TW201514621A - 多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物及圖型形成方法 - Google Patents
多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物及圖型形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201514621A TW201514621A TW103131151A TW103131151A TW201514621A TW 201514621 A TW201514621 A TW 201514621A TW 103131151 A TW103131151 A TW 103131151A TW 103131151 A TW103131151 A TW 103131151A TW 201514621 A TW201514621 A TW 201514621A
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- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
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- H01L21/033—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers
- H01L21/0332—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their composition, e.g. multilayer masks, materials
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/3086—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching using masks characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane characterised by the process involved to create the mask, e.g. lift-off masks, sidewalls, or to modify the mask, e.g. pre-treatment, post-treatment
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
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- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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Abstract
本發明係一種多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其含有金屬化合物及溶劑,該金屬化合物含有由鈦、鉭、鋯及鎢所組成之群選出之至少一種之複數金屬原子、與使上述複數金屬原子間交聯之氧原子、及配位於上述金屬原子上之多齒配位子,且上述金屬化合物之以靜態光散射法測定之絕對分子量為8,000以上且50,000以下。上述金屬化合物較好主要含有於金屬原子上鍵結2個交聯氧原子之構造。
Description
本發明係關於多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物及圖型形成方法。
隨著半導體裝置等之微細化,為了獲得更高積體度而使用多層光阻製程進行加工尺寸之微細化。該多層光阻製程係於基板上使用無機膜形成組成物形成無機膜,於該無機膜上使用蝕刻速度與無機膜不同之有機材料形成光阻圖型。接著,藉由乾蝕刻將該光阻圖型轉印於無機膜上,再藉由乾蝕刻轉印於基板上,藉此獲得形成有期望圖型之基板(參照日本特開2001-284209號公報、日本特開2010-85912號公報及日本特開2008-39811號公報)。最近,除使用矽系化合物者作為上述無機膜形成組成物以外,亦已檢討使用對鄰接於無機膜而配置之二氧化矽膜或有機膜的光阻下層膜均可提高蝕刻選擇性之金屬系化合物者(參照日本特表2005-537502號公報)。
該無機膜形成組成物不僅上述之蝕刻選擇性優異,亦必須可使無機膜上形成之光阻圖型之形狀為良好
者。且除此之外,亦要求於塗佈無機膜形成組成物時,可使其乾燥之塗膜可藉由洗淨基板之端部或背面之邊緣背面洗滌而溶解於該洗淨溶劑中予以去除,進而形成無機膜時之烘烤時,無機膜成分難以自塗膜揮發,且不污染腔室內部,且要求藉由多層光阻製程安定地進行圖型之形成。然而,上述過去之無機膜形成組成物無法同時滿足該等要求。
[專利文獻1]日本特開2001-284209號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2010-85912號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開2008-39811號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特表2005-537502號公報
本發明係基於如以上之問題而完成者,其目的係提供一種可形成光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性優異之無機膜,且洗淨溶劑去除性與揮發抑制性均優異之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物。
用於解決上述課題之發明係一種多層光阻製
程用無機膜形成組成物,其含有金屬化合物(以下,亦稱為「[A]金屬化合物」)及溶劑(以下,亦稱為「[B]溶劑」),該金屬化合物含有由鈦、鉭、鋯及鎢所組成之群選出之至少一種之複數金屬原子、與使上述複數金屬原子間交聯之氧原子、及配位於上述金屬原子上之多齒配位子,且上述[A]金屬化合物之以靜態光散射法測定之絕對分子量為8,000以上且50,000以下。
用以解決上述課題之另一發明係一種圖型形成方法,其具備下列步驟:於基板之上面側形成無機膜之步驟,於上述無機膜之上面側形成光阻圖型之步驟,及藉由以上述光阻圖型作為遮罩之1次或複數次的乾蝕刻於上述基板上形成圖型之步驟;其中上述無機膜係以該多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物所形成。
此處,所謂「有機基」係指含至少1個碳原子之基。
依據本發明之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物及圖型形成方法,可同時發揮優異之洗淨溶劑去除性與揮發抑制性,且可形成光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性優異之無機膜。據此,該等可極適用於今後進行微細化時預期之LSI之製造製程,尤其是形成微細之接觸孔等中。
該多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物(以下,亦簡稱為「該無機膜形成組成物」)含有[A]金屬化合物及[B]溶劑。該無機膜形成組成物亦可含有交聯促進劑(以下亦稱為「[C]交聯促進劑」)作為較佳成分,且在不損及本發明效果之範圍內,亦可含有其他任意成分。
以下,針對各成分加以說明。
[A]金屬化合物含有由鈦、鉭、鋯及鎢所組成之群選出之至少一種之複數金屬原子(以下,亦稱為「特定金屬原子」)、使上述複數之金屬原子間交聯之氧原子(以下,亦稱為「交聯氧原子」)、及配位於上述金屬原子上之多齒配位子,且以靜態光散射法測定之絕對分子量為8,000以上且50,000以下。
[A]金屬化合物係如上述,具有複數之特定金屬原子與交聯氧原子,且多齒配位子配位於上述特定金屬原子之錯合物(複核錯合物)。
該無機膜形成組成物藉由含有[A]金屬化合物,而可形成光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性優異之無機膜,且洗淨溶劑去除性與揮發抑制性均優異。
以下依序說明構成[A]金屬化合物之特定金屬原子、交聯氧原子、多齒配位子。
[A]金屬化合物含有複數之金屬原子。該金屬原子係由鈦、鉭、鋯及鎢所組成之群選出之至少一種。藉由將[A]金屬化合物之金屬原子設為上述元素者,由該無機膜形成組成物形成之無機膜之光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性優異。上述複數之特定金屬原子可為1種元素之原子所成,亦可由2種以上元素之原子所成,但基於期望使微細圖形成後之無機膜蝕刻轉印加工時之蝕刻速度以奈米級之程度於面內均勻之方面而言,較好由1種元素之原子所成。
上述金屬原子較好為鈦、鋯。該無機膜形成組成物藉由將[A]金屬化合物之金屬原子設為上述元素者,可使無機膜、與基板或光阻下層膜之蝕刻選擇性更為良好。
[A]金屬化合物,若為不損及本發明效果之範圍之少量,則亦可含上述特定金屬原子以外之其他金屬原子。
[A]金屬化合物含使上述複數之金屬原子間交聯之氧原子。[A]金屬化合物藉由含該使上述特定金屬原子交聯之氧原子,而可成為安定之複核金屬化合物,結果,由該無機膜形成組成物形成之無機膜之光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻
選擇性優異。上述交聯氧原子可對1個金屬原子鍵結1個,亦可鍵結複數個,但較好主要含有於金屬原子上鍵結2個交聯氧原子之構造。藉由主要含有於金屬原子上鍵結2個交聯氧原子之構造,可使[A]金屬化合物成為-M-O-M-O-(M為特定金屬原子)之方式,成為更直鏈狀之構造而可提高溶解性,結果,可提高該無機膜形成組成物之洗淨溶劑去除性。所謂上述構造「主要含有」係指構成[A]金屬化合物之全部金屬原子之50莫耳%以上,較好為70莫耳%以上,更好為90莫耳%以上,最好為95莫耳%以上具有上述構造。
[A]金屬化合物中之使上述複數之金屬原子間交聯之配位子,若為不損及本發明效果之範圍之少量,亦可含上述交聯氧原子以外之其他交聯配位子。上述其他交聯配位子列舉為例如過氧化物配位子(-O-O-)等。
[A]金屬化合物含配位於上述金屬原子之多齒配位子。[A]金屬化合物藉由含該多齒配位子,可提高溶解性,結果,該無機膜形成組成物之洗淨溶劑去除性優異。
上述多齒配位子較好為源自由羥基酸酯、β-二酮、β-酮酯、β-二羧酸酯及具有Π鍵之烴所組成之群選出之至少一種之配位子。藉由將多齒配位子設為上述配位子,可進一步提高該無機膜形成組成物之洗淨溶劑去除性。該等化合物通常作為獲得1個電子而成之陰離子、或
以本身構造形成多齒配位子。
上述羥基酸酯只要具有羥基之羧酸酯即無特別限制,列舉為例如下述式(2)表示之化合物等。
上述式(2)中,RA為碳數1~20之2價有機基。RB為碳數1~20之1價有機基。
上述以RA表示之2價有機基列舉為例如含碳數1~20之1價烴基、於該烴基之碳-碳間或鍵結鍵側之末端含有2價之含雜原子基之基(a)、上述烴基及基(a)所具有之氫原子之一部分或全部經1價之含雜原子基取代之基等。
上述1價或2價之含雜原子基所具有之雜原子列舉為例如氧原子、氮原子、硫原子、矽原子、磷原子等。
上述2價之含雜原子基列舉為例如-O-、-S-、-CO-、-CS-、-NR’-、組合該等而成之基等。R’為氫原子或碳數1~10之1價烴基。
上述1價之含雜原子基列舉為例如羥基、巰基(sulfanyl)(-SH)、胺基、氰基、羧基、酮基(=O)等。
上述以RB表示之1價有機基列舉為例如於作為上述RA之2價有機基例示之基中加上1個氫原子之基等。
上述RA較好為2價烴基,更好為烷二基、環
烷二基、芳二基,又更好為甲烷二基、乙烷二基、環己烷二基、苯二基,最好為乙烷二基。
上述RB較好為1價烴基,更好為烷基,又更好為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基,最好為乙基。
羥基酸酯列舉為例如乙醇酸酯、乳酸酯、2-羥基環己烷-1-羧酸酯、水楊酸酯等。該等中以乳酸乙酯較佳,更好為乳酸乙酯。
上述β-二酮只要具有1,3-二酮構造即無特別限制,列舉為例如以下述式(3)表示之化合物等。
上述式(3)中,RC及RD各獨立為碳數1~20之1價有機基。RE為氫原子或碳數1~20之1價有機基。
上述以RC、RD及RE表示之碳數1~20之1價有機基列舉為例如與作為上述式(2)之RB之1價有機基例示者相同之基。
上述RC及RD較好為1價烴基,更好為烷基,又更好為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基,最好為甲基。
上述RE較好為氫原子、1價烴基,更好為氫原子、烷基,又更好為氫原子、甲基,最好為氫原子。
β-二酮列舉為例如2,4-戊二酮、3-甲基-2,4-戊
二酮、3-乙基-2,4-戊二酮等。該等中,以2,4-戊二酮、3-甲基-2,4-戊二酮較佳,更好為2,4-戊二酮。
上述β-酮酯只要為於羧酸酯之β位具有酮性羰基之化合物即無特別限制,列舉為例如以下述式(4)表示之化合物等。
上述式(4)中,RF及RG各獨立為碳數1~20之1價有機基。RH為氫原子或碳數1~20之1價有機基。
上述以RF、RG及RH表示之碳數1~20之1價有機基列舉為例如與作為上述式(2)之RB之1價有機基例示者相同之基等。
上述RF較好為1價烴基、羰基氧基烴基取代烴基,更好為烷基、芳基、烷氧基羰基氧基,又更好為甲基、苯基、甲氧基羰基甲基,最好為甲基。
上述RG較好為1價烴基,更好為烷基,又更好為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基,最好為乙基。
上述RH較好為氫原子、1價烴基,更好為氫原子、烷基,又更好為氫原子、甲基,最好為氫原子。
β-酮酯列舉為例如乙醯基乙酸酯、α-烷基取代
之乙醯基乙酸酯、β-酮戊酸酯、苯甲醯基乙酸酯、1,3-丙酮二羧酸酯等。該等中,以乙醯基乙酸酯較佳,更好為乙醯基乙酸乙酯。
上述β-二羧酸酯只要為具有2個酯基(-COOR)鍵結於同一碳原子上之構造之化合物即無特別限制,列舉為例如以下述式(5)表示之化合物等。
上述式(5)中,RI及RJ各獨立為碳數1~20之1價有機基。RK為氫原子或碳數1~20之1價有機基。
上述以RI、RJ及RK表示之碳數1~20之1價有機基列舉為例如與作為上述式(2)之RB之1價有機基例示者相同之基等。
上述RI及RJ較好為1價烴基,更好為烷基,又更好為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基,最好為乙基。
上述RK較好為氫原子、1價烴基,更好為氫原子、烷基、環烷基、芳基,又更好為氫原子、烷基,最好為氫原子。
β-二羧酸酯列舉為例如丙二酸二酯、α-烷基取代之丙二酸二酯、α-環烷基取代之丙二酸二酯、α-芳基取代之丙二酸二酯等。該等中,以丙二酸二酯較佳,更好為
丙二酸二乙酯。
上述具有Π鍵之烴列舉為例如:乙烯、丙烯等鏈狀烯烴;環戊烯、環己烯、降冰片烯等環狀烯烴;丁二烯、異戊二烯等鏈狀二烯;環戊二烯、甲基環戊二烯、五甲基環戊二烯、環己二烯、降冰片二烯等環狀二烯;苯、甲苯、二甲苯、六甲基苯、萘、茚等芳香族烴等。
該等中,以環狀二烯較佳,更好為環戊二烯。環戊二烯係形成通常獲得1個電子之多齒配位子的環戊二烯基陰離子。
配位於上述金屬原子上之多齒配位子之數,對於1個金屬原子,較好為1個或2個,更好為1個。又,該多齒配位子之數表示每1個金屬原子之平均數。
[A]金屬化合物除了上述交聯配位子及上述多齒配位子以外,亦可含其他配位子。上述其他配位子列舉為例如以後述之式(1)表示之化合物中以X表示之配位子等。
[A]金屬化合物之以靜態光散射法測定之絕對分子量之下限為8,000,較好為10,000,更好為12,000,又更好為14,000,最好為16,000。上述絕對分子量之上限為50,000,較好為46,000,更好為40,000,又更好為32,000,最好為28,000。
藉由將[A]金屬化合物之絕對分子量設為上述範圍,該無機膜形成組成物可使洗淨溶劑去除性與揮發抑制性同時成為更高程度。
[A]金屬化合物之絕對分子量未達上述下限時,會有該無機膜形成組成物之揮發抑制性下降之傾向。[A]金屬化合物之絕對分子量超過上述上限時,會有該無機膜形成組成物之洗淨溶劑去除性下降之傾向。
以靜態光散射法測定之[A]金屬化合物之絕對分子量係以下述裝置及條件測定之值。又,測定方式除使用下述裝置之情況之方式,將試料溶液注入石英盒中裝設之方式以外,亦有使用將試料溶液注入貫流分析盒(flow cell)中之多角度雷射光散射檢測器(MALLS)之方式等,亦可使用任一方法求出。
裝置:光散射測定裝置(德國ALV公司之「ALV-5000」)
測定濃度:2.5質量%、5.0質量%、7.5質量%、10.0質量%之4點
標準液體:甲苯
測定溫度:23℃
絕對分子量之計算所需之溶液折射率及溶液密度係由下述裝置測定之值。
溶液折射率之測定裝置:折射計(京都電子工業公司之「RA-500」)
溶液密度之測定裝置:密度比重計(京都電子工業公
司之「DA-100」)
[A]金屬化合物可例如使以下述式(1)表示之化合物水解縮合而獲得。
[化5][M La Xb] (1)
上述式(1)中,M為鈦原子、鉭原子、鋯原子或鎢原子。L為多齒配位子。a為1~3之整數。a為2以上時,複數個L可相同亦可不同。X為鹵配位子、羥基配位子、羧基配位子、烷氧基配位子、羧酸酯配位子或醯胺配位子。b為2~6之整數。複數個X可相同亦可不同。但,a×2+b為6以下。
上述以L表示之多齒配位子列舉為例如作為上述[A]金屬化合物具有之多齒配位子所例示者。
上述a較好為1或2,更好為1。
上述以X表示之鹵配位子列舉為例如氟配位子、氯配位子、溴配位子、碘配位子等。該等中,以氯配位子較佳。
上述以X表示之烷氧基配位子列舉為例如甲氧基配位子(OMe)、乙氧基配位子(OEt)、正丙氧基配位子(n-OPr)、異丙氧基配位子(i-OPr)、正丁氧基配位子
(n-OBu)等。該等中,以乙氧基配位子、異丙氧基配位子、正丁氧基配位子較佳。
上述以X表示之羧酸酯配位子列舉為例如甲酸酯配位子(OOCH)、乙酸酯配位子(OOCMe)、丙酸酯配位子(OOCEt)、丁酸酯配位子(OOCPr)等。該等中,以乙酸酯配位子較佳。
上述以X表示之醯胺配位子列舉為無取代之醯胺配位子(NH2)、甲基醯胺配位子(NHMe)、二甲基醯胺配位子(NMe2)、二乙基醯胺配位子(NEt2)、二丙基醯胺配位子(NPr2)等。該等中以二甲基醯胺配位子、二乙基醯胺配位子較佳。
上述b較好為2~4之整數,更好為2或3,又更好為2。藉由將b設為2,可使形成之[A]金屬化合物成為更直鏈狀之構造,結果,可提高該無機膜形成組成物之洗淨溶劑安定性。
上述化合物之水解縮合反應可在例如溶劑中、水之存在下進行。該水解縮合反應中之水量相對於上述化合物較好為1倍莫耳~20倍莫耳,更好為1倍莫耳~15倍莫耳。此外,上述水解縮合反應就促進水解反應及梭合反應之觀點而言,除水外,亦可添加馬來酸酐等之酸及/或酸酐而進行。
上述反應所用之溶劑並無特別限制,列舉為例如醇系溶劑、酮系溶劑、醯胺系溶劑、醚系溶劑、酯系溶劑、烴系溶劑等。該等溶劑列舉為例如後述之作為[B]
溶劑例示之各種溶劑等。該等中,以醇系溶劑、醚系溶劑、酯系溶劑、烴系溶劑較佳,更好為1價脂肪族醇、烷二醇單烷基醚、羥基酸酯、烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯、內酯、環狀醚、芳香族烴,又更好為碳數2以上之1價脂肪族醇、碳數6以上之烷二醇單烷基醚、碳數4以上之羥酸酯、碳數6以上之烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯、碳數4以上之內酯、碳數4以上之環狀醚、碳數7以上之芳香族烴,最好為乙醇、正丁醇、丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇單丙基醚、乳酸乙酯、乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚、γ-丁內酯、四氫呋喃、甲苯。上述反應所用之溶劑亦可在反應後未經去除而直接作為該無機膜形成組成物之[B]溶劑。
上述反應之溫度較好為0℃~150℃,更好為10℃~120℃。上述反應時間較好為30分鐘~24小時,更好為1小時~20小時,又更好為2小時~15小時。
上述水解縮合反應所得之反應液中亦可添加乳酸乙酯等之上述多齒配位子。
此外,[A]金屬化合物,除了使上述化合物進行水解縮合之方法以外,亦可例如藉由使含烷氧基配位子之金屬化合物、含鹵配位子之金屬化合物等、與多齒配位子等在例如溶劑中、水之存在下進行反應之方法,使含複數之金屬原子及交聯氧原子之金屬化合物、與多齒配位子在溶劑中反應之方法等進行合成。
[B]溶劑只要可使[A]金屬化合物溶解或分散者均可使用。
作為[B]溶劑列舉為例如醇系溶劑、酮系溶劑、醯胺系溶劑、醚系溶劑、酯系溶劑等。該等溶劑可單獨使用1種或混合2種以上使用。[B]溶劑亦可於上述之[A]金屬化合物之合成中反應所用之溶劑未經去除而直接使用。
醇系溶劑列舉為例如:甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異丙醇、正丁醇、異丁醇、第二丁醇、第三丁醇、正戊醇、異戊醇、2-甲基丁醇、第二戊醇、第三戊醇、正己醇、2-甲基戊醇、第二己醇、2-乙基丁醇、第二庚醇、3-庚醇、正辛醇、2-乙基己醇、第二辛醇、正壬醇、2,6-二甲基-4-庚醇、正癸醇、第二-十一烷醇、三甲基壬醇、第二-十四烷醇、第二-十七烷醇等之1價脂肪族醇;環己醇、甲基環己醇、3,3,5-三甲基環己醇等1價脂環式醇;苄基醇、苯乙醇等芳香族醇;3-甲氧基丁醇、糠醇、二丙酮醇等1價之含酯基或酮基之醇;乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、2,4-戊二醇、2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇、2,5-己二醇、2,4-庚二醇、2-乙基-1,3-己二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、三乙二醇、三丙二醇等多元醇;
乙二醇單甲基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單丙基醚、乙二醇單丁基醚、乙二醇單己基醚、乙二醇單苯基醚、乙二醇單-2-乙基丁基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇單丙基醚、丙二醇單丁基醚等烷二醇單烷基醚;二乙二醇單甲基醚、二乙二醇單乙基醚、二乙二醇單丙基醚、二乙二醇單丁基醚、二乙二醇單己基醚、二丙二醇單甲基醚、二丙二醇單乙基醚、二丙二醇單丙基醚等含醚基之烷二醇單烷基醚等。
酮系溶劑列舉為例如:丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基正丙基酮、甲基正丁基酮、二乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、甲基正戊基酮、乙基正丁基酮、甲基正己基酮、二異丁基酮、三甲基壬酮等鏈狀酮;環戊酮、環己酮、環庚酮、環辛酮、甲基環己酮等環狀酮;苯乙酮、苯乙乙基酮等芳香族酮;丙酮基丙酮等之γ-二酮等。
醯胺系溶劑列舉為例如:N-甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二乙基甲醯胺、乙醯胺、N-甲基乙醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基丙醯胺等鏈狀醚胺;N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N’-二甲基咪唑啶酮等環狀醯胺等。
醚系溶劑列舉為例如:
二乙基醚、二丙基醚等二脂肪族醚;苯甲醚、苯基乙基醚等芳香族-脂肪族醚;二苯基醚等二芳香族醚;四氫呋喃、四氫吡喃、二噁烷等環狀醚等。
酯系溶劑列舉為例如:乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸異丙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸異丁酯、乙酸第二丁酯、乙酸正戊酯、乙酸第二戊酯、乙酸3-甲氧基丁酯、乙酸甲基戊酯、乙酸2-乙基丁酯、乙酸2-乙基己酯、乙酸苄酯、乙酸環己酯、乙酸甲基環己酯、乙酸正壬酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸正丁酯、丙酸異戊酯、乙醯基乙酸甲酯、乙醯基乙酸乙酯等單羧酸酯;草酸二乙酯、草酸二正丁酯、丙二酸二乙酯、苯二甲酸二甲酯、苯二甲酸二乙酯等二羧酸酯;乙酸乙二醇單甲基醚、乙酸乙二醇單乙基醚、乙酸乙二醇單丙基醚、乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚、乙酸丙二醇單乙基醚、乙酸丙二醇單丙基醚、乙酸丙二醇單丁基醚、丙酸丙二醇單甲基醚等烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯;乙酸二乙二醇單甲基醚、乙酸二乙二醇單乙基醚、乙酸二乙二醇單正丁基醚、乙酸二丙二醇單甲基醚、乙酸二丙二醇單乙基醚、丙酸二乙二醇單甲基醚等之含醚基之烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯;乙醇酸甲酯、乙醇酸乙酯、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸正丁酯、乳酸正戊酯等羥基酸酯;
γ-丁內酯、γ-戊內酯等內酯;碳酸二乙酯、碳酸伸丙酯等之碳酸酯等。
[B]溶劑於該等中,基於該無機膜形成組成物之塗佈性優異之觀點,以醇系溶劑、酯系溶劑較佳。醇系溶劑較好為1價脂肪族醇、烷二醇單烷基醚,更好為碳數4以上之1價脂肪族醇、碳數4以上之烷二醇單烷基醚,又更好為丁醇、異戊醇、丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇單丙基醚。酯系溶劑較好為羥基酸酯、內酯、烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯、含醚基之烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯,更好為碳數4以上之羥基酸酯、碳數4以上之內酯、碳數6以上之烷二醇單烷基醚之單羧酸之酯,又更好為乳酸乙酯、γ-丁內酯、乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚。
作為[B]溶劑之含量,係使該無機膜形成組成物中之[A]金屬化合物之含量,通常成為0.1質量%~50質量%之含量,較好成為0.5質量%~30質量%之含量,更好成為1質量%~15質量%之含量,又更好成為2質量%~10質量%之含量。該無機膜形成組成物藉由將組成物中之[A]金屬化合物之含量設為上述範圍,可進一步提高保存安定性及塗佈性。
該無機膜形成組成物亦可進一步含[C]交聯促進劑。[C]交聯促進劑係藉光或熱產生酸或鹼之化合物,藉由使該無機膜形成組成物進一步含有[C]交聯促進劑,可進一
步提高光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性。作為[C]交聯促進劑列舉為例如鎓鹽化合物、N-磺醯氧基醯亞胺化合物等。作為[C]交聯促進劑較好為藉熱產生酸或鹼之熱交聯促進劑,其中以鎓鹽化合物較佳。
至於鎓鹽化合物列舉為例如鋶鹽、四氫噻吩鎓鹽、錪鹽、銨鹽等。
鋶鹽列舉為例如三苯基鋶三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、三苯基鋶九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、三苯基鋶全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、三苯基鋶2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽、4-環己基苯基二苯基鋶三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、4-環己基苯基二苯基鋶九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、4-環己基苯基二苯基鋶全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、4-環己基苯基二苯基鋶2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽、4-甲烷磺醯基苯基二苯基鋶三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、4-甲烷磺醯基苯基二苯基鋶九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、4-甲烷磺醯基苯基二苯基鋶全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、4-甲烷磺醯基苯基二苯基鋶2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽、三苯基鋶1,1,2,2-四氟-6-(1-金剛烷羰氧基)-己烷-1-磺酸鹽等。
四氫噻吩鎓鹽列舉為例如1-(4-正丁氧基萘-1-基)四氫噻吩鎓三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、1-(4-正丁氧基萘-1-基)四氫噻吩鎓九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、1-(4-正丁氧基萘-1-基)四氫噻吩鎓全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、1-(4-正丁氧基萘-1-基)四氫噻吩鎓2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽、1-(6-正丁氧基萘-2-基)四氫噻吩鎓三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、1-(6-正丁
氧基萘-2-基)四氫噻吩鎓九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、1-(6正丁氧基萘-2-基)四氫噻吩鎓全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、1-(6-正丁氧基萘-2-基)四氫噻吩鎓2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽、1-(3,5-二甲基-4-羥基苯基)四氫噻吩鎓三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、1-(3,5-二甲基-4-羥基苯基)四氫噻吩鎓九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、1-(3,5-二甲基-4-羥基苯基)四氫噻吩鎓全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、1-(3,5-二甲基-4-羥基苯基)四氫噻吩鎓2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽等。
至於錪鹽列舉為例如二苯基錪三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、二苯基錪九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、二苯基錪全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、二苯基錪2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽、雙(4-第三丁基苯基)錪三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、雙(4-第三丁基苯基)錪九氟正丁烷磺酸鹽、雙(4-第三丁基苯基)錪全氟正辛烷磺酸鹽、雙(4-第三丁基苯基)錪2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺酸鹽等。
銨鹽列舉為例如乙酸銨、馬來酸銨、富馬酸銨、鄰苯二甲酸銨、丙二酸銨、琥珀酸銨、酒石酸銨、蘋果酸銨、乳酸銨、檸檬酸銨、乙酸銨、丙酸銨、丁酸銨、戊酸銨、己酸銨、庚酸銨、辛酸銨、壬酸銨、癸酸銨、草酸銨、己二酸銨、癸二酸銨、丁酸銨、油酸銨、硬脂酸銨、亞油酸銨、亞麻酸銨、水楊酸銨、苯磺酸銨、苯甲酸銨、對-胺基苯甲酸銨、對-甲苯磺酸銨、甲烷磺酸銨、三氟甲烷磺酸銨、三氟乙烷磺酸銨等。此外,上述銨鹽之銨離子列舉為經甲基銨離子、二甲基銨離子、三甲基銨離
子、四甲基銨離子、乙基銨離子、二乙基銨離子、三乙基銨離子、四乙基銨離子、丙基銨離子、二丙基銨離子、三丙基銨離子、四丙基銨離子、丁基銨離子、二丁基銨離子、三丁基銨離子、四丁基銨離子、三甲基乙基銨離子、二甲基二乙基銨離子、二甲基乙基丙基銨離子、甲基乙基丙基丁基銨離子、乙醇銨離子、二乙醇銨離子、三乙醇銨離子取代之銨鹽,1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯甲酸鹽、1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯對-甲苯磺酸鹽等之1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯鹽,1,5-二氮雜雙環[4.3.0]-5-壬烯甲酸鹽、1,5-二氮雜雙環[4.3.0]-5-壬烯對甲苯磺酸鹽等之1,5-二氮雜雙環[4.3.0]-5-壬烯鹽等。
N-磺醯氧基醯亞胺化合物列舉為例如N-(三氟甲烷磺醯氧基)雙環[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-2,3-二羧醯亞胺、N-(九氟正丁烷磺醯氧基)雙環[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-2,3-二羧醯亞胺、N-(全氟正辛烷磺醯氧基)雙環[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-2,3-二羧醯亞胺、N-(2-雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷磺醯氧基)雙環[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-2,3-二羧醯亞胺等。
該等[C]交聯促進劑中,以鎓鹽化合物較佳,更好為錪鹽、銨鹽,又更好為二苯基錪三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、乙酸四甲基銨。
該等[C]交聯促進劑可單獨使用亦可併用2種以上。[C]交聯促進劑之含量相對於[A]金屬化合物100質量份,較好為0質量份以上且10質量份以下,更好為0.1質量份以上且5質量份以下。藉由將[C]交聯促進劑之含
量設為上述範圍,可進一步提高該無機膜形成組成物之光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性。
該無機膜形成組成物在不損及本發明效果之範圍內,亦可含有界面活性劑等其他任意成分。
界面活性劑係發揮改良塗佈性、條紋性等之作用之成分。至於界面活性劑列舉為例如聚氧乙烯月桂基醚、聚氧乙烯硬脂基醚、聚氧乙烯油基醚、聚氧乙烯正辛基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯正壬基苯基醚、聚乙二醇二月桂酸酯、聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯等非離子系界面活性劑,以及以商品名KP341(信越化學工業公司)、POLYFLOW No.75、POLYFLOW No.95(以上為共榮社化學公司)、EF TOP EF301、EF TOP EF303、EF TOP EF352(以上為TOHCHEM PRODUCTS公司)、MEGAFAC F171、MEGAFAC F173(以上為大日本油墨化學工業公司)、FLORARD FC430、FLORARD FC431(以上為住友3M公司)、ASAHI GUARD AG710、SURFLON S-382、SURFLON SC-101、SURFLON SC-102、SURFLON SC-103、SURFLON SC-104、SURFLON SC-105、SURFLON SC-106(以上為旭硝子公司)等。
界面活性劑可單獨使用亦可併用2種以上。此外,界面活性劑之調配量可依其目的適當決定。
該無機膜形成組成物可藉由以特定之比例混合[A]金屬化合物及[B]溶劑、以及視需要之[C]交聯促進劑及其他任意成分等予以調製。如上述,[B]溶劑亦可直接使用[A]金屬化合物之合成所用之溶劑,調製無機膜形成組成物。該無機膜形成組成物通常係在其使用時溶解於溶劑中後,藉由以例如孔徑0.2μm左右之過濾器過濾予以調製。
該圖型形成方法具備有下列步驟:於基板之上面側形成無機膜之步驟(以下亦稱為「無機膜形成步驟」),於上述無機膜之上面側形成光阻圖型之步驟(以下亦稱為「光阻圖型形成步驟」),及以上述光阻圖型作為遮罩利用1次或複數次之乾蝕刻於上述基板上形成圖型之步驟(以下亦稱為「基板圖型形成步驟」),且藉由該多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物形成上述無機膜。
依據該圖型形成方法,由於使用上述該無機膜形成組成物,故可一面同時發揮優異之洗淨溶劑去除性與揮發抑制性,一面形成光阻形成性及蝕刻選擇性優異之無機膜。此外,即使光阻圖型薄膜化時,仍可抑制光阻圖
型之消失、模崩潰、彎曲等,而可忠實地進行圖型轉印。
該圖型形成方法中,上述光阻圖型形成步驟亦可含下列步驟:於上述無機膜上層合抗反射膜之步驟,及於上述層合之抗反射膜上形成光阻圖型之步驟。
該圖型形成方法中,於無機膜之上面側使用光阻組成物等形成光阻圖型時,於形成抗反射膜而進行時,可更提高光阻圖型形成性。
該圖型形成方法中,亦較好進一步具備於基板上形成光阻下層膜之步驟(以下亦稱為「光阻下層膜形成步驟」),且上述無機膜形成步驟中於上述光阻下層膜上形成無機膜。
該無機膜形成組成物,基於對有機材料具有優異之蝕刻選擇性而言,可藉由依序乾蝕刻無機膜、有機膜的光阻下層膜,而可能進行光阻圖型之轉印。以下針對各步驟加以說明。
本步驟係以該無機膜形成組成物,於基板上之上面側形成無機膜。上述基板列舉為例如氧化矽、氮化矽、氧氮化矽、聚矽氧烷等絕緣膜,以及市售品的BLACK DIAMOND(AMAT公司)、SILK(DowChemical公司)、LKD5109(JSR公司)等之以低介電體絕緣膜被覆之晶圓等之層間絕緣膜
等。且,該基板亦可使用進行配線溝(溝槽)、栓溝(貫穿孔)等之圖型化之基板。上述無機膜可藉由於基板表面上塗佈該無機膜形成組成物形成塗膜,且藉加熱處理、或進行紫外光之照射及加熱處理使該塗膜硬化、燒成等而形成。塗佈該無機膜形成組成物之方法列舉為例如旋塗法、輥塗法、浸漬法等。此外,上述加熱處理之溫度通常為150℃~500℃,較好為180℃~350℃。上述加熱處理之時間通常為30秒~1,200秒,較好為45秒~600秒。上述紫外光之照射條件係依據該無機膜形成組成物之組成等而適當選擇。形成之無機膜膜厚通常為5nm~50nm左右。
此外,上述無機膜形成步驟之前,亦可具有使用光阻下層膜形成組成物,於基板上形成有機膜的光阻下層膜之步驟。光阻下層膜形成組成物可使用過去習知者,例如NFC HM8005(JSR公司)等。上述光阻下層膜係藉由於基板上塗佈光阻下層膜形成組成物形成塗膜,且藉進行加熱處理、或紫外光之照射及加熱處理使該塗膜硬化、乾燥等而形成。塗佈光阻下層膜形成組成物之方法列舉為例如旋塗法、輥塗法、浸漬法等。且,上述加熱處理之溫度通常為150℃~500℃,較好為180℃~350℃。上述加熱處理之時間通常為30秒~1,200秒,較好為45秒~600秒。上述紫外光之照射條件係依據光阻下層膜形成組成物之組
成等而適當選擇。形成之光阻下層膜膜厚通常為50nm~500nm左右。
此外,於上述基板表面亦可形成與上述光阻下層膜不同之其他下層膜。其他下層膜為賦予抗反射功能、塗佈膜平坦性、對於CF4等氟系氣體之高蝕刻耐性等之膜。其他下層膜可使用例如NFC HM8005(JSR公司)等之市售品。
本步驟係於上述形成之無機膜之上面側形成光阻圖型。形成該光阻圖型之方法列舉為例如使用(A)光阻組成物之方法,(B)以奈米壓印光微影(nanoimprint lithography)法進行之方法等。以下針對各者加以說明。
使用本方法時,光阻圖型形成步驟包含下列步驟:以光阻組成物於上述無機膜之上面側形成光阻膜之步驟(以下亦稱為「光阻膜形成步驟」),使上述光阻膜曝光之步驟(以下亦稱為「曝光步驟」),及使上述曝光之光阻膜顯像之步驟(以下亦稱為「顯像步驟」),以下,針對各步驟加以說明。
本步驟係以光阻組成物於上述無機膜之上面側形成光阻膜。上述光阻組成物列舉為例如含有具有酸解離性基之聚合物與敏輻射線性酸產生劑之光阻組成物、含有鹼可溶性樹脂與醌疊氮系感光劑之正型光阻組成物、含有鹼可溶性樹脂與交聯劑之負型光阻組成物等。亦可使用市售品之光阻組成物作為該光阻組成物。至於光阻組成物之塗佈方法可利用例如旋塗法等過去之方法塗佈。又,塗佈光阻組成物時,係以使所得光阻膜成為期望膜厚之方式,調整塗佈之光阻組成物之量。上述光阻膜之形成亦可於上述無機膜上層合抗反射膜,且於該層合之抗反射膜上進行。使用該光阻組成物形成光阻圖型時,在形成抗反射膜進行時,可進一步提高所得光阻圖型之形成性。
上述光阻膜可藉由使塗佈上述光阻組成物而形成之塗膜預烘烤(PB)等,使塗膜中之溶劑揮發、並乾燥而形成。PB之溫度係依據使用之光阻組成物之種類適當調整,但較好為30℃~200℃,更好為50℃~150℃。PB時間通常為30秒~200秒,較好為45秒~120秒。形成之光阻膜膜厚為1nm~500nm,較好為10nm~300nm。又,亦可於該光阻膜表面設置其他膜。
本步驟係使上述形成之光阻膜曝光。該曝光通常係藉由透過光罩對光阻膜選擇性照射輻射線而進行。曝光所用
之輻射線係依據光阻組成物所使用之酸產生劑之種類而定,例如,由可見光線、紫外線、遠紫外線、X射線、γ射線等之電磁波;電子束、分子束、離子束等粒子束等適當的選擇,但以遠紫外線較佳,更好為KrF準分子雷射光(248nm)、ArF準分子雷射光(193nm)、F2準分子雷射光(波長157nm)、Kr2準分子雷射光(波長147nm)、ArKr準分子雷射光(波長134nm)、極紫外線(波長13nm)等。此外,亦可採用液浸曝光法。該情況下,亦可於光阻膜上使用液浸上層膜形成組成物形成液浸上層膜。
上述曝光後,為提高光阻膜之解像度、圖型輪廓、顯像性等,較好進行後烘烤。該後烘烤之溫度係依據使用之光阻組成物種類等適當調整,但較好為50℃~180℃,更好為70℃~150℃。後烘烤時間通常為30秒~200秒,較好為45秒~120秒。
本步驟係使上述經曝光之光阻膜顯像。顯像所用之顯像液可依據使用之光阻組成物之種類適當選擇。上述含有具有酸解離性基之聚合物與敏輻射線性酸產生劑之光阻組成物或含鹼可溶性樹脂之正型光阻組成物之情況,列舉例如氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、碳酸鈉、矽酸鈉、偏矽酸鈉、氨、乙基胺、正丙基胺、二乙基胺、二正丙基胺、三乙基胺、甲基二乙基胺、二甲基乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、氫氧化四甲基銨(TMAH)、氫氧化四乙基銨、吡咯、哌啶、膽鹼、
1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]-7-十一碳烯、1,5-二氮雜雙環[4.3.0]-5-壬烯等鹼性水溶液,可形成正型之光阻圖型。該等中,以TMAH水溶液較佳。該等鹼性水溶液亦可為適當添加水溶性有機溶劑例如甲醇、乙醇等醇類、或界面活性劑者。
又,含有具有上述酸解離性基之聚合物與敏輻射線性酸產生劑之光阻組成物之情況,使用含有有機溶劑之液體作為上述顯像液,可形成負型光阻圖型。據此,藉由使用含有具有酸解離性基之聚合物之光阻組成物,且使用含有有機溶劑之顯像液,可形成更微細之光阻圖型,進而,可形成更微細之基板圖型。上述有機溶劑列舉為例如與該無機膜形成組成物之作為[B]溶劑例示之溶劑相同者等。該等中,以酯系溶劑較佳,更好為乙酸丁酯。
又,負型化學增幅型光阻組成物、含有鹼可溶性樹脂之負型光阻組成物時,列舉為例如氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、碳酸鈉、矽酸鈉、偏矽酸鈉、氨水等無機鹼類,乙基胺、正丙基胺等第一胺類、二乙基胺、二正丁基胺等第二胺類、三乙基胺、甲基二乙基胺等第三胺類、二甲基乙醇胺、三乙醇胺等醇胺類、氫氧化四甲基銨、氫氧化四乙基銨、膽鹼等第四級銨鹽、吡咯、哌啶等環狀胺類等鹼類之水溶液等。
使用本方法時,光阻圖型形成方法含下列步驟:
藉由奈米壓印光微影法,使用光阻組成物,於上述無機膜上形成光阻圖型之步驟(以下,亦稱為「藉由奈米壓印光微影法進行之光阻圖型形成步驟」)。
以下,針對該步驟加以說明。
本步驟係藉由奈米壓印光微影法,使用光阻組成物,於上述無機膜上形成光阻圖型。詳述本步驟時,係包含於上述無機膜上形成圖型形成層之步驟(以下,亦稱為「圖型形成層形成步驟」)、疏水化處理表面具有反轉圖型之模之表面之步驟(以下亦稱為「疏水化處理步驟」)、將經疏水化處理之上述模之表面壓接於圖型形成層上之步驟(以下亦稱為「壓接步驟」)、在壓接上述模之狀態下使圖型形成層曝光之步驟(以下亦稱為「曝光步驟」)、及自曝光之圖型形成層剝離上述模之步驟(以下亦稱為「剝離步驟」)之方法。
以下,針對各步驟加以說明。
本步驟係於上述無機膜上形成圖型形成層。構成圖型形成層之成分為奈米壓印用敏輻射線性組成物。圖型形成層中除奈米壓印用敏輻射線性組成物外,亦可含硬化促進劑。硬化促進劑有例如敏輻射線硬化促進劑或熱硬化促進劑。該等中,以敏輻射線硬化促進劑較佳。敏輻射線硬化
促進劑可依據構成奈米壓印用敏輻射線性組成物之構成單位適當選擇,列舉為例如光酸產生劑、光鹼產生劑及光增感劑等。又,敏輻射線性硬化促進劑可單獨使用,亦可併用2種以上。
上述敏輻射線性組成物之塗佈方法列舉為例如噴墨法、浸漬塗佈法、氣刀塗佈法、簾塗法、金屬線塗佈法、凹版塗佈法、擠出塗佈法、旋塗法、狹縫掃描法等。
本步驟係使表面具有反轉塗型之模之表面進行疏水化處理。上述模須以光透過性材料構成。該光透過性材料列舉為例如玻璃、石英、PMMA、聚碳酸酯樹脂等之光透過性樹脂;透明金屬蒸鍍膜、聚二甲基矽氧烷等之柔軟膜;光硬化膜;金屬膜等。
上述疏水化處理係使用例如脫模劑等。該脫模劑列舉為例如矽系脫模劑、氟矽脫模劑、聚乙烯系脫模劑、聚丙烯系脫模劑、鏈烷系脫模劑、褐媒(montan)系脫模劑、巴西棕櫚系(carnauba)脫模劑等。又,脫模劑可單獨使用,亦可併用2種以上。該等中,以矽系脫模劑較佳。該矽系脫模劑列舉為例如聚二甲基矽氧烷、丙烯酸聚矽氧接枝聚合物、丙烯酸矽氧烷、芳基矽氧烷等。
本步驟係將經疏水化處理之上述模之表面壓接於圖型形成層上。藉由於圖型形成層上壓接具有凹凸圖型之模而在圖型形成層中形成模凹凸圖型。壓接模時之壓力通常為0.1MPa~100MPa,較好為0.1MPa~50MPa,更好為0.1MPa~30MPa。壓接時間通常為1秒~600秒,較好為1秒~300秒,更好為1秒~180秒。
本步驟係在壓接上述模之狀態下使圖型形成層曝光。藉由使圖型形成層曝光,自奈米壓印用敏輻射線性組成物中所含之光聚合起始劑產生自由基。藉此,使由奈米壓印用敏輻射線性組成物所成之圖型形成層在轉印模之凹凸圖型之狀態下硬化。藉由轉印凹凸圖型,可利用作為例如LSI、系統LSI、DRAM、SDRAM、RDRAM、D-RDRAM等之半導體元件之層間絕緣膜、半導體元件之製造中之光光阻膜等。
此外,圖型形成層具有熱硬化性時,亦可進一步進行加熱硬化。進行熱硬化時,加熱環境及加熱溫度並無特別限制,例如可在惰性環境或減壓下,在40℃~200℃下加熱。加熱可使用加熱板、烘箱、烤爐等進行。
本步驟係自經曝光之圖型形成層剝離上述模。剝離方法並無特別限制,例如以使固定有基材之模自基材遠離之
方式移動進行剝離,亦可使固定有模之基材自模遠離之方式移動進行剝離,亦可使該等二者朝反方向拉開而剝離。
本步驟係以上述光阻圖型作為遮罩藉由1次或複數次之乾蝕刻,而於基板上形成圖型。又,形成上述光阻下層膜時,係以上述光阻圖型作為遮罩依序乾蝕刻無機膜、光阻下層膜及被加工機板而形成圖型。乾蝕刻可使用習知之乾蝕刻裝置進行。此外,乾蝕刻時之來源氣體係依據被蝕刻物之元素組成而定,但可使用O2、CO、CO2等之含氧原子之氣體,He、N2、Ar等惰性氣體、Cl2、BCl3等氯系氣體、CHF3、CF4等氟系氣體、H2、NH3等氣體等。又,該等氣體亦可混合使用。
以下藉實施例更具體說明本發明,但本發明並不受限於該等實施例。本實施例中之物性值之測定方法示於下。
金屬化合物之絕對分子量系藉靜態光散射測定法利用以下裝置及條件求出。
裝置:光散射測定裝置(德國ALV公司之「ALV-5000」)
條件:調製濃度2.5質量%、5.0質量%、7.5質量%、10.0質量%之各溶液,將濾液填充於石英盒中後以上述裝置進行測定。
標準液體:甲苯
測定溫度:23℃
又,計算絕對分子量所需之下述參數係使用以下裝置測定。
溶液折射率:折射計(京都電子工業公司之「RA-500」)
溶液密度:密度比重計(京都電子工業公司之「DA-100」)
將測定固體成分濃度之溶液1.00g饋入經秤量之鋁盤(A[g])中,使用150℃之加熱板使鋁盤在大氣下加熱1小時後,冷卻至室溫,再度秤量(B[g]),由求出之各質量A及B之值,依據固體成分濃度(質量%)=(B-A)×100之關係式算出固體成分濃度。
[A]金屬化合物之合成所用之化合物示於下。
M-1:鈦(IV)二異丙氧基雙(2,4-戊烷二酸酯)(75質量%濃度之2-丙醇溶液)
M-2:鈦(IV)二異丙氧基雙(乙醯基乙酸乙酯)
M-3:鋯(IV).二正丁氧化物.雙(2,4-戊烷二酸酯)(60質量%濃度之丁醇溶液)
M-4:鉭(V)四乙氧基(2,4-戊烷二酸酯)
M-5:雙(環戊二烯基)鎢(IV)二氯化物
將上述化合物(M-1)50.9g(金屬化合物之質量:38.2g、0.105mol)溶解於丙二醇單乙基醚178.9g中,充分攪拌後在室溫下於10分鐘內將水20.2g(1.12mol)滴加於該溶液中。接著,在60℃進行反應2小時後冷卻至室溫,再添加丙二醇單乙基醚250g後,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為11.0質量%。且,該溶液中所含之[A]金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為24,500。該溶液以丙二醇單乙基醚稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之[A]金屬化合物之溶液(S-1)。
混合上述化合物(M-1)40.00g(金屬化合物之質量:30.0g,0.082mol)及丙二醇單甲基醚54.1g,在室溫下充分攪拌後,混合水5.94g(0.33mol),且升溫至60℃進行加熱攪拌4小時。反應結束後,冷卻至室溫,添加50.0g之丙二醇單甲基醚,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為11.0質量%。
且,該溶液中所含之金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為6,000。該溶液以丙二醇單甲基醚稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之金屬化合物之溶液(CS-1)。
將上述化合物(M-2)7.6g(0.018mol)溶解於2-丙醇40.2g中,充分攪拌後在室溫下於10分鐘內將水0.54g(0.030mol)與馬來酸酐0.17g(1.7mmol)之混合液滴加於該溶液中。接著,在60℃進行反應4小時後冷卻至室溫,再添加乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚50g後,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為10.5質量%。且,該溶液中所含之[A]金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為8,600。該溶液以乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之[A]金屬化合物之溶液(S-2)。
將上述化合物(M-2)7.6g(0.018mol)溶解於2-丙醇40.2g中,充分攪拌後在室溫下於10分鐘內將水1.08g(0.060莫耳)與馬來酸酐0.17g(1.7mmol)之混合液滴加於該溶液中。接著,在60℃進行反應4小時後冷卻至室溫,再添加乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚50g後,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為10.8質量%。且,該溶液中所含之金屬化合物以靜態
光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為86,700。該溶液以乙酸丙二醇單甲基醚稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之金屬化合物之溶液(CS-2)。
將上述化合物(M-3)16.7g(金屬化合物之質量:10.0g,0.023mol)溶解於1-丁醇99.6g中,充分攪拌後在室溫下於10分鐘內將水2.5g(0.14mol)滴加於該溶液中。接著在70℃進行反應3小時後冷卻至室溫,再添加1-丁醇100g後,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為11.3質量%。且,該溶液中所含之[A]金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為45,000。該溶液以1-丁醇稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之[A]金屬化合物之溶液(S-3)。
將上述化合物(M-3)16.7g(金屬化合物之質量:10.0g,0.023mol)溶解於丙二醇單丙基醚99.6g中。接著,於該溶液中添加水0.41g(0.023mol),在室溫下攪拌24小時。取出所得溶液中之11.7g(含0.0023mol之Zr),與2-氰基-3-(4-羥基苯基)-丙烯酸乙酯(CHAE)0.25g(1.15mol)混合,在室溫攪拌1小時獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為8.0質量%。且,該溶液中所含之金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為2,500。該溶液以丙二醇
單丙基醚稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之金屬化合物之溶液(CS-3)。
將上述化合物(M-4)4.6g(0.010mol)溶解於乙醇44.32g中,充分攪拌後在室溫下於10分鐘內將水1.08g(0.060mol)滴加於該溶液中。接著,在60℃進行反應1小時後冷卻至室溫,再添加γ-丁內酯50g後,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為11.0質量%。且,該溶液中所含之[A]金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為29,000。該溶液以γ-丁內酯稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之[A]金屬化合物之溶液(S-4)。
將上述化合物(M-5)3.8g(0.010mol)溶解於乳酸乙酯44.42g中,充分攪拌後在室溫下於10分鐘內將水1.8g(0.10mol)滴加於該溶液中。接著在60℃進行反應2小時後冷卻至室溫,再添加乳酸乙酯50g後,以旋轉蒸發器實施減壓濃縮,去除低沸點成分獲得溶液。該溶液之固體成分濃度為11.0質量%。且,該溶液中所含之[A]金屬化合物以靜態光散射測定法測定之絕對分子量為13,000。該溶液以乳酸乙酯稀釋調製固體成分濃度為3質量%之[A]金屬化合物之溶液(S-5)。
無機膜形成組成物之調製中使用之[C]交聯促進劑示於下。
C-1:二苯基錪三氟甲烷磺酸鹽
C-2:乙酸四甲基銨
以孔徑0.2μm之過濾器過濾上述獲得之金屬化合物(S-1)之溶液100.0質量份,調製多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物(J-1)。
除了使用下述表1所示種類之金屬化合物之溶液100.0質量份,且視需要使用表1所示種類及量之[C]交聯促進劑以外,餘與實施例1同樣操作,調製多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物(J-2)~(J-5)及(CJ-1)~(CJ-3)。又,「-」表示未使用該成分。
針對上述調製之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,根據下述方法進行評價。評價結果匯總示於表1。
將多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物滴加於作為基板之矽晶圓上後,以1,000rpm旋轉基板30秒,形成塗膜(未加熱模)。將該塗膜(塗佈旋轉乾燥後之無機膜)之一部分浸漬於作為洗淨基板之端部及背面之洗淨溶劑的γ-丁內酯中1分鐘後,以空氣槍乾燥。依據此時之未加熱膜之去除程度,以下述指標評價洗淨溶劑去除性。
A(良好):以目視確認膜完全去除
B(不良):以目視確認膜一部分未去除
以旋轉塗佈器將多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物塗佈於作為基板之8吋矽晶圓上,形成塗膜。在該基板塗膜之正上方,透過0.75mm之隔板以使表面成為塗佈膜側之方式放置空白之8英吋矽晶圓。接著,對與該空白晶圓成對之塗佈基板在250℃加熱5分鐘,以空白晶圓捕集自塗膜中揮發之成分。接著,將捕集用之空白晶圓之中心部分切成1cm見方,使用12.5質量%之氟化氫水溶液0.1mL蝕刻切割部之表面,所得液體以超純水稀釋10倍,藉由以ICP-MS測定裝置(Agilent Technology公司之「Agilent 7500s」)測定該稀釋液含有之金屬量,定量烘烤時揮發之無機膜成分。重複進行該等一連串操作3次。且,針對未進行上述捕集操作之新品之空白晶圓亦重複進行上述同樣
操作3次作為參考試驗。捕集所用之空白晶圓蝕刻後之回收液中所含之無機膜成分之分析3次之平均值(S),與參考試驗之蝕刻後之回收液中所含無機膜成分之分析3次之平均值(R)之關係,在S/R<1.1時之揮發抑制性評價為「A(良好)」,S/R≧1.1時之揮發抑制性評價為「B(不良)」。
以旋轉塗佈器將光阻下層膜形成組成物(JSR公司之「NFC HM8005」)塗佈於作為基板之矽晶圓上,在250℃之加熱板上乾燥60秒,藉此形成膜厚為300nm之光阻下層膜。以旋轉塗佈器將多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物塗佈於形成之光阻下層膜上,在250℃之加熱板上燒成60秒,形成膜厚20nm之無機膜。將光阻組成物(JSR公司之「ARX2014J」)塗佈於形成之無機膜上,在90℃乾燥60秒,形成膜厚100nm之光阻膜。將液浸上層膜形成組成物(JSR公司之「NFC TCX091-7」)塗佈於形成之光阻膜上,在90℃乾燥60秒,形成膜厚30nm之液浸上層膜。隨後,透過形成之線與間隔之寬度均為50nm之線與間隔圖型形成用之光罩,使用ArF準分子雷射照射裝置(NIKON公司之「S610C」),利用液浸曝光法,以16mJ/cm2之曝光量曝光後,使含光阻膜之基板在115℃加熱60秒。接著,使用2.38質量%之氫氧化四甲基銨水溶液
作為顯像液顯像30秒,形成50nm之1L/1S光阻圖型。以掃描型電子顯微鏡(日立高科技公司)觀察所形成之光阻圖型,在50nm之線與間隔圖型中,光阻圖型之底部形狀不成為擴展形狀之情況,光阻圖型形成性評價為「A(良好)」,成為擴展形狀時評價為「B(不良)」。對於以形成之光阻圖型作為遮罩之無機膜及基板,使用乾蝕刻裝置(東京Electronic公司之「Telius SCCM」)依序進行乾蝕刻,進行圖型轉印。
以旋轉塗佈器將光阻下層膜形成組成物(JSR公司之「NFC HM8005」)塗佈於作為基板之矽晶圓上,在250℃之加熱板上乾燥60秒,藉此形成膜厚300nm之光阻下層膜。以旋轉塗佈器將多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物塗佈於所形成之光阻下層膜上,在250℃之加熱板上燒成60秒,而形成膜厚20nm之無機膜。將光阻組成物(JSR公司之「ARX2014J」)塗佈於所形成之無機膜上,在90℃乾燥60秒,形成膜厚100nm之光阻膜。將液浸上層膜形成組成物(JSR公司之「NFC TCX091-7」)塗佈於所形成之光阻膜上,在90℃乾燥60秒,形成膜厚30nm之液浸上層膜。隨後,透過形成之線與間隔之寬度均為40nm之線與間隔圖型形成用之光罩,使用ArF準分子雷射照射裝置(NIKON公司之「S610C」),利用液浸曝光法,以16mJ/cm2之曝光量曝光後,使含光阻膜之基板在115℃加熱
60秒。接著,使用乙酸丁酯作為顯像液覆液顯像30秒,且以甲基異丁基卡必醇(MIBC)洗滌。藉由2,000rpm、甩動15秒進行旋轉乾燥,形成40nm之1L/1S光阻圖型。以掃描型電子顯微鏡(日立高科技公司)觀察所形成之光阻圖型,在40nm之線與間隔圖型中,光阻圖型之底部形狀不成為擴展形狀之情況,光阻圖型形成性評價為「A(良好)」,成為擴展形狀時評價為「B(不良)」。對於以形成之光阻圖型作為遮罩之無機膜及基板,使用乾蝕刻裝置(東京Electronic公司之「Telius SCCM」)依序進行乾蝕刻,進行圖型轉印。
使用上述蝕刻裝置,藉以下2種方法蝕刻上述無機膜,評價蝕刻選擇性。
(1)以每分鐘200nm之速度蝕刻上述光阻下層膜(NFC HM8005)之條件
(2)以每分鐘100nm之速度蝕刻二氧化矽膜之條件
該等各蝕刻條件中,無機膜中之初期膜厚與蝕刻後之膜厚之差未達5nm時,蝕刻選擇性評價為「A(良好)」,差為5nm以上時評價為「B(不良)」。蝕刻選擇性評價為良好時,由無機膜形成組成物形成之無機膜可具有在加工各膜時作為遮罩膜之良好功能。
由表1所示之結果可了解,實施例之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,即使為塗佈旋轉乾燥後之無機膜,對於基板端部及背面洗淨用溶劑之溶解性亦良好,且抑制烘烤時之無機成分之揮發。可知進而形成之無機膜之蝕刻選擇性優異,且光阻圖型之形成性優異。實施例5之二氧化矽膜蝕刻條件中之耐蝕刻性不良,此係因為在二氧化矽膜之蝕刻條件下容易使藉由烘烤所得之氧化鎢膜蝕刻。據此,實施例5之情況下,可謂僅在光阻下層膜蝕刻加工時作為遮罩具有有效性。
另一方面,關於比較例之無機膜形成組成物,比較例1及比較例3之揮發抑制性不良,此認為係由於金屬化合物之絕對分子量小,故即使塗佈旋轉乾燥後仍含有較多的因加熱而易揮發之成分。比較例2係因金屬化合物之絕對分子量太大所致,故認為塗佈旋轉乾燥後之無機膜中之洗淨溶劑去除性不良。
本發明可提供塗佈旋轉乾燥後對基板端部及背面洗淨用之溶劑之溶解性良好,膜烘烤時不會發生源自無機膜之揮發,且光阻圖型形成性及蝕刻選擇性均優異之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,以及圖型形成方法。據此,使用該無機膜形成組成物之多層光阻製程中,去除塗佈旋轉後之基板上之膜之部位之藉有機溶劑之去除性能優異,烘烤時腔室內不會受無機物污染,即使使有機膜薄
膜化時,仍可抑制光阻圖型之消失、膜崩壞、彎曲等,可忠實地進行圖形轉印。據此,本發明極適合使用於被視為今後進行更微細化之LSI製造製程,尤其是微細接觸孔等之形成中。
Claims (12)
- 一種多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其含有金屬化合物及溶劑,該金屬化合物含有由鈦、鉭、鋯及鎢所組成之群選出之至少一種之複數金屬原子、使上述複數金屬原子間交聯之氧原子、及配位於上述金屬原子上之多齒配位子,且上述金屬化合物以靜態光散射法測定之絕對分子量為8,000以上且50,000以下。
- 如請求項1之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述金屬化合物主要含有於金屬原子上鍵結2個交聯氧原子之構造。
- 如請求項1之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述多齒配位子係源自由羥酸酯、β-二酮、β-酮酯、β-二羧酸酯及具有Π鍵之烴所組成之群選出之至少一種。
- 如請求項1之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述金屬原子係由鈦及鋯所組成之群選出之至少一種。
- 如請求項1之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述溶劑包含自碳數4以上之脂肪族1元醇、碳數4以上之烷二醇單烷基醚、碳數4以上之羥酸酯、碳數4以上之內酯及碳數6以上之烷二醇單烷基醚羧酸酯所組成之群選出之至少一種。
- 如請求項1之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物, 其中,上述金屬化合物係以下述式(1)表示之化合物的水解縮合物:[化1][M La Xb] (1)(式(1)中,M為鈦原子、鉭原子、鋯原子或鎢原子,L為多齒配位子,a為1~3之整數,a為2以上時,複數個L可相同亦可不同,X為鹵配位子、羥基配位子、羧基配位子、烷氧基配位子、羧酸酯配位子或醯胺配位子,b為2~6之整數,複數個X可相同亦可不同,但,a×2+b為6以下)。
- 如請求項6之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述式(1)中之b為2。
- 如請求項6之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述式(1)中之L之多齒配位子係源自於由羥酸酯、β-二酮、β-酮酯、β-二羧酸酯及具有Π鍵之烴所組成之群選出之至少一種。
- 如請求項6之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物,其中,上述式(1)中之X為烷氧基配位子。
- 一種圖型形成方法,其具備下列步驟:於基板之上面側形成無機膜之步驟;於上述無機膜之上面側形成光阻圖型之步驟;及藉由以上述光阻圖型作為遮罩之1次或複數次的 乾蝕刻於上述基板上形成圖型之步驟;其中上述無機膜係以如請求項1之多層光阻製程用無機膜形成組成物所形成。
- 如請求項10之圖型形成方法,其中上述光阻圖型形成步驟包含下列步驟:於上述無機膜上層合抗反射膜之步驟,及於上述經層合之抗反射膜上形成光阻圖型之步驟。
- 如請求項10之圖型形成方法,其進而具備於基板上形成光阻下層膜之步驟,係於上述無機膜形成步驟中,在上述光阻下層膜上形成無機膜。
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