TW201347773A - 口服調製劑 - Google Patents
口服調製劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201347773A TW201347773A TW102115265A TW102115265A TW201347773A TW 201347773 A TW201347773 A TW 201347773A TW 102115265 A TW102115265 A TW 102115265A TW 102115265 A TW102115265 A TW 102115265A TW 201347773 A TW201347773 A TW 201347773A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- oral preparation
- weight
- oral
- maltodextrin
- drug
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 33
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 33
- CEUORZQYGODEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aripirazole Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(N2CCN(CCCCOC=3C=C4NC(=O)CCC4=CC=3)CC2)=C1Cl CEUORZQYGODEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 229960004372 aripiprazole Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000845 maltitol Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N maltitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010449 maltitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940035436 maltitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- ARZTVCATAJBVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-[4-[4-(1-benzothiophen-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl]butoxy]-1H-quinolin-2-one Chemical compound S1C2=C(C=C1)C(=CC=C2)C2CCN(CC2)CCCCOC2=CC=C1C=CC(NC1=C2)=O ARZTVCATAJBVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 claims 4
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
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Classifications
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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Abstract
本發明提供能夠改善易服用性並顯示良好之保存安定性的口服調製劑及用於口服調製劑之基質。一種口服調製劑,其含有藥物:糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖(pullulan)或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水,以及用於口服調製劑之基質,其含有糖醇;上述之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水。
Description
本發明關於能夠改善易服用性之口服調製劑及用於口服調製劑之基質。
口服調製劑之投服容易性為藥物治療的重要因素之一。例如,口服調製劑(諸如粉劑、片劑,等)有時會因為調製劑之劑量、尺寸,等而難以服用。在某些情況下,藥物之味道,尤其是不舒服的味道(諸如苦味,等)、氣味,等造成拒絕服用藥物。由於該調製劑之可投服性會防礙疾病之治療,因此容易服用之口服調製劑是有需要的。
[文件列表]
[專利文件]
專利文件1:JP-A-2006-316052
本發明者已發現含有藥物、糖醇、膠凝劑和水之口服調製劑可以很容易地服用並能改善藥物依從性。然而,他們已經發現該調製劑具有糖醇在該調製劑之保存期間內沉澱在該調製劑中或其表面上的問題,這取決於糖醇之種類和/或其含量比。
因此,本發明的目的之一係提供容易服用、可以改善藥物依從性並顯示良好的保存安定性之口服調製劑。
本發明者進行深入的研究以試圖達成上述目的,並發現可以經由在上述之調製劑中添加一或多種選自下列群組之親水性多糖來遏制糖醇在調製劑保存期間沉澱:阿拉伯膠,聚三葡萄糖及麥芽糊精,如此可完成本發明。
因此,本發明提供下列各項。
〔1〕一種口服調製劑,其包含藥物;糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水。
〔2〕如上述〔1〕之口服調製劑,其中該糖醇包含一或多種選自下列群組之糖醇:麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇。
〔3〕如上述〔2〕之口服調製劑,其中該糖醇包含麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇。
〔4〕如上述〔1〕-〔3〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖至少包含麥芽糊精。
〔5〕如上述〔1〕-〔4〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖的含量為0.1-10重量%。
〔6〕如上述〔1〕-〔5〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該膠凝劑至少包含明膠。
〔7〕如上述〔1〕-〔6〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該水之含量為2-30重量%。
〔8〕如上述〔1〕-〔7〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該糖醇之含量為50-95重量%。
〔9〕如上述〔1〕-〔8〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該膠凝劑之含量為1-20%重量%。
〔10〕如上述〔1〕-〔9〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該膠凝劑僅由明膠所構成。
〔11〕如上述〔1〕-〔10〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該藥物為一種基本藥物。
〔12〕如上述〔11〕之口服調製劑,其中該基本藥物為7-〔4-(4-苯並〔b〕噻吩-4-基-六氫吡-1-基)丁氧基〕-1H-喹啉-2-酮或其鹽、或阿立哌唑(aripiprazole)或其鹽。
〔13〕如上述〔1〕-〔12〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其進一步包含一或多種選自下列群組之添加劑:香
料、著色劑、防腐劑及pH調節劑。
〔14〕如上述〔1〕-〔13〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該pH被調節至5-8。
〔15〕一種用於口服調製劑之基質,其包含糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水。
〔16〕如上述〔11〕之口服調製劑,其中該基本藥物為7-〔4-(4-苯並〔b〕噻吩-4-基-六氫吡-1-基)丁氧基〕-1H-喹啉-2-酮或其鹽。
〔17〕如上述〔1〕-〔12〕中任一項之口服調製劑,其進一步包含pH調節劑。
〔18〕如上述〔17〕之口服調製劑,其中該pH調節劑為檸檬酸三鈉二水合物。
由於本發明之口服調製劑在使用期間顯示出良好之舒適性,其促使患者服用該調製劑,反過來說可以改善藥物依從性。此外,本發明之口服調製劑經由添加一或多種選自阿拉伯膠,聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖可遏制糖醇在保存期間沉澱。因此,根據本發明可以提供能夠提供改善藥物依從性及良好之保存安定性效果的口服調製劑。
本發明之口服調製劑在投服時可不使用水且當舐舔或在嘴裡咬嚼時沒有不舒服之藥物味道和氣味,其可很容
易地服用,因此可以改善藥物依從性。
此外,由於本發明之口服調製劑服用時可不使用水,其可不論地點、時間,等很方便地快速服用。再者,由於本發明之口服調製劑服用時可不使用水,其對那些因為其他疾病而需要限制水之攝入量的患者有用。
用於本發明之口服調製劑的基質於作為本發明之口服調製劑的起始原料上很有用。
於本發明之口服調製劑中,該藥物並無特別限制,可提出的有,例如抗焦慮藥(例如地西泮(diazepam)、硝西泮(nitrazepam)、氯氟卓乙酯(ethyl loflazepate)、二鉀氯氮卓(clorazepate dipotassium)、托非索泮(tofisopam)、三唑崙(triazolam)、溴西泮(bromazepam)、奧沙唑崙(oxazolam)、奧沙西泮(oxazepam)、氯噁唑崙(cloxazolam)、巴比妥(barbital))、抗癲癇藥(例如苯妥英(phenytoin)、丙戊酸鈉(sodium valproate)、苯巴比妥(phenobarbital)、硝西泮(nitrazepam))、鎮痛解熱劑(例如對乙醯胺基酚(acetaminophen)、布洛芬(ibuprofen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、甲滅酸(mefenamic acid)、氟滅酸(flufenamic acid)、氟滅酸鋁(flufenamic acid aluminum)、阿司匹靈(aspirin)、阿司匹靈鋁(aspirin
aluminum)、乙水楊胺(ethenzamide)、異丙安替比林(isopropylantipyrine)、安乃近(sulpyrine)、雙氯芬酸鈉(diclofenac sodium)、洛索洛芬鈉(loxoprofen sodium)、鹽酸羥哌苯噻酮(tiaramide hydrochloride)、依莫法宗(emorfazone)、水楊醯胺(salicylamide)、雙水楊酸酯(sasapyrine))、精神神經藥物(例如奮乃靜(perphenazine)、左美丙嗪(levomepromazine)、鹽酸氯丙嗪(chlorpromazine hydrochloride)、氯普噻吨(chlorprothixene)、眠爾通(meprobamate)、鹽酸羥嗪(hydroxyzine hydrochloride)、鹽酸丙咪嗪(imipramine hydrochloride)、阿莫沙平(amoxapine)、舒必利(sulpiride)、氯噻西泮(clotiazepam)、依替唑崙(etizolam)、溴滑利尿素(bromvalerylurea)、烯丙基異丙基乙醯脲(allylisopropylacetylurea)、鹽酸地芬尼多(difenidol hydrochloride)、阿立哌唑)、解痙藥(倒如溴丁基東莨菪鹼(butylscopolamine bromide)、夫洛丙酮(flopropione)、東莨菪萃取物(scopolia extract)、溴甲貝那替秦(methylbenactyzium bromide)、噻哌溴銨(timepidium bromide)、溴甲基東莨菪鹼(methylscopolamine bromide)、氫溴酸東莨菪鹼(scopolamine hydrobromide))、強心劑(例如鹽酸依替福林(etilefrin hydrochloride)、泛癸利酮(ubidecarenone)、咖啡因、諾帕明(denopamine)、維司力農(vesnarinone))、抗心律不整藥物(例如鹽酸卡
替洛爾(carteolol hydrochloride)、吲哚洛爾(pindolol)、鹽酸普萘洛爾(propranolol hydrochloride)、普魯卡因胺(amisalin)、鹽酸茚諾洛爾(indenolol hydrochloride)、阿替洛爾(atenolol)、丙吡胺(disopyramide)、鹽酸美西律(mexiletine hydrochloride)、鹽酸維拉帕米(verapamil hydrochloride)、鹽酸安博律定(aprindine hydrochloride)、鹽酸普羅帕酮(propafenone hydrochloride)、琥珀酸西苯唑啉(cibenzoline succinate))、利尿劑(例如螺內酯(spironolactone)、安體舒通(furosemide)、三氯噻(trichlormethiazide)、泊利噻嗪(polythiazide)、胺苯喋啶(triamterene)、氯噻酮(chlorthalidone)、吡咯他尼(piretanide)、美托拉宗(metolazone)、美夫西特(mefruside)、托伐普坦(tolvaptan)、鹽酸莫扎伐普坦(mozavaptane hydrochloride))、抗高血壓藥物(例如鹽酸托屈井(todralazine hydrochloride)、甲基多巴(methyldopa),夢芙木鹼(rescinnamine)、鹽酸特拉唑嗪(terazosin hydrochloride)、鹽酸哌唑嗪(prazosin hydrochloride)、吲哚洛爾(pindolol)、鹽酸尼卡地平(nicardipine hydrochloride)、鹽酸馬尼地平(manidipine hydrochloride)、尼索地平(nisoldipine)、尼群地平(nitrendipine)、尼伐地平(nilvadipine)、阿拉普利(alacepril)、鹽酸地拉普利
(delapril hydrochloride)、卡托普利(captopril)、馬來酸依那普利(enalapril maleate))、抗高血脂劑(例如γ-谷維素(gamma oryzanol)、菸酸環己醇酯(nicomol)、普伐他汀鈉(pravastatin sodium)、辛伐他汀(simvastatin)、普羅布考(probucol))、鎮咳藥和祛痰劑(例如檸檬酸噴托維林(pentoxyverine citrate)、鹽酸溴己新(bromhexine hydrochloride)、磷酸可待因(codeine phosphate)、硫酸奧西那林(orciprenaline sulfate)、硫酸沙丁胺醇(salbutamol sulfate)、鹽酸曲托喹酚(trimetoquinol hydrochloride)、富馬酸酮替芬(ketotifen fumarate)、鹽酸氮卓斯汀(azelastine hydrochloride)、奧沙米特(oxatomide)、特非那定(terfenadine)、磷酸雙氫可待因(dihydrocodeine phosphate)、磷酸氫可待因sekisanol(hydrocodeine phosphate sekisanol)、酚酞右美沙芬(dextromethorphan phenolphthalinate)、氫溴酸右美沙芬(dextromethorphan hydrobromide)、檸檬酸替培啶(tipepidine citrate)、羥苯醯苯酸替培啶(tipepidine hibenzate)、那可丁(noscapine)、鹽酸那可丁(noscapine hydrochloride)、愈創木酚甘油醚(guaifenesin)、愈創木酚磺酸鉀(potassium guaiacolsulfonate))、類固醇(例如美雄諾龍(mestanolone)、強的松龍(prednisolone)、雌三醇(estriol)、孕酮(progesterone)、醋酸曲安縮松
(triamcinolone acetate)、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、倍他米松(betamethasone))、痛風治療法(例如別嘌呤醇(allopurinol)、秋水仙素(colchicine)、丙磺舒(probenecid))、抗糖尿病劑(例如鹽酸丁雙胍(buformin hydrochloride)、甲苯磺丁脲(tolbutamide)、格列齊特(gliclazide))、抗組織胺劑(例如富馬酸氯馬斯汀(clemastine fumarate)、馬來酸氯馬斯汀(clemastine maleate)、鹽酸苯海拉明(diphenhydramine hydrochloride)、水楊酸苯海拉明(diphenhydramine salicylate)、單寧酸苯海拉明(diphenhydramine tannate)、馬來酸右旋氯苯吡胺(dchlorpheniramine maleate)、馬來酸氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine maleate)、美喹他嗪(mequitazin)、鹽酸曲普利啶(triprolidine hydrochloride)、馬來酸二甲茚定(dimethindene maleate)、酒石酸阿利馬嗪(alimemazine tartarate)、鹽酸氯苯甲嗪(meclizine hydrochloride)、茶苯海明(dimenhydrinate)、鹽酸異丙嗪(promethazine hydrochloride)、馬來酸卡比沙明(carbinoxamine maleate)、鹽酸雙苯拉林(diphenylpyraline hydrochloride))、抗過敏劑(例如曲尼司特(tranilast)、胺甲環酸(tranexamic acid)、富馬酸酮替芬(ketotifen fumarate)、瑞吡司特(repirinast)、奧沙米特(oxatomide)、色甘酸鈉(sodium cromoglicate)、
甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)、甘草酸(glycyrrhizin acid)、甘草酸二鉀(glycyrrhizinate dipotassium)、甘草酸銨(ammonium glycyrrhizinate)、甘草酸單銨(monoammonium glycyrrhizinate)、鹽酸甲基麻黃鹼(methylephedrine hydrochloride)、鹽酸苯丙醇胺(phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride)、鹽酸苯福林(phenylephrine hydrochloride)、鹽酸萘甲唑啉(naphazoline hydrochloride)、四氫唑林(tetryzoline)、鹽酸甲氧苯丙胺(methoxyphenamine hydrochloride))、消化性潰瘍治療法(鹽酸西曲酸酯(cetraxate hydrochloride)、索法酮(sofalcone)、替普瑞酮(teprenone)、馬來酸伊索拉定(irsogladine maleate)、瑞巴派特(rebamipide)、西咪替丁(cimetidine)、法莫替丁(famotidine)、鹽酸雷尼替丁(ranitidine hydrochloride)、奧美拉唑(omeprazole))、戒菸輔助品(例如尼古丁)、用於牙齒和口腔之作用劑(例如氯化十六烷基吡啶鎓(cetylpyridinium chloride)、薁磺酸鈉(sodium azulene sulfonate)、鹽酸地喹氯銨(dequalinium hydrochloride)、桔梗萃取物(platycodon extract)、甘菊萃取物(camomile extract)、鹽酸洗必泰(chlorhexidine hydrochloride))、腦梗塞後遺症改善劑(例如甲磺酸二氫麥角鹼(dihydroergotoxine mesylate))、支氣管擴張劑(胺茶鹼
(aminophylline)、二羥丙茶鹼(diprophylline)、茶鹼(theophylline)、羥丙茶鹼(proxyphylline)、鹽酸丙卡特羅水合物(procaterol hydrochloride hydrate))、抗酸劑(合成矽酸鋁(synthetic aluminum silicate)、合成水滑石(synthetic hydrotalcite)、碳酸氫鈉、沉澱之碳酸鈣、矽鋁酸鎂、氧化鎂、碳酸鎂、氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鋁凝膠)、酸作用劑(鹽酸甜菜鹼、鹽酸麩胺酸)、胃腸功能調節劑(氯化肉鹼、氯化胺甲醯甲膽鹼(bethanechol chloride))、便秘劑(鹽酸黃蓮素(berberine chloride)、單寧酸黃蓮素(berberine tannate)、沒食子酸鉍、次硝酸鉍、白蛋白單寧酸)、黏膜修復劑(尿囊素鋁(aldioxa)、葉綠素銅鈉(sodium copper chlorophyllin)、葉綠素銅鉀、甲基蛋胺酸硫醯氯(methylmethionine sulfonium chloride))、潤腸通便劑(仙塞落(sennoside)、仙塞落A.B(sennoside A.B)、比沙可啶(bisacodyl)、乙戊酚酞(phenovalin)、酚酞(phenolphthalein)、琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸鈉(dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate))、驅腸蟲抗原蟲劑(山道(santonin)、甲硝唑(metronidazole))、維生素(醋酸視黃醇(retinol acetate)、肝油、麥角鈣化醇、α骨化醇、鹽酸硫胺素(thiamine hydrochloride)、硫酸硫胺素(thiamine sulfate)、呋喃硫胺(fursultiamine)、辛硫胺(octotiamine)、核黃素(riboflavin)、鹽酸吡多醇(pyridoxine hydrochloride)、菸鹼酸、泛酸鈣、腺苷鈷
胺(cobamamide)、生物素、抗壞血酸、醋酸生育酚、四烯甲萘醌(menatetrenone))、抗血小板劑(例如西洛他唑(cilostazol))、肉鹼缺乏症治療劑(左卡尼汀(levocarnitine)、氯化左卡尼汀(levocarnitine chloride))、7-[4-(4-苯並[b]噻吩-4-基-六氫吡-1-基)丁氧基]-1H-喹啉-2-酮(以下稱為化合物(I)),等。
欲用於本發明之口服調製劑的基本藥物之實例包括化合物(I)或其鹽,及阿立哌唑或其鹽。化合物(I)和其鹽可藉由JP-A-2006-316052中所描述之方或與其類似之方法製造。
欲用於本發明之化合物(I)的鹽並無特別限制,只要其為藥理學上可接受之鹽,可提出的有,例如無機酸鹽類,諸如硫酸鹽、硝酸鹽、鹽酸鹽、磷酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽,等,有機酸鹽類,諸如醋酸鹽、磺酸鹽(例如對甲苯磺酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、乙磺酸鹽,等)、草酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、琥珀酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽,等。
欲用於本發明中之阿立哌唑的鹽可提出的有那些類似於上述化合物(I)之鹽者。
此外,在本專利說明書中,“化合物(I)或其鹽”包括化合物(I)或其鹽之各種晶體形式(諸如酸酐、溶劑化物(例如水合物))、酸酐和溶劑化物,及彼等之混合物。此外,在本專利說明書中,“阿立哌唑或其
鹽”包括阿立哌唑或其鹽之各種晶體形式(諸如酸酐、溶劑化物(例如水合物))、酸酐和溶劑化物,及彼等之混合物。
本發明之口服調製劑中的藥物含量根據該藥物之種類而有不同,可以選擇適當的量。其通常不超過50重量%,較佳為0.01-50重量%。當使用化合物(I)或其鹽作為本發明之藥物時,化合物(I)或其鹽之含量較佳為0.01-20重量%,更佳為0.01-10重量%,再更佳為0.01-5重量%。當使用阿立哌唑或其鹽作為本發明之藥物時,阿立哌唑或其鹽之含量較佳為0.01-20重量%,更佳為0.01-10重量%,再更佳為0.01-5重量%。
在本發明之口服調製劑的製造步驟中當使用由塑料、鋁,等製成之模具時,混合物中之各別組分在混合物(此係經由將各別組分混合並加熱取得)固化前被填入模具之時間點(例如,當使用PTP(擠壓包裝(press through pack))容器做為模具時,該時間點為混合物固化前填入PTP之時間點)處的定量比大致上沒有從固化取得之調製劑中的各別組分的定量比改變,因為在經由將混合物冷卻至約室溫的固化步驟中,水一般不會大幅減少。另外,由於本發明之口服調製劑在保存和分配過程中係被保持在大致上藉由PTP包裝,等達到之氣密狀態中,各別組分之定量比在此期間內大體上沒有改變。
本發明之口服調製劑含有膠凝劑。
膠凝劑之實例包括明膠、澱粉、果膠、角叉菜膠、瓊
脂,等。可將這些膠凝劑中之一或多種組合使用。
從口服調製劑之舒適使用性的觀點來看,該膠凝劑宜至少含有明膠(例如膠凝劑中含有不少於1重量%之明膠)。含有明膠作為主要組分之膠凝劑(例如膠凝劑中含有不少於50重量%之明膠)更佳,僅由明膠構成之膠凝劑又更佳。
在本專利說明書中,“至少含有明膠”、“明膠作為主要成分”係指含有明膠及其他膠凝劑(例如澱粉、果膠、角叉菜膠、瓊脂,等)作為膠凝劑。
在本發明之口服調製劑中之膠凝劑的含量較佳為1-20重量%,更佳為1-15重量%,再更佳為1-12重量%。
當膠凝劑少於1重量%時,該調製劑之性能傾向難以維持,而當其超過20重量%時,使用期間之舒適性傾向降低。
本發明之口服調製劑含有糖醇。
糖醇之實例包括山梨糖醇,麥芽糖醇,乳糖醇,木糖醇,赤蘚糖醇(erythritol)、還原之巴拉金糖、還原之澱粉糖,等。可將一或多種糖醇組合使用。
糖醇為不能發酵或為耐腐之碳水化合物,其有利於製造防止蛀牙之口服調製劑。
本發明之口服調製劑中的糖醇含量較佳為50-95重量%,更佳為50-90重量%,再更佳為50-85重量%。
當糖醇少於50重量%時,使用期間之舒適性傾向降低,而當糖醇超過95重量%時,該調製劑之性能傾向難以維持。
在作為本發明中之糖醇方面,宜將選自麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇之二或多種糖醇組合使用。從使用期間之舒適性的觀點來看,較佳為至少含有麥芽糖醇。再者,為了改善口服調製劑在使用期間之舒適性及保存穩定性,更佳為將麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇組合使用。
當將麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇組合使用時,該含量為,例如麥芽糖醇10-50重量%(較佳為10-40重量%,更佳為10-35重量%),山梨糖醇10-50重量%(較佳為10-40重量%,更佳為10-35重量%),木糖醇10-50重量%(較佳為10-45重量%,更佳為10-40重量%)。
麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇之混合比(重量比)(麥芽糖醇:山梨糖醇:木糖醇)較佳為1:0.2-5.0:0.2-5.0,更佳為1:0.2-3:0.2-3,再更佳為1:0.2-2:0.2-2。
當本發明之口服調製劑含有麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇且滿足上述之混合比例時可提供在使用期間顯示出良好之舒適性,遏制性能(硬度,等)之時間-過程變化且在長期保存期間具有高穩定性之口服調製劑。
本發明之口服調製劑含有一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖。
這些親水性多糖作為防止本發明中之糖醇沉澱的作用
劑。
在作為欲用於本發明中之親水性多糖方面,麥芽糊精為較佳者。
在作為欲用於本發明中之麥芽糊精方面,DE值(葡萄糖當量)為5-20之麥芽糊精為較佳者,DE值為10-20之麥芽糊精為更佳者,DE值為13-20之麥芽糊精為再更佳者。
麥芽糊精之定義為,例如“從澱粉水解或糊化產生之中間階段的產品,以酸或酶水解來產生低分子麥芽糖”。
在麥芽糊精方面,亦可使用市售產品,可提出的有,例如Pinedex#1(DE值:8)、Pinedex#2(DE值:11)、TK-16(DE值:18),Pinedex#4(DE值:19)(均來自松谷化工有限公司);Amycol 10號(DE值:15-16,NIPPON澱粉化學有限公司。)。
在本發明之口服調製劑中,該一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖的含量較佳為0.1-10重量%,更佳為0.5-10重量%,再更佳為1-10重量%。
當該一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖的含量少於0.1重量%時,糖醇傾向沉澱而當其超過10重量%時,該調製劑之性能傾向無法維持。
本發明之口服調製劑含有水。
本發明之口服調製劑中的水含量較佳為2-30重量%,更佳為2-25重量%,再更佳為5-25重量%。
當水少於2重量%時,該調製劑之性能傾向難以維持,而當其超過30重量%時,該調製劑之性能傾向難以維持,或在使用期間舒適性傾向降低。
本發明之口服調製劑的較佳實施例為含有下列者之調製劑:適量之藥物、50-95重量%之糖醇、0.1-10重量%之一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖及麥芽糊精的親水性多糖、1-20重量%之膠凝劑、2-30重量%之水及下述之可選擇地添加的添加劑(總量為100重量%)。
再者,本發明之口服調製劑的較佳實施例為含有下列者之調製劑::0.01-20重量%之化合物(I)或其鹽(或阿立哌唑或其鹽)、50-95重量%之糖醇、0.1-10重量%之一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖及麥芽糊精的親水性多糖、1-20重量%之膠凝劑、2-30重量%之水,及下述之可選擇地添加的添加劑(總量為100重量%)。
在本發明之口服調製劑中,當使用基本藥物(例如化合物(I)或其鹽、阿立哌唑或其鹽)作為藥物時,本發明之口服調製劑的pH值較佳為pH5-8。
一般而言,基本藥物在溶解後可能發展出苦味。本發明者已發現本發明之口服調製劑的苦味可經由將pH值設在上述範圍內,藉此可抑制該基本藥物(例如化合物(I)或其鹽、阿立哌唑或其鹽)溶解來改善苦味。
根據本發明,即使當含有基本藥物時,經由將pH值調節至上述範圍內可提供容易服用(此可改善藥物依從性)且具有改善之苦味的調製劑。
pH值可藉由藥物調製劑領域中之已知方法調整,例如可提出的有使用pH調節劑之方法。pH調節劑之實例包括鹽酸、磷酸、碳酸、硫酸、硝酸、檸檬酸、酒石酸、蘋果酸、乳酸、醋酸、琥珀酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、抗壞血酸、檸檬酸鈉(如單檸檬酸鈉、檸檬酸二鈉、檸檬酸三鈉、檸檬酸三鈉二水合物)、碳酸鈣、檸檬酸二氫鈉、甘胺酸、酒石酸鈉、氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鎂、碳酸氫鈉、碳酸鈉、乳酸鈣、乳酸鈉、磷酸氫鈉、磷酸鈉、磷酸鈣、甲葡胺(meglumine),等。
在作為用於本發明之pH調節劑方面,檸檬酸鈉(例如檸檬酸單鈉、檸檬酸二鈉、檸檬酸三鈉、檸檬酸三鈉二水合物)、碳酸鈣、檸檬酸二氫鈉、檸檬酸二鈉、甘胺酸、酒石酸鈉、氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鎂、碳酸氫鈉、碳酸鈉、乳酸鈣、乳酸鈉、磷酸氫鈉、磷酸鈉、磷酸鈣或甲葡胺為較佳者,檸檬酸三鈉二水合物為更佳者。
在本發明之口服調製劑中,該pH調節劑之合適含量為能夠將pH值調節至上述範圍內的量,其一般為約0.1-5.0重量%。
本發明之口服調製劑可能依需要含有藥學上可接受之添加劑,諸如著色劑、香料、防腐劑,等。
著色劑之例子包括紅甘藍(紅色)、紅花黃色素(黃色)、梔子藍(藍色)、鐵氧化物(例如紅色三氧化二鐵、黃色三氧化二鐵)、鋁色淀、焦糖、β-胡蘿蔔素、各種食用色素(食用色素黃色1號、食用色素紅色2號,
等),等。
防腐劑之實例包括苯甲酸、苯甲酸鈉、山梨酸鈉、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸丙酯,等。
香料之實施例包括桔子香料、百香果香料、草莓香料、櫻桃香料、蘋果香料、檸檬香料、葡萄香料、咖啡香料、紅茶香料、薄荷草香料、巧克力香料,等。
本發明之口服調製劑在使用期間具有膠黏狀舒適性。
本專利說明書中,“膠黏的”一般係指凝膠組成物,其中主要由碳水化合物及水組成之組成物已藉由膠凝劑凝膠化的,且此概念包含廣泛稱為樹膠、橡皮糖等之糖果。
本發明之口服調製劑可藉由,例如下述方法製造。
將糖醇(例如麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇,等)與純水混合並加熱溶解。將藥物(例如化合物(I)或其鹽,阿立哌唑或其鹽,等)加入其中並藉由一邊攪拌、一邊加熱將混合物混合均勻。該糖醇溶液、膠凝劑(例如明膠,等)預先以純水膨脹並加入pH調節劑(例如檸檬酸鈉,等)及親水性多糖,藉由一邊攪拌、一邊加熱來混合該混合物。將可選擇地添加之添加劑(例如香料,等)添加在混合物中,再將混合物經由攪拌加熱來進一步混合,以產生含有藥物之混合物(固化前之混合物)。經由冷卻將含有藥物之混合物固化,以產生口服調製劑。
在上述方法中,該藉由冷卻將含有藥物之混合物固化
的步驟係依,例如下述進行。
將含有藥物之混合物填充在經由在氯乙烯,等之塑料片或鋁板中形成凹洞所取得的容器中,將含有藥物之混合物靜置以允許固化,由此可取得口服調製劑。當需要時,亦可將模具潤滑劑,諸如中鏈三酸甘油酯,等施用在容器內部。模具潤滑劑可依需要含有助流劑,諸如輕質無水矽酸、滑石、硬脂酸鎂,等。此方法之優點在於該塑料或鋁製容器可直接作為PTP包。
本發明之口服調製劑可安全地經口投予人類。較佳地,其係經由舐舔或在嘴內咬嚼投服,不需喝水。
含有化合物(I)或其鹽(或阿立哌唑或其鹽)之本發明口服調製劑可用於治療人類患者中與CNS(中樞神經系統)相關之疾病,諸如精神分裂症、抑鬱症、雙相情感障礙、癡呆症,等。
本發明之口服調製劑的劑量根據藥物之種類、疾病之種類和嚴重程度,等而有不同。當使用化合物(I)或其鹽(或阿立哌唑或其鹽)作為藥物時,該劑量一般為每日0.05-50毫克之化合物(I)或其鹽(或阿立哌唑或其鹽)。
本發明之口服調製劑的大小和形狀並無特別限制。例如,可提出的為重量通常在約300至10000毫克,特別是約500-6000毫克之口服調製劑。
在本發明之口服調製劑的包裝形式方面,較佳為包裝
在密封容器中,例如PTP包裝(例如鋁PTP包裝)。
此外,本發明亦關於用於口服調製劑之基質,其包含糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水。
各組分(糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水)之實例和含量為類似於用於解釋上述之本發明的口服調製劑之實例和含量者。
用於本發明之口服調製劑的基質可藉由上述製造本發明之口服調製劑的方法或其類似方法製造,除了沒有藥物外。
本發明經由參考實例及實驗性實例更詳細地解釋於下文中,這些實例及實驗性實例不應被解釋為用於限制本發明。
根據表1中所示之化合比,將糖醇(麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇)與純水混合,經由在約140℃加熱來將混合物溶解。加入化合物(I)並經由攪拌將混合物混合均勻。以含有檸檬酸三鈉二水合物、麥芽糊精、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯及對羥基苯甲酸丙酯之純水將明膠膨脹,在約70℃下加熱溶解並將其添加在含有藥物之糖醇混合物中,藉
由攪拌將該混合物混合。在混合物中加入紅色三氧化二鐵、黃色三氧化二鐵和香料,並藉由攪拌將該混合物進一步混合以產生具有表1中所示之混合比的含有藥物之混合物。將所得之含有藥物的混合物填充在鋁PTP容器中,每一容器中750毫克並經由在室溫下冷卻24小時或更長的時間來固化之,以產生實例1-6之口服調製劑。
根據表1中所示之化合比,依實例1-6之相同方法,但使用阿立哌唑作為藥物以取得實例7之口服調製劑。
根據表1中所示之化合比,依實例1-6之相同方法,但不使用藥物以取得實例8之用於口服調製劑的基質。
藉由pH試紙確認實例1-7之口服調製劑及實例8之用於口服調製劑的基質之pH值為5-8。
參考市售樹膠之硬度作為標準,根據以下3個標準,經由在嘴裡咬嚼來評估實例8之口服調製劑的基質之易服用性。結果,該服用性為良好。
良好:良好之硬度
有點差:硬度稍嫌不足
差:軟
根據表2中所示之化合比,將糖醇(麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇)與純水混合,經由在約140℃加熱來將混合物溶解並煮濃成可選擇之水含量。以含有檸檬酸三鈉二水合物及麥芽糊精之純水將明膠膨脹,經由在約70℃下加熱溶解並將其添加到糖醇溶液中,藉由攪拌將該混合物混合以產生具有表2中所示之混合比的混合溶液。將所得之混合溶液填充在鋁PTP容器中,每一容器中750毫克,並經由在室溫下冷卻24小時或更長的時間來固化之,以產生實例9和10之用於口服調製劑的基質。
根據表2中所示之化合比,依實例9和10之相同方法,但不添加麥芽糊精次取得比較性實例1之基質。
藉由pH試紙確認實例9和10及比較性實例1之用於口服調製劑的基質之pH值為5-8。
將所取得之每一種基質保存在40℃下3週。結果,
不含有麥芽糊精之比較性實例1的基質顯示出糖醇沉澱,但含有麥芽糊精之實例9和10的基質中未見到沉澱物。
* 1:TK-16(商品名,松谷化工有限公司)
* 2:Amycol 10號(商品名,NIPPON澱粉化學有限公司)
根據本發明可提供即使沒有水亦可以很容易地服用且可改善藥物依從性之口服調製劑,並提供用於口服調製劑之基質。
本申請案係以美國臨時專利申請案第61/640,474和61/783,163號(其全部內容被納入本文中)
為根據。
Claims (15)
- 一種口服調製劑,其包含藥物;糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖(pullulan)或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;和水。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口服調製劑,其中該糖醇包含一或多種選自下列群組之糖醇:麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之口服調製劑,其中該糖醇包含麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及木糖醇。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖至少包含麥芽糊精。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖的含量為0.1-10重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該膠凝劑至少包含明膠。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該水之含量為2-30重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該糖醇之含量為50-95重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該膠凝劑之含量為1-20%重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製 劑,其中該膠凝劑僅由明膠所構成。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該藥物為一種基本藥物。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項之口服調製劑,其中該基本藥物為7-[4-(4-苯並[b]噻吩-4-基-六氫吡-1-基)丁氧基]-1H-喹啉-2-酮或其鹽、或阿立哌唑(aripiprazole)或其鹽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其進一步包含一或多種選自下列群組之添加劑:香料、著色劑、防腐劑及pH調節劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之口服調製劑,其中該pH被調節至5-8。
- 一種用於口服調製劑之基質,其包含糖醇;一或多種選自阿拉伯膠、聚三葡萄糖或麥芽糊精之親水性多糖;膠凝劑;及水。
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BR112014026879A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
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EP2844232A1 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
US20180055840A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
KR20150003898A (ko) | 2015-01-09 |
EA026187B1 (ru) | 2017-03-31 |
IL235111A0 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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