201239163 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有_導雜於停車場、騎、義物旁邊的植物 的根姓長的地盤形成材’尤其是錢可確保地盤強度同時具有 讓植物的㈣生長較隙，使錄可充分生長的地盤形成材。 【先前技術】 近幾年綠鱗市的要林斷提升，在都市裏的麵位置，例 如在公園、人行步道、博覽會場、停車場、廣場等空地的位置上 種植樹木。被雛賴柄根部往地下生絲，因為根部的生長 ^支撐樹木的功能’所以根部生長在地下的範圍超出想像之外。 若阻礙樹木根部的生長，將影響植物的生長。 * -般在高爾夫球場、棒球場、停車場或建無的院子設有供 草生長的草地。基於綠化都市的要求，在停車場的草地的施工事 例逐漸增加。不過像在停車場—樣的位置，草地下的地基，為了 支撐頻繁出入的車輛，有必要具有某種程度的硬度，以免地基下 ^，但地基若太堅硬，將不利於草地的施工。即使要使短草的根 邛生長，在地基硬邦邦的部分也難以使根部伸長。另外，在汽車 出入頻繁的區域將使地基的土壤變硬，而使短草的根部更難生長。 日本公開專利第2007-49926號，揭示-種樹木根部的誘導用 基礎材以及使用此誘導用基礎材的地基的施工方法，係在施工地 方裝填多數粗粒材、比該粗粒材粒徑小的多數細粒材以及保持 材，透過保持材使細粒材被固定於多數粗粒材之間的空隙部，利 201239163 用空隙部形成誘導樹木的根部生長。 日本公開專利第·8-3〇1732號，揭示一種草地用的基礎材以 及使用此草地㈣基礎材的草地獻方法，係在缸的地方，裝 填多數的粗粒材、以及裝填比該粗粒材粒徑小的多數的細粒材， 多數粗粒材之_空隙部内容納細粒材；在多數粗粒材的上端面 舖《又供短草生長的纖維塾子；糊粗粒材之間的空隙部作為短草 的根部生長的空間。 【發明内容】 本發明的主要目的在提供一種地盤形成材及使用地盤形成材 的覆土工法，是利用雜黏結多個粗粒材及粒徑比粗粒材小的多 個細粒材成為—體的結構’多個粗粒材形成地盤的骨架並具有供 植物的根。卩生長的空隙；在公園或建築物的外圍或人行道的旁邊 等很有限的空間裏進行植栽的場合下，可確保地盤的強度的同時 也讓植物充分的生長；且能轉可吸納水份的鎌，而吸納較多 的水刀，進而可降低在大雨時都市需要大量快速排水的壓力，可 避免因來不及排水而造成都市淹水的情況。 本發明的另一目的在提供一種地盤形成材及使用地盤形成材 的覆土工法’制具有接近相_粒徑及硬度的多個粗粒材形成 地盤的骨架’地盤的上端面的每個區域具有接近相同的耐壓力強 度’地盤的上端面較不會在受到壓力後，因為形成骨架的多個粗 粒材的粒減硬度不同’而使義力強度較弱的區域向下方凹 陷，而使地盤的上端面凹凸不平。 201239163 本發明的地盤形成材，包括： 多個粗粒材；該粗粒材的粒徑為2毫米至60毫米之間； 多個細粒材；該細粒材的粒徑小於該粗粒材；該細粒材的粒徑為 0.002毫米至10毫米之間； 漿材’黏結該多個粗顆粒及該多個細顆粒成一體的地盤； 其中該多個粗粒材形成該地盤的骨架，該多個粗粒材之間形成多 個空隙；該多個細粒材置於該空隙内且被該漿材黏結在該粗粒材 的周圍；俾利用該空隙儲存水份且使植物的根部可伸入該空隙 内，吸收水份及吸收該地盤形成材提供的養份。 本發明的使用地盤形成材的覆土工法，包括如下步驟： (1) 在一施工地控掘一個容置槽； (2) 將多個粗粒材、粒徑比粗粒材小的多個細粒材及漿材所組成 的地盤形成材填充於該容置槽内成為一體的地盤；該多個粗粒 材形成§亥地盤的骨架，該多個粗粒材之間形成多個空隙；該多 個細粒材置於該空隙内且被該漿材黏結在該粗粒材的周圍；俾 利用该空隙儲存水份且使植物的根部可伸入該空隙内，吸收水 份及吸收該地盤形成材提供的養份；該粗粒材的粒徑為2毫米 至60毫米之間；該細粒材的粒徑為〇. 〇〇2毫米至1〇毫米之間。 【實施方式】 如圖1所示，本發明的地盤形成材丨，包括多個粗粒材u、 粒徑比粗粒材11小的多個細粒材12及漿材13所組成；漿材13 黏結多個粗粒材11及多個細粒材12成一體的地盤；多個粗粒材 201239163 11形成地盤的骨架’多個粗粒材11之間形成多個空隙14 ;多個 細粒材12置於空隙14内且被漿材13黏結在粗粒材u的周圍。 多姉粒材Η ’具有接近相同的粒徑及硬度；粗粒材的粒徑 為2毫米至60毫米之間；粗粒材11、細粒材12及漿材13具有吸 收水份及提供植物養份的性能；細粒材12的粒徑為〇. 〇〇2毫米至 10毫米之間。空隙14也能儲存水份，使植物的根部可伸入空隙 14内吸收水份及吸收該地盤形成材丨提供的養份。 本發明的粗粒材11包括：水陶粒、發泡練石、碎石、碑、瓦、 火山礫、爐糾或水泥類的建築廢材等其中之—所構成者。本發 明的細粒材12包括：砂、枯土、堆肥、岩石礦物锻燒發泡細勿 (例如珍珠石（Perlite)、黑曜石等）、泥炭 土、椰子類改良材、火山有或其他賴廢材料至少—種所構 成者。本發_漿材13包括：例如驗_結劑、海麵黏結劑 或天然橡義縣解有_簡劑、雜學㈣合成的合成類 黏結劑、或高分子吸收材等中至少—種所構成者。 本發飾雜〗與±述兩件日本公開專顺主要不同點 的Γ加本發明多個具有接近相同粒徑及硬度的粗粒材η形成地逸 月木’賴用漿材13黏結多個粗粒材u及粒徑比粗粒材旧 細崎丨2成為—體的結構，當地飾成材】的上端面受到 糊行細找嶋時，多個 生寻心及夕個細粒材12較不會散開，較能維持供植物的根部 長的工隙14’且較不會因多個粗粒㈣及多個細粒材12散開、 201239163 脫離原來的位置而麵働_部；且當地盤形減丨承受較大 的雨量或水量時’多個粗粒材11及多個細粒材12較不會散開， 較能維持可吸納水份的空隙14，而可吸納好的水分，進而可降 低在大雨時都市需要大量快速排水_力，可避免因來不及排水 而造成都市淹水的情況；又歸13可為有機齡結劑，除了可黏 結多個粗粒材11及多個細粒材12之外，進—步可提供植物所需 的養分；又多個粗粒材11具有接近相同的粒徑及硬度形成地盤的 骨架後，地盤的上端面的每個區域具有接近相同的耐壓力強度， 地盤的上端面較不會在受力後，因為形成魏❹個粗粒材 11的粒徑及硬度不同’而使耐壓力強度較弱的區域向下方凹陷， 而使地盤的上端面凹凸不平。 如圖2、3所示，本發明地盤形成材丨的第—應關，係做為 人行道2的樹木3旁邊的地盤4;本實施例的地盤形成材丨填充於 樹木3週圍的空間，並包覆樹木3的根部31，然後形成地盤4。 地盤形成材1的上表面的上方舖設一表層41，本實施例的表層41 為供行人行走的瓷磚。本應用例的粗粒材的粒徑為1〇毫米至6〇 毫米之間，最好為20毫米至40毫米之間。 如圖4所示，本發明地盤形成材丨的第二應例，係做為草坪 51生長的地盤4 ;本實施例的地盤形成材丨填充於草坪51下方的 空間，形成地盤4。本應用例的粗粒材的粒徑為2毫米至丨〇毫米 之間，最好為4毫米至8毫米之間。 如圖5所示，本發明使用地盤形成材的覆土工法，包括如下 201239163 步驟： (1) 在一施工地控掘一個容置槽； (2) 將多個粗粒材、粒徑比粗粒材小的多個細粒材及装材所組成的 地盤形成材填充於容置槽内成為一體的地盤；多個具有接近相 同粒徑及硬度的粗粒材形成地盤的骨架並具有多個空隙，多個 細粒材置於空隙内且被漿材黏結在粗粒材的周圍； (3) 使一表層覆蓋於地盤形成材的上端面。 本發明使贱_成材的覆土JL法，包括上述本發明的地盤 形成材及應用例中所揭示的技術内容，不再贅述。 本發明的地盤形成材及使用地盤形成材的覆土工法，利用漿 材黏結多個粗粒材及粒徑比粗粒材小的多個細粒材成為一體的結 構，多個具有接近相同粒徑及硬度的粗粒材形成地盤的骨架，較 能維持供植物的根部生長的空隙；在公園或建築物的外圍或人行 道的旁邊等财限輕間裏進行賊㈣合下，可麵地盤的強 度的同時也讓植物充分社長；且較能轉可吸納水份的空隙， 而可吸納較多的水分，進而可降低在大雨時都市需要大量快速排 水的壓力，可避免因來不及排水而造成都市淹水的情況。又本發 明使用具有接近相同的粒徑及硬度的多個粗粒材形成地盤的骨架 後，地盤的上端面的每個區域具有接近相同的耐壓力強度，地盤 的上端面較不會在受到壓力後，因為形成骨架的多個粗粒材的粒 徑及硬度不同，而使耐壓力強度較弱的區域向下方凹陷，而使地 盤的上端面凹凸不平。 201239163 以上所記載者，僅為利用本發明技術内容之實施例，任何熟 悉本項技藝者運用本發明所為之修飾、變化，皆屬本創作所主張 之專利範圍。 201239163 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明地盤形成材的示意圖。 圖2為本發明地盤形成材第—制例的上視示意圖 圖3為圖2中的AA剖面示意圖。 圖4為本發明地盤形成材第二應用例的剖面示意圖。 圖5為本發明使用地盤形成材的覆土工法的流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 Π粗粒材 13漿材 2人行道 31根部 1地盤形成材 12細粒材 14空隙 3樹木 41表層 (1)、（2)、（3)分別為本發明流程圖中的步驟編號201239163 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention is a site forming material having a root length of a plant which is mixed with a parking lot, riding, and a righteous object. In particular, money can ensure the strength of the site and have plants at the same time. The (4) growth gap, so that the site can be fully grown. [Prior Art] In recent years, the green scale city has to be upgraded, and trees are planted in urban locations such as parks, pedestrian walkways, fairs, parking lots, and plazas. The roots of the stalks are stalked to the ground, because the growth of the roots supports the function of the trees, so the roots grow in the ground beyond the imagination. If it hinders the growth of the roots of the trees, it will affect the growth of the plants. * Generally, grass for grass growth is provided in golf courses, baseball fields, parking lots, or built yards. Based on the requirements of the greening city, the construction of grassland in the parking lot has gradually increased. However, in the parking lot-like location, the foundation under the grass, in order to support the frequent entry and exit of the vehicle, it is necessary to have a certain degree of hardness, so as not to be under the foundation ^, but if the foundation is too hard, it will not be conducive to the construction of the grass. Even if the roots of the short grass are to be grown, it is difficult to stretch the roots in the hard part of the foundation. In addition, the area where the car enters and exits will harden the soil of the foundation, making the roots of the short grass more difficult to grow. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-49926 discloses a method for constructing a base material for inducing roots of trees and a foundation for using the base material for induction, which is to fill a plurality of coarse-grained materials at a construction site, and has a smaller particle diameter than the coarse-grained material. Most of the fine granules and the retaining material pass through the retaining material to fix the fine granules to the voids between the plurality of coarse granules. In 201239163, the formation of the roots of the trees is induced by the voids. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 8-3〇1732 discloses a base material for grassland and a grass laying method using the grass (four) base material, which is filled in a cylinder, and is filled with a large amount of coarse-grained material, and is filled with the coarse-grained material. A large number of fine-grained materials with a small particle size, most of the coarse-grained materials contain fine particles in the voids; on the upper end faces of most coarse-grained materials, "fiber tweezers for short-grass growth; The interstitial space serves as a space for the growth of the roots of the short grass. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for covering a land forming material and a land forming material, which is to use a plurality of coarse-grained materials and a plurality of fine-grained materials having a smaller particle size than coarse-grained materials. Structure 'Multiple coarse grains form the skeleton of the ground and have roots for plants. The gaps that grow in the raft; in the case of planting in a limited space such as the periphery of a park or building or the sidewalk, the strength of the site is ensured while the plants are fully grown; and the water can be absorbed. The shackles, while absorbing more water knives, can reduce the pressure on the city that requires a lot of rapid drainage during heavy rains, and avoid urban flooding caused by insufficient drainage. Another object of the present invention is to provide a land forming material and a covering method using a ground forming material, each of which has an upper end surface of a skeleton of a plurality of coarse-grained material forming substrates having a phase-to-phase particle diameter and hardness. Close to the same pressure resistance strength, the upper end surface of the ground plate is less likely to be depressed after the pressure is applied, because the particles of the plurality of coarse-grained materials forming the skeleton have different hardness reductions, and the weaker-strength region is recessed downward, and the ground plate is recessed. The upper end surface is uneven. 201239163 The ground forming material of the present invention comprises: a plurality of coarse-grained materials; the coarse-grained material has a particle diameter of between 2 mm and 60 mm; a plurality of fine-grained materials; and the fine-grained material has a particle diameter smaller than the coarse-grained material The fine particle has a particle diameter of between 0.002 mm and 10 mm; the slurry material 'bonds the plurality of coarse particles and the plurality of fine particles into an integrated ground; wherein the plurality of coarse particles form a skeleton of the ground plate, Forming a plurality of voids between the plurality of coarse-grained materials; the plurality of fine-grained materials are placed in the voids and adhered to the coarse-grained material by the slurry; and the pores are used to store moisture and make the roots of the plants It can be inserted into the gap to absorb moisture and absorb nutrients provided by the formation of the site. The method for covering the earth using the ground forming material of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) controlling a receiving groove at a construction site; (2) selecting a plurality of coarse particles and a plurality of fine particles smaller than the coarse particles. a ground forming material composed of a granular material and a slurry material is filled in the accommodating groove to form an integrated ground; the plurality of coarse granular materials form a skeleton of the shoji, and a plurality of voids are formed between the plurality of coarse granules; a plurality of fine granules are placed in the void and adhered by the slurry to the periphery of the coarse granule; 俾 use the void to store moisture and allow the root of the plant to protrude into the void, absorb moisture and absorb the slab The nutrient provided by the forming material; the coarse-grained material has a particle diameter of between 2 mm and 60 mm; and the fine-grained material has a particle diameter of between 〇〇2 mm and 1 mm. [Embodiment] As shown in Fig. 1, the land forming material of the present invention comprises a plurality of coarse-grained materials u, a plurality of fine-grained materials 12 having a smaller particle size than the coarse-grained material 11, and a slurry 13; 13 a plurality of coarse-grained materials 11 and a plurality of fine-grained materials 12 are integrated into one ground; a plurality of coarse-grained materials 201239163 11 form a skeleton of the ground forming a plurality of voids 14 between the plurality of coarse-grained materials 11; a plurality of fine particles The material 12 is placed in the void 14 and is bonded by the slurry 13 around the coarse material u. The multi-powdered material Η 'has nearly the same particle size and hardness; the coarse-grained material has a particle size of between 2 mm and 60 mm; the coarse-grained material 11, the fine-grained material 12 and the pulverized material 13 have the function of absorbing water and providing plants The performance of the nutrient; the particle size of the fine granule 12 is between 〇〇2 mm and 10 mm. The void 14 also stores moisture so that the roots of the plant can extend into the void 14 to absorb moisture and absorb nutrients provided by the formation of the site. The coarse-grained material 11 of the present invention comprises: water ceramsite, foamed stone, gravel, stone, tile, volcanic boulder, furnace or cement-based construction waste material, and the like. The fine granule 12 of the present invention comprises: sand, dry soil, compost, rock mineral calcined foamed fine (such as perlite, obsidian, etc.), peat soil, coconut modified material, volcanic or other waste At least the material is composed of the species. The hair _ pulp material 13 includes: for example, a test agent, a sea surface binder, or a natural rubbery county solution, a simple agent, a hybrid (4) synthetic synthetic binder, or a polymer absorbent material, etc. By. The present invention is different from the two main Japanese singularities, and the plurality of coarse granules η having the same particle diameter and hardness are formed. The coarse-grained material u and the particle size are smaller than the coarse-grained material, and the upper end surface of the local fine-grained material is finely smeared by the paste. Will spread out, it is more able to maintain the work gap of the root of the plant 14' and less than a plurality of coarse particles (four) and a plurality of fine-grained materials 12 scattered, 201239163 from the original position and face _ part; and local disc shape When the raft is subjected to a large amount of rainfall or water, the plurality of coarse granules 11 and the plurality of fine granules 12 are less dispersed, and the voids 14 capable of absorbing moisture can be maintained, and the moisture can be absorbed, thereby reducing In the heavy rain, the city needs a lot of rapid drainage _ force, can avoid the urban flooding caused by the lack of drainage; and can be the organic ageing agent, in addition to bonding a plurality of coarse granules 11 and a plurality of fine granules 12 In addition, the step further provides the nutrients required by the plant; and the plurality of coarse grains 11 have nearly the same After the particle size and hardness form the skeleton of the ground plate, each region of the upper end surface of the ground plate has nearly the same pressure resistance strength, and the upper end surface of the ground plate is less likely to be subjected to the force, because the particles forming the coarse grain material 11 are formed. The diameter and the hardness are different, and the region where the pressure resistance is weak is recessed downward, and the upper end surface of the ground plate is uneven. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the first aspect of the construction material of the present invention is the ground 4 next to the tree 3 of the sidewalk 2; the formation material of the present embodiment is filled in the space around the tree 3, and The root 31 of the tree 3 is covered and then the ground 4 is formed. A surface layer 41 is laid above the upper surface of the land forming material 1, and the surface layer 41 of the present embodiment is a tile for pedestrians to walk. The coarse-grained material of this application example has a particle diameter of from 1 mm to 6 mm, preferably from 20 mm to 40 mm. As shown in Fig. 4, a second application example of the land forming material of the present invention is used as a ground plate 4 for growing the lawn 51; the ground forming material of the present embodiment is filled in a space below the lawn 51 to form the ground plate 4. The coarse-grained material of this application example has a particle diameter of from 2 mm to 丨〇m, preferably from 4 mm to 8 mm. As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention uses the method of covering the ground forming material, including the following 201239163. Steps: (1) Controlling a receiving tank at a construction site; (2) A plurality of coarse-grained materials, coarse-grained ratios a plurality of fine granules and a plurality of fine granules and a material forming material are filled in a receiving groove to form an integrated ground; a plurality of coarse granules having a similar particle diameter and hardness form a skeleton of the ground and have a plurality of voids A plurality of fine granules are placed in the void and adhered to the periphery of the coarse granules by the slurry; (3) a surface layer is covered on the upper end surface of the formation of the ground disc. The present invention makes the cover soil JL method of the 贱_material, including the technical contents disclosed in the above-described site formation material and application examples of the present invention, and will not be described again. The land forming material of the present invention and the method for covering the earth using the ground forming material, the plurality of coarse-grained materials and the plurality of fine-grained materials having a smaller particle diameter than the coarse-grained material are bonded together by the slurry, and the plurality of particles have a structure close to the same particle diameter. And the hardness of the coarse-grained material forms the skeleton of the site, which is more able to maintain the gap for the growth of the roots of the plant; in the park or the periphery of the building or next to the sidewalk, the thief (four) is closed, the strength of the surface can be At the same time, it also allows the plant to be full of presidents; and it can transfer more water to absorb the gaps of water, and absorb more water, which can reduce the pressure of the city to need a lot of rapid drainage during heavy rain, and avoid urban flooding due to lack of drainage. The situation of water. Further, after the present invention uses a plurality of coarse-grained materials having nearly the same particle diameter and hardness to form a skeleton of the ground plate, each region of the upper end surface of the ground plate has nearly the same withstand pressure strength, and the upper end surface of the ground plate is less stressed. Thereafter, since the particle diameter and hardness of the plurality of coarse-grained materials forming the skeleton are different, the region where the pressure-resistant strength is weak is recessed downward, and the upper end surface of the ground plate is uneven. 201239163 The above description is only for the embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art using the present invention are within the scope of the patent claimed. 201239163 [Schematic Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a forming material of a panel of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view showing a first embodiment of a panel forming material of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second application example of the formation of the disk of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing the method of covering the earth using the land forming material of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] Π coarse grain material 13 pulp material 2 sidewalk 31 root part 1 site formation material 12 fine grain material 14 gap 3 tree 41 surface layer (1), (2), (3) are respectively in the flow chart of the present invention Step number