CN105557303A - Indoor precise cultivation method of pleurotus tuber regium - Google Patents
Indoor precise cultivation method of pleurotus tuber regium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105557303A CN105557303A CN201510944405.5A CN201510944405A CN105557303A CN 105557303 A CN105557303 A CN 105557303A CN 201510944405 A CN201510944405 A CN 201510944405A CN 105557303 A CN105557303 A CN 105557303A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor precise cultivation method of pleurotus tuber regium. A cultivation bag culture medium is placed in a cultivation bag, then the cultivation bag is sealed and sterilized for use, the cultivation bag culture medium is inoculated with a pleurotus tuber regium cultivar under the sterile condition, then the cultivation bag is sealed, and the cultivation bag inoculated with the cultivar is obtained; the cultivation bag culture medium is prepared as follows: raw materials include, in percentage by mass, 49%-59% of corncobs, 20%-30% of mixed sawdust, 15%-20% of wheat bran and 1%-2% of light calcium carbonate, the components and water accounting for 60%-65% of the raw materials in mass are evenly mixed, so that the water content is 60%-65%, and the cultivation bag culture medium is obtained; pleurotus tuber regium sclerotia are obtained through mycelium culture, sclerotium growth management and sclerotium harvesting.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to field of edible fungus culture, be specifically related to the indoor precision cultivation method of a kind of Pleurotus tuber-regium.
Background technology:
Pleurotus tuber-regium (pleurotustuberregium), Chinese name sclerotium oyster mushroom, brave newborn bacterium, polyporus rhinoceros cooke, pleurotus tuberregium (Franch.) Singer, Nan Yang Poria cocos etc.Southeast Asian countries, Malaysia, Hong Kong one are with Chinese and China's Coastal Areas then to claim Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium to be Chinese medicine " brave milk ".According to popular legend be tigress milk in postpartum drop in Soil and air contact, absorb the elite of yin and yang in human body after producing fungi and form sclerotium and fruit body gradually, grow in soil or in brave nest, in process of growth, mycelia kink forms sclerotium and fruit body, sclerotium has point image tiger pawl, is extremely rare crude drug.
Although there has been the indoor cultural method of some Pleurotus tuber-regiums at present, as number of patent application: 200410027237.5,200510118972.1 and 201110202342.8, these patents all disclose the indoor cultural method of Pleurotus tuber-regium, but all there are some problems in these patents, unreasonable as due to medium and condition of culture, make its output and efficiency comparison low.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of output, the saving labour that can improve Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium, reduce living contaminants, effectively can improve the indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium of factory building availability and plant efficiency.
The indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, cultivation bag makes: loaded by cultivation bag medium in cultivation bag, then cultivation bag is sealed, sterilizing is for subsequent use, aseptically Pleurotus tuber-regium (pleurotustuberregium) cultivated species is seeded in the cultivation bag medium of cultivation bag, seal again, obtain the cultivation bag that inoculation has cultivated species, described cultivation bag medium is configuration like this: raw material, by mass fraction, comprise corncob 49%-59%, weed tree sawdust 20%-30%, wheat bran 15%-20%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%-2%, by mentioned component and content by corncob, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, precipitated calcium carbonate, and the water mixing and stirring of the 60%-65% of material quality, its water content is made to be 60%-65%, obtain cultivation bag medium thus,
B, cultural hypha: inoculation had the cultivation bag vertical display of cultivated species to carry out cultural hypha in cultivation frame;
The cultivation bag of c, long good mycelia to be gathered acquisition Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium through going out core management and sclerotium again.
Described Pleurotus tuber-regium cultivated species is preparation like this:
Be seeded to by Pleurotus tuber-regium on pedigree seed culture medium and cultivate acquisition Pleurotus tuber-regium original seed, described pedigree seed culture medium, by mass fraction, comprises potato 20%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.15%, Cobastab
1trace (20-50PPM), surplus is water, and condition of culture is that 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant temperature shadings are cultivated;
Be seeded to by Pleurotus tuber-regium original seed in Cultivar culture medium and carry out cultivation acquisition cultivated species, its condition of culture is that 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant temperature shadings are cultivated, and described Cultivar culture medium, by mass fraction, comprises Chinese sorghum 99% and precipitated calcium carbonate 1%.
Inoculation has the cultivation bag vertical display of cultivated species in cultivation frame, carry out cultural hypha preferably inoculation to be had the cultivation bag vertical display of cultivated species in cultivation frame by described step b, cultivation frame is that tier rack type multilayer is put, and condition of culture is: under 30 ± 2 DEG C of ventilation conditions, shading is cultivated.
The described core management that goes out is preferably: cultivation bag shading under 25 ± 2 DEG C of ventilation conditions of long good mycelia is cultivated, and if sclerotium growth is at bacterium bag sack place in cultivation, the collar should be removed, stretching sack.
The present invention replaces part weed tree sawdust with corncob in cultivation bag medium, to reduce the usage amount of weed tree sawdust, reduces the availability to sylvan life resource, to conserve forests.The stalks such as corncob are renewable resources, utilize corncob as large raw material, quality and quantity secure, both can increase farmers' income, also reduce crop straw burning pollution on the environment, low-carbon environment-friendly.And replace part weed tree sawdust that Pleurotus tuber-regium mycelia can be made more sturdy with corncob, improve the output of Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium.
Unifiedly after the pack of cultivation bag medium put cultivation basket into, through sterilizing-inoculation-bacteria-go out the whole production process of core all in same cultivation basket, bacteria and go out core and all carry out in same cultivation house simultaneously, need not move.In units of cultivation basket, run through Pleurotus tuber-regium cultivation production technology all the time, adopting overall, integrated motion mode, save the labour moved, reducing because moving the miscellaneous bacteria infection chance caused.Utilize tier rack type repeatedly to place cultivation basket, stereo planting pattern simultaneously, save and take up an area space, be convenient to mushroom room and clean and circulation production, improve availability and the plant efficiency of factory building.
In sum, the indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium of the present invention can improve output, the saving labour of Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium, reduces living contaminants, can effectively improve factory building availability and plant efficiency.
Embodiment:
Following examples further illustrate of the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
1 normative reference
Clause in the following files becomes the clause of this code by quoting of this code.Every reference document with bearing date, its all modifications list (not comprising the content of corrigenda) subsequently or revised edition are not all suitable for this code.Every reference document without bearing date, its latest edition is applicable to this standard.
GB4285 major experiment criterion
GB5749 drinking water sanitary standard
GB/T8321 agricultural chemicals reasonable application
NY5099 pollution-free food edible fungus culturing matrix safety specifications
" edible fungus species management method " Ministry of Agriculture makes No. 62
2 term and definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this code.
Medium
The liquid or solid mixture of culture growth desired nutritional material.
Original seed
Claim traditionally " female kind ", cultivated the original strain of preservation and use by solid culture medium.
Cultivated species
The bacterial classification expanded is transplanted by original seed.
Aseptic
Not containing the state of miscellaneous bacteria body of living.
3 mushroom field environment
Should select leeward on the sunny side, the place of convenient, the well-ventilated of smooth open, sanitation and hygiene, plumbing and traffic convenience, should away from factory, hospital, more than 500 meters, Highway Main main line, away from livestock poultry farm and more than 500 meters, soot.
4 production equipments and condition
4.1 production equipment
Blender, sack filling machine, high-pressure sterilizing pot, environment auto-control equipment.
4.2 working condition
4.2.1 clean cooling chamber should be possessed.
4.2.2 aseptic inoculation room should be possessed.
4.2.3 temperature-adjustable, the bacteria room of ventilation or mushroom room should be possessed.
4.2.4 the storeroom of temperature-adjustable should be possessed.
4.3 ingredient requirement
4.3.1 pedigree seed culture medium is comprehensive PDA culture medium.
4.3.2 Cultivar culture medium is raw materials used is wheat or Chinese sorghum, require fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour.
4.3.3 the raw materials used regulation that should meet NY5099 of cultivated sclerotia, major ingredient is weed tree sawdust, requires except eucalyptus, camphor tree, lotus wood etc. are containing the hardwood sawdust except antibacterial substance seeds, without mould, free from extraneous odour.Auxiliary material is wheat bran, require fresh, clean, dry, without worm, without mould, free from extraneous odour.Chemical addition agent is powder-type precipitated calcium carbonate.
4.3.4 water: water quality should meet the regulation of GB5749.
5 original seeds, cultivated species and cultivation bag manufacture craft
5.1 original seeds make
5.1.1 Medium for original variety, by mass fraction 100%, comprises potato 20%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.15%, Cobastab
1trace (20-50PPM, the present embodiment is 35ppm), surplus is water.
5.1.2 pedigree seed culture medium manufacture craft: take peeled potatoes by formula rate, is cut into the bulk that about 1-2cm is square, and add water (amount of water is advisable for being no more than medium total amount) boils to thoroughly well cooked but not mushy, filters, gets filtrate; While hot agar strip or agar powder are poured in filtrate and continue to be heated to dissolve, finally other composition is added in the lump; Constant volume, stir evenly in rear loading test tube (18 × 180mm or 20 × 200mm), loading amount is about 1/5th of test tube, tampon beyond the Great Wall, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 25 minutes in high-pressure sterilizing pot, when temperature is down to 40-60 DEG C, test tube and horizontal plane are put into about 15 degree of angle swings, after condensation slant medium, confirm asepticly can to use through inspection.
5.1.3 original seed inoculation, cultivation and preservation
By sterile working requirement in transfer room, the Pleurotus tuber-regium original seed cutting original preservation is about the square fritter of 5mm, access slant medium, 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant temperature shadings are cultivated after about 7 days, mycelia covers with inclined-plane, obtains original seed, packs up under being placed in 15 ± 1 DEG C of shading environment for subsequent use.Storage life is generally no more than 3 months.
5.2 cultivated speciess make
5.2.1 Cultivar culture medium formula: by mass percentage, comprises Chinese sorghum 99% and precipitated calcium carbonate 1%.
5.2.2 Cultivar culture medium manufacture craft: take Chinese sorghum in proportion, within 24 hours in advance, soak, Chinese sorghum is boiled to well-done by next day, adds the precipitated calcium carbonate calculated in proportion after cooling, is mixed and loads 750ml seed bottle or conical flask, beyond the Great Wall tampon.Charge weight is 2/3rds of bottle height, and 128 DEG C of sterilizings 1 hour in high-pressure sterilizing pot, naturally cool, obtain Cultivar culture medium.
5.2.3 cultivated species inoculation, cultivation and preservation
By sterile working requirement in transfer room, a pipe original seed is divided into roughly equal 5 pieces, accesses Cultivar culture medium respectively, after 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant temperature shadings cultivate 10 days, mycelia covers with whole bottle medium, obtains cultivated species, packs up under being placed in 15 ± 1 DEG C of shading environment for subsequent use.Storage life is generally no more than 15 days.
5.3 cultivation bags make
5.3.1 technological process
Getting the raw materials ready,---spice---------inoculate in sealing in pack by sterilizing---cooling---
5.3.2 the raw material of cultivation bag medium: by mass fraction, comprises corncob 49%, weed tree sawdust 30%, wheat bran 20%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%.
5.3.3 get the raw materials ready: taken various raw material in cultivation bag culture medium prescription ratio.
5.3.4 spice: corncob, weed tree sawdust and precipitated calcium carbonate are first mixed in blender, add water and prewet, before pack, half an hour adds wheat bran and mixes thoroughly, and supplementing and adding water to water content is 60%-65%, obtains cultivation bag medium thus.
5.3.5 pack: adopt 17cm (flat wide) × 35cm (length) × 0.04mm (thick) polypropylene plastics pocket, charging height about 15cm, should be closely knit moderate, tighten lower pine, leveling charge level, compacting, beat the hole of diameter 2cm in the middle of material, the degree of depth is be advisable at the bottom of not wearing bag.
5.3.6 seal: put the collar, beyond the Great Wall cotton plug or add breathable plastic lid.
5.3.7 sterilizing: the cultivation bag that will install cultivation bag medium loads in cultivation basket, sterilizing 2 hours when 128 DEG C in high-pressure sterilizing pot.
5.3.8 the cultivation bag after sterilizing is removed in the cooling chamber of cleaning, be cooled to less than 30 DEG C to be seeded.
5.3.9 (sterile working) inoculation
Should first remove to transfer room by the cultivation bag after sterilizing before inoculation, adopt uviol lamp or smoke disinfectant sterilization transfer room and bacterium bag to be seeded, inoculating tool, slippers, cap, work clothes etc. should be put into transfer room in advance and sterilize together.
Inoculation personnel should change aseptic work clothes and work shoes and hats enter in transfer room, with volume fraction 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol wiping hand, inoculating tool and seed bottle outer wall.
Inoculation should two people one group, during inoculation, lights alcolhol burner, inoculating tool is placed on calcination sterilizing on flame, is removed by mycoderma aging for upper strata after cooling, in the hole fast cultivated species being accessed cultivation bag and on hole, and jam-pack tampon or cover lid.Every bottle of cultivated species can connect cultivation bag about 50 bags.
6 cultural hypha and go out core management
6.1 cultural hypha
6.1.1 inoculation after, by cultivation bag vertical display in cultivation basket, move to cleaning, drying, shading culturing room cultivate, utilize tier rack type multilayer to put, temperature remains on 30 ± 2 DEG C, well-ventilated in holding chamber.Cultivation bag vertical display puts the damage can avoided because tradition heap pressure bacteria causes bacterium bag in cultivation basket and tier rack type multilayer, as flattened or breakage, bottom mushroom bag anoxic etc., reducing pollution rate, being convenient to the upgrowth situation observing mushroom bag mycelia simultaneously.
6.1.2 incubation answers running check bacterium bag pollution condition, finds that the bacterium bag polluted should be cleared up in time.
6.1.3 after cultivating about 30 days, mycelia is covered with bacterium bag and can enter out core management.
6.2 go out core management
6.2.1 the temperature adjustment of cultivating room is controlled at 25 ± 2 DEG C, well-ventilated in holding chamber, without the need to illumination.Need not move bacterium bag, directly temperature and humidity conditions in chamber is cultivated in adjustment, reduces because of moving the impact on mycelia, reduces the time (5-7 days) of regrowing because mycelia disconnection, thus shortens and the core time.。
6.2.2 in cultivation as sclerotium growth at bacterium bag sack place, the collar should be removed, stretching sack.
6.2.3 pest management: cultivate room before using and answer thorough disinfection, dead meal should away from mushroom room;
Raw material should fresh nothing go mouldy;
Medium should thoroughly sterilizing, inoculates and carries out in strict accordance with sterile working requirement;
Temperature growth condition is suitable for, aeration-drying in holding chamber;
Fly net is installed, reduces the generation of insect pest;
Carry out current check, find to pollute and reject in time.
6.3 sclerotium are gathered and are stored
6.3.1 harvesting standard: mycelia to be covered with after bacterium bag about three months, in part bacterium bag, medium can after violent contractions, water outlet, deliquescing, sclerotium stopping grow up, and general monokaryon weight in wet base 100-260g, namely reaches harvesting standard.
6.3.2 sclerotium is gathered: cultivation basket is directly transported between collecting cart, directly tears bacterium bag when gathering, removing deliquescing medium.Discarded medium need be discardable or do soil fertility quality through sterilizing rear.
6.3.3 Post-harvest processing: the sclerotium water after gathering is rinsed well, also can shoot off the medium on sclerotium surface with pocket knife or planing tool, then dry or put in 40-50 DEG C of baking oven and dry together with epidermis.
6.4 storages: dried Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium should be stored in dry shady and cool environment, attention can not be put with harmful substance is mixed.Guard against damp, mildew-resistant, insect protected.
The biological transformation ratio of the Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium of the present embodiment is 29%
Comparative example:
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, cultivation bag medium in cultivation bag making step just in step 5.3 is: raw material: by mass fraction, comprise weed tree sawdust 79%, wheat bran 20%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, then each raw material has been taken according to material rate, weed tree sawdust and precipitated calcium carbonate first mixed in blender, add water and prewet, before pack, half an hour adds wheat bran and mixes thoroughly, supplementing and adding water to water content is 60%-65%, obtains cultivation bag medium thus.Other are all identical.
In this comparative example, the biological transformation ratio of Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium is 23%.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, medium in cultivation bag making step just in step 5.3 is: raw material, by mass fraction, comprise corncob 59%, weed tree sawdust 20%, wheat bran 19%, precipitated calcium carbonate 2%, then taken each raw material according to the composition of raw materials ratio of medium, corncob, weed tree sawdust and precipitated calcium carbonate have first been mixed in blender, adds water and prewet, before pack, half an hour adds wheat bran and mixes thoroughly, and supplementing and adding water to water content is 60%-65%.Other are all identical.
In the present embodiment, the biological transformation ratio of Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium is 35%.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, medium in cultivation bag making step just in step 5.3 is: raw material, by mass fraction, comprise corncob 58%, weed tree sawdust 25%, wheat bran 15%, precipitated calcium carbonate 2%, then taken each raw material according to culture medium raw material formula rate, corncob, weed tree sawdust and precipitated calcium carbonate have first been mixed in blender, adds water and prewet, before pack, half an hour adds wheat bran and mixes thoroughly, and supplementing and adding water to water content is 60%-65%.Other are all identical.
In the present embodiment, the biological transformation ratio of Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium is 33%.
Claims (4)
1. the indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, cultivation bag makes: loaded by cultivation bag medium in cultivation bag, then cultivation bag is sealed, sterilizing is for subsequent use, aseptically Pleurotus tuber-regium (pleurotustuberregium) cultivated species is seeded in the cultivation bag medium of cultivation bag, seal again, obtain the cultivation bag that inoculation has cultivated species, described cultivation bag medium is configuration like this: raw material, by mass fraction, comprise corncob 49%-59%, weed tree sawdust 20%-30%, wheat bran 15%-20%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%-2%, by mentioned component and content by corncob, weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, precipitated calcium carbonate, and the water mixing and stirring of the 60%-65% of material quality, its water content is made to be 60%-65%, obtain cultivation bag medium thus,
B, cultural hypha: inoculation had the cultivation bag vertical display of cultivated species to carry out cultural hypha in cultivation frame;
The cultivation bag of c, long good mycelia to be gathered acquisition Sclerotium of Pleurotus tuber regium through going out core management and sclerotium again.
2. the indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Pleurotus tuber-regium cultivated species is preparation like this:
Be seeded to by Pleurotus tuber-regium on pedigree seed culture medium and cultivate acquisition Pleurotus tuber-regium original seed, described pedigree seed culture medium, by mass fraction, comprises potato 20%, glucose 2%, agar 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.15%, Cobastab
1trace, surplus is water, and condition of culture is that 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant temperature shadings are cultivated;
Be seeded to by Pleurotus tuber-regium original seed in Cultivar culture medium and carry out cultivation acquisition cultivated species, its condition of culture is that 30 ± 1 DEG C of constant temperature shadings are cultivated, and described Cultivar culture medium, by mass fraction, comprises Chinese sorghum 99% and precipitated calcium carbonate 1%.
3. the indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step b by inoculation have the cultivation bag vertical display of cultivated species in cultivation frame in carry out cultural hypha be by inoculation have the cultivation bag vertical display of cultivated species in cultivation frame in, cultivation frame is that tier rack type multilayer is put, and condition of culture is: under 30 ± 2 DEG C of ventilation conditions, shading is cultivated.
4. the indoor precision cultivation method of Pleurotus tuber-regium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described core management that goes out is: cultivation bag shading under 25 ± 2 DEG C of ventilation conditions of long good mycelia is cultivated, if sclerotium growth is at bacterium bag sack place in cultivation, the collar should be removed, stretching sack.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107434529A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 桂林市粮铭农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of new Pleurotus tuber-regium fuel |
| CN109588210A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-09 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Artificial induction's method of stone-like omphalia fructification |
| CN112970512A (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2021-06-18 | 云南省供销合作社科学研究所 | Method for cultivating pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium at medium temperature |
| CN114208588A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-22 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Bagasse pleurotus tuber-regium cultivation material, preparation method thereof and pleurotus tuber-regium field cultivation method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107434529A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 桂林市粮铭农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of new Pleurotus tuber-regium fuel |
| CN109588210A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-09 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Artificial induction's method of stone-like omphalia fructification |
| CN112970512A (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2021-06-18 | 云南省供销合作社科学研究所 | Method for cultivating pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium at medium temperature |
| CN114208588A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-22 | 贵州省农作物品种资源研究所 | Bagasse pleurotus tuber-regium cultivation material, preparation method thereof and pleurotus tuber-regium field cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |