TW201627509A - 高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法 - Google Patents

高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法 Download PDF

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TW201627509A
TW201627509A TW104103334A TW104103334A TW201627509A TW 201627509 A TW201627509 A TW 201627509A TW 104103334 A TW104103334 A TW 104103334A TW 104103334 A TW104103334 A TW 104103334A TW 201627509 A TW201627509 A TW 201627509A
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strength
steel
alloy steel
iron
annealing
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Zhi-Pu Zhang
zhi-qing Chen
zhi-hong Ou
Rui-Fan Tu
guo-zheng Yang
Long-Ren Jiang
ming-qin Cai
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China Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling

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Abstract

本發明係關於一種高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，該方法包括以下步驟：(a)提供一合金鋼材，該合金鋼材之組成包括3-8wt%錳、2-4wt%鋁、0.1-2wt%矽、0.3-0.8wt%碳及其餘之鐵與不可避免之雜質；(b)熱軋該合金鋼材，以使該合金鋼材之顯微組織包含沃斯田鐵、變韌鐵及麻田散鐵；(c)對熱軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以使該合金鋼材之變韌鐵與麻田散鐵組織分解成肥粒鐵與沃斯田鐵組織；(d)冷軋退火後之該合金鋼材；以及(e)對冷軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以製得具有50至70%殘餘沃斯田鐵相之高強度高延展性鋼材。

Description

高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法
本發明係關於一種鋼材之製造方法，特別係關於一種高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法。
近年來為因應節能減碳的需求，汽車工業界致力於減輕車體之重量，以降低油耗達到節能減碳的目的。
習知減輕車體重量之有效途徑是薄化車體用鋼板之厚度，然而在薄化鋼板之厚度時，卻又不能犧牲車體之安全性，因此，車用鋼板的強度及延展性勢必要進一步提升。
過去幾年鋼鐵業發展出所謂第一代(1st generation)及第二代(2nd generation)高強度車用鋼板鋼材(advanced high strength steel,AHSS)。第一代高強度車用鋼板鋼材主要是指相變誘導塑性鋼(TRIP steels)，其拉伸強度約在600至1000MPa之間，而延伸率則在20至40%之間，強延積(即拉伸強度與延伸率的乘積)小於20GPa%。由於相變誘導塑性鋼的拉伸強度與延伸率低於汽車工業界的需求，於是有第二代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之開發。
第二代高強度車用鋼板鋼材主要是指孿晶誘導塑性鋼(TWIP steels)，屬於高錳合金鋼，其錳含量約在20-30wt%之間。孿晶誘導塑性鋼有極佳之強度，其拉伸強度約在600至1100MPa之間，而延伸率可維持在60至95%之間，以致強延積可高達60GPa%。雖然孿晶誘導塑性鋼已發展近10年，但卻仍未能被汽車工業界所接受的主因是其所 需錳含量太高，不符合商業成本考量。
綜上所述，由於第一代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之強延積過低無法滿足車用鋼板性質需求及第二代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之錳合金用量太高無法滿足商業需求，因此，汽車工業界已轉向第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之開發。
參閱圖1，其係顯示第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之性質目標區坐落範圍圖。如圖1所示，第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之強延積約在30至50GPa%的範圍。
然而，由於汽車工業界對於第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之製造方法尚處開發階段。因此，有必要提供一創新且具進步性之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，以製作出符合或優於第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材性質需求之鋼材。
本發明提供一種高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，包括以下步驟：(a)提供一合金鋼材，該合金鋼材之組成包括3-8wt%錳、2-4wt%鋁、0.1-2wt%矽、0.3-0.8wt%碳及其餘之鐵與不可避免之雜質；(b)熱軋該合金鋼材，以使該合金鋼材之顯微組織包含沃斯田鐵、變韌鐵及麻田散鐵；(c)對熱軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以使該合金鋼材之變韌鐵與麻田散鐵組織分解成肥粒鐵與沃斯田鐵組織；(d)冷軋退火後之該合金鋼材；以及(e)對冷軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以製得具有50至70%殘餘沃斯田鐵相之高強度高延展性鋼材。
本發明利用鋼材合金設計、軋延控制及退火處理，可製作出拉伸強度1108MPa、延伸率62%及強延積為69GPa%之高強度高延展性鋼材，且鋼材之性質明顯優於第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之性質需求。
為了能夠更清楚瞭解本發明的技術手段，而可依照說明書的內 容予以實施，並且為了讓本發明所述目的、特徵和優點能夠更明顯易懂，以下特舉較佳實施例，並配合附圖，詳細說明如下。
S21~S25‧‧‧步驟
圖1顯示第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之性質目標區坐落範圍圖；圖2顯示本發明高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法流程圖；及圖3顯示發明例5之鋼材拉伸強度-延伸率曲線圖。
圖2顯示本發明高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法流程圖。參閱圖2之步驟S21，提供一合金鋼材，該合金鋼材之組成包括3-8wt%錳、2-4wt%鋁、0.1-2wt%矽、0.3-0.8wt%碳及其餘之鐵與不可避免之雜質。
參閱步驟S22，熱軋該合金鋼材，以使該合金鋼材之顯微組織包含沃斯田鐵、變韌鐵及麻田散鐵。較佳地，熱軋完軋溫度大於等於850℃。
參閱步驟S23，對熱軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以使該合金鋼材之變韌鐵與麻田散鐵組織分解成肥粒鐵與沃斯田鐵組織。較佳地，退火溫度為650至750℃，而退火時間為30至120分鐘。
在本實施例中，經由退火處理可使該合金鋼材擁有接近等軸的極細晶肥粒鐵，其有助於鋼材之均勻變形及拉伸強度的提升。
參閱步驟S24，冷軋退火後之該合金鋼材。較佳地，冷軋裁減率為25至50%。
參閱步驟S25，對冷軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以製得具有50至70%殘餘沃斯田鐵相之高強度高延展性鋼材。較佳地，退火溫度為650至750℃，而退火時間為30至120分鐘。此外，該高強度高延展性鋼材之拉伸強度(TS)與延伸率(El)滿足以下關係式：TS[MPa]=700+(M×30)+{50/(CR%×100)}+(730-T)
El[%]=30+(CR%×0.6)+{[(t/30)-1]×10}-|700-T|×0.5 其中M為錳含量(wt%)，CR%為冷軋裁減率，T為退火溫度(℃)，t為退火時間(分鐘)。
茲以下列實例予以詳細說明本發明，唯並不意謂本發明僅侷限於此等實例所揭示之內容。
參閱表1，其係列示發明例1~5與比較例1~2之鋼材實驗結果。比較例1~2之冷軋裁減率為0%，退火溫度為700℃，而退火時間分別為30分鐘與60分鐘。發明例1~3之冷軋裁減率為25%，退火時間為30分鐘，而退火溫度分別為650℃、700℃與730℃。發明例4~5之冷軋裁減率為50%，退火時間為30分鐘，而退火溫度分別為675℃與700℃。
表1之結果顯示比較例1~2之拉伸強度(TS)皆未達1000MPa，而發明例1~5之拉伸強度(TS)皆高於1000MPa。
參閱圖3，其係顯示發明例5之鋼材拉伸強度-延伸率曲線圖。圖3及表1之結果顯示發明例5之鋼材延伸率(El)高達62%，且其強延積亦高達69GPa%，明顯優於第三代高強度車用鋼板鋼材之性質需求。
上述實驗結果證明本發明利用鋼材合金設計、軋延控制及退火處理，確實可製作出高拉伸強度、高延伸率及高強延積之鋼材。
上述實施例僅為說明本發明之原理及其功效，並非限制本發明，因此習於此技術之人士對上述實施例進行修改及變化仍不脫本發明之精神。本發明之權利範圍應如後述之申請專利範圍所列。
S21~S25‧‧‧步驟

Claims (8)

  1. 一種高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，包括以下步驟：(a)提供一合金鋼材，該合金鋼材之組成包括3-8wt%錳、2-4wt%鋁、0.1-2wt%矽、0.3-0.8wt%碳及其餘之鐵與不可避免之雜質；(b)熱軋該合金鋼材，以使該合金鋼材之顯微組織包含沃斯田鐵、變韌鐵及麻田散鐵；(c)對熱軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以使該合金鋼材之變韌鐵與麻田散鐵組織分解成肥粒鐵與沃斯田鐵組織；(d)冷軋退火後之該合金鋼材；以及(e)對冷軋後之該合金鋼材進行退火處理，以製得具有50至70%殘餘沃斯田鐵相之高強度高延展性鋼材。
  2. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，其中步驟(b)之熱軋完軋溫度大於等於850℃。
  3. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，其中步驟(c)之退火溫度為650至750℃。
  4. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，其中步驟(c)之退火時間為30至120分鐘。
  5. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，其中步驟(d)之冷軋裁減率為25至50%。
  6. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，其中步驟(e)之退火溫度為650至750℃。
  7. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法，其中步驟(e)之退火時間為30至120分鐘。
  8. 如請求項1之高強度高延展性鋼材之製造方法， 其中步驟(e)之高強度高延展性鋼材之拉伸強度(TS)與延伸率(El)滿足以下關係式：TS[MPa]=700+(M×30)+{50/(CR%×100)}+(730-T) El[%]=30+(CR%×0.6)+{[(t/30)-1]×10}-|700-T|×0.5其中M為錳含量(wt%)，CR%為冷軋裁減率，T為退火溫度(℃)，t為退火時間(分鐘)。
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JP2015057225A JP2016141888A (ja) 2015-01-30 2015-03-20 高強度高延性鋼板の製造方法
US14/796,318 US10047418B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2015-07-10 Method for manufacturing high-strength and high-ductility steel

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