TW201402001A - Method for cultivating mushrooms using reusable fiber substrate, and culture medium for cultivation using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technique for cultivating mushrooms that can considerably reduce waste material produced after cultivation, and that can recover and reuse a culture substrate after cultivation. Mushroom cultivation is made possible when a culture medium for cultivation is used, the culture medium for cultivation being impregnated with water and a nutrient source using a reusable fiber substrate as a culture substrate. Furthermore, the culture substrate can be easily recovered after cultivation, and the culture medium can be washed in a simple manner using an existing washing device and reused as a culture substrate, and is capable of considerably reducing waste material produced by mushroom cultivation.

Description

Mushroom cultivation method using recyclable fiber as substrate and cultivation medium used therefor Field of invention

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating mushrooms by mushroom bed cultivation. More specifically, the mushroom cultivation method which can reproduce the culture medium material and contribute to the reduction of waste. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a culture medium for cultivation used in the cultivation method.

Background of the invention

In recent years, due to the improvement of health awareness, mushrooms have attracted attention as health foods. In the past, many commercially available mushrooms were produced by artificial mushroom bed cultivation using a culture medium for adding sawdust to water and nutrients. However, due to the spread of mushroom bed cultivation and the increase in the amount of mushroom production, the amount of sawdust that becomes waste after cultivation has dramatically increased. Therefore, while the waste disposal method of scraping sawdust after use is troubled, there is also concern that sawdust may be insufficiently supplied in the future.

Here, in the past, the culture medium for mushroom cultivation was tried to reduce the amount of sawdust used. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method of cultivating a mushroom in a mushroom bed using a culture medium for mixing a broken paper material obtained by breaking a waste paper into a small sheet shape and sawdust. However, in the case of Patent Document 1 In the law, it is limited to making the sawdust reduction possible, and it is not a technique for making the mushroom bed cultivation without using sawdust. Further, in the method of Patent Document 1, the reuse of the cultivation medium after cultivation is still difficult, and it is difficult to think that it contributes to the effective utilization of resources.

In addition, there are several examples of techniques for mushroom bed cultivation without using sawdust. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which a spherical molded product such as glass beads or ceramic balls is used as a culture substrate, and the substrate can be recovered and reused even after cultivation. Furthermore, in the case of the culture medium for cultivation of mushrooms, a granular culture medium made of a synthetic resin material is used, and the fact that the culture medium material is reused is disclosed. However, in the methods of Patent Documents 2 and 3, since a water-retaining material such as vermiculite or a water-retaining insoluble nutrient source such as rice bran or wheat bran has to be used in a large amount in addition to the culture substrate, the medium is separated from the cultured medium. The material system is difficult, and there is a problem that it is necessary to develop a device for washing the culture substrate. Further, since the water-retaining material or the water-retaining insoluble nutrient source becomes waste after cultivation, there are disadvantages in reducing waste.

Advanced technical literature Patent literature

Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-310050

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-9656

Patent Document 3: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-134933

Summary of invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a mushroom cultivation technique which can easily recycle a culture material after cultivation and can greatly reduce waste generated after cultivation.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has been carried out in an effort to review the results. It has been found that a mushroom culture can be carried out by using a reusable fibrous base material as a culture medium and using a cultivation medium containing water and a nutrient source. Further, it has been found that the culture medium for cultivation can easily recover the culture medium material after cultivation, and can be reused as a culture medium material by simply washing it with an existing washing device, and the waste generated by the mushroom cultivation can be greatly reduced. The present invention is based on such knowledge and is further accomplished by continuous review.

That is, the present invention provides a method for cultivating mushrooms which are disclosed in the following aspects, and a culture medium for cultivating mushrooms.

Item 1. A mushroom cultivation method characterized in that a mushroom is cultivated in a mushroom bed using a cultivation medium containing a reusable fibrous substrate, water, and a nutrient source.

Item 2. The mushroom cultivation method according to Item 1, wherein the reusable fibrous substrate is a linear fibrous substrate or a sheet-like fibrous substrate.

Item 3. The mushroom cultivation method according to Item 1 or Item 2, wherein the mushroom bed cultivation is carried out by bottle cultivation or bag cultivation.

Item 4. The mushroom cultivation method according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the fiber substrate is recovered from the cultivation medium after the mushroom cultivation, and the fiber substrate is reused as a culture material to repeat the mushroom. Cultivation.

Item 5. The mushroom cultivation method according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the mushroom is selected from the group consisting of At least one of the group consisting of Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus, Hongxi mushroom, shiitake mushroom and ash tree flower.

Item 6. The method for cultivating a mushroom according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the mushroom is selected from the group consisting of Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Hongxi mushroom. And the mushroom bed cultivation is carried out by bottle cultivation.

The method for cultivating a mushroom according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the mushroom is selected from the group consisting of at least one of a group consisting of shiitake mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Grifola frondosa, and the mushroom bed The cultivation system is carried out in bag cultivation.

Item 8. A culture medium for mushroom cultivation, comprising a reusable fibrous substrate, water, and a nutrient source.

Item 9. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 8, wherein the reusable fibrous substrate is a linear fibrous substrate or a sheet-like fibrous substrate.

Item 10. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 8 or Item 9, which is a culture medium for bottle cultivation.

Item 11. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 8 or Item 9, which is a culture medium for bag cultivation.

Item 12. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to any one of items 8 to 11, which is used in cultivation selected from the group consisting of oyster mushrooms, enoki mushroom, oyster mushroom, ginseng ear, yam mushroom, shiitake mushroom and ash tree flower. At least one type of mushroom in the group formed.

Item 13. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 10, which is used for cultivating at least one mushroom selected from the group consisting of Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Hongxi mushroom .

Item 14. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 11, which is used in the group selected from the group consisting of shiitake mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Grifola frondosa One less mushroom.

According to the present invention, since the mushroom bed cultivation of the mushroom can be carried out without using sawdust, it is possible to solve the problem of waste caused by the sawdust scraping and the trouble of the sawdust supply problem in the future. Further, according to the present invention, since the culture medium can be easily recovered from the cultivation medium after cultivation, and the existing cleaning device such as a washing machine can be easily washed and reused as a culture material, the waste can be greatly reduced. Further, in the present invention, since the culture substrate used as the culture substrate has auto-retaining water, it can be used for mushroom bed cultivation without using a water-retaining material, and further may be used in the future. The basic technology of hydroponic cultivation of mushrooms.

In addition, in the mushroom bed cultivation of the mushroom, it is necessary to select the type of sawdust depending on the type of the mushroom to be cultivated, and the culture medium for the cultivation must change the type of sawdust according to the type of the mushroom. However, according to the present invention, since the cultivation medium can be prepared without using sawdust, there is an advantage that the preparation of the cultivation medium can be easily performed.

Further, in the conventional mushroom bed cultivation, the culture bottle filled with the medium is heavy, and a large amount of labor is required in the steps of transporting the bottle. On the other hand, in the present invention, the weight can be reduced to about 25% as compared with the sawdust medium, and further, in the case of the culture solution, the size of the culture bottle itself may be reduced. Further, in the case of using the sawdust medium, it is necessary to store the sawdust as a raw material thereof, but since the sawdust is not used in the present invention, the storage place can be omitted. Then, in general sawdust medium, it takes a long time of high temperature and high pressure sterilization for sterilization, but in the present invention, Significantly shorten the sterilization time. As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to simplify the cultivation technique of the mushroom bed and rationalize the site, and it is commercially advantageous compared with the conventional mushroom bed cultivation.

Fig. 1 is a graph showing the results of observing the appearance of Flammulina velutipes after cultivation in Example 1. In the case where A, B, C, and D are sequentially used, the case where gauze is used as the fiber base material (Condition 1), when the towel is used as the fiber base material (Condition 2), and the superabsorbent towel is used as the fibrous base material The case (Condition 3) and the result obtained using the felt as a fiber base material (Condition 3).

Fig. 2 is a graph showing the results of observing the appearance of Flammulina velutipes after cultivation in Example 1. In the case where A, B, C, D, and E are sequentially used, the case where the burlap is used as the fiber base material (Condition 5), the case where the cotton cloth is used as the fiber base material (Condition 6), and the use of the hemp rope as the fiber base material are respectively shown. In the case (Condition 7), the case where one wet tissue was used as a fibrous base material (Condition 8), and the case where three wet tissues were used as a fibrous base material (Condition 9).

Fig. 3 is a view showing the results of observing the appearance of oyster mushrooms after cultivation using three wet tissues as the fibrous base material (Condition 11) in Example 2.

Fig. 4 shows the results of observing the appearance of Pleurotus eryngii after cultivation using one wet tissue as a fibrous substrate (Condition 9) in Example 3.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the results of observing the appearance of a cultivar after the cultivation using a wet tissue as a fibrous substrate (Condition 5) in Example 5.

Fig. 6 is a view showing the results of the appearance of the golden top ear which was cultivated by bag cultivation using three wet tissues as the fibrous base material in Example 6.

Figure 7 is a view showing the use of three wet wipes as the fibers in Example 7. The result of the cultivation of the oyster mushroom cultivated in the bag of the base material.

Fig. 8 is a view showing the results of observing the appearance of a mushroom cultivated by bag cultivation using four wet tissues as a fibrous substrate in Example 8.

Form for implementing the invention

The mushroom cultivation method of the present invention is characterized in that the mushroom is cultivated on a mushroom bed using a cultivation medium containing a fibrous base material, water, and a nutrient source. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Mushrooms to be cultivated

The type of the mushroom to which the present invention can be used is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, oyster mushroom, ginseng ear, hongxi mushroom, mushroom, lotus leaf pleated umbrella, shiitake mushroom, ash tree flower, and the like. . Among these, the oyster mushroom, the shiitake mushroom, the enoki mushroom, the oyster mushroom, the golden stalk, the yam mushroom, the shiitake mushroom, and the ash tree flower are suitable for use as the cultivation method of the present invention. Further, the cultivation method of the present invention is not limited to the conventionally known mushrooms, and can be applied to mushrooms newly found or produced in the future.

Cultivation medium

In the present invention, a culture medium containing a reusable fibrous substrate, water, and a nutrient source is used. As described above, by using the fibrous base material as the culture substrate of the culture medium for cultivation, the mushroom bed cultivation of the mushroom can be realized without using sawdust.

In the present invention, the reusable fibrous base material refers to a linear or sheet-like base material formed of fibers, and can be used only in general households even when used as a culture material for mushroom cultivation. Washing machine or commercial Washing and washing the washing machine. Specific examples of the fibrous base material include a linear fibrous base material such as a thread, a rope, a thread, and a cable; and a sheet-like fibrous base material such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a felt. Among these, a sheet-like fibrous base material such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a felt is easily recovered and washed after cultivation, and thus is suitably used in the present invention.

The fiber constituting the recyclable fiber base material is not particularly limited, regardless of the difference between the natural fiber or the chemical fiber. Specific examples of the natural fiber constituting the fiber base material include cotton, hemp, wool, crepe, and cashmere wool. Further, specific examples of the chemical fiber constituting the fiber base material include polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, nylon 6, nylon 6, and the like. Polyamides such as decylamine and polyacrylonitrile, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, synthetic fibers such as polyurethane; regenerated fibers such as bismuth, copper ammonia fiber and multi-fiber; acetate fiber and promix Semi-synthetic fibers. These fiber types may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Since the fiber base material also functions as a water retaining material in the culture medium for cultivation, it is desirable to use a water retaining capacity in the present invention.

The cultivation medium used in the present invention contains water. The water used for the medium for cultivating cultivation is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, any of tap water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, and ultrapure water.

The content of water in the culture medium for cultivation is appropriately set depending on the type and amount of the fibrous base material to be used. For example, for every 100 g of the fibrous substrate, the water is in the range of about 120 g to 360 g, depending on the species of the fibrous substrate. The class can be set as appropriate.

Further, the cultivation medium used in the present invention contains a nutrient source necessary for cultivating mushrooms. Examples of such a nutrient source include insoluble nutrient sources such as rice bran, wheat bran, corn bran, bean dregs, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal; water extracts of such insoluble nutrient sources, sucrose, casein amino acid, Soluble nutrient sources such as inorganic salts and thiamine hydrochloride. These nutrient sources may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Among the above-mentioned soluble nutrient sources, the water extract of the insoluble nutrient source can be heated by, for example, about 3 to 10 ml per 1 g of the solid nutrient source, and is heated as necessary (for example, heating at 80 to 130 ° C for 10 to 30). Minutes), and the extraction treatment is carried out to recover the separated liquid.

The content of the nutrient source in the culture medium may be appropriately set depending on the type of the mushroom to be cultivated, the type of the nutrient source to be used, and the like. In the present invention, since the amount of the insoluble nutrient source is reduced, the recovery of the culture medium after cultivation is made easier, and therefore the amount of the insoluble nutrient source is preferably a low amount. In the case of reducing the amount of insoluble nutrient source used, the nutrient source necessary for cultivating the mushroom can be compensated for by using the water extract of the insoluble nutrient source. In the culture medium to be used, the ratio of the addition of the soluble nutrient source to the insoluble nutrient source may be appropriately determined in consideration of the type of each nutrient source used and the proliferation state of the hyphae.

Cultivation method

The mushroom cultivation method of the present invention is carried out by cultivating the mushroom in a mushroom bed using the culture medium for cultivation. As a mushroom bed The method of culturing may be any of bottle cultivation, bag cultivation, box cultivation, etc., but bottle cultivation and bag cultivation are preferred. In the present invention, the conditions for mushroom bed cultivation such as bottle cultivation, bag cultivation, and box cultivation are the same as those for the mushroom bed cultivation of the general mushroom, in addition to the above-mentioned cultivation medium.

Hereinafter, a bottle cultivation and a bag cultivation will be described as an example, and a method for carrying out the mushroom cultivation method of the present invention will be described.

[Bottle cultivation]

The cultivation of the mushroom bed using the bottle is carried out by bottling, sterilizing, inoculating, culturing, and carrying out various steps such as sputum, budding, fertility, and harvesting as necessary.

The "bottling" is a step of charging the culture medium for cultivation into a culture bottle. The bottling may be carried out by loading the previously prepared culture medium into the culture flask, or after the fibrous substrate is placed in the culture flask, a mixture of water and nutrient source may be added to the culture flask. The amount of the culture medium to be contained in the culture bottle can be appropriately set depending on the size of the culture bottle. However, in general, the cultivation medium may be bottled so as to occupy 80 to 95% of the volume of the culture bottle.

"Bactericidal" is a step of killing microorganisms in a culture flask or a culture medium. In general, sterilization is carried out by heat sterilization. Specific conditions for sterilization include 10 to 30 minutes at 100 to 130 °C.

"Inoculation" is a step of planting a mushroom for cultivating a culture medium which is allowed to cool after sterilization. As the seed mushroom, a liquid seed mushroom obtained by culturing in a liquid medium or a solid mushroom obtained by culturing in an acacia medium may be used. The inoculum amount of the mushroom is the same as in the case of the general bottle cultivation.

"Cultivation" is a step in which hyphae spread and mature. The conditions for the culture are appropriately set depending on the type of the mushroom to be used, the size of the culture bottle, and the like, but it is generally about 8 to 36 days under the conditions of 25 ° C and darkness. More specifically, it can be about 8 to 36 days in the case of 25 ° C and dark conditions, and about 13 to 36 days in the case of Flammulina velutipes, and about 10 to 36 in the case of Pleurotus eryngii. On the 31st, if it is the golden top ear, it is about 9~16 days, and if it is Hongxi mushroom, it is about 14~33 days. In addition, the relative humidity at the time of cultivation was almost 100% because it was carried out in a state in which the cap was covered.

"Sputum" is a step of taking the parts of the mushroom and the surface of the medium in response to the steps necessary.

"Budding" is formed. The step of the birth of a primordial or young child entity. The conditions for the budding are appropriately set depending on the type of the mushroom to be used, but it is generally about 3 to 30 days under the conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 °C. More specifically, it can be exemplified by 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. If it is a mushroom, it is about 7 to 15 days, and if it is a mushroom, it is about 12 to 19 days. The mushroom is about 11~18 days, if it is the golden top ear, it is about 3~11 days, if it is Hongxi mushroom, it is about 18~30 days. In addition, the relative humidity at the time of budding is almost 100% because it is carried out in a state in which the cap is covered.

"Birth" refers to the step of giving birth to a primordial or young child entity of a fruiting body into a harvestable mature fruiting body. Further, after the sputum or the germination, the amount of water in the medium may be adjusted by injecting water into the culture medium. The conditions for fertility are appropriately set depending on the type of mushroom to be used, the size of the culture bottle, etc., but generally 10~1000 lux, about 15~16° under the condition of 15~18°C. More specifically, it can be exemplified by 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. If it is a oyster mushroom, it is about 6 to 8 days, and if it is a mushroom, it is about 9 to 11 days. The mushroom is about 9 to 11 days, if it is the golden top ear, it is about 6 to 8 days, and if it is Hongxi mushroom, it is about 12 to 16 days. In addition, the relative humidity at the time of birth is almost 100% because it is carried out while covering the cap.

By performing the above steps, a mature fruiting body of the mushroom can be obtained. If the mature fruiting body of the mushroom is harvested, all the steps of bottle cultivation of the mushroom are ended.

Examples of the type of the mushroom which is suitable for bottle cultivation include, for example, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Hongxi mushroom.

[bag cultivation]

The cultivation of the mushroom bed for bag cultivation is carried out by various steps such as bagging, sterilization, inoculation, culture, budding, fertility, and harvesting.

The "bagging" is a step of charging the culture medium for cultivation into a culture bag. The bagging may be carried into the culture bag after the fibrous substrate is impregnated with a mixture of water and nutrient source, or may be impregnated with a mixture of water and nutrient source after the fibrous substrate is loaded into the culture bag. In addition, the amount of the culture medium to be placed in the culture bag can be appropriately set depending on the size of the culture bag or the fiber base material, but it is generally adjusted to be about 42 to 71% with respect to the volume of the culture bag.

The "sterilization" and "inoculation" are described in the above-mentioned bottle cultivation. In addition, the inoculation amount of the mushroom in the "inoculation" step is the same as in the case of general bag cultivation.

The term "cultivation" also refers to the same steps as in the case of the aforementioned bottle cultivation. The culture conditions in the case of bag cultivation are also appropriately set depending on the type of the mushroom to be used, the size of the culture bottle, and the like, and it is generally about 13 to 90 days under the conditions of 25 ° C and darkness. More specifically, it is about 17 to 20 days when it is a golden top ear under 25 ° C and dark conditions, about 13 to 18 days for a mushroom, and about 90 days for a mushroom. . In addition, the relative humidity at the time of the culture was almost 100% because it was carried out in a state where the bag mouth was covered.

The term "germination" also refers to the same procedure as in the case of the aforementioned bottle cultivation. The budding conditions in the case of bag cultivation are also appropriately set depending on the type of the mushroom to be used, and it is generally about 3 to 10 days under the conditions of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 °C. More specifically, it can be exemplified by 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. If it is a golden top ear, it is about 3 to 7 days, and if it is a flat mushroom, it is about 6 to 10 days. Mushrooms are about 5-7 days. Further, in general, the budding is carried out by taking out the medium from the bag and exposing the surface, and spraying the medium with a relative humidity of 80 to 100%. Further, in the budding, the amount of water in the medium may be adjusted by sprinkling water on the cultivation medium.

"Birth" also refers to the same steps as in the case of the aforementioned bottle cultivation. The fertility conditions in the case of bag cultivation are also appropriately set depending on the type of the mushroom to be used and the size of the culture bottle, and generally, it is about 7 to 10 in the range of 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. Around day. More specifically, it can be about 10 to 1000 lux and 15 to 18 ° C. If it is a golden top ear, it is about 7 to 9 days, and if it is a flat mushroom, it is about 7 to 10 days. Mushroom It is about 7~9 days. Further, in general, the fertility system is carried out by taking out the medium from the bag and exposing the surface, and the environment is carried out in an environment having a relative humidity of 80 to 100%. In addition, in the case of fertility, the amount of water in the medium may be adjusted by sprinkling water on the cultivation medium.

By performing the above steps, a mature fruiting body of the mushroom can be obtained. If the mature fruiting body of the mushroom is harvested, all the steps of bottle cultivation of the mushroom are ended.

The type of the mushroom which is suitable for bag cultivation is, for example, a mushroom, a golden ear, an oyster mushroom, or a ash tree flower. Among them, a mushroom which is suitable for bag cultivation is particularly suitable because the mycelium growth direction of the mushroom is not constant.

Further, after the mushroom cultivation in any cultivation method, the fibrous substrate recovered and washed from the used medium can be reused as a culture substrate. The recovery of the fibrous base material after use is easy, and it can be easily washed by an existing washing device such as a washing machine.

Example

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by examples, but the present invention is not limited by the scope of the following examples.

Example 1: Bottle cultivation of Flammulina velutipes 1. Modulation of culture fluid

300 ml of water was added to 50 g of rice bran, and autoclaved at 121 ° C for 10 minutes. After cooling, the separated liquid was taken out using gauze to obtain a hot water extract of rice bran.

In addition, the preparation contains sucrose 10g / L, casein amino acid 10g / L, Murashige. Skoog mixed salt powder 5g/L and thiamine hydrochloride 10 μg/L of nutrient replenisher (residual water).

30 mL of the hot water extract of the rice bran obtained above was mixed with 30 mL of the nutrient replenishing liquid, and the culture liquid was further prepared by mixing 0.6 g of brown sugar (final concentration: 1% by weight) in 60 ml of the mixed solution.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a 200 mL volume culture flask (inner diameter 4.5 cm, in the case of conditions 1 to 8 shown in Table 1) or a 500 mL volume culture flask (inner diameter 8.0 cm, in the case of condition 9 shown in Table 1) Each of the fiber base materials shown in Table 1 folded into the shape shown in Table 1 was placed, and 2 g of rice bran was added thereto. Next, the above-mentioned adjusted culture solution was added in an amount shown in Table 1, and a screw cap made of polypropylene was placed thereon. The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting this to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 15 minutes. In addition, it was confirmed that the amount of the culture solution added to each of the wet wipes used in Conditions 8 and 9 was 60 to 100 ml.

3. Cultivation of Flammulina velutipes

The Flammulina velutipes preserved mushroom strain was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dregs medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 14 days in the dark at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 1) at 25 ° C in the dark to spread the hyphae to the entire medium.

Thereafter, the sputum operation was carried out, and water was injected into the surface of the culture medium to the extent that it was wet, and the membrane cover was cultured at 15 ° C under a light of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 1), and the fruit body primordium was confirmed. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 10 days under the same conditions to obtain a mature fruiting body.

The cultivation results of Flammulina velutipes are shown in Table 1. Further, the results of observing the appearance of the cultured Flammulina velutipes under each condition are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The cultivation results of the fibrous base material shown in Table 1 were carried out in the growth rate, the number of cultivation days, the size and shape of the fruit body, and the cultivation medium containing 20 g of sawdust, 16 g of rice bran, and 65 mL of water was placed in 200 mL. The case of cultivating Flammulina velutipes in a volumetric flask is equivalent.

Example 2: Bottle cultivation of oyster mushrooms 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a 200 mL volume culture flask (inner diameter 4.5 cm, in the case of conditions 1 to 10 shown in Table 2) or a 500 mL volume culture flask (inner diameter 8.0 cm, in the case of condition 11 shown in Table 2) Each of the fiber base materials shown in Table 2 folded into the shape shown in Table 2 was placed, and 2 g of rice bran was added thereto. Next, the above-mentioned adjusted culture solution was added in an amount shown in Table 2, and a screw cap made of polypropylene was placed thereon. The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting this to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 15 minutes. In addition, it was confirmed that the amount of the culture liquid added to each of the wet wipes used in the conditions 10 and 11 was 60 to 100 ml.

3. Cultivation of oyster mushrooms

The oyster mushroom preserved mushroom strain was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato glucosinolate medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 14 days in the dark state at 25 ° C as a mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 2) at 25 ° C in the dark, and the hyphae spread to the entire medium.

Thereafter, the sputum operation was carried out, and water was injected into the surface of the culture medium to the extent that it was wet, and the membrane cover was cultured at 15 ° C under a light of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 2), and the fruit body primordium was confirmed. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 7 days under the same conditions, and a mature fruiting body can be obtained.

The cultivation results of Pleurotus ostreatus under each condition are shown in Table 2. Further, the results of the appearance of the cultivated oyster mushrooms under the observation condition 11 are shown in Fig. 3 . The cultivation results of the fibrous base material shown in Table 2 were carried out in the growth rate, the number of cultivation days, the size and shape of the fruit body, and the cultivation medium containing 20 g of sawdust, 16 g of rice bran, and 65 mL of water was placed in 200 mL. Volume culture bottle The situation of Pleurotus ostreatus is the same.

Example 3: Bottle cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a 200 mL volume culture flask (inner diameter 4.5 cm, in the case of conditions 1 to 9 shown in Table 3) or a 500 mL volume culture flask (inner diameter 8.0 cm, in Table 3 In the case of the condition shown in the figure 10, each of the fiber base materials shown in Table 3 folded into the shape shown in Table 3 was placed, and 2 g of rice bran was added thereto. Next, it was added to the above-mentioned adjusted culture liquid in the amount shown in Table 3, and it was covered with the screw cap made of polypropylene. The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting this to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 15 minutes. Further, it was confirmed that the amount of the culture solution added to each of the wet wipes used in Conditions 9 and 10 was 60 to 100 ml.

3. Cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii

The Pleurotus eryngii preserved mushroom strain was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dregs medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 14 days in the dark at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 3) at 25 ° C in the dark to spread the hyphae to the entire medium.

Thereafter, the sputum operation was carried out, and water was injected into the surface of the culture medium to the extent that it was wet, and the membrane cover was cultured at 15 ° C under a light of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 3), and the fruit body primordium was confirmed. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 10 days under the same conditions to obtain a mature fruiting body.

The cultivation results of Pleurotus eryngii under each condition are shown in Table 3. Further, the results of the appearance of the cultivated Pleurotus eryngii under the observation condition 9 are shown in Fig. 4 . The cultivation results of the fiber base material shown in Table 3 were carried out in the growth rate, the number of cultivation days, the size and shape of the fruit body, and the cultivation medium containing 20 g of sawdust, 16 g of rice bran, and 65 mL of water was placed in 200 mL. The case of cultivating Pleurotus eryngii in the volume culture flask is the same.

Example 4: Bottle cultivation of the golden ear 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a 200 mL-volume culture flask (inner diameter: 4.5 cm), each of the fiber substrates shown in Table 4 folded into the shape shown in Table 4 was placed, and 2 g of rice bran was added thereto. Next, the above-mentioned adjusted culture solution was added in an amount shown in Table 4, and a screw cap made of polypropylene was placed thereon. Autoclave at 121 ° C for 15 minutes The medium for cultivation is prepared. In addition, it was confirmed that the amount of the culture solution added to each of the wet wipes used in Condition 10 was 60 to 100 ml.

3. Cultivation of the golden ear

The mushroom seedlings were preserved on a petri dish of 90 mm in diameter containing potato dextrose medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 14 days in the dark at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 4) at 25 ° C in the dark to spread the hyphae to the entire medium.

Thereafter, the lid was opened, distilled water was added from the medium to fill the bottle, and a watering operation was performed for 2 hours. After culturing for a predetermined period of time (Table 4) under light conditions of 25 lux and 300 lux, the primordium of the fruit body was confirmed. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 7 days under the same conditions, and a mature fruiting body can be obtained.

The results of the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus under each condition are shown in Table 4. The cultivation results of the fiber base material shown in Table 4 were carried out in the growth rate, the number of cultivation days, the size and shape of the fruit body, and the cultivation medium containing 20 g of sawdust, 16 g of rice bran, and 65 mL of water was placed in 200 mL. The case of cultivating the golden ear of the volume culture flask is the same.

Example 5: Bottle cultivation of Hongxi mushroom 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

Each of the fiber substrates shown in Table 5, which was folded into the shape shown in Table 5, was placed in a 200 mL-volume culture flask (inner diameter: 4.5 cm), and rice bran 2 g was added thereto. Next, the above-mentioned adjusted culture solution was added in an amount shown in Table 5, and a screw cap made of polypropylene was placed thereon. The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting this to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 15 minutes. In addition, it can be confirmed that it is used in condition 5 The amount of the culture solution added per one wet towel is preferably in the range of 60 to 100 ml.

3. Cultivation of Hongxi mushroom

The oyster mushroom preserved mushroom strain was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dextrose cultivar medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 20 days in the dark state at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 10 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 5) at 25 ° C in the dark to spread the hyphae to the entire medium.

Thereafter, the sputum operation was carried out, and water was injected into the surface of the culture medium to the extent that it was wetted, and the membrane was capped at 15 ° C under a light condition of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 5), and the fruit body primordium was confirmed. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 14 days under the same conditions, and a mature fruiting body can be obtained.

The cultivation results of the Hibiscus sinensis under each condition are shown in Table 5. Further, the results of the appearance of the cultivated yam mushroom under the observation condition 5 are shown in Fig. 5 . The cultivation results of the fiber base material shown in Table 5 were carried out in the growth rate, the number of cultivation days, the size and shape of the fruit body, and the cultivation medium containing 20 g of sawdust, 16 g of rice bran, and 65 mL of water was placed in 200 mL. The case of cultivating Hongxi mushroom in the volume culture bottle is the same.

Example 6: Bag cultivation of the golden ear 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a cultivation bag having a length of 45 cm × a width of 20 cm, three pieces of wet wipes (cotton) each of which is impregnated with 60 to 100 ml of the culture liquid and which are 27 cm long and 27 cm wide are folded into two folds. Between the overlapping wet wipes, 10 g of rice bran was added to cover the surface of the wet wipe, and a total of 20 g of rice bran was added. As a result, the volume occupied by the fibrous base material in the cultivation bag was about 420 cm ³ . The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting this to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 30 minutes.

3. Cultivation of the golden ear

The mushroom seedlings were preserved on a petri dish of 90 mm in diameter containing potato dextrose medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 14 days in the dark at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The fertile hyphae are pierced with a 3mm diameter wood plug perforator, and the surface of the prepared cultivation medium is sterilized on the surface. 30. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 6) at 25 ° C in the dark, and the hyphae spread to the entire medium.

After that, the hyphae spread from the bag was taken out, placed in a plastic storage box, and sprayed with a sprayer, and then cultured at 15 ° C under a light of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 6), and the original fruit body was confirmed. base. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 7 days under the same conditions, and a mature fruiting body can be obtained.

Example 7: Bag cultivation of oyster mushrooms 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a cultivation bag having a length of 45 cm × a width of 20 cm, three pieces of wet wipes (cotton) each of which is impregnated with 60 to 100 ml of the culture liquid and which are 27 cm long and 27 cm wide are folded into two folds. Between the overlapping wet wipes, 10 g of rice bran was added to cover the surface of the wet wipe, and a total of 20 g of rice bran was added. As a result, the volume occupied by the fibrous base material in the cultivation bag was about 420 cm ³ . The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting this to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 30 minutes.

3. Cultivation of oyster mushrooms

Pleurotus ostreatus preserved in a strain containing potato glucosamine (PDA) The medium was cultured on a petri dish of 90 mm in diameter and cultured for 14 days in the dark at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 30 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 7) under dark conditions at 25 ° C, and the hyphae spread to the entire medium.

After that, the hyphae spread from the bag was taken out, placed in a plastic storage box, and sprayed with a sprayer, and then cultured at 15 ° C under a light of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 7), and the original fruit body was confirmed. base. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 7 days under the same conditions, and a mature fruiting body can be obtained.

Example 8: Bag cultivation of shiitake mushrooms 1. Modulation of culture fluid

The culture solution was prepared in the same manner as in the case of Example 1.

2. Modulation of cultivation medium

In a cultivation bag having a length of 45 cm × a width of 20 cm, four pieces of wet wipes (cotton) each of which was impregnated with 60 to 100 ml of the culture liquid and 27 cm long and 27 cm wide were folded into two folds. Between the overlapping wet wipes, 10 g of rice bran was added to cover the surface of the wet wipe, and a total of 30 g of rice bran was added. As a result, the volume occupied by the fibrous base material in the cultivation bag was about 560 cm ³ . The culture medium for cultivation was prepared by subjecting the medium to high temperature autoclaving at 121 ° C for 30 minutes.

3. Cultivation of mushrooms

The shiitake mushroom preserved mushroom strain was cultured on a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm containing potato dregs medium (PDA medium), and cultured for 14 days in the dark state at 25 ° C as a seed mushroom. The hyphae of the fertilization were pierced with a wooden plug perforator having a diameter of 3 mm, and 30 bacteria were implanted on the surface of the prepared culture medium. The culture was carried out for a predetermined period (Table 8) at 25 ° C under dark conditions to spread the hyphae to the entire medium.

After that, the hyphae spread from the bag was taken out, placed in a plastic storage box, and sprayed with a sprayer, and then cultured at 15 ° C under a light of 300 lux for a predetermined period of time (Table 8), and the original fruit body was confirmed. base. After confirming the formation of the primordium of the fruiting body, the culture is continued for about 7 days under the same conditions, and a mature fruiting body can be obtained.

Claims (14)

A mushroom cultivation method characterized in that a mushroom is cultivated in a mushroom bed using a cultivation medium containing a reusable fibrous substrate, water, and a nutrient source. The method for cultivating a mushroom according to claim 1, wherein the reusable fibrous substrate is a linear fibrous substrate or a sheet-like fibrous substrate. For example, in the mushroom cultivation method of claim 1 or 2, the mushroom bed cultivation of the mushroom is carried out by bottle cultivation or bag cultivation. The method for cultivating a mushroom according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fibrous substrate is recovered from the cultivation medium after the mushroom cultivation, and the fibrous substrate is reused as a culture substrate and repeated. Mushroom cultivation. The mushroom cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mushroom is selected from the group consisting of oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, oyster mushroom, golden anterior ear, hongxi mushroom, shiitake mushroom and ash tree flower. At least one of the constituent groups. The mushroom cultivation method according to any one of the items 1 to 5, wherein the mushroom is selected from the group consisting of Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus and Hongxi mushroom. And the mushroom bed cultivation is carried out in bottle culture. The mushroom cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mushroom is selected from the group consisting of at least one of a group consisting of a mushroom, a golden ear, a oyster mushroom, and a ash tree flower, and the mushroom Bed cultivation is carried out in bag cultivation. A culture medium for mushroom cultivation, which comprises a reusable fibrous substrate, water and a nutrient source. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 8 of the patent application, wherein the recyclable fiber substrate is a linear fiber substrate or a sheet fiber substrate. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation in the eighth or the ninth aspect of the patent application is a culture medium for bottle cultivation. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation in the eighth or the ninth aspect of the patent application, which is a culture medium for bag cultivation. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to any one of the items 8 to 11 of the patent application, which is used in cultivation selected from the group consisting of oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, oyster mushroom, golden anterior ear, yam mushroom, shiitake mushroom and ash tree. At least one mushroom in the group consisting of flowers. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 10 of the patent application is used for cultivating at least one mushroom selected from the group consisting of Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Hongxi mushroom. class. The culture medium for mushroom cultivation according to Item 11 of the patent application is used for cultivating at least one mushroom selected from the group consisting of shiitake mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Grifola frondosa.