記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nanobubble water has bubbles of 1 x 10 8 cells / mL to 1 x 10 10 cells / mL.
  6. 　前記植物体が、果実が生る草本性植物である、請求項１～５のいずれかに記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant is a herbaceous plant from which a fruit grows.
  7. 　前記植物体が、メロンである、請求項６に記載のマグネシウム欠乏症の防除方法。 The method for controlling magnesium deficiency according to claim 6, wherein the plant is melon.
PCT/JP2019/021194 2018-05-30 2019-05-29 Magnesium deficiency prevention method WO2019230754A1 (en)

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