TW201522336A - 使用氮雜雙環化合物之癌併用療法 - Google Patents
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- TW201522336A TW201522336A TW103133802A TW103133802A TW201522336A TW 201522336 A TW201522336 A TW 201522336A TW 103133802 A TW103133802 A TW 103133802A TW 103133802 A TW103133802 A TW 103133802A TW 201522336 A TW201522336 A TW 201522336A
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Abstract
本發明提供一種使用表現出顯著優異之抗腫瘤效果且副作用較小之HSP90抑制劑的新穎之癌治療方法。
本發明之抗腫瘤劑之特徵在於:併用投予下述通式(1)所表示之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑。
□
Description
本發明係關於一種將氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑組合而成之抗腫瘤劑、及其他抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果增強劑。
被稱為分子伴侶(molecular chaperone)之一群蛋白質會促進其他蛋白質之功能性結構形成或保持該功能性結構,促進適當之聚集,抑制不必要之凝集,加以保護以免產生分解,促進分泌等,多面性地發揮功能(非專利文獻1)。HSP90(heat shock protein 90,熱休克蛋白90)為豐富地存在約占1~2%之細胞內總可溶性蛋白之分子伴侶,不同於其他伴侶蛋白,於大部分多肽之生物合成中並非所需(非專利文獻1)。作為與HSP90相互作用而控制其結構形成或穩定性之主要客戶蛋白,已知有訊號傳遞相關因子(例如ERBB1/EGFR、ERBB2/HER2、MET、IGF1R、KDR/VEGFR、FLT3、ZAP70、KIT、CHUK/IKK、BRAF、RAF1、SRC、AKT)、細胞週期控制因子(例如CDK4、CDK6、Cyclin(週期蛋白)D、PLK1、BIRC5)、轉錄控制因子(例如HIF-1α、p53、雄激素受體(androgen receptor)、雌激素受體(estrogen receptor)、孕酮受體(progesterone receptor))(非專利文獻2、3)。HSP90維持該等蛋白質之正常功能,因而與細胞之增殖、存活密切相關。進而,引起癌化或癌症惡化之突變型或嵌合型因子(例如BCR-ABL、NPM-ALK)由於其正常活動需要HSP90,故而尤其係於癌化-癌之生存-增殖-惡化-轉移等過程中顯示出HSP90之重要性(非專利文獻
2)。
若利用膠達納黴素(geldanamycin)等特異性抑制劑對HSP90之伴侶功能加以抑制,則引起客戶蛋白之鈍性化、不穩定化及分解,其結果誘導細胞停止增殖或凋亡(非專利文獻4)。於HSP90之生理功能方面,HSP90抑制劑具有可同時抑制與癌之生存、增殖有關之複數個訊號傳遞路徑的特徵,因此HSP90抑制劑可成為具有廣泛且有效之抗癌作用的藥劑。又,源自癌細胞之HSP90與源自正常細胞之HSP90相比其活性較高,對ATP(Adenosine triphosphate,腺(核)苷三磷酸)或抑制劑之親和性較高,基於該見解,期待HSP90抑制劑成為癌選擇性較高之藥劑(非專利文獻5)。目前,正對作為抗癌劑之複數種HSP90抑制劑進行臨床開發,關於最先開發之Ganetespib,不僅開發單劑,亦實施與多西他賽(docetaxel)等其他抗腫瘤劑之併用試驗(非專利文獻6)。
進而,關於新型HSP90抑制劑亦有報告(專利文獻1),要求抗腫瘤效果更高且副作用更小之HSP90抑制劑。
[專利文獻1]國際公開第2011/004610號
[非專利文獻1]Nature Reviews Cancer 5,761 - 772 (2005)
[非專利文獻2]TRENDS in Molecular Medicine 6,17 - 27 (2004)
[非專利文獻3]Clin Can Res 15,9 - 14 (2009)
[非專利文獻4]Current Opinion in Pharmacology 8,370 - 374 (2008)
[非專利文獻5]Drug Resistance Updates 12,17 - 27 (2009)
[非專利文獻6]Invest New Drugs. 30 (6):2201 - 9 (2012)
本發明之課題在於提供一種抗腫瘤效果較高且副作用較小之HSP90抑制劑的使用方法。
本發明者鑒於上述現狀,對各種HSP90抑制劑與其他抗腫瘤劑之併用進行研究,結果發現,具有HSP90抑制作用之氮雜雙環化合物使作用機理不同之非常廣泛之抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果顯著增強。
即,本發明係提供以下[1]~[36]。
[1]一種抗腫瘤劑,其特徵在於:併用投予下述通式(I)所表示之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑,
(式中,X1表示CH或N;X2、X3及X4中之任一者為N,其餘表示CH;Y1、Y2、Y3及Y4中之任一者或任兩者為C-R4,其餘相同或不同,表示CH或N;R1表示可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基;R2表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基或可具有取代基之碳數2~6之烯基;
R3表示氰基或-CO-R5;R4相同或不同,表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數2~6之烯基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、芳香族烴基、-N(R6)(R7)、-S-R8或-CO-R9;R5表示可具有羥基之胺基、或者可具有取代基之單或二烷基胺基;R6及R7相同或不同,表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之鹵代烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之芳烷基、可具有取代基之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之飽和雜環基或可具有取代基之不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7亦可同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成飽和雜環基;R8表示可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、或可具有取代基之芳香族烴基;R9表示氫原子、羥基、可具有羥基之胺基、或者可具有取代基之單或二烷基胺基)。
[2]如[1]之抗腫瘤劑,其中氮雜雙環化合物為如下化合物:於通式(I)中,X1為CH或N;X2為N,X3及X4為CH;Y1及Y3為CH,Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4,另一者為CH;R1為可具有取代基之1H-咪唑-1-基、可具有取代基之吡唑-4-基、可具有取代基之噻吩-3-基、可具有取代基之呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-3-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-4-基、可具有取代基之吲哚-5-基、可具有取代基之1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、可具有取代基之苯并呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之喹啉-3-基、可具有取代基之5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基中之任一者;R2為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6之烷基或碳數2~6之烯基;
R3為-CO-R5;R4為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9;R5為胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基;R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基、或可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基;R8為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基;R9為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。
[3]如[1]或[2]之抗腫瘤劑,其中氮雜雙環化合物為3-乙基-4-{3-異丙基-4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-1-基}苯甲醯胺。
[4]如[1]至[3]中任一項之抗腫瘤劑,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自抗腫瘤性抗生素、鉑製劑、嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑、嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑、葉酸代謝拮抗劑、植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑、免疫調節藥及低分子分子靶向藥中之1種以上。
[5]如[1]至[4]中任一項之抗腫瘤劑,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼及克唑替尼中之
一種以上。
[6]如[1]至[5]中任一項之抗腫瘤劑,其特徵在於:向癌患者同時投予或隔開間隔地分別投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑。
[7]一種抗腫瘤效果增強劑,其係含有氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽之其他抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果增強劑,且氮雜雙環化合物為下述通式(I)所表示之化合物:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4、R1~R3與上述相同)。
[8]一種抗腫瘤劑,其係用以治療已投予其他抗腫瘤劑之癌患者之含有氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽者,且氮雜雙環化合物為下述通式(I)所表示者:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4、R1~R3與上述相同)。
[9]一種抗腫瘤劑,其係將氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑進行組合而成者,且氮雜雙環化合物為下述通式(I)所表示者:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4、R1~R3與上述相同)。
[10]一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽,其係用以與其他抗腫瘤劑併用投予而治療腫瘤,且以下述通式(I)表示:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4、R1~R3與上述相同)。
[11]如[10]之化合物或其鹽,其中氮雜雙環化合物係如下化合物:於通式(I)中,
X1為CH或N;X2為N,X3及X4為CH;Y1及Y3為CH,Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4,另一者為CH;R1為可具有取代基之1H-咪唑-1-基、可具有取代基之吡唑-4-基、可具有取代基之噻吩-3-基、可具有取代基之呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-3-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-4-基、可具有取代基之吲哚-5-基、可具有取代基之1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、可具有取代基之苯并呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之喹啉-3-基、可具有取代基之5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基中之任一者;R2為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6之烷基或碳數2~6之烯基;R3為-CO-R5;R4為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9;R5為胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基;R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基、或可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基;R8為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基;R9為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。
[12]如[10]或[11]之化合物或其鹽,其中氮雜雙環化合物為3-乙基
-4-{3-異丙基-4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-1-基}苯甲醯胺。
[13]如[10]至[12]中任一項之化合物或其鹽,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自抗腫瘤性抗生素、鉑製劑、嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑、嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑、葉酸代謝拮抗劑、植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑、免疫調節藥及低分子分子靶向藥中之1種以上。
[14]如[10]至[13]中任一項之化合物或其鹽,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼及克唑替尼中之一種以上。
[15]如[10]至[14]中任一項之化合物或其鹽,其特徵在於:向癌患者同時投予或隔開間隔地分別投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑。
[16]一種化合物或其鹽,其係用以增強其他抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果,且以下述通式(I)表示:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[17]一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽,其係用以治療已投予其他抗腫
瘤劑之癌患者,且以下述通式(I)表示:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[18]一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽,其係用以與其他抗腫瘤劑進行組合而治療腫瘤,且以下述通式(I)表示:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[19]一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造與其他抗腫瘤劑併用投予之抗腫瘤劑,該氮雜雙環化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:[化9]
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[20]如[19]之用途,其中氮雜雙環化合物為如下化合物:於通式(I)中,X1為CH或N;X2為N,X3及X4為CH;Y1及Y3為CH,Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4,另一者為CH;R1為可具有取代基之1H-咪唑-1-基、可具有取代基之吡唑-4-基、可具有取代基之噻吩-3-基、可具有取代基之呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-3-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-4-基、可具有取代基之吲哚-5-基、可具有取代基之1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、可具有取代基之苯并呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之喹啉-3-基、可具有取代基之5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基中之任一者;R2為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6之烷基或碳數2~6之烯基;R3為-CO-R5;R4為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9;R5為胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基;R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之
碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基、或可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基;R8為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基;R9為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。
[21]如[19]或[20]之用途,其中氮雜雙環化合物為3-乙基-4-{3-異丙基-4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-1-基}苯甲醯胺。
[22]如[19]至[21]中任一項之用途,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自抗腫瘤性抗生素、鉑製劑、嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑、嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑、葉酸代謝拮抗劑、植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑、免疫調節藥及低分子分子靶向藥中之1種以上。
[23]如[19]至[22]中任一項之用途,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼及克唑替尼中之一種以上。
[24]如[19]至[23]中任一項之用途,其特徵在於:向癌患者同時投予或隔開間隔地分別投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑。
[25]一種化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造其他抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果增強劑,該化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:[化10]
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[26]一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以治療已投予其他抗腫瘤劑之癌患者之抗腫瘤劑,該氮雜雙環化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[27]一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽,其係用於製造與其他抗腫瘤劑組合而成之抗腫瘤劑,該氮雜雙環化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:[化12]
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[28]一種腫瘤之治療方法,其特徵在於:將下述通式(I)所表示之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑併用投予,
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[29]如[28]之治療方法,其中氮雜雙環化合物為如下化合物:於通式(I)中,X1為CH或N;X2為N,X3及X4為CH;Y1及Y3為CH,Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4,另一者為CH;R1為可具有取代基之1H-咪唑-1-基、可具有取代基之吡唑-4-基、可具有取代基之噻吩-3-基、可具有取代基之呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-3-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-4-基、可具有取代基之吲哚-5-
基、可具有取代基之1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、可具有取代基之苯并呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之喹啉-3-基、可具有取代基之5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基中之任一者;R2為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6之烷基或碳數2~6之烯基;R3為-CO-R5;R4為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9;R5為胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基;R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基、或可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基;R8為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基;R9為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。
[30]如[28]之治療方法,其中氮雜雙環化合物為3-乙基-4-{3-異丙基-4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-1-基}苯甲醯胺。
[31]如[28]之治療方法,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自抗腫瘤性抗生素、鉑製劑、嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑、嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑、葉酸代謝拮抗劑、植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑、免疫調節藥及低分子分子靶向藥中之1種以上。
[32]如[28]之治療方法,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼及克唑替尼中之一種以上。
[33]如[28]至[32]中任一項之治療方法,其特徵在於:向癌患者同時投予或隔開間隔地分別投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑。
[34]一種抗腫瘤效果增強方法,其係特徵在於投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽的其他抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果增強方法,且氮雜雙環化合物為下述通式(I)所表示之化合物:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[35]一種治療方法,其係特徵在於向已投予其他抗腫瘤劑之癌患者投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽的腫瘤之治療方法,且氮雜雙環化合物為下述通式(I)所表示者:[化15]
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
[36]一種治療方法,其係特徵在於將氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑組合投予的腫瘤之治療方法,且氮雜雙環化合物為下述通式(I)所表示者:
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4及R1~R3與上述相同)。
根據本發明之抗腫瘤劑,可進行抑制產生副作用並且發揮較高抗腫瘤效果之癌治療,因此可使癌患者長期存活。
圖1表示化合物1及多西他賽之組合針對人類非小細胞肺癌株NCI-H2170之腫瘤增殖速度的效果。
圖2表示化合物1及紫杉醇之組合針對人類非小細胞肺癌株NCI-
H441之腫瘤增殖速度的效果。
圖3表示化合物1及順鉑之組合針對人類胃癌株NCI-N87之腫瘤增殖速度的效果。
圖4表示化合物1及氨柔比星之組合針對人類小細胞肺癌株SBC-1之腫瘤增殖速度的效果。
於本發明中,帶來與其他抗腫瘤劑之優異之協同作用的HSP90抑制劑為下述通式(I)所表示之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽。
(式中,X1~X4、Y1~Y4、R1~R3與上述相同)
於本案說明書中,作為「取代基」,例如可列舉:鹵素原子、羥基、氰基、硝基、烷基、鹵代烷基、環烷基、環烷基-烷基、芳烷基、羥基烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、鹵代烷氧基、烷氧基-烷基、環烷氧基、環烷基-烷氧基、芳烷氧基、芳烷氧基-烷基、烷硫基、環烷基-烷硫基、胺基、單或二烷基胺基、環烷基-烷基胺基、醯基、醯氧基、側氧基、羧基、烷氧基羰基、芳烷氧基羰基、胺甲醯基、飽和或不飽和雜環基、芳香族烴基、飽和雜環氧基等,於存在上述取代基之情形時,其個數典型而言為1~3個。
於上述取代基中,作為鹵素原子,可列舉:氯原子、溴原子、
氟原子、碘原子。
於上述取代基中,作為烷基、鹵代烷基,較佳地表示碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷基或該等烷基之1個~全部氫原子被取代為上述鹵素原子之基,可列舉:甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基等烷基,三氟甲基等鹵代烷基。
於上述取代基中,作為環烷基,較佳為碳數3~7之環烷基,可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基。
於上述取代基中,作為環烷基-烷基,較佳為經碳數3~7之環烷基取代的碳數1~6之烷基,可列舉:環丙基甲基、環丙基乙基、環丁基甲基、環戊基甲基、環己基甲基等。
於上述取代基中,作為芳烷基,較佳地表示經碳數6~14之芳香族烴基取代的碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷基,可列舉:苄基、苯基乙基、苯基丙基、萘基甲基、萘基乙基等。
於上述取代基中,作為羥基烷基,較佳地表示具有羥基之上述碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷基,可列舉:羥基甲基、羥基乙基等。
於上述取代基中,作為烯基,表示包含碳-碳雙鍵之較佳為碳數2~6之烯基,可列舉:乙烯基、烯丙基、甲基乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基等。
於上述取代基中,作為炔基,表示包含碳-碳三鍵之較佳為碳數2~6之炔基,可列舉:乙炔基、炔丙基等。
於上述取代基中,作為烷氧基、鹵代烷氧基,較佳地表示碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷氧基、或該等烷氧基經上述鹵素原子取代之基,可列舉:甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、1-甲基丙氧基、正丁氧基、異丁氧基、第三丁氧基、2-甲基-丁氧基、新戊氧基、戊烷-2-基-氧基、氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、1,1-二
氟乙氧基、2,2-二氟乙氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基、全氟乙氧基、3-氟-2-(氟甲基)-丙氧基、1,3-二氟丙烷-2-基-氧基、2,2,3,3,3-五氟-1-丙氧基等。
於上述取代基中,作為環烷氧基,較佳為碳數3~7之環烷氧基,可列舉:環丙氧基、環丁氧基、環戊氧基、環己氧基、環庚氧基。
於上述取代基中,作為烷氧基-烷基,較佳地表示經上述碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷氧基取代的上述碳數1~6之烷基,可列舉:甲氧基甲基、乙氧基甲基等。
於上述取代基中,作為環烷基-烷氧基,較佳為經碳數3~7之環烷基取代的碳數1~6之烷氧基,可列舉:環丙基甲氧基、環丙基乙氧基、環丁基甲氧基、環戊基甲氧基、環己基甲氧基等。
於上述取代基中,作為芳烷氧基,較佳地表示具有上述芳烷基之氧基,可列舉:苄氧基、苯乙氧基、苯基丙基氧基、萘基甲基氧基、萘基乙基氧基等。
於上述取代基中,作為芳烷氧基-烷基,較佳地表示具有上述芳烷氧基之上述碳數1~6之直鏈或具有分枝之烷基,可列舉:苄氧基甲基、苄氧基乙基等。
於上述取代基中,作為烷硫基,較佳為表示碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷硫基之(碳數1~6)烷硫基,可列舉:甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、異丙硫基、正丁硫基、異丁硫基、第二丁硫基、第三丁硫基、戊硫基、己硫基等。
於上述取代基中,作為環烷基-烷硫基,較佳為經碳數3~7之環烷基取代的碳數1~6之烷硫基,可列舉:環丙基甲硫基、環丙基乙硫基、環丁基甲硫基、環戊基甲硫基、環己基甲硫基等。
於上述取代基中,作為單或二烷基胺基,為表示經上述碳數1~
6之直鏈或具有分枝之烷基單取代或二取代的胺基之單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基,可列舉:甲基胺基、二甲基胺基、乙基胺基、二乙基胺基、甲基乙基胺基等。
於上述取代基中,作為環烷基-烷基胺基,表示經上述環烷基取代之烷基胺基,可列舉:環丙基甲基胺基、環丁基甲基胺基、環戊基甲基胺基等。
於上述取代基中,作為醯基,可列舉:甲醯基、乙醯基、丙醯基、正丁醯基、異丁醯基、戊醯基、異戊醯基、特戊醯基等直鏈或具有分枝之碳數1~6之醯基,苯甲醯基等。
於上述取代基中,作為醯氧基,可列舉:甲醯氧基、乙醯氧基、丙醯氧基、正丁醯氧基、異丁醯氧基、戊醯氧基、異戊醯氧基、特戊醯氧基等直鏈或具有分枝之碳數1~6之醯氧基,苯甲醯氧基,甘胺醯氧基、丙胺醯氧基、亮胺醯氧基等源自胺基酸之醯氧基等。
於上述取代基中,作為烷氧基羰基,表示經上述烷氧基取代之羰基,可列舉:甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、正丙氧基羰基、異丙氧基羰基、1-甲基丙氧基羰基、正丁氧基羰基、異丁氧基羰基、第三丁氧基羰基、2-甲基-丁氧基羰基、新戊氧基羰基、戊烷-2-基-氧基羰基等。
於上述取代基中,作為芳烷氧基羰基,較佳地表示經上述芳烷氧基取代之羰基,可列舉:苄氧基羰基、苯乙氧基羰基、苯基丙基氧基羰基、萘基甲基氧基羰基、萘基乙基氧基羰基等。
於上述取代基中,作為胺甲醯基,可列舉:-CONH2基、(單或二烷基)胺甲醯基、(單或二芳基)胺甲醯基、(N-烷基-N-芳基)胺甲醯基、吡咯啶基胺甲醯基、哌啶基胺甲醯基、哌基胺甲醯基、味啉基胺甲醯基等。
於上述取代基中,作為飽和或不飽和雜環基,表示具有N、S、O
中之較佳為1~4個任意雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和或5~10員不飽和雜環基,例如可列舉:吡咯啶基、哌啶基、哌基、六亞甲亞胺基、味啉基、硫代味啉基、高哌基、四氫呋喃基、四氫哌喃基、咪唑基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡咯基、唑基、異唑基、噻唑基、異噻唑基、吡唑基、三唑基、四唑基、吡啶基、吡基、嘧啶基、嗒基、吲哚基、異吲哚基、吲唑基、亞甲基二氧基苯基、伸乙基二氧基苯基、苯并呋喃基、二氫苯并呋喃基、苯并咪唑基、苯并唑基、苯并噻唑基、嘌呤基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基等。
於上述取代基中,作為芳香族烴基,較佳地表示碳數6~14之芳香族烴基,可列舉:苯基、萘基等。
於上述取代基中,作為飽和雜環氧基,表示含有具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基、例如吡咯啶基、哌啶基、哌基、六亞甲亞胺基、味啉基、硫代味啉基、高哌基等的氧基,可列舉:四氫呋喃氧基、四氫吡喃氧基。
於通式(I)中,X1表示CH或N。又,於通式(I)中,X2、X3及X4中之任一者為N,其餘表示CH。根據該等X1~X4之定義,作為通式(I)中之氮雜雙環骨架之例,可列舉如下結構。
[化18]
(式中,R1及R2與上述相同)
該等骨架之中,尤佳為(A-3)及(A-6)。
於通式(I)中,作為R1所表示之「可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基」之「具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基」,較佳為具有選自N、S及O之1~3個雜原子之單環性或雙環性5~10員不飽和雜環基,更佳為具有選自N、S及O之1~3個雜原子之單環性5~6員不飽和雜環基及具有選自N、S及O之1~3個雜原子的雙環性9~10員不飽和雜環基。作為該雜環基,較佳為具有咪唑、吡唑、噻吩、呋喃、吡咯、唑、異唑、噻唑、異噻唑、三唑、四唑、吡啶、吡、嘧啶、嗒、吲哚、異吲哚、吡咯并吡啶、吲唑、亞甲基二氧基苯基、伸乙基二氧基苯基、苯并呋喃、二氫苯并呋喃、苯并咪唑、苯并唑、苯并噻唑、嘌呤、喹啉、四氫喹啉、異喹啉、喹唑啉或喹啉之基。更佳為具有咪唑、吡唑、噻吩、呋喃、吡啶、吲哚、吡咯并吡啶、苯并呋喃、喹啉或四氫喹啉之基,尤佳為具有咪唑、吡啶或喹啉之基。
作為具體例,可列舉:1H-咪唑-1-基、1H-咪唑-2-基、1H-咪唑-4-基、1H-吡唑-1-基、1H-吡唑-3-基、1H-吡唑-4-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、吡咯-1-基、吡咯-2-基、吡咯-3-基、唑-2-基、唑-4-基、唑-5-基、異唑-3-基、異唑-4-基、異唑-5-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-3-基、噻唑-4-基、噻唑-5-基、異噻唑-2-基、異噻唑-4-基、異噻唑-5-基、吡唑-1-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、1,2,3-三唑-1-基、1,2,3-三唑-4-基、1,2,4-三唑-1-基、1,2,4-三唑-3-基、1,2,4-三唑-4-基、四唑-1-基、四唑-5-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、吡-2-基、吡-3-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-4-基、嘧啶-5-基、嘧啶-6-基、嗒-3-基、嗒-4-基、吲哚-1-基、吲哚-2-基、吲哚-3-基、吲哚-4-基、吲哚-5-基、吲哚-6-基、吲哚-7-基、異吲哚-1-基、異吲哚-2-基、異吲哚-4-基、異吲哚-5-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-1-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-2-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-3-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-4-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-6-基、1H-吲唑-1-基、1H-吲唑-3-基、1H-吲唑-4-基、1H-吲唑-5-基、1H-吲唑-6-基、1H-吲唑-7-基、亞甲基二氧基苯基、伸乙基二氧基苯基、苯并呋喃-2-基、苯并呋喃-3-基、苯并呋喃-4-基、苯并呋喃-5-基、苯并呋喃-6-基、苯并呋喃-7-基、2,3-二氫苯并呋喃-2-基、2,3-二氫苯并呋喃-3-基、苯并咪唑-1-基、苯并咪唑-2-基、苯并咪唑-4-基、苯并咪唑-5-基、苯并唑-2-基、苯并唑-4-基、苯并唑-5-基、苯并噻唑-2-基、苯并噻唑-4-基、苯并噻唑-5-基、嘌呤-2-基、嘌呤-6-基、嘌呤-7-基、嘌呤-8-基、喹啉-2-基、喹啉-3-基、喹啉-4-基、喹啉-5-基、喹啉-6-基、喹啉-7-基、喹啉-8-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-2-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-4-基、異喹啉-1-基、異喹啉-3-基、異喹啉-4-基、異喹啉-5-基、異喹啉-6-基、異喹啉-7-基、異喹啉-8-基、喹唑啉-4-基、喹啉-2-基、喹啉-5-基、喹
啉-6-基等,較佳為1H-咪唑-1-基、吡唑-4-基、噻吩-3-基、呋喃-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、吲哚-5-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、苯并呋喃-2-基、喹啉-3-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基,更佳為1H-咪唑-1-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、吲哚-5-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、苯并呋喃-2-基、喹啉-3-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基,尤佳為1H-咪唑-1-基、吡啶-3-基、喹啉-3-基。
於通式(I)中,作為R1所表示之上述不飽和雜環基之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。較佳為選自烷基、烷氧基、烷氧基-烷基、芳烷基、芳烷氧基-烷基、鹵素原子、鹵代烷基、醯基、可具有取代基之飽和或不飽和雜環基、可具有取代基之芳香族烴基中,其個數為1~3個。更佳為選自烷基,烷氧基,可具有烷基、鹵代烷基、芳烷基或羥基烷基之不飽和雜環基,可具有烷基、烷氧基或胺甲醯基之芳香族烴基中,其個數為1~3個。此處,作為可於R1所表示之不飽和雜環上進行取代的不飽和雜環基,可列舉:吡唑、咪唑、吡啶、嘧啶、呋喃、噻吩等。又,作為芳香族烴基,可列舉:苯基、萘基。
作為上述R1所表示之不飽和雜環基之「取代基」之具體例,可例示:甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、1-甲基丙氧基、正丁氧基、異丁氧基、第三丁氧基、1H-吡唑-4-基、1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基、1-乙基-1H-吡唑-4-基、1-異丙基-1H-吡唑-4-基、1-苄基-1H-吡唑-4-基、1-(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-基、1-(羥基乙基)-1H-吡唑-4-基、1H-咪唑-1-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、嘧啶-5-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-3-基、苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-胺甲醯基苯基、4-異丙基胺甲醯基苯基、4-二甲基胺甲醯基苯基。
作為具體之較佳之R1,可列舉:1H-咪唑1-基、4-苯基-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(4-胺甲醯基苯基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-咪唑
1-基、4-(噻吩-3-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、5-甲基-4-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(嘧啶-5-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(呋喃-2-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(呋喃-3-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-乙基-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-異丙基-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-羥基甲基)-(1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-(羥基乙基)-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-(羥基甲基)-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-苄基-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、4-(1-(苄氧基乙基)-1H-吡唑4-基)-1H-咪唑1-基、1'H-1,4'-聯咪唑1'-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、5-甲氧基吡啶-3-基、6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基、1-苄基-1H-吡唑4-基、1-甲基-1H-吲哚-5-基、1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、1-甲基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、1-甲氧基甲基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基、喹啉-3-基、噻吩-3-基、呋喃-2-基、苯并呋喃-2-基,更佳為1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(吡啶-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(1-乙基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(1-異丙基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(1-苄基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、喹啉-3-基、4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基,尤佳為4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、4-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基、喹啉-3-基。
於通式(I)中,R2所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數1~6烷基」之「碳數1~6烷基」表示碳數1~6之直鏈狀或支鏈狀烷基,例如表示甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基等,較佳為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基。
作為R2所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數1~6烷基」之「取代
基」,可例示上述取代基。其中,作為取代基,較佳為鹵素原子。
作為經鹵素原子取代之烷基,較佳為碳數1~6鹵代烷基,更佳為三氟甲基。
R2所表示之「碳數2~6之烯基」表示上述碳數2~6之烯基,較佳為乙烯基。作為該烯基之取代基,可例示上述取代基。
作為R2,更佳為可具有取代基之碳數1~6烷基、可具有取代基之碳數2~6之烯基,進而較佳為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6烷基、碳數2~6之烯基,尤佳為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~4烷基。
Y1、Y2、Y3及Y4中之任一者或任兩者為C-R4,其餘相同或不同,表示CH或N。其中,較佳為Y1、Y2、Y3及Y4中之任一者或任兩者為C-R4且其他為CH之情形,更佳為Y1及Y3為CH、Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4且其他為CH之情形。若將該等較佳之態樣以結構式表示,則如下所示。
(式中,R3及R4與上述相同)
上述中,尤佳為(b1)及(b2)。
於通式(I)中,R3表示氰基或-CO-R5。其中,尤佳為-CO-R5。
於通式(I)中,R4相同或不同,表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基、可具有取代基之碳數1~6烷基、碳數3~7之環烷基、碳數2~6烯基、
碳數1~6烷氧基、芳香族烴基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9。其中,R4較佳為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9,更佳為鹵素原子、碳數1~6之烷基、-N(R6)(R7)。
於通式(I)中,R4所表示之「鹵素原子」表示上述鹵素原子,較佳為氯原子。
於通式(I)中,R4所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基」之「碳數1~6之烷基」表示上述碳數1~6之烷基,較佳為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基。作為R4所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基,較佳為乙基胺基、二甲基胺基等單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基,吡咯啶基、味啉基等具有N、S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基。
於通式(I)中,R4所表示之「碳數3~7之環烷基」表示上述碳數3~7之環烷基,較佳為環丙基。
於通式(I)中,R4所表示之「碳數2~6烯基」表示上述碳數2~6烯基,較佳為乙烯基、丙-1-烯-2-基。
於通式(I)中,R4所表示之「碳數1~6之烷氧基」表示上述碳數1~6之烷氧基,較佳為甲氧基。
於通式(I)中,R5所表示之「可具有取代基之單或二烷基胺基」之「單或二烷基胺基」表示上述單或二烷基胺基,較佳為單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。作為R5所表示之「可具有取代基之單或二烷基胺基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。
作為R5,更佳為胺基、羥基胺基、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基,尤佳為胺基。
於通式(I)中,R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數1~6烷
基」之「碳數1~6烷基」表示上述碳數1~6烷基,較佳為乙基、正丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、戊基。作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數1~6烷基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。較佳為羥基,環己基等碳數3~7環烷基,吡咯啶基、味啉基等飽和雜環基,吡啶基等不飽和雜環基,乙基胺基、二甲基胺基等單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基,甲硫基等(碳數1~6烷基)硫基,可具有羥基之碳數1~6烷氧基。
於通式(I)中,R6、R7所表示之「碳數1~6之鹵代烷基」表示上述碳數1~6之鹵代烷基,較佳為2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基。
於通式(I)中,作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數3~7環烷基」之「碳數3~7環烷基」,例如可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基,較佳為環丙基、環戊基、環己基。作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數3~7環烷基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。較佳為羥基、胺基、源自胺基酸之醯氧基、烷醯基胺基、烷基磺醯基胺基等。
於通式(I)中,作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之芳烷基」之「芳烷基」,表示上述芳烷基,較佳為碳數7~12之芳烷基,具體而言為苄基。作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之芳烷基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。作為具體之取代基,可列舉吡咯啶基等飽和雜環基等。
於通式(I)中,作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之芳香族烴基」之「芳香族烴基」,表示上述碳數6~14之芳香族烴基,較佳為苯基。作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之芳香族烴基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。較佳為鹵素原子、甲硫基等烷硫基、味啉基等飽和雜環基、吡咯啶-碳基等取代胺甲醯基。
於通式(I)中,R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之飽和雜環基」
之「飽和雜環基」表示上述飽和雜環基,較佳為哌啶基、四氫哌喃基。作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之不飽和雜環基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。較佳為甲基等碳數1~6之烷基、乙醯基等醯基、2,6-二羥基嘧啶基-4-羰基等具有飽和雜環基之羰基、2-胺基乙醯基等胺基烷基羰基。
於通式(I)中,R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之不飽和雜環基」之「不飽和雜環基」表示上述不飽和雜環基,較佳為吡啶基、唑基。作為R6、R7所表示之「可具有取代基之不飽和雜環基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。
於通式(I)中,R6、R7可同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起所形成的「飽和雜環基」表示具有氧原子、氮原子、硫原子中之較佳為1~4個任意原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基,例如表示吡咯啶基、哌啶基、哌基、六亞甲亞胺基、味啉基、硫代味啉基、高哌基、四氫呋喃基、四氫哌喃基。
於通式(I)中,作為R6與R7之組合,較佳為如下者:R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7表示氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基或可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7亦可同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基。更佳為如下情形:R6為氫原子,R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基或可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基;尤佳為如下情形:R6為氫原子,R7為可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基或可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基。
於通式(I)中,R8所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數3~7環烷基」之「碳數3~7環烷基」表示上述碳數3~7環烷基,較佳為環己基。作為R8所表示之「可具有取代基之碳數3~7環烷基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基,較佳為羥基。
於通式(I)中,R8所表示之「可具有取代基之芳香族烴基」之「芳香族烴基」表示上述碳數6~14之芳香族烴基,較佳為苯基。作為R8所表示之「可具有取代基之芳香族烴基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基,較佳為羥基。
作為R8,較佳為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基。
於通式(I)中,R9所表示之「可具有取代基之單或二烷基胺基」之「單或二烷基胺基」表示上述單或二烷基胺基,較佳為單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。作為R9所表示之「可具有取代基之單或二烷基胺基」之「取代基」,可例示上述取代基。
作為R9,較佳為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基,尤佳為氫原子。
本發明之較佳之氮雜雙環化合物為如下化合物:於通式(I)中,X1為CH或N;X2為N,X3及X4為CH;Y1及Y3為CH,Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4,另一者為CH;R1為可具有取代基之1H-咪唑-1-基、可具有取代基之吡唑-4-基、可具有取代基之噻吩-3-基、可具有取代基之呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-3-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-4-基、可具有取代基之吲哚-5-基、可具有取代基之1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、可具有取代基之苯并呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之喹啉-3-基、可具有取代基之5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基中之任一者;R2為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6之烷基或碳數2~6之烯基;R3為-CO-R5;R4為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、S、O中之任一
個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9;R5為胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基;R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性飽和雜環基、或可具有取代基之具有選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基;R8為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基;R9為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。
作為更具體之氮雜雙環化合物,為3-乙基-4-{3-異丙基-4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-1-基}苯甲醯胺(以下稱為化合物1)。
作為本發明之氮雜雙環化合物之鹽,只要為藥學上可容許之鹽,則並無特別限制,可列舉:與鹽酸、氫溴酸、氫碘酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等無機酸或甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、反丁烯二酸、順丁烯二酸、乳酸、蘋果酸、檸檬酸、酒石酸、碳酸、苦味酸、甲磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、谷胺酸等有機酸之酸加成鹽,與鈉、鉀、鎂、鈣、鋁等之無機鹼或甲基胺、乙基胺、葡甲胺、乙醇胺等有機鹼或離胺酸、精胺酸、鳥胺酸等鹼性胺基酸的鹽或者銨鹽。
再者,本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽可依據例如國際公開第WO2011/004610號說明書中記載之方法進行合成。
如後述實施例所述,本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽若與作用機理不同之非常廣泛之抗腫瘤劑併用投予,則抗腫瘤效果協同性地增
強。本發明中之所謂「其他抗腫瘤劑」,只要為具有抗腫瘤活性之藥劑,則並無特別限制,作為其形態,可為低分子化合物、抗體及核酸中之任意者。作為與本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽表現出協同作用之具體之抗腫瘤劑,例如可列舉:氨柔比星、多柔比星、多柔比星鹽酸鹽、表柔比星、絲裂黴素C等抗腫瘤性抗生素;環磷醯胺、尼莫司汀等烷基化劑;順鉑、卡鉑、奧沙利鉑等鉑製劑;5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、替加氟-吉美嘧啶-奧替拉西鉀(TS-1,非專有名「替加氟-吉美嘧啶-奧替拉西鉀複合劑」(商品名:「替吉奧」))、替加氟-尿嘧啶(UFT,非專有名「替加氟-尿嘧啶複合劑」(商品名:「優福定」))、卡培他濱、去氧氟尿苷、5-氟-2'-去氧尿苷(FdUrd)、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷等嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑;氟達拉濱、苯達莫司汀、克拉屈濱、奈拉濱等嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑;培美曲塞、甲胺蝶呤等葉酸代謝拮抗劑;紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、伊立替康、依託泊苷等植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑;來那度胺等免疫調節藥;伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼、依維莫司、坦西莫司(Temsirolimus)、硼替佐米、克唑替尼、威羅菲尼(Vemurafenib)、ZD6244等低分子分子靶向藥;貝伐珠單抗、曲妥珠單抗(Trastuzumab)、西妥昔單抗、利妥昔單抗等抗體分子靶向藥等。其中,就與本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽併用之情形時之抗腫瘤效果之協同作用的觀點而言,較佳為選自抗腫瘤性抗生素、鉑製劑、嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑、嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑、葉酸代謝拮抗劑、植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑、免疫調節藥及低分子分子靶向藥中之1種以上。
作為具體之抗腫瘤劑,就與本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽併用之情形時之抗腫瘤效果之協同作用的觀點而言,較佳為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、絲裂黴素C、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、5-FU、TS-1、UFT、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他
賽、伊立替康、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼、硼替佐米、克唑替尼、威羅菲尼及ZD6244中之1種以上,更佳為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼及克唑替尼中之1種以上,尤佳為選自氨柔比星、順鉑、依託泊苷、吉西他濱、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽及克唑替尼中之1種以上。
作為成為本發明之抗腫瘤劑之對象的癌,具體而言,可列舉:頭頸部癌、消化器癌(食道癌、胃癌、十二指腸癌、肝臟癌、膽道癌(膽囊、膽管癌等)、胰腺癌、小腸癌、大腸癌(結直腸癌、結腸癌、直腸癌等)等)、肺癌(非小細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌等)、乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮癌(子宮頸癌、子宮體癌等)、腎癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌、皮膚癌(惡性黑色素瘤、表皮癌等)、血液癌(多發性骨髓瘤、急性骨髄性白血病等)等。其中,就與本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽併用之情形時之抗腫瘤效果之協同作用的觀點而言,較佳為消化器癌、肺癌、乳癌、皮膚癌或血液癌,更佳為結直腸癌、肺癌、乳癌、膽囊癌、膵癌、胃癌、皮膚癌或血液癌。再者,此處癌不僅為原發病灶,亦包括轉移至其他器官(肝臟等)之癌在內。又,本發明之抗腫瘤劑可用於外科摘除腫瘤後為防止復發所進行之術後輔助化學療法,亦可用於為了外科摘除腫瘤而於事前進行之術前輔助化學療法。
作為本發明之抗腫瘤劑之投予形態,並無特別限制,可根據治療目的而適當選擇,具體而言,可例示:經口劑(片劑、包衣片劑、散劑、顆粒劑、膠囊劑、液劑等)、注射劑、栓劑、貼附劑、軟膏劑等。
關於本發明之抗腫瘤劑之投予計劃,於各有效成分發揮抗腫瘤
效果之範圍內適當選擇,將各有效成分同時投予或隔開間隔地分別投予。
關於本發明之抗腫瘤劑,可根據各有效成分之投予形態或投予計劃,將各有效成分分成複數種劑形而製劑化,亦可匯總為一種劑形而製劑化。又,可將各製劑集中於適合併用投予之1個包裝內而製造銷售,或者亦可將各製劑分成各個包裝而製造銷售。
關於本發明中之抗腫瘤劑,可根據其投予形態,使用藥學上所容許之載體並藉由通常公知之方法製備。作為上述載體,可例示通常之藥劑所通用之各種載體,例如賦形劑、黏合劑、崩解劑、潤滑劑、稀釋劑、溶解輔助劑、懸浮化劑、等張劑、pH調整劑、緩衝劑、穩定化劑、著色劑、矯味劑、矯臭劑等。
又,本發明係關於一種抗腫瘤效果增強劑,其係用以增強其他抗腫瘤劑對癌患者之抗腫瘤效果,包含本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽。該抗腫瘤效果增強劑具有上述抗腫瘤劑之製劑形態。
又,本發明係關於一種抗腫瘤劑,其係用於治療已投予其他抗腫瘤劑之癌患者,且包含本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽。該抗腫瘤劑具有上述製劑形態。
又,本發明係關於一種套組製劑,其包含本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽、及作有對癌患者併用投予本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑的記載之使用說明書。此處,所謂「使用說明書」,只要為記載有上述投予量者即可,不問有無法律約束力,較佳為推薦上述投予量者。具體而言,可例示:隨附文書、說明書等。又,所謂包含使用說明書之套組製劑,可為將使用說明書印刷、隨附於套組製劑之包裝上者,亦可為將使用說明書與抗腫瘤劑一起封裝於套組製劑之包裝內者。
其次,列舉實施例及參考例更詳細地說明本發明。
實施例1:化合物1與多西他賽之組合對具有非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)細胞NCI-H2170之裸小鼠異種移植模型之人類腫瘤細胞表現出經增強之抗腫瘤活性
作為人類非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)細胞株之NCI-H2170(ATCC#CRL-5928)係獲自美國菌種保存中心(American Type Culture Collection)(ATCC;馬納薩斯(Manassas),維吉尼亞(Virginia),USA)。於包含10%胎牛血清(FBS)之RPMI-1640(含有4.5g/L葡萄糖、10mM之4-羥乙基哌乙磺酸(HEPES,2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid)及1mM丙酮酸鈉)(和光純藥股份有限公司)培養基中培養細胞株。將冷凍保存於液態氮中之細胞於37℃下急速解凍,移入含有培養基之組織培養燒瓶內,使之於5%CO2培養箱中於37℃下增殖。NCI-H2170細胞株以1:5~1:10之比每週繼代1~2次。將於75cm2燒瓶中增殖至80~90%融合狀態之細胞用室溫之磷酸緩衝食鹽水(PBS)10mL進行清洗,繼而添加0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA 10mL,加以保溫直至細胞自燒瓶表面脫離。為了使胰蛋白酶鈍性化,添加培養基10mL,回收細胞浮游液,進行離心分離後,使細胞顆粒物再次懸浮於增殖培養基10mL中,播種於裝有培養基30mL之175cm2燒瓶內,於5%CO2培養箱中於37℃下保溫。於達到燒瓶80~90%融合後,反覆進行上述繼代直至獲得足夠向小鼠進行移植之細胞。
5週齡之BALB/cAJcl-nu/nu小鼠(裸小鼠)係獲自CREA Japan,Inc.。將動物以5~6隻/籠於12小時/12小時之明/暗循環下收容於微型隔離籠(micro-isolator)中,使用前至少馴化1週,適當飼予通常之飼料。移植時,動物為6~8週齡。為了向裸小鼠移植NCI-H2170細胞,如上述般收集細胞,於PBS中洗淨,使之以5×107細胞/mL之濃度再次
懸浮於50%PBS及50%基質膠(Matrigel)基底膜基質(#356237;BD Biosciences;貝德福德(Bedford),馬薩諸塞州(Massachusetts),USA)中。使用1mL結核菌素用注射器與25G之注射針,向裸小鼠之右側背部之皮下移植5×106細胞/每0.1mL細胞懸浮液。
繼而,使於移植後增殖1~2週直至腫瘤體積(TV)達到100~300mm3。腫瘤徑測定時使用數顯卡鉗,測定腫瘤之長徑及短徑,由下式計算TV。
(數1)TV(mm3)=(長徑×短徑2)/2,長徑及短徑之單位為mm
腫瘤體積非常小或非常大之動物除外,藉由以TV為指標之層化隨機分配法,對各群分配動物。作為評估項目,由TV算出相對腫瘤體積(RTV,Relative Tumor Volume)。又,作為評估指標,算出試驗結束日之藥劑投予群之RTV相對於對照(Control)群之RTV的比即治療(Treatment)/對照(T/C)值(%)。RTV及T/C(%)係由下式算出。
(數2)RTV=TVn/TV1
T/C(%)=(試驗結束日之各藥劑投予群之平均RTV)/(試驗結束日之對照群之平均RTV)×100
TV1表示Day1之腫瘤體積。
為了調配化合物1,製備0.5%羥丙甲纖維素水溶液。稱量羥丙甲纖維素而置於燒杯內,添加製備量之約80%之蒸餾水(大塚製藥工場股份有限公司)。使用攪拌器於低溫室中攪拌一晚,藉此使之完全溶解,移至量筒內,添加蒸餾水而定容為製備量。稱量所需量之化合物1,於瑪瑙研砵中加以粉碎後,使之以特定濃度懸浮於0.5%羥丙甲纖維素水溶液中,進行超音波處理而製成均質之懸浮液。將該懸浮液以每1kg體重10mL經口投予。再者,懸浮液除投予時以外保存於冷藏
庫內。該懸浮液於冷藏保存時2週穩定。
關於多西他賽,將Taxotere(註冊商標)靜脈點滴用80mg(Sanofi Aventis股份有限公司)如隨附文書所述般溶解後,於即將投予前以成為特定濃度之方式使用生理食鹽液稀釋製備。投予第一天以每1kg體重5mL靜脈內投予。
化合物1 5mg/kg體重之治療及多西他賽15mg/kg體重之治療均稍微抑制裸小鼠之NCI-H2170腫瘤增殖,T/C值分別72、86。相對於此,5mg/kg體重之化合物1與15mg/kg體重之多西他賽的組合形式之併用治療更能抑制裸小鼠之NCI-H2170腫瘤增殖,T/C值為43。進而,進行將10mg/kg體重之化合物1及30mg/kg體重之多西他賽以單獨形式或併用形式使用的治療,對各併用治療群所觀察到之效果顯著地大於對任一僅單一藥劑群所觀察到之效果(P<0.05;交比檢驗(Intersection-Union test))。將結果示於圖1。關於試驗期間結束日之平均體重變化率,相對於對照群,化合物1+多西他賽併用治療群均未伴有過度之毒性。
實施例2:化合物1與紫杉醇之組合對具有NSCLC NCI-H441細胞之裸小鼠異種移植模型之人類腫瘤細胞表現出經增強之抗腫瘤活性
依據實施例1中之記載,向裸小鼠移植NCI-H441細胞(ATCC#HTB-174)。使於移植後增殖約1週直至大多數腫瘤達到100~300mm3。
為了調配紫杉醇,稱量所需量,添加製備量之10%之乙醇(Nacalai Tesque股份有限公司),進行超音波處理,藉此使之溶解。繼而,添加與乙醇等量之Cremophor EL(Nacalai Tesque股份有限公司),進行超音波處理,藉此使之溶解。於即將投予前添加、混合製備量之10%之生理食鹽液,製備紫杉醇投予液。投予第一天以每1kg體重5mL靜脈內投予。
如圖2所示,5mg/kg體重之化合物1之治療及30mg/kg體重之紫杉醇之治療均抑制裸小鼠之NCI-H441腫瘤增殖,T/C值分別為63、41。相對於此,該等藥劑之併用治療使裸小鼠之NCI-H441腫瘤增殖效果增強,T/C值為28。進而,進行15mg/kg體重或60mg/kg體重之多西他賽之單獨治療及與5mg/kg體重之化合物1之併用治療,對各併用治療群所觀察到之效果與對任一僅單一藥劑治療群所觀察到之效果相比顯著地(P<0.05;交比檢驗)增強。關於以試驗期間結束日之體重變動為指標的毒性,相對於對照群,化合物1+紫杉醇併用治療群處於充分容許範圍內。又,對於胃癌株亦獲得同樣之結果。
實施例3:化合物1與順鉑之組合對具有胃癌株NCI-N87細胞之裸小鼠異種移植模型之人類腫瘤細胞表現出經增強之抗腫瘤活性
依據實施例1中之記載,向裸小鼠移植NCI-N87細胞(ATCC#CRL-5822)。使於移植後增殖約1週直至大多數腫瘤達到100~300mm3。
關於順鉑,將Briplatin注25mg(Bristol-Myers股份有限公司)如隨附文書所述般溶解後,於即將投予前以成為特定濃度之方式使用生理食鹽液稀釋製備。投予第一天以每1kg體重14.0mL靜脈內投予。
如圖3所示,5mg/kg體重之化合物1之治療與7mg/kg體重之順鉑之治療均抑制裸小鼠之NCI-N87腫瘤增殖,T/C值分別為51、65。相對於此,該等藥劑之併用治療使裸小鼠之NCI-N87腫瘤增殖效果增強,T/C值為26。進而,進行10mg/kg體重或20mg/kg體重之化合物1之單獨治療及與7mg/kg體重之順鉑之併用治療,對各併用治療群所觀察到之效果與對任一僅單一藥劑治療群所觀察到之效果相比顯著地(P<0.05;交比檢驗)增強。關於以試驗期間結束日之體重變動為指標的毒性,相對於對照群,化合物1+順鉑併用治療群處於充分容許範圍內。
實施例4:化合物1與氨柔比星之組合對具有小細胞肺癌株SBC-1
細胞之裸小鼠異種移植模型之人類腫瘤細胞表現出經增強之抗腫瘤活性
依據實施例1中之記載,向裸小鼠移植SBC-1細胞(由健康科學研究資源庫(Health Science Research Resources Bank)購入,#JCRB0816)。使於移植後增殖約1週直至大多數腫瘤達到100~300mm3。
關於氨柔比星,將Calsed(註冊商標)注射用20mg(大日本住友製藥股份有限公司)如隨附文書所述般溶解後,於即將投予前以成為特定濃度之方式使用生理食鹽液稀釋製備。投予第一天以每1kg體重10.0mL靜脈內投予。
關於化合物1,於第1、3、5、8、10、12天以每1kg體重10.0mL經口投予。
如圖4所示,28mg/kg體重之化合物1之治療與化合物1及12.5mg/kg體重之氨柔比星之治療均抑制裸小鼠之SBC-1腫瘤增殖,T/C值分別為49、40。相對於此,該等藥劑之併用治療使裸小鼠之SBC-1腫瘤增殖效果增強,T/C值為17。進而,進行20mg/kg體重之化合物1之單獨治療及與12.5mg/kg體重之氨柔比星之併用治療,對各併用治療群所觀察到之效果與對任一僅單一藥劑治療群所觀察到之效果相比顯著地(P<0.05;交比檢驗)增強。關於以試驗期間結束日之體重變動為指標的毒性,相對於對照群,化合物1+多西他賽併用治療群處於充分容許範圍內。
實施例5:化合物1及克唑替尼之體外組合分析
於包含10%胎牛血清(Thermo Scientific)之RPMI-1640培養基(和光純藥工業)中,使人類胃癌細胞株NUGC-4與MKN45(健康科學研究資源庫,HSRRB)增殖。將各細胞維持於37℃、5%CO2中,每週以1:
5~1:20之比繼代1~2次。
使用CellTiter-Glo,測定細胞存活率。藉由常規方法回收細胞,使之懸浮於包含10%胎牛血清與抗生素(青黴素與鏈黴素)之RPMI-1640培養基中,播種於384孔板。播種數係設為每孔中500個/20μL。於37℃、5%CO2下保溫24小時後,添加包含克唑替尼與化合物1或載體(Vehicle)(DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide,二甲亞碸))之培養基5μL。克唑替尼係設為自10μM開始之3倍稀釋系列9組及零濃度(DMSO),化合物1係設為自10μM開始之3倍稀釋系列7組及零濃度(DMSO),對該等全部80種組合進行研究。對各組合分配4個孔。進而於37℃、5%CO2下保溫72小時。對每個孔添加25μL之CellTiter-Glo液,於室溫下保溫10分鐘後,利用作為讀板儀之Envision測定化學發光。由所獲得之資料算出各組合之4孔之平均值,相對於添加有包含載體之培養基之對照組,計算經標準化之細胞存活率。自1中減去細胞存活率,藉此算出Fa(Fraction of Affect,效應分數)值。
使用中位效應分析軟體CalcuSyn 2.0(CalcuSyn,Inc.),決定關於各藥劑之半數抑制濃度(IC50)。繼而,決定藥劑之各組合濃度下之聯合指數(CI)。超過1、等於1或未達1之CI分別表示拮抗、累加或協同作用(表1)(藥理學評論(Pharmacol Rev).2006;58(3):621-81,BMC補充與替代醫學(BMC Complement Altern Med).2013;13:212.,抗癌研究(Anticancer Res).2005;25(3B):1909-17.)。
又,Fa值若接近1則認為係一藥劑之效果過強之濃度區域,若接近0則認為係任一藥劑之效果過弱之濃度區域,不適合參與討論協同效果,因此針對NUGC-4細胞,根據採用化合物1與克唑替尼之全部80種濃度組合所算出之Fa值,抽選如成為0.2≦Fa≦0.8之兩藥劑之濃度組合,供於藉由CalcuSyn進行之線形曲線擬合,獲得CI。
研究所獲得之CI與提供其之兩藥劑之濃度,發現CI成為中等程度以上之協同作用(未達0.85)的兩藥劑之各自之濃度區域(表2)。
針對NUGC-4細胞,於化合物1為自13.7174nM至1111.11nM且克唑替尼為自4.57247nM至41.1523nM之濃度區域中,發現多個表現出強力協同作用之組合。意指於該等濃度區域中,所引起之細胞死亡多出由各藥劑用量之累加效果所預想之細胞死亡。
又,針對MKN45細胞,亦與對上述NUGC-4細胞之結果同樣地,於同時添加化合物1與克唑替尼並保溫72小時之情形時,於化合物1為自13.7174nM至370.37nM且克唑替尼為自13.7174nM至123.457nM之濃度區域中,發現多個表現出強力協同作用之組合(表3)。
實施例6:化合物1及其他抗腫瘤劑之體外組合分析
關於針對上述以外之細胞株的化合物1與其他抗腫瘤劑之組合,亦進行相同之體外組合分析。表4~表39所示之抗腫瘤劑均與化合物1表現出中等程度以上之協同作用(CI<0.85)。尤其是關於伊馬替尼、依託泊苷、埃羅替尼、奧沙利鉑、吉非替尼、吉西他濱、順鉑、阿糖胞苷、達沙替尼、多柔比星、多西他賽、紫杉醇、培美曲塞、拉帕替尼、來那度胺,1種以上之濃度組合表現出強力協同效果(CI<0.30)。
再者,吉西他濱對其他非小細胞肺癌(NCI-H441、NCI-H520)亦與對NCI-H522同樣地表現出協同作用。順鉑對其他非小細胞肺癌(NCI-H2170、NCI-H226、NCI-H441、NCI-H520、NCI-H522、PC-14)亦與對A549同樣地表現出協同作用。多柔比星對其他小細胞肺癌(NCI-N417)亦與對SBC-1同樣地表現出協同作用。多西他賽對其他非小細胞肺癌(NCI-H2170)亦與對NCI-H226同樣地表現出協同作用。紫杉醇對其他非小細胞肺癌(HCC827、NCI-H1975)亦與對NCI-H2170同樣地表現出協同作用。拉帕替尼對其他乳癌(BT-474、JIMT-1、MDA-MB-361、MDA-MB-453、SK-BR-3、UACC-812)亦與對UACC-893同樣地表現出協同作用。
如上所述,明瞭本發明之氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與作用機理不同之非常廣泛之抗腫瘤劑表現出強力協同作用。
Claims (9)
- 一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造與其他抗腫瘤劑併用投予之抗腫瘤劑,該氮雜雙環化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:
- 如請求項1之用途,其中氮雜雙環化合物為如下化合物:於通式(I)中,X1為CH或N;X2為N,X3及X4為CH;Y1及Y3為CH,Y2及Y4中之任一者或兩者為C-R4,另一者為CH;R1為可具有取代基之1H-咪唑-1-基、可具有取代基之吡唑-4-基、可具有取代基之噻吩-3-基、可具有取代基之呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-3-基、可具有取代基之吡啶-4-基、可具有取代基之吲哚-5-基、可具有取代基之1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-5-基、可具有取代基之苯并呋喃-2-基、可具有取代基之喹啉-3-基、可具有取代基之5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基中之任一者;R2為可具有鹵素原子之碳數1~6之烷基或碳數2~6之烯基;R3為-CO-R5;R4為鹵素原子、單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基或可含有具有N、 S、O中之任一個或任兩個雜原子之單環性5~7員飽和雜環基之碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、-N(R6)(R7)、-SR8或-CO-R9;R5為胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基;R6為氫原子或可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基;R7為氫原子、可具有取代基之碳數1~6之烷基、可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳數7~12之芳烷基、可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基、可具有包含選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性之取代基之飽和雜環基、或可具有包含選自N、S及O之1~4個雜原子之單環性或雙環性之取代基之不飽和雜環基,或者R6與R7同該等所鍵結之氮原子一起形成5~7員飽和雜環基;R8為可具有取代基之碳數3~7之環烷基或可具有取代基之碳數6~14之芳香族烴基;R9為氫原子、羥基、胺基、或者單或二(碳數1~6烷基)胺基。
- 如請求項1之用途,其中氮雜雙環化合物為3-乙基-4-{3-異丙基-4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-1-基}苯甲醯胺。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之用途,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自抗腫瘤性抗生素、鉑製劑、嘧啶系代謝拮抗劑、嘌呤系代謝拮抗劑、葉酸代謝拮抗劑、植物生物鹼系抗腫瘤劑、免疫調節藥及低分子分子靶向藥中之1種以上。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之用途,其中其他抗腫瘤劑為選自氨柔比星、多柔比星、順鉑、奧沙利鉑、吉西他濱、阿糖胞苷、培美曲塞、紫杉醇(泰克索、凱素等)、多西他賽、依託泊苷、來那度胺、伊馬替尼、吉非替尼、達沙替尼、埃羅替尼、拉帕替尼 及克唑替尼中之一種以上。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之用途,其係向癌患者同時投予或隔開間隔地分別投予氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽與其他抗腫瘤劑。
- 一種化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造其他抗腫瘤劑之抗腫瘤效果增強劑,該化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:
- 一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以治療已投予其他抗腫瘤劑之癌患者之抗腫瘤劑,該氮雜雙環化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:
- 一種氮雜雙環化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造與其他抗腫瘤劑組合而成之抗腫瘤劑,該氮雜雙環化合物係以下述通式(I)表示:[化4]
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AR061185A1 (es) * | 2006-05-26 | 2008-08-13 | Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | Compuestos heterociclicos como inhibidores de hsp90. composiciones farmaceuticas. |
EP2119718B1 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2012-04-11 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Macrocyclic compound |
KR101609412B1 (ko) * | 2009-07-10 | 2016-04-05 | 다이호야쿠힌고교 가부시키가이샤 | 아자 2 고리형 화합물 또는 그 염 |
TWI667237B (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2019-08-01 | 日商大鵬藥品工業股份有限公司 | 使用氮雜雙環化合物之癌併用療法 |
-
2014
- 2014-09-29 TW TW103133802A patent/TWI667237B/zh active
- 2014-09-29 EP EP14849447.9A patent/EP3053578B1/en active Active
- 2014-09-29 PL PL14849447T patent/PL3053578T3/pl unknown
- 2014-09-29 PT PT148494479T patent/PT3053578T/pt unknown
- 2014-09-29 RU RU2016116777A patent/RU2657783C2/ru active
- 2014-09-29 JP JP2015539418A patent/JP6197041B2/ja active Active
- 2014-09-29 AU AU2014325016A patent/AU2014325016C1/en active Active
- 2014-09-29 DK DK14849447.9T patent/DK3053578T3/da active
- 2014-09-29 KR KR1020167008290A patent/KR101767859B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-29 WO PCT/JP2014/075846 patent/WO2015046498A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-09-29 HU HUE14849447A patent/HUE053617T2/hu unknown
- 2014-09-29 ES ES14849447T patent/ES2848706T3/es active Active
- 2014-09-29 US US15/025,797 patent/US9694001B2/en active Active
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2017
- 2017-04-21 US US15/493,479 patent/US10849886B2/en active Active
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2020
- 2020-05-19 US US16/877,959 patent/US11166943B2/en active Active
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- 2021-09-30 US US17/490,256 patent/US11918562B2/en active Active
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110831594A (zh) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-02-21 | 大鹏药品工业株式会社 | 使用氮杂双环式化合物的癌症化学疗法 |
TWI855994B (zh) | 2017-06-30 | 2024-09-21 | 日商大鵬藥品工業股份有限公司 | 使用氮雜雙環式化合物之癌化學療法 |
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AU2014325016C1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
TWI667237B (zh) | 2019-08-01 |
US20200276171A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
RU2016116777A (ru) | 2017-11-09 |
KR101767859B1 (ko) | 2017-08-11 |
WO2015046498A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
EP3053578A4 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
EP3053578A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
US9694001B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
US20220016090A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
JP6197041B2 (ja) | 2017-09-13 |
RU2657783C2 (ru) | 2018-06-15 |
JPWO2015046498A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
US11166943B2 (en) | 2021-11-09 |
US10849886B2 (en) | 2020-12-01 |
EP3053578B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
HUE053617T2 (hu) | 2021-07-28 |
AU2014325016B2 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
US20240156792A1 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
DK3053578T3 (da) | 2021-02-01 |
KR20160045900A (ko) | 2016-04-27 |
AU2014325016A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
ES2848706T3 (es) | 2021-08-11 |
US20170216261A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
US20160228417A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
PT3053578T (pt) | 2021-02-09 |
PL3053578T3 (pl) | 2021-06-14 |
US11918562B2 (en) | 2024-03-05 |
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