TW201707722A - 用於減少體重及減少體脂肪的組合物及其醫藥品與應用 - Google Patents
用於減少體重及減少體脂肪的組合物及其醫藥品與應用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明公開一種用於減少體重與體脂肪的植物萃取組合物及其醫藥品與用途,其植物萃取組合物包含綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物,且以植物萃取組合物的總重量為基礎,綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的重量百分比分別為30%至75%以及20%至55%。本發明所述的植物萃取組合物在先誘導肥胖模式的動物試驗或同時誘導肥胖的動物試驗中,相較於施予單一植物萃取物或市售減肥藥物Orlistat,皆具有顯著減少體重與體脂肪的效果。
Description
本發明關於一種組合物,尤指包含特定重量比例的綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的植物萃取物;本發明關於一種前述組合物的應用,尤指藉由前述組合物在製備減少體重與體脂肪的醫藥品中的應用;本發明關於一種包含前述組合物的醫藥品,尤指可用於減少體重及減少體脂肪的醫藥品;本發明更關於一種前述醫藥品的應用,尤指藉由前述有效劑量的醫藥品用於減少體重與體脂肪的應用。
根據世界衛生組織對肥胖的定義,以身體質量指數(Body mass index, BMI)大於25定義為過重(overweight),BMI大於30定義為肥胖(obesity),統計資料指出2014年全球體重過重與肥胖的人口已經超過27億人,其中大約有13%人口為肥胖人口,而這些肥胖的人罹患心血管疾病、高血脂症、糖尿病、癌症等相關疾病的機率也比一般人大幅增高。世界衛生組織的研究報告也指出,全球引起死亡風險的疾病中,超重和肥胖排名第6,根據研究資料顯示,2013年至少有超過340萬成人死於超重或肥胖所引起的慢性病,其中有44%的糖尿病及23%的缺血性心臟病醫療負擔可歸因於肥胖。許多資料也顯示,肥胖者的年齡有逐漸下降的趨勢,依據世界衛生組織的資料顯示,2011年全世界約有4000多萬5歲以下兒童超重。美國約翰霍普金斯大學彭博公共衛生學院(JohnsHopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health)在2007年報告指出,估計到2015年全美有75%成人體重過重,其中41%人口屬於肥胖,且隨著開發中國家的興起,將使全球肥胖人口快速擴增,成為主要的流行病之一。美國CDC疾病管制局指出美國成人肥胖人口超過7200萬人,而在全球肥胖人口中亞太地區就占40%,中國成年人過重和肥胖比率從2002年的25%大幅上升到2010年的38.5%,預測到2015年,中國將會有50%至57%的人口體重過重。
肥胖目前是全球都非常重視的健康問題,研究指出導致肥胖的原因非常複雜,有多重因子牽涉其中。越來越多的證據也顯示肥胖並非自我控制就能改善的簡單問題,而是涉及體內食慾調節與能量代謝的複雜症狀,是一種體內代謝失衡的疾病。肥胖不僅造成死亡率提高及龐大醫療負擔,也影響了人類的生活品質。雖然肥胖的病因並未完全被確立,但認為與遺傳、代謝、生化、文化與精神社會的因子有關。研究顯示人類有許多死因與肥胖有關,包括惡性腫瘤、心血管疾病、腦血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性下呼吸道疾病、慢性肝病及肝硬化、高血壓性疾病、腎臟疾病等,顯示肥胖問題已成為全球皆極須重視的問題。近年來肥胖的盛行率愈來愈高,而伴隨肥胖通常會逐漸出現高血壓、高血糖和胰島素阻抗及血脂異常等代謝異常現象而導致代謝症候群,很容易演變成糖尿病、心血管疾病、動脈粥狀硬化、腦血管疾病及癌症等疾病,造成中風或心肌梗塞,甚至死亡。
目前減重藥物的作用機制主要可分為兩大類,分別為抑制食慾及阻斷腸道對於食物脂肪的部份吸收二大類。其中抑制食慾是過去及目前市售減肥藥物的主要機轉,這一類藥物包含Sibutramine (諾美婷)、Lorcaserin、Qsymia及Contrave等藥物,副作用較嚴重而且具有一定程度的心血管風險;以之前下架減肥藥Sibutramine (諾美婷)為例,其市場佔有率曾高達7成,它是通過中樞神經作用來增加飽足感與在週邊促使身體新陳代謝率增加的雙重作用以達到體重減輕的效果,Sibutramine是一種正腎上腺素(noradrenaline)與血清素(serotonin)再回收的抑制劑,能增加飽足感以抑制食慾,達到減重的目的,飽足感的增加是serotonin與noradrenaline再吸收的抑制,經由α1-與β1-adrenoceptors以及5-HT2 receptor subtypes作用而來。此藥的中樞作用可能會導致血壓升高及心跳加快,且近年來已被證實諾美婷會增加心血管疾病風險,因此歐盟、美國、澳洲、台灣等國家已在2010年宣佈將含Sibutramine成份的減肥藥下架。
而藉由阻斷腸道對於食物脂肪的部份吸收的減肥藥物則為Orlistat,這也是在大部份國家唯一合法可長期使用的減肥藥成份,它是一種具有專一性、可逆性的腸胃道脂肪分解酶抑制劑,作用在胃及小腸中,與胃和胰臟分泌的脂肪分解酶在其活化的絲胺酸(serine)位置形成共價鍵,將脂肪分解酶去活性,使得脂肪分解酶無法水解飲食中以三酸甘油酯存在的脂肪轉換成可供吸收的遊離脂肪酸及單酸甘油酯,因為未經消化的三酸甘油酯是無法吸收的,所以就會直接排出體外,藉由抑制胰臟和腸道脂肪消化酵素,而減少腸道對所攝食脂肪的吸收可達25至30%。由於Orlistat的主要作用方式是阻斷油脂吸收,因此在服藥期間可能會出現油便、排便次數增加、胃脹氣等的胃腸道方面的副作用,也會干擾脂溶性維生素吸收,國外亦有造成肝損傷,膽結石等嚴重副作用的案例。
減重藥物的高需求、高利潤吸引各藥廠投入研發,但藥物安全性為減重藥物的一大考驗,嚴重的藥物副作用及心血管疾病風險,導致FDA在2012年以前已有數年未核准任何減肥新藥,多家廠商股價甚至因此重挫,造成市場沉寂。 2012年開始美國 FDA 終於再次陸續批准了4個減肥新藥,分別為Belviq、Qsymia、Contrave及Saxenda,預計將再度活絡減重藥物市場。
Qysmia與Belviq,其主要成份分別為Phentermine-topiramate及Lorcaserin,作用機轉主要都在於增加飽足感、抑制食慾,來達到減重的目的。Qysmia含Phentermine與Topiramate兩種老藥成份,其中phentermine是屬於中樞神經興奮劑,其主要抑制食慾的機轉是通過讓腦部下視丘刺激腎上腺分泌正腎上腺素;Topiramate的作用機轉是促進神經傳導物質GABA的活性、阻斷鈉離子通道、拮抗glutamine接受體及抑制carbonic anhydrase來達到抑制食欲及增加飽足感的效果。
然而早在1997年時就有24個受試者在使用含有Phentermine的減肥藥 Fen-Phen (fenfluramine/dexfenfluramine- phentermine)後出現心臟辦膜問題,也因此造成fenfluramine及dexfenfluramine被美國FDA要求下架。Phentermine因為過去曾有導致嚴重的心血管風險,因此在許多國家仍然禁用;另一成份Topiramate過去則是被核准用於治療癲癇的藥物。目前知道Phentermine-topiramate藥物的副作用包括手腳出現刺麻感、昏眩、味覺障礙、失眠、便祕及口乾等情形。
Lorcaserin是5-HT2C受體活化劑,藉由活化下視丘黑色素皮質素神經元(pro-opiomelanocortin neurons, POMC neurons)產生α-MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone),進而誘發產生飽足感,抑制食慾和減少飲食能量攝入。Lorcaserin是通過高度選擇性作用於5-HT2C受體,對於5-HT2A與5-HT2B受體作用低,故從機轉上認為可減少先前嚴重心血管副作用發生風險,但其相關的副作用包含心臟瓣膜損傷、頭痛、噁心、疲勞和泌尿道感染,因此FDA仍然要求業者需進行後續臨床監測,同時若是服用Lorcaserin連續3個月體重未減輕就需立即停用藥物。
Contrave是一種多巴胺、正腎上腺素再吸收抑制,作用於中樞神經系統,能夠抑制食慾,Contrave副作用為自殺傾向、噁心、便秘、頭痛、嘔吐、頭暈等。Saxenda則為皮下注射給藥的減肥藥物,Saxenda的作用機制主要是透過減少胃排空的速度,增加飽足感,來達到減重的目的,副作用為噁心、低血糖、腹瀉、便秘、嘔吐、頭痛、食慾下降等。整體而言,目前上市的減重新藥對於心血管疾病產生的風險及長期使用的安全性仍須更長時間監測,故不適合原本有心血管疾病的患者服用,且仍具有許多副作用與安全性疑慮,尤其Qsymia所含的成份Phentermine因為過去曾導致嚴重的心血管疾病,因此在台灣及許多國家仍然禁用。
減肥藥應用發展的主要問題在於長期使用的心血管風險或精神方面安全性疑慮等安全性問題,而頭暈、失眠、心悸、便祕等副作用及心血管風險也讓許多使用者無法長期安心使用現有的減肥藥物。目前核准通過的減肥藥物,由於副作用高,耐受性差、心血管風險等原因,使得減重藥品整體市場並未與全球肥胖過重人口及減重需求一致。從1957年至2014 年上市的10個減肥藥物中,就有5個因為造成心血管風險或精神方面安全性疑慮而下架,其主要作用機轉皆是透過抑制食慾來減輕體重,包含2002年上市後即得到7成以上市佔率的Sibutramine(商品名諾美婷)。
由此可見,目前的減肥藥物仍存在程度不一的心血管風險與安全性疑慮,市場上仍需要一種安全性更高、副作用低、無心血管風險疑慮且同時可有效減輕體重與體脂肪,並降低心血管危險的減肥藥品。
本發明提供一種用於減少體重與體脂肪的植物萃取組合物,其係以植物萃取組合物的總重量為基礎,綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的重量百分比分別為30%至75%以及20%至55%。於較佳的實施例中,本發明所述的植物萃取組合物更包含有一白藜蘆醇,且該白藜蘆醇佔組合物的總重量為大於0%至30%。本發明所述的植物萃取組合物可有效減少體重與體脂肪。其中值得注意的是,動物實驗顯示單獨分別施予白藜蘆醇對於減少體重以及體脂肪並沒有效果,單獨施予薑黃萃取物效果也不明顯,這與過去的研究結果相符,更重要的是,本發明不僅在誘導肥胖過程同時給予本發明所述的植物萃取組合物,可觀察到本發明所述的植物萃取組合物具有顯著減少體重與體脂肪的效果,更進一步發現,即使在已誘導肥胖的肥胖小鼠模式下再給予本發明所述的植物萃取組合物,亦能明顯觀察到本發明顯著降低小鼠體重與體脂肪的效果,且本發明所述的植物萃取組合物與市售減肥藥物Orlistat相比,本發明減少體重與體脂肪的效果,皆顯著優於市售減肥藥物Orlistat (p<0.001),而且此種先誘導肥胖的模式比起傳統常見的同時誘導肥胖的動物模式,更難減少其體重與體脂肪,卻也更接近實際治療人體過重與肥胖的情況,在此條件下本發明植物萃取組合物依然能達到如此顯著減少體重與體脂肪的效果,且效果顯著超越市售減肥藥物及單一植物萃取物,足見本發明的組合物並非輕易可達成。
依據本發明,「薑黃萃取物」於此處指包含薑黃素的萃取物,其中薑黃素(curcumin)占薑黃萃取物的濃度為80%至100%;「綠茶萃取物」於此處指包含兒茶素(catechins)的萃取物,其中兒茶素占綠茶萃取物的濃度為75%至100%。
本發明更提供一種製造包含有綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的植物萃取組成物的方法,包括將包含有綠茶萃取物及薑黃萃取物的植物萃取組成物與醫藥上可接受的鹽類組成物、醫藥上可接受的安定劑或醫藥上可接受的賦形劑相混合成膠囊、錠劑或製成膜衣錠或注射輸液。
較佳的,所述的方法中更包括加入白藜蘆醇,以形成包含有綠茶萃取物、薑黃萃取物及白藜蘆醇的植物萃取組成物。
較佳的,所述的安定劑包括,但不限於木糖醇、山梨糖醇、聚葡萄糖、異麥芽糖醇及右旋葡萄糖。
本發明更提供一種用於減少體重與體脂肪的醫藥品,其中醫藥品包含前述用於減少體重與體脂肪的有效劑量的組合物以及其醫藥學上可接受的賦形劑。
在較佳的實施例中,該醫藥品中更包含有效減少體重與體脂肪劑量的白藜蘆醇。
依據本發明,所述的「醫藥上可接受的賦形劑」包括,但不限於崩解劑(disintegrant)、黏合劑(binder)、填充劑(filler)、潤滑劑(lubricant)、助懸劑(suspending agent)、助溶劑(solubilizer)及助流劑(glidant)。賦形劑的使用量取決於使用多少活性成分與劑型,且一種賦形劑可以執行一種以上的功能。
較佳的,所述的崩解劑包括,但不限於瓊脂(agar)、海藻酸(alginic acid)、碳酸鈣(calcium carbonate)、羧甲基纖維素(carboxymethylcellulose)、纖維素(cellulose)、黏土(clays)、膠體二氧化矽(colloidal silica)、交聯羧甲基鈉(croscarmellose sodium)、交聯聚維酮(cross-linked povidone)、膠(gum)、矽酸鎂鋁(magnesium aluminum silicate)、甲基纖維素(methyl cellulose)、波拉克林鉀(polacrilin potassium)、藻酸鈉(sodium alginate),低取代的羥丙基纖維素(low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose)、交聯聚乙烯吡咯烷酮羥丙基纖維素(crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone hydroxypropylcellulose)、丙基纖維素(sodium starch glycolate)及澱粉(starch)。
較佳的,所述的黏合劑包括,但不限於微晶纖維素(microcrystalline cellulose)、羥甲基纖維素(hydroxymethyl cellulose)、羥丙基纖維素(hydroxypropyl cellulose)及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinyl pyrrolidone)。
較佳的,所述的填充劑包括,但不限於碳酸鈣(calcium carbonate)、磷酸鈣(calcium phosphate)、磷酸氫鈣(dibasic calcium phosphate)、磷酸三硫酸鈣(tribasic calcium sulfate)、羧甲基纖維素鈣(calcium carboxymethylcellulose)、纖維素(cellulose)、糊精(dextrin)、鹽(salt)、糊精(dextrin)、右旋糖(dextrose)、果糖(fructose)、乳糖醇(lactitol)、乳糖(lactose)、碳酸鹽(carbonate)、氧化鎂(magnesium oxide)、麥芽糖醇(maltitol)、麥芽糊精(maltodextrin)、麥芽糖(maltose)、山梨糖醇(sorbitol)、澱粉、蔗糖(sucrose)、糖(sugar)及木糖醇(xylitol)。
較佳的,所述的潤滑劑包括,但不限於瓊脂、硬脂酸鈣(calcium stearate)、油酸乙酯(ethyl oleate)、月桂酸乙酯(ethyl laurate)、甘油(glycerin)、硬脂酸棕櫚酸甘油酯(glyceryl palmitostearate)、氫化植物油(hydrogenated vegetable oil)、氧化鎂(magnesium oxide)、硬脂酸鎂(magnesium stearate)、甘露醇(mannitol)、泊洛沙姆(poloxamer)、乙二醇(ethylene glycol)、苯甲酸鈉(sodium benzoate)、月桂基硫酸鈉(sodium lauryl sulfate)、硬脂酸鈉(sodium stearoyl acid)、山梨糖醇、硬脂酸(stearic acid)、滑石(talc)和硬脂酸鋅(zinc stearate)
較佳的,所述的助懸劑包含,但不限於甘露醇、羧甲基纖維素(carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC)及羧甲基纖維素鈉(CMC-Na)。
較佳的,所述的助溶劑包含,但不限於羥丙基β環糊精(hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin)、吐溫80 (tween 80)、蓖麻油(castor oil)與聚乙二醇(PEG)。
較佳的,所述的助流劑包括,但不限於硬脂酸鎂(magnesium stearate)、二氧化矽(silicon dioxide)、三矽酸鎂(magnesium trisilicate)、粉狀纖維素(powdered cellulose)、澱粉、滑石、磷酸三鈣(tribasic calcium phosphate)、矽酸鈣(calcium silicate)、矽酸鎂(magnesium silicate)、膠體二氧化矽及矽凝膠(silicon hydrogel)等材料。
本發明所述的醫藥品可以多種形式存在。該等形式包括,但不限於液體、半固體及固體藥劑形式,諸如液體溶液(例如可注射及可輸注溶液)、分散液或懸浮液、錠劑、丸劑、粉劑、脂質體及栓劑。較佳的形式取決於預期的投藥模式及治療應用;較佳的,本發明的醫藥品係呈可口服或可輸注溶液形式。在本發明的實施例中,用於減少體重與體脂肪的醫藥品包含有效劑量的綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的組合物的係通過口服施予,且根據本發明的植物萃取組成物適用及受偏好的口服劑型有藥片、顆粒、膜衣錠、膠囊、錠劑及其他固體口服劑型亦涵蓋於本發明範圍中。
本發明更提供一種以前述醫藥品用於減少體重與體脂肪的應用,其係藉由有效劑量的包含有綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的植物萃取組合物的醫藥品施予受體,以達到減少體重與體脂肪的效果,且受體為人類或動物。
較佳的,施予方式是口服施予或注射施予。
較佳的,有效劑量係指每天每公斤受體施予醫藥品1.8毫克(mg/KG)至145 mg/KG,此處受體為人類。
較佳的,有效劑量係指每天每公斤受體施予醫藥品5.4毫克(mg/KG)至70 mg/KG,此處受體為人類。
依據本發明,「有效劑量」於此處可根據美國食品藥物管理局(food and drug administration,FDA)所公告之「於初期臨床試驗估算成人最大安全起始劑量(estimating the maximum safe starting dose in initial clinical trials for therapeutics in adult healthy volunteers)」之Table 1推算出不同受體之有效劑量。
依據本發明,「減少體重與體脂肪」如此處所係指經施予有效劑量的包含有綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物或白藜蘆醇的組合物後,體重以及體脂肪皆分別少於肥胖對照組,其如本發明所例示者,減少體脂肪可通過施予特定範圍量的綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物或白藜蘆醇的組合物,並於特定時間範圍內測量副睪週邊脂肪量、腎臟週邊脂肪量、腸系膜週邊脂肪量、鼠蹊部及腹膜腔外的脂肪量變化而得。
本發明的植物萃取組合物的各組份皆係由植物萃取而得,實驗結果顯示本發明所述的植物萃取組合物不會影響食慾或攝食量,亦不會影響其他血清生化的安全指標,因此安全性較高,相較於目前市面上其他減重藥物,更為安全也沒有明顯副作用。此外,相較於現有技術的減肥藥物係通過抑制食欲或是阻斷腸道脂肪吸收的方式來減少熱量吸收以達到減輕體重效果,本發明所述的植物萃取組合物不僅能減輕體重,更可以有效抑制體內脂肪細胞的增生,同時亦能增加體內脂肪代謝與能量利用,且係針對肥胖的根本原因進行改善,以降低減重常見的復胖問題,並能改善血脂質及血糖等多種心血管危險指標,降低心血管風險。
由此可知本發明所述的植物萃取組合物更能針對目前全球的肥胖與過重問題,提供一個安全性更高且能有效減少體重及體脂肪的方案,未來可應用於相關醫藥品或保健食品等用途。
以下配合圖式及本發明的較佳實施例,進一步闡述本發明為達成預定發明目的所採取的技術手段。
實施例1. 前驅脂肪細胞生長抑制實驗
本實施例係將前驅脂肪細胞3T3-L1以每孔1x104
細胞(cells/well)培養於96孔盤,除控制組-DMSO溶劑對照組外,於不同孔中分別加入50 ppm白藜蘆醇、50 ppm薑黃萃取物、80 ppm綠茶萃取物以及100 ppm本發明的植物萃取組合物ME008A、ME008D、ME001、ME00C1及ME00D1,實驗共9組且每組實驗進行3重覆。加藥後培養48小時後,拍照記錄細胞生長狀況,並以細胞存活率試驗(MTT assay)分析各試驗物質對於3T3-L1前驅脂肪細胞生長抑制效果。其中控制組係為溶劑對照組DMSO,本發明的植物萃取組合物ME008A係包含50 wt%綠茶萃取物、25 wt%綠咖啡豆萃取物及25 wt%白藜蘆醇、ME008D包含40 wt%綠茶萃取物、45 wt%綠咖啡豆萃取物及15 wt%白藜蘆醇、ME001包含60 wt%綠茶萃取物、10 wt%薑黃萃取物及30 wt%白藜蘆醇、ME00C1包含40 wt%綠茶萃取物、50 wt%薑黃萃取物以及10 wt%白藜蘆醇,以及ME00D1包含75 wt%綠茶萃取物與25 wt%薑黃萃取物。各組數據均以Mean±SD表示,英文字母a、b、c、d、e、f、g表示統計的結果,不同字母表示組間具統計上差異(p<0.05) ,相同字母則表示組間不具有統計差異 (p>0.05)。
結果如圖1所示,與控制組相比,本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1、ME001及ME008D三組皆能顯著抑制前驅脂肪細胞生長(p<0.05),其中本發明植物萃取組合物各組當中又以MEOOC1對於前驅脂肪細胞的生長抑制效果最佳(p<0.05),且組合物MEOOC1對於前驅脂肪細胞的生長抑制效果亦明顯比單獨施予白藜蘆醇、薑黃萃取物或綠茶萃取物更佳(p<0.05)。
實施例2. 分化中脂肪細胞生長抑制實驗
本實施例係將3T3-L1以1x105
cells/well培養於12孔盤,培養至第四天改用含有每毫升5微克(μg/ml)分化劑胰島素、1微莫耳體積濃度(μM)地塞米松(dexmethasone)、0.5毫莫耳體積濃度(mM)的3-異丁基-1-甲基黃嘌呤(3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine)的培養液以誘導脂肪細胞分化,除控制組-DMSO溶劑對照組外,各組分別加入50 ppm白藜蘆醇、50 ppm薑黃萃取物、80 ppm綠茶萃取物以及100 ppm本發明植物萃取組合物ME008A、ME008D、ME001、ME00C1、ME00D1以進行實驗,實驗共9組且每組實驗進行3重覆。加藥後培養48小時後,拍照記錄細胞生長狀況,並以細胞存活率試驗(MTT assay)分析各實驗物質對於分化中脂肪細胞的抑制效果。各組數據均以Mean±SD表示,英文字母a、b、c、d、e、f表示統計的結果,不同字母表示組間具統計上差異(p< 0.05) ,相同字母則表示組間不具有統計差異(p>0.05)。
結果如圖2所示,與控制組相比,本發明各植物萃取組合物皆能顯著抑制分化中脂肪細胞生長(p<0.05),其中本發明植物萃取組合物各組當中又以MEOOC1對於分化中脂肪細胞生長的抑制效果最佳(p<0.05),且組合物MEOOC1對於分化中脂肪細胞的生長抑制效果亦明顯比單獨施予白藜蘆醇、薑黃萃取物或綠茶萃取物更佳(p<0.05)。
實施例3 動物實驗I (同時誘導肥胖與投藥)
本實驗例使用8週齡B6品系雌性小鼠,並分為正常對照組、肥胖對照組、白藜蘆醇組(61.5 mg/kg B.W.)、綠茶萃取物組(123 mg/kg B.W.)、本發明的植物萃取組合物ME001 (676.5 mg/kg B.W.)共5組,每組各使用5隻雌性動物進行試驗,試驗期間,除正常對照組餵食正常飼料外,其餘各組皆連續8週以高脂飼料餵食,用以誘發肥胖症狀,並同時每日管餵投予試驗物質8週,肥胖對照組則管餵等體積無菌水,以評估各組小鼠體重與體脂肪之差異。實驗過程中每週記錄每隻動物的體重與平均攝食量,試驗完成後,將小鼠犧牲,取其卵巢週邊脂肪、腎臟週邊脂肪、腸系膜週邊脂肪秤重計算其內臟脂肪量,取其鼠蹊部及腹膜腔外的脂肪進行秤重以計算皮下脂肪量。各組數據均以Mean±SD表示,英文字母a、b、c、d、e、f表示統計的結果,不同字母表示組間具統計上差異(p<0.05),相同字母則表示組間不具有統計差異(p>0.05)。
試驗結果如圖3A、圖3B所示,與肥胖對照組相比,本發明植物萃取組合物ME001體重總增重則明顯降低(p<0.05),降低幅度為47.2%,因此,本發明植物萃取組合物ME001可有效達到減輕體重的效果(p<0.05)。反之,單獨施予白藜蘆醇組的小鼠其體重總增重、內臟脂肪量、皮下脂肪量與體脂肪總重量(包含內臟脂肪與皮下脂肪),相較於肥胖對照組則皆無統計差異(p>0.05)。
本發明植物萃取組合物ME001與肥胖對照組相比,則無論在內臟脂肪重量、皮下脂肪重量或體脂肪總重量皆顯著下降(p<0.05)。此外本發明植物萃取組合物ME001與其他各組相比,ME001不僅可有效降低體重與減少體脂肪,且功效皆優於單一植物萃取物組別(p<0.05),具有較佳的減重功效。
試驗期間餵食高脂飼料的各組小鼠,其每週平均攝食量並無統計差異(p>0.05)。
實施例4 動物實驗II (先誘導肥胖再投藥)
本實施例使用8週齡B6品系雌性小鼠,除正常對照組餵食正常飼料外,其他小鼠先連續6週以高脂飼料餵食,誘發成為肥胖小鼠後(肥胖小鼠體重與初始體重相比增加超過20%),將肥胖小鼠隨機分成7組,包含肥胖對照組、羅氏鮮藥品對照組(34.8 mg/kg B.W.)、薑黃萃取物組(41 mg/kg B.W.)、及本發明的植物萃取組合物試驗組4組,包含ME008A (676.5 mg/kg B.W.)、ME008D (676.5 mg/kg B.W.)、ME001 (676.5 mg/kg B.W.)或ME00C1 (651.9 mg/kg B.W.),每組各使用5隻雌性動物進行試驗,除正常對照組外,其餘7組肥胖小鼠再持續給予高脂飼料並每日以管餵方式給予試驗物質8週,肥胖對照組則給予等體積無菌水管餵,總計共餵食14周高脂飼料後犧牲,以評估各組小鼠體重與體脂肪等項目之差異。實驗過程中每週記錄每隻動物的體重與平均攝食量,試驗完成後,將小鼠犧牲,取其卵巢週邊脂肪、腎臟週邊脂肪、腸系膜週邊脂肪秤重計算其內臟脂肪量,取其鼠蹊部及腹膜腔外的脂肪進行秤重以計算皮下脂肪量。各組數據均以Mean±SD表示,英文字母a、b、c、d、e表示統計的結果,不同字母表示組間具統計上差異(p<0.05),相同字母則表示組間不具有統計差異(p>0.05)。
試驗結果如圖4A、圖4B所示,與正常對照組相比,肥胖對照組的小鼠體重增重與體脂肪皆明顯增加(p<0.05),其體重增重增加幅度高達87.7%,表示本實施例已成功誘導小鼠體重上升造成肥胖。與肥胖對照組相比,本發明植物萃取組合物ME008D、ME001及ME00C1的體重增加量皆顯著降低(p<0.05),其中又以本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1效果最佳,且效果顯著優於市售減肥藥羅氏鮮(Orlistat)(p<0.05)與薑黃萃取物(p<0.05)。
與肥胖對照組相比,本發明植物萃取組合物ME008D、ME001及ME00C1的體脂肪(包含內臟脂肪與皮下脂肪)亦顯著降低(p<0.05),其體脂肪降低幅度分別為10.3%、36.9%及64.1%,其中又以本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1效果最佳,且顯著優於市售減肥藥羅氏鮮(p<0.05)與薑黃萃取物(p<0.05)。顯示本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1對於已肥胖的小鼠具有較佳的減輕體重與減少體脂肪的效果。試驗期間餵食高脂飼料的各組小鼠,其每週平均攝食量並無統計差異(p>0.05)。
實施例5 動物實驗III (同時誘導肥胖與投藥)
本實驗例使用8週齡SD品系雄性大鼠,並分為正常對照組、肥胖對照組、本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1 (199.6mg/kg B.W.)及ME00C1A (186mg/kg B.W.)共4組,其中植物萃取組合物ME00C1A係包含55.5 wt%綠茶萃取物及44.5 wt%薑黃萃取物,每組各使用6隻大鼠進行試驗,試驗期間除正常對組以正常飼料餵食外,其餘三組皆連續8週以高脂飼料餵食,用以誘發肥胖,同時每日管餵投予試驗物質,肥胖對照組則給予等體積無菌水管餵,以評估各組小鼠體重與內臟脂肪等項目之差異。實驗過程中每週記錄每隻動物的體重與平均攝食量,試驗完成後,將大鼠犧牲,取其副睪週邊脂肪、腎臟週邊脂肪、腸系膜週邊脂肪秤重計算其內臟脂肪量。各組數據均以Mean±SD表示,英文字母a、b、c、d表示統計的結果,不同字母表示組間具統計上差異(p<0.05),相同字母則表示組間不具有統計差異(p>0.05)。
試驗結果如圖5A所示,與肥胖對照組相比,施予本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1與ME00C1A之大鼠體重總增重皆明顯下降,與肥胖對照組相比,本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1體重增重顯著減少23.0% (p<0.01 t-test),而植物萃取組合物ME00C1A體重增重更可顯著減少29.8% (p<0.001 t-test)。圖5B所示之實驗結果亦顯示,與肥胖對照組相比,本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1A之大鼠副睪週邊、腎臟週邊及腸系膜週邊等內臟脂肪皆顯著降低(p<0.05),其內臟總脂肪重量可減少達35.7%,顯示本發明植物萃取組合物ME00C1A降低體重與體脂肪的效果最佳。
以上所述僅是本發明的較佳實施例而已,並非對本發明做任何形式上的限制,雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然而並非用以限定本發明,任何熟悉本專業的技術人員,在不脫離本發明技術方案的範圍內,當可利用上述揭示的技術內容作出些許更動或修飾為等同變化的等效實施例,但凡是未脫離本發明技術方案的內容,依據本發明的技術實質對以上實施例所作的任何簡單修改、等同變化與修飾,均仍屬於本發明技術方案的範圍內。
(無)
圖1係本發明以細胞存活率試驗 (MTT assay)檢測各組對於前驅脂肪細胞生長抑制效果的柱狀圖。 圖2係本發明以細胞存活率試驗 (MTT assay)檢測各組對於分化中脂肪細胞生長抑制效果的柱狀圖。 圖3A係本發明藉由同時誘導肥胖與投藥以檢測各組小鼠的體重增加變化的柱狀圖。 圖3B係本發明藉由同時誘導肥胖與投藥以檢測各組小鼠的內臟脂肪、皮下脂肪及總脂肪量的脂肪重量變化的柱狀圖。 圖4A係本發明藉由先誘導肥胖後再投藥以檢測各組小鼠的體重增加變化的柱狀圖。 圖4B係本發明藉由先誘導肥胖後再投藥以檢測各組小鼠的內臟脂肪、皮下脂肪及總脂肪量的脂肪重量變化的柱狀圖。 圖5A係本發明藉由同時誘導肥胖與投藥以檢測各組大鼠的體重增加變化的趨勢圖 圖5B係本發明藉由同時誘導肥胖與投藥以檢測各組大鼠的內臟脂肪變化的柱狀圖。
(無)
Claims (8)
- 一種用於減少體重與體脂肪的植物萃取組合物,其包含綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物,並以植物萃取組合物的總重量為基礎,綠茶萃取物與薑黃萃取物的重量百分比分別為30%至75%以及20%至55%。
- 如請求項1所述之植物萃取組合物,其更包含有一白藜蘆醇,且該白藜蘆醇佔組合物的總重量為大於0%至30%。
- 一種如請求項1或2所述之植物萃取組合物在製備減少體重與體脂肪的醫藥品之用途。
- 一種用於減少體重與體脂肪之醫藥品,其包含有效劑量如請求項1或2所述的植物萃取組合物以及醫藥學上能夠接受的賦形劑。
- 一種如請求項1或2所述之植物萃取組合物在製備減少體重與體脂肪之醫藥品之用途,其中該醫藥品係供用於以有效劑量施予受體,受體為人類或動物。
- 如請求項5所述之用途,其中施予方式為口服或注射方式施予。
- 如請求項6所述之用途,其中將醫藥品以口服方式或注射方式施予受體的有效劑量介於受體每公斤施予醫藥品1.8毫克(mg/KG)至145 mg/KG。
- 如請求項7所述之用途,其中將醫藥品以口服方式或注射方式施予受體的有效劑量介於受體每公斤施予醫藥品5.4毫克(mg/KG)至70 mg/KG。
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