TW201639860A - 亞磷酸酯化合物、其製造方法及其用途 - Google Patents
亞磷酸酯化合物、其製造方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201639860A TW201639860A TW105104507A TW105104507A TW201639860A TW 201639860 A TW201639860 A TW 201639860A TW 105104507 A TW105104507 A TW 105104507A TW 105104507 A TW105104507 A TW 105104507A TW 201639860 A TW201639860 A TW 201639860A
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- Prior art keywords
- butyl
- bis
- group
- hydroxy
- tert
- Prior art date
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- -1 Phosphorous acid ester compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 51
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OTXXCIYKATWWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dihexadecylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OTXXCIYKATWWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WQAJFRSBFZAUPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(O)CCCCCCCC WQAJFRSBFZAUPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002589 poly(vinylethylene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004742 propyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003235 pyrrolidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003902 salicylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZHROMWXOTYBIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,3,7,9-tetratert-butyl-11-oxido-5h-benzo[d][1,3,2]benzodioxaphosphocine 11-oxide Chemical compound [Na+].C1C2=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C2OP([O-])(=O)OC2=C1C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C2C(C)(C)C ZHROMWXOTYBIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SNAQARSCIHDMGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;bis(4-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP([O-])(=O)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 SNAQARSCIHDMGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl 3-(3-oxo-3-tetradecoxypropyl)sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVEOKSIILWWVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylstannane Chemical compound CCCC[SnH](CCCC)CCCC DBGVGMSCBYYSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCC IVIIAEVMQHEPAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CNUJLMSKURPSHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011590 β-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007680 β-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002478 γ-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZIFEOYASATJEH-VHFRWLAGSA-N δ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=CC(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 GZIFEOYASATJEH-VHFRWLAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/65744—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus condensed with carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings or ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/18—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/19—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with unsaturation outside the aromatic ring containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds but no carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/524—Esters of phosphorous acids, e.g. of H3PO3
- C08K5/526—Esters of phosphorous acids, e.g. of H3PO3 with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K15/00—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change
- C09K15/04—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds
- C09K15/32—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds containing two or more of boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K15/00—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change
- C09K15/04—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds
- C09K15/32—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds containing two or more of boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C09K15/322—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds containing two or more of boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing only phosphorus
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係關於一種下述式(I)所表示之新穎亞磷酸酯化合物、其製造方法及其作為有機材料用穩定劑之用途,
□[式中,R1、R2、R3及R4分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1~8之烷基、碳數5~8之環烷基、碳數6~12之烷基環烷基、碳數7~12之芳烷基或碳數6~12之芳基]。
Description
本專利申請係基於日本專利申請第2015-028807號(申請日2015年2月17日)而主張優先權者,此處藉由參照而將其全文併入本說明書中。
本發明係關於一種新穎亞磷酸酯化合物、其製造方法及其作為有機材料用穩定劑之用途。
已知熱塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂、天然或合成橡膠、礦物油、潤滑油、接著劑、塗料等有機材料於製造時、加工時、進而使用時,會因熱或氧等之作用而發生劣化,伴有因分子斷裂或分子交聯等現象所引起之有機材料之強度物性之下降、流動性之變化、著色、表面物性之下降等,而明顯損害商品價值。
已知為了防止此種因熱或氧所引起之劣化,先前開發出各種之酚系抗氧化劑及磷系抗氧化劑,藉由將該等添加至有機材料中,能夠使有機材料穩定化(專利文獻1及2)。
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開平5-86084號公報
[專利文獻2]日本專利第3876479號公報
先前使用之磷系抗氧化劑存在對於加工有機材料時之由熱或氧所引起之劣化的穩定化效果不充分之情況,業界需要具有更充分之穩
定化效果之化合物。
本發明之課題在於提供一種對於加工有機材料時之熱穩定性提昇較為有效之新穎化合物。
本發明者等人為了解決上述問題而對亞磷酸酯化合物反覆進行詳細地研究,發現新穎之亞磷酸酯化合物及羥基化合物,從而達成本發明。
即,本發明包含以下之較佳之態樣。
[1]一種亞磷酸酯化合物,其係以式(I)表示。
[式中,R1、R2、R3及R4分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1~8之烷基、碳數5~8之環烷基、碳數6~12之烷基環烷基、碳數7~12之芳烷基或碳數6~12之芳基]
[2]一種羥基化合物,其係以式(II)表示。
[式中,R3及R4如上述所定義]
[3]一種如上述[1]之亞磷酸酯化合物之製造方法,其係使上述式
(II)所表示之羥基化合物、式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物及三鹵化磷。
[式中,R1及R2如上述所定義]
[4]一種有機材料用穩定劑,其含有如上述[1]之亞磷酸酯化合物。
[5]如上述[4]之穩定劑,其中有機材料為熱塑性樹脂。
[6]如上述[5]之穩定劑,其中熱塑性樹脂為聚烯烴或工程塑膠。
[7]一種有機材料之穩定化方法,其係於有機材料中添加如上述[1]之亞磷酸酯化合物。
[8]如上述[7]之穩定化方法,其中有機材料為熱塑性樹脂。
[9]如上述[8]之穩定化方法,其中熱塑性樹脂為聚烯烴或工程塑膠。
[10]一種穩定化有機材料組合物,其包含有機材料及如上述[1]之亞磷酸酯化合物。
[11]如上述[10]之組合物,其中有機材料為熱塑性樹脂。
[12]如上述[11]之組合物,其中熱塑性樹脂為聚烯烴或工程塑膠。
本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物對於加工熱塑性樹脂等有機材料時之熱穩定性提昇較為有效。
本發明提供一種式(I):
所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物。對上述式(I)中之標記進行說明。
R1、R2、R3及R4分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳數1~8之烷基、碳數5~8之環烷基、碳數6~12之烷基環烷基、碳數7~12之芳烷基或碳數6~12之芳基。式(I)中之2個R1可為相同之基,亦可為相互不同之基。式(I)中之2個R2可為相同之基,亦可為相互不同之基。
作為碳數1~8之烷基之例,例如可列舉:甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、第三戊基、異辛基、第三辛基、2-乙基己基等。
作為碳數5~8之環烷基之例,例如可列舉環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環辛基等。
作為碳數6~12之烷基環烷基之例,例如可列舉1-甲基環戊基、1-甲基環己基、1-甲基-4-異丙基環己基等。
作為碳數7~12之芳烷基之例,例如可列舉苄基、α-甲基苄基、α,α-二甲基苄基等。
作為碳數6~12之芳基之例,例如可列舉苯基、萘基、甲苯基、二甲苯基等。
R1、R2及R3分別獨立,較佳為碳數1~8之烷基、碳數5~8之環烷
基或碳數6~12之烷基環烷基。
R1及R3分別獨立,更佳為第三丁基、第三戊基、第三辛基等第三烷基、環己基或1-甲基環己基。
R2分別獨立,更佳為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、第三戊基等碳數1~5之烷基,進而較佳為甲基、第三丁基或第三戊基。
R4較佳為氫原子、碳數1~8之烷基或碳數5~8之環烷基,更佳為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、第三戊基等碳數1~5之烷基或氫原子,進而較佳為甲基。
上述式(I)中,R1及R3分別獨立為第三烷基,R2分別獨立為碳數1~5之烷基,R4較佳為碳數1~5之烷基或氫原子,R1及R3分別獨立為第三丁基、第三戊基或第三辛基,R2分別獨立為甲基、第三丁基或第三戊基,R4更佳為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基或第三戊基,R1及R3分別獨立為第三丁基、第三戊基或第三辛基,R2分別獨立為甲基、第三丁基或第三戊基,R4進而較佳為甲基。
作為上述式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物,可列舉:2-第三丁基-6-甲基-4-(2-{[(2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二惡磷環庚烷-6-基)氧基]甲基}丙-2-烯-1-基)苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基-4-(2-{[(2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二惡磷環庚烷-6-基)氧基]甲基}丙-2-烯-1-基)苯酚、2-第三丁基-6-乙基-4-(2-{[(2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二惡磷環庚烷-6-基)氧基]甲基}丙-2-烯-1-基)苯酚等。
上述式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物例如可藉由使式(II):[化5]
[式中,R3及R4如上述所定義]
所表示之羥基化合物、式(III):
[式中,R1及R2如上述所定義]
所表示之雙酚化合物及三鹵化磷反應而製造。
作為三鹵化磷,例如可列舉三氯化磷、三溴化磷等。尤其是可較佳地使用三氯化磷。
於使式(II)所表示之羥基化合物、式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物及三鹵化磷反應時,例如亦可藉由使胺類、吡啶類、吡咯啶類、醯胺類等脫鹵化氫劑、鹼金屬或鹼土類金屬之氫氧化物共存而促進反應。為了促進反應,可使用1種脫鹵化氫劑或者鹼金屬或鹼土類金屬之氫氧化物,亦可組合使用該等之2種以上。
作為胺類,可使用一級胺、二級胺、三級胺中之任一者。作為胺類,例如可列舉:第三丁基胺、第三戊基胺、第三己基胺、第三辛基胺、二第三丁基胺、二第三戊基胺、二第三己基胺、二第三辛基胺、三甲基胺、三乙基胺、N,N-二異丙基乙基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二乙基苯胺等。作為胺類,就容易促進反應之觀點而言,可較佳地使用三乙基胺及/或N,N-二異丙基乙基胺。作為吡啶類,例如可列
舉吡啶、甲基吡啶等,可較佳地使用吡啶。作為吡咯啶類,例如可列舉1-甲基-2-吡咯啶等。作為醯胺類,例如可列舉N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺等,可較佳地使用N,N-二甲基甲醯胺。
作為鹼金屬或鹼土類金屬之氫氧化物,例如可列舉氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鈣等,可較佳地使用氫氧化鈉。
反應通常於有機溶劑中進行。作為有機溶劑,只要為不抑制反應者者,則無特別限定,例如可列舉芳香族烴、脂肪族烴、含氧系烴、鹵化烴等。反應可於1種有機溶劑中進行,亦可於2種以上之有機溶劑之混合溶劑中進行,亦可於該有機溶劑與其他溶劑之混合溶劑中進行。
作為芳香族烴,例如可列舉苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙基苯等。作為脂肪族烴,例如可列舉正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷等。作為含氧系烴,例如可列舉二乙基醚、二丁基醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二烷等。作為鹵化烴,例如可列舉氯仿、四氯化碳、單氯苯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、二氯苯等。
作為有機溶劑,就產率提昇之觀點而言,較佳為使用甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷、正庚烷、二乙基醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二烷、氯仿或二氯甲烷。
作為反應方法,通常採用二段反應法,其係首先使式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物與三鹵化磷反應而生成中間物,繼而使該中間物與式(II)所表示之羥基化合物反應。
於為該方法之情形時,較佳為相對於式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物而以1~1.1莫耳倍左右之量使用三鹵化磷,更佳為以1~1.05莫耳倍左右之量使用。又,於使用脫鹵化氫劑之情形時,較佳為相對於三鹵化磷而以0.05~2.4莫耳倍左右之量脫鹵化氫劑,更佳為以2~2.1莫耳倍左右之量使用。
式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物與三鹵化磷之反應通常於0~200℃左右之溫度下進行。可認為藉由該反應而生成作為中間物之鹵化亞磷酸酯。可將生成中間物單離而供給至下一步反應,但通常以反應混合物之形式直接供給至與式(II)所表示之羥基化合物的反應。
於下一步之與式(II)所表示之羥基化合物之反應中,相對於式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物而通常以1~1.1莫耳倍左右之量使用式(II)所表示之羥基化合物。
於該反應中,亦可使用脫鹵化氫劑,該情形時之脫鹵化氫劑之量係相對於式(II)所表示之羥基化合物而較佳為0.05~1.2莫耳倍左右。此處,於最初之反應中過剩地使用脫鹵化氫劑之情形時,上述脫鹵化氫劑之量通常按照殘留之脫鹵化氫劑與追加之脫鹵化氫劑的合計量而進行計算。與式(II)所表示之羥基化合物之反應通常於0~200℃左右之溫度下進行。
於反應結束後,使用脫鹵化氫劑之情形時,去除由反應所生成之脫鹵化氫劑之鹵化氫酸鹽,進而去除溶劑後,實施例如如晶析或管柱層析法之適當之後處理,藉此能夠獲得式(I)所表示的本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物。
本發明亦提供一種能夠用作用於製造式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物之中間物的上述式(II)所表示之羥基化合物。進而,本發明提供一種上述式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物之製造方法,其特徵在於使式(II)所表示之羥基化合物、式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物及三鹵化磷反應。
本發明之製造方法中所使用之上述式(II)所表示之羥基化合物能夠根據下述流程1而製造。
[化7]
對流程1進行說明。首先,使各種苯酚(式(B0)所表示之化合物)溴化(步驟(f)),例如使用碘化鉀等保護酚性羥基(步驟(g))而製造式(B2)所表示之化合物。使所獲得之式(B2)所表示之化合物與例如式(A2)所表示之化合物(例如2-(溴甲基)丙-2-烯酸乙酯、式(A2)中之R10為乙基之化合物)進行格任亞反應(步驟(c))而製造酯化合物,將該酯化合物進行還原(步驟(d)),並去保護基(步驟(e)),藉此可製造式(II)所表示之羥基化合物。
作為步驟(d)中所使用之還原劑,例如可列舉:氫化鋁鋰、氫化鋁鈉、硼氫化鋰、硼氫化鈉、硼氫化鈣、三乙氧基氫化鋁鈉、三乙醯氧基硼氫化鈉、氫化三丁基錫、9-BBN-吡啶、三氫化硼、鈉、醇共存下之鈉/氨、醇共存下之鋰/氨、氧化二異丁基鋁等。
式(A2)所表示之化合物(例如2-(溴甲基)丙-2-烯酸乙酯)可藉由如下方式製造:使式(A0)所表示之化合物(例如丙烯酸乙酯)與多聚甲醛反應而製造式(A1)所表示之化合物(步驟(a)),其後將其溴化(步驟(b))。
作為式(II)所表示之羥基化合物,例如可列舉:2-第三丁基-4-[2-(羥基甲基)丙-2-烯-1-基]-6-甲基苯酚、2-第三丁基-6-乙基-4-[2-(羥基甲基)丙-2-烯-1-基]苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基-4-[2-(羥基甲基)丙-2-烯-1-基]苯酚等。
本發明之製造方法中所使用之上述式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物可藉由公知之方法而製造,例如亦可藉由依據日本專利特開昭52-122350號公報、美國專利第2,538,355號說明書、日本專利特公平2-47451號公報中所記載之方法等使烷基苯酚類進行縮合而製造。又,上述式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物若有市售品,則亦可使用該市售品。
作為式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物,例如可列舉:聯苯-2,2'-二醇、3,3',5,5'-四第三丁基聯苯-2,2'-二醇、3,3'-二甲基-5,5'-二第三丁基聯苯-2,2'-二醇等。
藉由對式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物添加胺類、酸鍵結金屬鹽等,亦可提昇亞磷酸酯化合物之耐水解性。
作為上述胺類之例,例如可列舉:三乙醇胺、三丙醇胺、三異丙醇胺等三烷醇胺類;二乙醇胺、二丙醇胺、二異丙醇胺、四乙醇乙二胺、四異丙醇乙二胺等二烷醇胺類;二丁基乙醇胺、二丁基異丙醇胺等單烷醇胺類;二丁基胺、哌啶、2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、4-羥基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶等烷基胺類;六亞甲基四胺、三乙二胺等橋接環式胺類;三乙四胺、四乙五胺等多伸烷基多胺類;下述之受阻胺系光穩定劑等。
進而,亦可使用日本專利特開昭61-63686號公報中所記載之長鏈脂肪族胺、日本專利特開平6-329830號公報中所記載之包含位阻胺基之化合物、日本專利特開平7-90270號公報中所記載之受阻哌啶基系光穩定劑、日本專利特開平7-278164號公報中所記載之有機胺等。
胺類之使用比率通常基於式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物之總量而為0.01~25質量%左右。
作為酸鍵結金屬鹽之例,可列舉鋁碳酸鎂類等。作為鋁碳酸鎂類,例如可列舉下式所表示之複鹽化合物。
M2+ 1-x‧M3+ x‧(OH-)2‧(An-)x/n‧pH2O
[式中,M2+表示Mg2+、Ca2+、Sr2+、Ba2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Sn2+及/或Ni2+,M3+表示Al3+、B3+或Bi3+,n表示1~4之數,x表示0~0.5之數,p表示0~2之數;An-表示價數n之陰離子]
此處,作為An-所表示之價數n之陰離子之具體例,例如可列舉:OH-、Cl-、Br-、I-、ClO4 -、HCO3 -、C6H5COO-、CO3 2-、SO2-、-OOCCOO-、(CHOHCOO)2 2-、C2H4(COO)2 2-、(CH2COO)2 2-、CH3CHOHCOO-、SiO3 3-、SiO4 4-、Fe(CN)6 4-、BO3-、PO3 3-、HPO4 2-等。
作為上述式所表示之鋁碳酸鎂類中之更佳者,可列舉下式所表示之鋁碳酸鎂類。
Mg1-xAlx(OH)2(CO3)x/2‧pH2O
[式中,x及p如上述所定義]
鋁碳酸鎂類可為天然物,亦可為合成品,又,無論其晶體結構、晶體粒徑等如何,均可使用。
進而,作為酸鍵結金屬鹽,亦可使用日本專利特開平6-329830號公報中所記載之超微細氧化鋅、日本專利特開平7-278164號公報中所記載之無機化合物等。
酸鍵結金屬鹽之使用比率通常基於式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物之總量而為0.01~25質量%左右。
藉由將式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物添加至有機材料中,可降低有機材料之熱劣化及氧化劣化等,而使有機材料穩定化。因此,本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物適合作為有機材料用穩定劑之有效成分。
本發明亦提供一種含有式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物的有機材料用穩定劑、於有機材料中添加式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物的有機材料之穩定化方法、及包含有機材料及式(I)所表示
之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物之穩定化有機材料組合物。於該等態樣中,作為式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物,可使用1種式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物,亦可組合使用2種以上之式(I)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物。
作為可藉由本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物而穩定化之有機材料,例如可列舉如下者,但並不限定於該等有機材料。有機材料可為1種有機材料,亦可為2種以上之有機材料之混合物。
(1)聚乙烯、例如高密度聚乙烯(HD-PE)、低密度聚乙烯(LD-PE)、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、(2)聚丙烯、(3)甲基戊烯聚合物、(4)EEA(乙烯/丙烯酸乙酯共聚合)樹脂、(5)乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚合樹脂、(6)聚苯乙烯類、例如聚苯乙烯、聚(對甲基苯乙烯)、聚(α-甲基苯乙烯)、(7)AS(丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚合)樹脂、(8)ABS(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚合)樹脂、(9)AAS(特殊丙烯酸系橡膠/丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚合)樹脂、(10)ACS(丙烯腈/氯化聚乙烯/苯乙烯共聚合)樹脂、(11)氯化聚乙烯、聚氯丁二烯、氯化橡膠、(12)聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、(13)甲基丙烯酸系樹脂、(14)乙烯/乙烯醇共聚合樹脂、(15)氟樹脂、(16)聚縮醛、(17)接枝化聚苯醚樹脂及聚苯硫醚樹脂、
(18)聚胺基甲酸乙酯、(19)聚醯胺、(20)聚酯樹脂、例如聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、(21)聚碳酸酯、(22)聚丙烯酸酯、(23)聚碸、聚醚醚酮、聚醚碸、(24)芳香族聚酯樹脂等熱塑性樹脂、(25)環氧樹脂、(26)鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙酯預聚物、(27)聚矽氧樹脂、(28)不飽和聚酯樹脂、(29)經丙烯酸改性之苯胍胺樹脂、(30)苯胍胺/三聚氰胺樹脂、(31)尿素樹脂等熱硬化性樹脂、(32)聚丁二烯、(33)1,2-聚丁二烯、(34)聚異戊二烯、(35)苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、(36)丁二烯/丙烯腈共聚物、(37)乙烯/丙烯共聚物、(38)聚矽氧橡膠、(39)表氯醇橡膠、(40)丙烯酸系橡膠、(41)天然橡膠、(42)氯橡膠系塗料、
(43)聚酯樹脂塗料、(44)胺基甲酸乙酯樹脂塗料、(45)環氧樹脂塗料、(46)丙烯酸系樹脂塗料、(47)乙烯系樹脂塗料、(48)胺基醇酸樹脂塗料、(49)醇酸樹脂塗料、(50)硝化纖維素樹脂塗料、(51)油性塗料、(52)蠟、(53)潤滑油等。
其中,可較佳地用於熱塑性樹脂、尤其是聚乙烯例如HD-PE(High density polyethylene,高密度聚乙烯)、LD-PE(Low density polyethylene,低密度聚乙烯)、LLDPE(Linear low density polythylene,線性低密度聚乙烯)及聚丙烯等聚烯烴、聚醯胺、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯及聚碳酸酯等工程塑膠等。
作為聚烯烴,並無特別限定,例如可為藉由自由基聚合而獲得者,亦可為藉由使用含有週期表IVb、Vb、VIb或VIII族之金屬之觸媒的聚合而製造者。作為含有該金屬之觸媒,可列舉:藉由1個以上之配位子例如π或σ鍵而配位之氧化物、鹵化物、醇化物、酯、含有芳基等之金屬錯合物。該等錯合物可直接為金屬錯合物,亦可載持於氯化鎂、氯化鈦、氧化鋁、氧化矽等基材上。作為聚烯烴,例如可較佳地使用利用齊格勒‧納塔觸媒、TNZ觸媒、茂金屬觸媒、非定型分枝桿菌觸媒等製造者。
工程塑膠亦無特別限定。聚醯胺樹脂為於聚合物鏈上具有醯胺鍵者,只要為能夠加熱熔融者即可。聚醯胺樹脂可為藉由任意之方法
而製造者,例如可列舉:藉由二胺類與二羧酸類之縮合反應、胺基羧酸類之縮合反應、內醯胺類之開環聚合等方法而製造者。作為聚醯胺樹脂之例,可列舉:尼龍66、尼龍69、尼龍610、尼龍612、聚-雙(對胺基環己基)甲烷十二醯胺、尼龍46、尼龍6、尼龍12、作為尼龍66與尼龍6之共聚物之尼龍66/6、尼龍6/12等共聚物等。聚酯樹脂為於聚合物鏈上具有酯鍵者,只要為能夠加熱熔融者即可,例如可列舉藉由二羧酸類與二羥基化合物之縮聚合等而獲得之聚酯。聚酯樹脂可為均聚酯、共聚酯中之任一者。聚碳酸酯樹脂為於聚合物鏈上具有碳酸酯鍵者,只要為能夠加熱熔融者即可,例如可列舉:藉由於溶劑、酸受容體、分子量調整劑之存在下使如碳醯氯、碳酸二苯基酯之碳酸酯前驅物與芳香族羥基化合物或其與少量之聚羥基化合物反應而獲得之聚碳酸酯。聚碳酸酯樹脂可為直鏈狀,亦可為分支狀,又,亦可為共聚物。
於將式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物添加於有機材料中而使有機材料穩定化之情形時,關於本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物之含量,就有機材料之穩定化之觀點而言,相對於有機材料100質量份,通常為0.0001質量份以上,較佳為0.001質量份以上,更佳為0.01質量份以上,進而較佳為0.05質量份以上。又,關於本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物之含量,就使有機材料有效地穩定化且經濟性之觀點而言,相對於有機材料100質量份,通常為5質量份以下,較佳為3質量份以下,更佳為1質量份以下。
於將式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物添加於有機材料中時,亦可於有機材料中視需要進而添加其他添加劑、例如酚系抗氧化劑、硫系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑、紫外線吸收劑、光穩定劑、過氧化物清除劑、聚醯胺穩定劑、羥基胺、潤滑劑、塑化劑、阻燃劑、造核劑、金屬惰性化劑、抗靜電劑、顏料、填充劑、抗黏連劑、界面活
性劑、加工助劑、發泡劑、乳化劑、光澤劑、硬脂酸鈣、鋁碳酸鎂等中和劑、進而9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物等著色改良劑、或者美國專利第4,325,853號、美國專利第4,338,244號、美國專利第5,175,312號、美國專利第5,216,053號、美國專利第5,252,643號、美國專利第4,316,611號說明書、DE-A-4,316,622號、DE-A-4,316,876號說明書、EP-A-589,839、EP-A-591,102號說明書等中所記載之苯并呋喃類、吲哚啉類等輔助穩定劑等。能夠將該等添加劑與本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物同時添加於有機材料中,亦可在與本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物不同階段添加於有機材料中。作為添加劑,可使用1種添加劑,亦可組合使用2種以上之添加劑。
作為酚系抗氧化劑,例如可列舉如下者。作為酚系抗氧化劑,可單獨使用以下之化合物,亦可組合使用2種以上。
(1)烷基化單苯酚之例
2,6-二第三丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三第三丁基苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基苯酚、2-第三丁基-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基-4-乙基苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基-4-正丁基苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基-4-異丁基苯酚、2,6-二環戊基-4-甲基苯酚、2-(α-甲基環己基)-4,6-二甲基苯酚、2,6-二(十八烷基)-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三環己基苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基-4-甲氧基甲基苯酚、2,6-二壬基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十一烷基-1'-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十七烷基-1'-基)苯酚、2,4-二甲基-6-(1'-甲基十三烷基-1'-基)苯酚及該等之混合物等。
(2)烷基硫甲基苯酚之例
2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚、2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-乙基苯酚、2,6-二(十二烷基)硫甲基-4-壬基苯酚及該等之混合物等。
(3)對苯二酚及烷基化對苯二酚之例
2,6-二第三丁基-4-甲氧基苯酚、2,5-二第三丁基對苯二酚、2,5-二第三戊基對苯二酚、2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基苯酚、2,6-二第三丁基對苯二酚、2,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯甲醚、3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基硬脂酸酯、雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)己二酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(4)維生素E之例
α-維生素E、β-維生素E、γ-維生素E、δ-維生素E及該等之混合物等。
(5)羥基化硫代二苯基醚之例
2,2'-硫代雙(6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-硫代雙(4-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-硫代雙(4-辛基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代雙(2-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代雙(3,6-二第三戊基苯酚)、4,4'-(2,6-二甲基-4-羥基苯基)二硫醚等。
(6)亞烷基雙酚及其衍生物之例
2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-乙基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基環己基)苯酚)]、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-環己基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-壬基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞乙基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞乙基雙(4-異丁基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙[6-(α-甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]、2,2'-亞甲基雙[4,6-(α,α-二甲基苄基)-4-壬基苯酚]、4,4'-亞甲基雙(6-第三丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、4,4'-亞甲基雙(2,6-二第三丁基苯酚)、4,4'-亞丁基雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、1,1-雙(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、2,6-雙(3-第三丁基-5-甲基-2-羥基苄基)-4-甲基苯酚、1,1,3-三(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、1,1-雙(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)-3-正十二烷基巰基丁烷、乙二醇雙[3,3-雙-3'-第三丁基-4'-羥基
苯基)丁酸酯]、雙(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)二環戊二烯、雙[2-(3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基-5'-甲基苄基)-6-第三丁基-4-甲基苯基]對苯二甲酸酯、1,1-雙(3,5-二甲基-2-羥基苯基)丁烷、2,2-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙烷、2,2-雙(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)-4-正十二烷基巰基丁烷、1,1,5,5-四(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)戊烷、2-第三丁基-6-(3'-第三丁基-5'-甲基-2'-羥基苄基)-4-甲基苯基丙烯酸酯、2,4-二第三戊基-6-[1-(2-羥基-3,5-二第三戊基苯基)乙基]苯基丙烯酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(7)O-、N-及S-苄基衍生物之例
3,5,3',5'-四第三丁基-4,4'-二羥基二苄基醚、十八烷基-4-羥基-3,5-二甲基苄基巰基乙酸酯、三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)胺、雙(4-第三丁基-3-羥基-2,6-二甲基苄基)二硫代對苯二甲酸酯、雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)硫醚、異辛基-3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基巰基乙酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(8)羥基苄基化丙二酸酯衍生物之例
二(十八烷基)-2,2-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-2-羥基苄基)丙二酸酯、二(十八烷基)-2-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苄基)丙二酸酯、二(十二烷基)巰基乙基-2,2-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)丙二酸酯、雙[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-2,2-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)丙二酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(9)芳香族羥基苄基衍生物之例
1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)苯、1,4-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)-2,3,5,6-四甲基苯、2,4,6-三(3,5-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)苯酚及該等之混合物等。
(10)三衍生物之例
2,4-雙(正辛基硫)-6-(4-羥基-3,5-二第三丁基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三、2-
正辛基硫-4,6-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二第三丁基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三、2-正辛基硫-4,6-雙(4-羥基-3,5-二第三丁基苯氧基)-1,3,5-三、2,4,6-三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-苯氧基)-1,3,5-三、三(4-第三丁基-3-羥基-2,6-二甲基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、2,4,6-三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基乙基)-1,3,5-三、2,4,6-三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基丙基)-1,3,5-三、三(3,5-二環己基-4-羥基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、三[2-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基肉桂醯氧基)乙基]異氰尿酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(11)苄基膦酸酯衍生物之例
二甲基-3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸酯、二乙基-3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸酯、二(十八烷基)-3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸酯、二(十八烷基)-5-第三丁基-4-羥基-3-甲基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸單酯之鈣鹽及該等之混合物等。
(12)醯胺基苯酚衍生物之例
4-羥基月桂酸醯替苯胺、4-羥基硬脂酸醯替苯胺、辛基-N-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)胺基甲酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(13)β-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸與以下之一元或多元醇之酯之例
甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、新戊二醇、二乙二醇、硫代乙二醇、螺二醇、三乙二醇、季戊四醇、三(羥基乙基)異氰尿酸酯、N,N'-雙(羥基乙基)草醯胺、3-硫雜十一烷醇、3-硫雜十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、4-羥基甲基-1-膦-2,6,7-三氧雜雙環[2,2,2]辛烷及該等之混合物等。
(14)β-(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-3-甲基苯基)丙酸與以下之一元或多元醇之酯之例
甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、新戊二醇、二乙二醇、硫代乙二醇、螺二醇、三乙二醇、季戊四醇、三(羥基乙基)異氰尿酸酯、N,N'-雙(羥基乙基)草醯胺、3-硫雜十一烷醇、3-硫雜十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、4-羥基甲基-1-膦-2,6,7-三氧雜雙環[2,2,2]辛烷及該等之混合物等。
(15)β-(3,5-二環己基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸與以下之一元或多元醇之酯之例
甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、新戊二醇、二乙二醇、硫代乙二醇、螺二醇、三乙二醇、季戊四醇、三(羥基乙基)異氰尿酸酯、N,N'-雙(羥基乙基)草醯胺、3-硫雜十一烷醇、3-硫雜十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、4-羥基甲基-1-膦-2,6,7-三氧雜雙環[2,2,2]辛烷及該等之混合物等。
(16)3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基酢酸與以下之一元或多元醇之酯之例
甲醇、乙醇、辛醇、十八烷醇、乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,9-壬二醇、新戊二醇、二乙二醇、硫代乙二醇、螺二醇、三乙二醇、季戊四醇、三(羥基乙基)異氰尿酸酯、N,N'-雙(羥基乙基)草醯胺、3-硫雜十一烷醇、3-硫雜十五烷醇、三甲基己二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、4-羥基甲基-1-膦-2,6,7-三氧雜雙環[2,2,2]辛烷及該等之混合物等。
(17)β-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸之醯胺之例
N,N'-雙[3-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯基)丙醯基]肼、N,N'-雙[3-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯基)丙醯基]六亞甲基二胺、N,N'-雙[3-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯基)丙醯基]三亞甲基二胺及該等之混合物
等。
作為硫系抗氧化劑,例如可列舉如下者。
二月桂基3,3'-硫代二丙酸酯、十三烷基3,3'-硫代二丙酸酯、二肉豆蔻基3,3'-硫代二丙酸酯、二硬脂基3,3'-硫代二丙酸酯、月桂基硬脂基3,3'-硫代二丙酸酯、新戊烷四基四(3-月桂基硫代丙酸酯)等。
作為磷系抗氧化劑,例如可列舉如下者。作為磷系抗氧化劑,可單獨使用以下之化合物,亦可組合使用2種以上。
亞磷酸三苯酯、亞磷酸三(壬基苯基)酯、亞磷酸三(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)酯、亞磷酸三月桂酯、亞磷酸三(十八烷基)酯、二硬脂基季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、二異癸基季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,6-二第三丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4,6-三第三丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、三硬酯基山梨醇三亞磷酸酯、四(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)-4,4'-聯伸苯基二亞膦酸酯、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)2-乙基己基亞磷酸酯、2,2'-亞乙基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)氟亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙基亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基-6-甲基苯基)甲基亞磷酸酯、2-(2,4,6-三第三丁基苯基)-5-乙基-5-丁基-1,3,2-氧磷雜環己烷、2,2',2"-次氮基[三乙基-三(3,3',5,5'-四第三丁基-1,1'-聯苯-2,2'-二基)亞磷酸酯、6-[3-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)丙氧基]-2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二氧雜磷雜環庚烯及該等之混合物等。
作為紫外線吸收劑,例如可列舉如下者。作為紫外線吸收劑,可單獨使用以下之化合物,亦可組合使用2種以上。
(1)水楊酸酯衍生物之例
苯基水楊酸酯、4-第三丁基苯基水楊酸酯、2,4-二第三丁基苯基3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯甲酸酯、4-第三辛基苯基水楊酸酯、雙(4-
第三丁基苯甲醯基)間苯二酚、苯甲醯基間苯二酚、十六烷基3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯甲酸酯、十八烷基3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯甲酸酯、2-甲基-4,6-二第三丁基苯基3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯甲酸酯及該等之混合物等。
(2)2-羥基二苯甲酮衍生物之例
2,4-二羥基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、雙(5-苯甲醯基-4-羥基-2-甲氧基苯基)甲烷、2,2',4,4'-四羥基二苯甲酮及該等之混合物等。
(3)2-(2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑之例
2-(2-羥基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5'-第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-5'-第三辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3-第三丁基-2-羥基-5-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-s-丁基-2'-羥基-5'-第三丁基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-4'-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二第三戊基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[2'-羥基-3',3'-雙(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]-2H-苯并三唑、2-[(3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)-5'-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[3'-第三丁基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]-2'-羥基苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[3'-第三丁基-3'-羥基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基-5-(2-辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基-5'-[2-(2-乙基己氧基)羰基乙基]苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-(3,4,5,6-四氫鄰苯二甲醯亞胺甲基)-5-甲基苯基]苯并三唑、2-(3,5-二第三丁基-2-羥基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-十二烷基-2'-羥基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑及2-[3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基-5'-(2-異辛氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑之混合物、2,2'-亞甲基雙[6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚、2,2'-亞甲基雙[4-第三丁基-6-(2H-苯并三唑
-2-基)苯酚]、聚(3~11)(乙二醇)與2-[3'-第三丁基-2'-羥基-5'-(2-甲氧基羰基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑之縮合物、聚(3~11)(乙二醇)與甲基3-[3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-5-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基]丙酸酯之縮合物、2-乙基己基3-[3-第三丁基-5-(5-氯-2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-羥基苯基]丙酸酯、辛基3-[3-第三丁基-5-(5-氯-2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-羥基苯基]丙酸酯、甲基3-[3-第三丁基-5-(5-氯-2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-羥基苯基]丙酸酯、3-[3-第三丁基-5-(5-氯-2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-羥基苯基]丙酸及該等之混合物等。
作為光穩定劑,例如可列舉如下者。作為光穩定劑,可單獨使用以下之化合物,亦可組合使用2種以上。
(1)受阻胺系光穩定劑之例
雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)琥珀酸酯、雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(N-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(N-苄氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(N-環己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)2-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)-2-丁基丙二酸酯、雙(1-丙烯醯基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)2,2-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)-2-丁基丙二酸酯、雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基甲基丙烯酸酯、4-[3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基]-1-[2-(3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基)乙基]-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、2-甲基-2-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)丙醯胺、四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、四(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶醇及1-十三烷醇之混合酯化物、
1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶醇及1-十三烷醇之混
合酯化物、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶醇及3,9-雙(2-羥基-1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5‧5]十一烷之混合酯化物、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶醇及3,9-雙(2-羥基-1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5‧5]十一烷之混合酯化物、丁二酸二甲酯與1-(2-羥基乙基)-4-羥基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶之縮聚物、聚[(6-嗎啉基-1,3,5-三-2,4-二基)((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)六亞甲基((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)]、聚[(6-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)亞胺基-1,3,5-三-2,4-二基((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)六亞甲基((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)]、N,N'-雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)六亞甲基二胺與1,2-二溴乙烷之縮聚物、N,N',4,7-四[4,6-雙(N-丁基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-1,3,5-三-2-基]-4,7-二氧雜癸烷-1,10二胺、N,N',4-三[4,6-雙(N-丁基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-1,3,5-三-2-基]-4,7-二氧雜癸烷-1,10-二胺、N,N',4,7-四[4,6-雙(N-丁基-N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-1,3,5-三-2-基]-4,7-二氧雜癸烷-1,10-二胺、N,N',4-三[4,6-雙(N-丁基-N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-1,3,5-三-2-基]-4,7-二氧雜癸烷-1,10-二胺及該等之混合物等。
(2)丙烯酸酯系光穩定劑之例
乙基α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸酯、異辛基α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸酯、甲基α-甲氧羰基肉桂酸酯、甲基α-氰基-β-甲基-對甲氧基肉桂酸酯、丁基α-氰基-β-甲基-對甲氧基肉桂酸酯、甲基α-甲氧羰基-對甲氧基肉桂酸酯及N-(β-甲氧羰基-β-氰基乙烯基)-2-甲基吲哚啉及該等之混合物等。
(3)鎳系光穩定劑之例
2,2'-硫代雙[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚]之鎳錯合物、鎳二丁基二硫代胺基甲酸酯、單烷基酯之鎳鹽、酮肟之鎳錯合物及該等之混合
物等。
(4)草醯胺系光穩定劑之例
4,4'-二辛氧基草醯替苯胺、2,2'-二乙氧基草醯替苯胺、2,2'-二辛氧基-5,5'-二第三丁基醯替苯胺、2,2'-二(十二烷氧基)-5,5'-二第三丁基醯替苯胺、2-乙氧基-2'-乙基草醯替苯胺、N,N'-雙(3-二甲基胺基丙基)草醯胺、2-乙氧基-5-第三丁基-2'-乙氧基醯替苯胺、2-乙氧基-5,4'-二第三丁基-2'-乙基草醯替苯胺及該等之混合物等。
(5)2-(2-羥基苯基)-1,3,5-三系光穩定劑之例
2,4,6-三(2-羥基-4-辛氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三、2-(2-羥基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三、2-[2,4-二羥基苯基-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基]-1,3,5-三、2,4-雙(2-羥基-4-丙氧基苯基)-6-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三、2-(2-羥基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-雙(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三、2-(2-羥基-4-十二烷氧基苯基)-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三、2-[2-羥基-4-(2-羥基-3-丁氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三、2-[2-羥基-4-(2-羥基-3-辛氧基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三及該等之混合物等。
作為金屬惰性化劑,例如可列舉如下者。
N,N'-二苯基草醯胺、N-水楊醯基-N'-水楊醯基肼、N,N'-雙(水楊醯基)肼、N,N'-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基丙醯基)肼、3-水楊醯基胺基-1,2,4-三唑、雙(亞苄基)草醯二醯肼、草醯替苯胺、異酞醯二醯肼、癸二醯基雙苯基醯肼、N,N'-雙(水楊醯基)草醯二醯肼、N,N'-雙(水楊醯基)硫代丙醯基二醯肼及該等之混合物等。
作為過氧化物清除劑,例如可列舉:β-硫代二丙酸之酯、巰基苯并咪唑、2-巰基苯并咪唑之鋅鹽、二丁基二硫代胺基甲酸之鋅鹽、二(十八烷基)二硫醚、季戊四醇四(β-十二烷基巰基)丙酸酯及該等之混合物等。
作為聚醯胺穩定劑,例如可列舉:碘化物或磷化物之銅或2價錳鹽及該等之混合物等。
作為羥基胺,例如可列舉:N,N-二苄基羥基胺、N,N-二乙基羥基胺、N,N-二辛基羥基胺、N,N-二月桂基羥基胺、N,N-二(十四烷基)羥基胺、N,N-二(十六烷基)羥基胺、N,N-二(十八烷基)羥基胺、N-十六烷基-N-十八烷基羥基胺、N-十七烷基-N-十八烷基羥基胺及該等之混合物等。
作為中和劑,例如可列舉:硬脂酸鈣、硬脂酸鋅、硬脂酸鎂、鋁碳酸鎂(鹼性鎂‧鋁‧羥基‧碳酸酯‧水合物)、三聚氰胺、胺、聚醯胺、聚胺基甲酸乙酯及該等之混合物等。
作為潤滑劑,例如可列舉:石蠟、蠟等脂肪族烴、碳數8~22之高級脂肪酸、碳數8~22之高級脂肪酸金屬(Al、Ca、Mg、Zn)鹽、碳數8~22之脂肪族醇、聚二醇、碳數4~22之高級脂肪酸與碳數4~18之脂肪族1價醇之酯、碳數8~22之高級脂肪族醯胺、聚矽氧油、松香衍生物等。
作為造核劑,例如可列舉如下者。鈉2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)磷酸酯、[磷酸-2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)]二氫氧基鋁、雙[磷酸-2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)]氫氧基鋁、三[磷酸-2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)]鋁、鈉雙(4-第三丁基苯基)磷酸酯、苯甲酸鈉等之苯甲酸金屬鹽、對第三丁基苯甲酸鋁、1,3:2,4-雙(O-亞苄基)山梨醇、1,3:2,4-雙(O-甲基亞苄基)山梨醇、1,3:2,4-雙(O-乙基亞苄基)山梨醇、1,3-O-3,4-二甲基亞苄基-2,4-O-亞苄基山梨醇、1,3-O-亞苄基-2,4-O-3,4-二甲基亞苄基山梨醇、1,3:2,4-雙(O-3,4-二甲基亞苄基)山梨醇、1,3-O-對氯亞苄基-2,4-O-3,4-二甲基亞苄基山梨醇、1,3-O-3,4-二甲基亞苄基-2,4-O-對氯亞苄基山梨醇、1,3:2,4-雙(O-對氯亞苄基)山梨醇及該等之混合物等。
作為填充劑,例如可列舉:碳酸鈣、矽酸鹽、玻璃纖維、石棉、滑石、高嶺土、雲母、硫酸鋇、碳黑、碳纖維、沸石及該等之混合物等。
該等添加劑中之可較佳地使用者係酚系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑、紫外線吸收劑、受阻胺系光穩定劑、過氧化物清除劑及中和劑。
作為尤其較佳之酚系抗氧化劑,可列舉以下之化合物。
2,6-二第三丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,4,6-三第三丁基苯酚、2,4-二辛基硫甲基-6-甲基苯酚、2,2'-硫代雙(6-第三丁基苯酚)、4,4'-硫代雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-乙基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙[4-甲基-6-(α-甲基環己基)苯酚)]、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-環己基苯酚)、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯酚)、2,2'-亞乙基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯酚)、4,4'-亞甲基雙(6-第三丁基-2-甲基苯酚)、4,4'-亞甲基雙(2,6-二第三丁基苯酚)、4,4'-亞丁基雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)、1,1-雙(4-羥基苯基)環己烷、1,1-雙(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、1,1,3-三(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-2-甲基苯基)丁烷、乙二醇雙[3,3-雙-3'-第三丁基-4'-羥基苯基)丁酸酯]、2-第三丁基-6-(3'-第三丁基-5'-甲基-2'-羥基苄基)-4-甲基苯基丙烯酸酯、2,4-二第三戊基-6-[1-(2-羥基-3,5-二第三戊基苯基)乙基]苯基丙烯酸酯、
2,4,6-三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-苯氧基)-1,3,5-三、三(4-第三丁基-3-羥基-2,6-二甲基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、三[2-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基肉桂醯氧基)乙基]異氰尿酸酯、二乙基-3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸酯、二正十八烷基-3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸酯、3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基膦酸單酯之鈣鹽、正十八烷基3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯、新戊烷四基四(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基肉桂酸酯)、硫代二伸乙基雙(3,5-
二第三丁基-4-羥基肉桂酸酯)、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)苯、3,6-二氧雜八亞甲基雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基肉桂酸酯)、六亞甲基雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基肉桂酸酯)、三乙二醇雙(5-第三丁基-4-羥基-3-甲基肉桂酸酯)、3,9-雙[2-(3-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)丙醯氧基)-1,1-二甲基乙基]-2,4,4,10-四氧雜螺[5‧5]十一烷、N,N'-雙[3-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯基)丙醯基]肼、N,N'-雙[3-(3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯基)丙醯基]六亞甲基二胺等。
又,作為尤其較佳之磷系抗氧化劑,可列舉以下之化合物。
三(壬基苯基)亞磷酸酯、三(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)亞磷酸酯、二硬脂基季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基-6-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,6-二第三丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、四(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)-4,4'-聯伸苯基二亞膦酸酯、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)2-乙基己基亞磷酸酯、2,2'-亞乙基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)氟亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基-6-甲基苯基)乙基亞磷酸酯、2-(2,4,6-三第三丁基苯基)-5-乙基-5-丁基-1,3,2-氧磷雜環己烷、2,2',2"-次氮基[三乙基-三(3,3',5,5'-四第三丁基-1,1'-聯苯-2,2'-二基)亞磷酸酯、6-[3-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)丙氧基]-2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二氧雜磷雜環庚烯等。
作為尤其較佳之紫外線吸收劑,可列舉以下之化合物。
苯基水楊酸酯、4-第三丁基苯基水楊酸酯、2,4-二第三丁基苯基3',5'-二第三丁基-4'-羥基苯甲酸酯、4-第三辛基苯基水楊酸酯、2,4-二羥基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、雙(5-苯甲醯基-4-羥基-2-甲氧基苯基)甲烷、2,2',4,4'-四羥基二苯甲酮、2-(2-羥基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5'-第三丁基-2'-羥
基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-5'-第三辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3-第三丁基-2-羥基-5-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3'-s-丁基-2'-羥基-5'-第三丁基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羥基-4'-辛氧基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二第三戊基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[2'-羥基-3',5'-雙(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]-2H-苯并三唑等。
作為尤其較佳之光穩定劑,可列舉以下之化合物。
雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(N-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(N-苄氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(N-環己氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)2-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)-2-丁基丙二酸酯、雙(1-丙烯醯基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)2,2-雙(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)-2-丁基丙二酸酯、雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)琥珀酸酯、2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基甲基丙烯酸酯、4-[3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基]-1-[2-(3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基)乙基]-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶、2-甲基-2-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)丙醯胺、四(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、
四(1,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶醇及1-十三烷醇之混合酯化物、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶醇及1-十三烷醇之混合酯化物、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶醇及3,9-雙(2-羥基-1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5‧5]十一烷之混合酯化物、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸與2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶醇及3,9-雙(2-羥基-1,1-二甲基乙基)-2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5‧5]十一烷之混合酯化物、丁二酸二甲酯與1-(2-羥基乙基)-4-羥基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶之縮聚物、聚[(6-嗎啉基-1,3,5-三-2,4-二基)((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)六亞甲基
((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)]、聚[(6-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-1,3,5-三-2,4-二基)((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)六亞甲基((2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基)]等。
能夠使用用於獲得均質混合物之公知之所有方法及裝置將式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物及/或視需要添加之其他添加劑添加於有機材料中。例如於有機材料為固體聚合物之情形時,能夠將本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物及/或視需要添加之其他添加劑直接乾摻於該固體聚合物中,或者亦可將亞磷酸酯化合物及/或視需要添加之其他添加劑以母料之形態添加於固體聚合物中。於有機材料為液狀聚合物之情形時,除上述添加方法以外,亦可將本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物及/或視需要添加之其他添加劑以溶液或分散液之形態調配於聚合過程中或剛聚合後之聚合物溶液中。另一方面,於有機材料為除固體聚合物以外之液體(例如油等)之情形時,除上述添加方法以外,亦可將本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物及/或視需要添加之其他添加劑直接添加於有機材料中而使其溶解,或者能夠將本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物及/或視需要添加之其他添加劑以溶解或懸濁之狀態添加於液狀介質中。
式(I)所表示之本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物作為以聚烯烴等熱塑性樹脂為代表之各種有機材料之穩定劑而具有優異之性能。添加有本發明之亞磷酸酯化合物之有機材料相對於製造時、加工時、進而使用時之熱劣化及氧化劣化等而較為穩定,成為高品質之製品。
以下,表示實施例,更詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並不受該等所限定。
1H-NMR之測定
裝置:bruker公司製造、AV-600 600MHz
測定溶劑:CDCl3
MFR之測定
MFR之測定係使用Techno Seven股份有限公司製造之「熔融指數測定儀L246-3537」於荷重2.16kg、190℃下進行。
合成例1:化合物1A之製造
於具備溫度計、攪拌裝置及冷卻管之燒瓶中,在氮氣氣流下添加丙烯酸乙酯50g、作為溶劑之1,4-二烷200ml及蒸餾水200ml。添加多聚甲醛14.95g、1,4-二氮雜雙環[2.2.2]辛烷5.6g,進而添加作為聚合禁止劑之對苯二酚並於室溫下攪拌6天。於40℃下使用蒸發器餾去作為反應溶劑之1,4-二烷。繼而,添加甲基-第三丁基醚100ml並振盪,進行3次稱為分液之萃取操作。利用水50ml對甲基-第三丁基醚層進行2次洗淨後,使用蒸發器餾去甲基-第三丁基醚而獲得粗產物64.9g。使用乙酸乙酯及己烷之混合溶劑(乙酸乙酯:己烷=10:90(容積比))並利用矽膠管柱進行純化而獲得化合物1A 35g。產率為43%。再次重複進行相同之操作而以41.5%之產率獲得目標物。
合成例2:化合物2A之製造
於加入合成例1中所獲得之化合物1A 20.0g之500ml燒瓶中,在室溫下添加二乙基醚150ml及觸媒量之對苯二酚。冷卻至0~-5℃後,滴加PBr3 5.2g。滴加結束後,解除冰浴並於室溫下攪拌20小時。於反應混合物中添加冰水50ml後,用水50ml進行3次洗淨。藉由添加無水硫酸鈉而對所獲得之二乙基醚溶液進行乾燥。於35℃下使用蒸發器自該溶液中餾去二乙基醚而獲得化合物2A 24g。再次重複
進行相同之操作而以70~80%之產率獲得目標物。
合成例3:化合物1B之製造
於加入2-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚25.0g之1L之燒瓶中,在室溫下添加二氯甲烷250ml。冷卻至0~-5℃,於室溫下緩緩添加24.35g溴後,解除冰浴並於室溫下攪拌10小時。於室溫下添加1M之硫酸鈉187.5ml,冷卻至0~-5℃並攪拌30分鐘。利用水250ml、食鹽水250ml對有機層進行洗淨後,藉由添加無水硫酸鈉而進行乾燥。利用蒸發器對所獲得之有機層進行濃縮而獲得化合物1B之粗產物36g。產率為98%。實施同樣之合成而獲得目標物145.0g。
合成例4:化合物2B之製造
於加入合成例3中所獲得之化合物1B 35.0g之1L之燒瓶中,在室溫下添加N,N-二甲基甲醯胺350ml。於室溫下添加碳酸鉀39.81g並攪拌15分鐘後,冷卻至0~-5℃。於室溫下緩緩添加碘化鉀40.46g,滴加結束後,在室溫下攪拌20小時。於反應混合物中添加冰水350ml並攪拌20分鐘後,利用乙酸乙酯400ml進行3次萃取。利用水400ml對所獲得之有機層進行4次洗淨並使用食鹽水400ml進行洗淨後,藉由添加無水硫酸鈉而進行乾燥。利用蒸發器對有機層進行濃縮而獲得粗
產物36.9g。使用乙酸乙酯及己烷之混合溶劑(乙酸乙酯:己烷=5:95(容積比))並利用矽膠管柱進行純化而獲得化合物2B 33.0g。重複進行合成而以產率78.1%獲得化合物2B 121g。
合成例5:化合物1C之製造
於500ml燒瓶中添加3.3g之鎂及觸媒量之碘。自室溫加熱至50℃並攪拌15分鐘。於室溫下添加四氫呋喃(以下,THF)30ml,繼而,添加使合成例2中所獲得之化合物2A 28.13g溶解於THF 70ml中之溶液5ml。加熱至60℃並攪拌20分鐘後,於室溫下緩緩添加剩餘之65ml,在60℃下對生成之格任亞試劑進行2小時攪拌並冷卻。
於500ml燒瓶中添加合成例4中所獲得之化合物2B 19.2g及THF 95ml。冷卻至-78~-80℃後,攪拌20分鐘,利用注射器滴加上述中所獲得之格任亞試劑。滴加結束後,於室溫下攪拌一晚。添加10%鹽酸100ml並於0~-5℃下攪拌20分鐘。利用蒸發器餾去THF後,使用乙酸乙酯350ml進行3次萃取。使用水300ml對有機層進行3次洗淨並使用食鹽水300ml進行1次洗淨後,藉由添加無水硫酸鈉而進行乾燥。利用蒸發器對有機層進行濃縮而獲得粗產物29.0g。使用乙酸乙酯及己烷之混合溶劑(乙酸乙酯:己烷=10:90(容積比))作為移動相並利用矽膠管柱進行純化而獲得化合物1C 18.0g。產率為65%。使用化合物2A 19.5g再次進行合成而獲得化合物1C。
[化12]
合成例6:化合物2C之製造
於2L之燒瓶中添加合成例5中所獲得之化合物1C 19.5g及二氯甲烷195ml,冷卻至-78~-80℃並攪拌30分鐘。繼而,滴加25%二異丁基氫化鋁-甲苯溶液343.78ml。滴加結束後,於室溫下攪拌一晚。確認反應結束後,冷卻至0~-5℃並滴加10%水-甲醇溶液100ml。進而,於室溫下添加二氯甲烷800ml並攪拌30分鐘。對溶液進行過濾,使用加熱之二氯甲烷400ml對殘渣進行3次洗淨。利用蒸發器對濾液進行濃縮而獲得化合物2C 13.5g。產率為85%。重複進行合成而以75.7%之產率獲得目標物。
實施例1:式(II-1)所表示之羥基化合物(2-第三丁基-4-(2-羥甲基-烯丙基)-6-甲基-苯酚)之製造
於能夠蓋封之250ml反應器中添加合成例6中所獲得之化合物2C 3g、硫化乙基鈉2當量、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺30ml並進行蓋封,在油浴中並於140℃下加熱2.5小時。使反應混合物恢復至室溫,添加乙酸乙酯50ml進行稀釋。利用10%之鹽酸水溶液50ml對所獲得之有機層進行洗淨,將有機層分離。繼而,利用食鹽水100ml對有機層進行洗
淨而完全去除N,N-二甲基甲醯胺。藉由添加無水硫酸鈉而對有機層進行乾燥,利用蒸發器進行濃縮。使用己烷及二氯甲烷之混合溶劑(己烷:二氯甲烷=30:70(容積比))並利用矽膠管柱進行純化而獲得目標物0.94g。產率為25%。反覆進行數次合成而以20~25%之產率獲得目標物。
1H-NMR(600MHz、CDCl3)
δ:6.95(d,4J=2.4Hz,1H-g)、6.82(d,4J=2.4Hz,1H-g)、5.09、4.90(s,2H-f)、4.67(s,1H-e)、4.05(s,2H-d)、3.30(s,2H-c)、2.22(s,3H-b)、1.40(s,9H-a)
實施例2:式(I-1)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物:2-第三丁基-6-甲基-4-(2-{[(2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二惡磷環庚烷-6-基)氧基]甲基}丙-2-烯-1-基)苯酚之製造
於加入2,2’-二羥基-3,3’,5,5’-四第三丁基聯苯基4.8g及二甲苯48ml之500ml燒瓶中,在室溫下添加三氯化磷1.76g。於50℃下攪拌30分鐘後,在室溫緩緩滴加N,N-二異丙基乙基胺30ml,加熱至55℃並於55℃下攪拌1小時。冷卻至室溫,進而添加N,N-二異丙基乙基胺30ml並攪拌25分鐘。使實施例1中所獲得之羥基化合物3g溶解於二甲苯48ml中,在室溫~55℃之溫度將其滴加至上述500ml燒瓶中。繼而,加熱至80℃並攪拌12小時。利用薄層層析法(作為移動相之乙酸乙酯:己烷=5:95)確認反應結束後,冷卻至室溫並添加乙酸乙酯
100ml,利用水150ml進行3次洗淨。將有機層分離後,藉由添加無水硫酸鈉而進行乾燥。利用蒸發器對所獲得之有機層進行濃縮而獲得粗產物8.1g。使用乙酸乙酯:己烷=5:95(容積比)之混合溶劑並利用矽膠管柱進行純化而獲得白色晶體5.2g。產率為69%。反覆進行數次合成而以65~69%之產率獲得目標物。
1H-NMR(600MHz、CDCl3)
δ:7.41(d,4J=2.3Hz,2H,Ar-H,(l))、7.15(d,4J=2.3Hz,2H,Ar-H,(k))、6.86(d,4J=2.3Hz,1H,Ar-H,(j))、6.71(d,4J=2.3Hz,1H,Ar-H,(i))、5.00、4.82(s,2H,CH2,(h))、4.60(s,1H,OH,(g))、4.13(d,3J=7.5Hz,2H,OCH2,(f))、3.19(s,2H,Ar-CH2,(e))、2.15(s,3H,Ar-Me,(m))、1.46(s,18H,t-Bu,(c))、1.35(s,27H,t-Bu,(a,b))
實施例3
於聚乙烯(LLDPE)(住友化學股份有限公司製造GA401)之顆粒100質量份中添加以與實施例2相同之方式獲得之亞磷酸酯化合物0.10質量份及硬脂酸鈣0.05質量份並進行乾摻。繼而,使用單軸擠出機於190℃下對所獲得之摻合物進行造粒而獲得顆粒。其後,反覆進行5次如下操作:將顆粒再次加入至單軸擠出機中並於230℃下進行擠出。測定進行230℃下之擠出前(0次)及1次、3次、5次之擠出操作後之顆
粒之MFR值。於表1中,表示5次擠出操作後之MFR值及0次與5次之MFR值之比(5次/0次)。此處,已知聚乙烯因擠出而進行交聯並劣化。該現象能夠視為MFR值之下降。因此,即便反覆進行擠出操作亦可維持MFR值不下降之情形表示抑制聚乙烯之交聯且聚乙烯之加工穩定性較高。
比較例1
於聚乙烯之顆粒中不添加式(I-1)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物,除此以外,以與實施例3相同之方式測定聚乙烯之MFR。將所獲得之結果示於表1。
比較例2
於聚乙烯之顆粒100質量份中,代替式(I-1)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物而添加6-[3-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)丙氧基]-2,4,8,10-四第三丁基二苯[d,f][1,3,2]二氧雜磷雜環庚烯(住友化學股份有限公司製造之Sumilizer(註冊商標)GP)0.10質量份,除此以外,以與實施例3相同之方式測定聚乙烯之MFR。將所獲得之結果示於表1。
實施例4
於聚丙烯(Homo-PP)(住友化學股份有限公司製造HS200)之粉末100質量份中添加以與實施例2相同之方式獲得之亞磷酸酯化合物0.10質量份及硬脂酸鈣0.05質量份並進行乾摻。繼而,使用單軸擠出機於230℃下對所獲得之摻合物進行造粒而獲得顆粒並測定MFR值。於表2中,表示MFR值。此處,已知聚丙烯因擠出而分解並劣化。該現象能
夠視為MFR值之上升。因此,MFR值較低之情形表示抑制聚丙烯分解且聚丙烯之加工穩定性較高。
比較例3
於聚丙烯之粉末中不添加式(I-1)所表示之亞磷酸酯化合物,除此以外,以與實施例4相同之方式測定聚丙烯之MFR。將所獲得之結果示於表2。
Claims (12)
- 一種亞磷酸酯化合物,其以下述式(I)表示,
- 一種羥基化合物,其以下述式(II)表示,
- 一種如請求項1之亞磷酸酯化合物之製造方法,其係使上述式(II)所表示之羥基化合物、式(III)所表示之雙酚化合物及三鹵化磷進行反應,[化3]
- 一種有機材料用穩定劑,其含有如請求項1之亞磷酸酯化合物。
- 如請求項4之穩定劑,其中有機材料為熱塑性樹脂。
- 如請求項5之穩定劑,其中熱塑性樹脂為聚烯烴或工程塑膠。
- 一種有機材料之穩定化方法,其係於有機材料中添加如請求項1之亞磷酸酯化合物。
- 如請求項7之穩定化方法,其中有機材料為熱塑性樹脂。
- 如請求項8之穩定化方法,其中熱塑性樹脂為聚烯烴或工程塑膠。
- 一種穩定化有機材料組合物,其包含有機材料及如請求項1之亞磷酸酯化合物。
- 如請求項10之組合物,其中有機材料為熱塑性樹脂。
- 如請求項11之組合物,其中熱塑性樹脂為聚烯烴或工程塑膠。
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