201239077 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關用於煉焦爐廠型“熱回收”的無膨脹固 定式爐門控制器’藉此’煉焦爐室門不用煉焦爐操作機器 ’即可垂直開啓’使得可藉由使用低膨脹傳動裝置與拉力 構件’避免在關閉期間，因傳動機構之膨脹而造成爐門控 制器之拉力構件偏離參考配置，以及煉焦爐室門之附着力 差異導致不理想的牽引力放大。本發明亦應用於使用供自 動啓閉煉焦爐室門之剛性拉力構件與低膨脹傳動裝置之煉 焦爐廠型“熱回收”的無膨脹固定式爐門操作之方法。 【先前技術】 焦炭之製造通常循環發生’藉此，首先，煤被裝入煉 焦爐室供煉焦，煤被轉變成焦炭，接著製成之焦炭被排出 煉焦爐室。爲實施本循環製造方法，煉焦爐室必須在裝入 之後開啓，並在排出之後再度關閉。由於該程序費時，且 從安全相關觀點看來’在煉焦期間施加之溫度吹毛求疵， 因此有若干機械地實施啓閉煉焦爐室門之程序的習知技術 通常，採用以煉焦爐清出機搣啓閉煉焦爐室門之程序 ’該機械於清出程序之前移除門，並沿水平方向將其移離 煉焦爐。在煉焦爐室之清空和裝塡之後，使煉焦爐室門再 度回到所提供的開啓位置。本程序之缺點在於，在用於煉 焦爐操作機械之煉焦爐室門前面須有大的空間來起始舉起 -5- 201239077 及重新插入門的程序，以使得能水平移離煉焦爐室門。 因此，有若干習知方法能藉由直接垂直舉起，開啓煉 焦爐室門。因此，在煉焦爐室門前面無需空間來啓閉裝置 〇 WO 01/18150 A2說明一種煉焦爐室、輔助加熱室、 輔助加熱室下方之冷卻空氣導管、供氣導管、用來將空氣 吸入供氣導管之調節裝置、廢氣收集導管、從煉焦爐室之 頂部裝塡之裝煤機器、從煉焦爐室之一側排出之排出機器 、拾取煉焦爐室之相對側上之焦炭之淬火滑車、煉焦爐室 門、門啓閉機構、焦炭儲存裝置、淬火塔及接至鍋爐設施 之廢氣收集導管之系統。此原理揭橥用於煉焦爐室門之啓 閉機構，其藉液壓驅動單元，以拉力垂直開開啓門，藉此 ，以纜線轉送拉力，其經由偏轉滑輪，被轉換成水平拉力 ，使得拉伸裝置可抗平衡重量，水平搬送纜線。其並未提 及可賴以個別起動煉焦爐室門，並能可靠啓閉煉焦爐組之 個別煉焦爐室門之煉焦爐室門的自動起動。 德國專利DE 1 44947 C說明一種藉由自動連接桿、框 或均等型裝置之動力缸以及滾輪所導引並接觸爐門之拉伸 裝置，舉起及降下特別是煉焦爐之煉焦爐室門之裝置，藉 此，活動桿或類似構件於爐之正面方向裝配若干拉伸裝置 ，使得若千爐門可依需要同時被舉起。該裝置亦有具備個 別煉焦爐室之整個煉焦爐台無法自動操作之缺點，此乃因 爲無用於個別動力傳輸機構之起動裝置，且拉力傳輸藉單 —纜線發生。 -6- 201239077 德國專利DE 98545 C說明一種用以啓閉煉焦爐室門 之裝置，藉此，能機械地且從接合位置進行煉焦爐室門的 拉起與降下，其中，於向前方向行進之絞盤被裝入煉焦爐 室門上方之煉焦爐台或煉焦爐組，其拉伸裝置一方面爲成 套動力源，另一方面可連接至煉焦爐室門中的一個，以可 從一點拉起相鄰門中的每一個別門。本發明無法自動起動 個別煉焦爐室門，只能手動起動個別煉焦爐室門。因此， 具有個別煉焦爐室之整個煉焦爐台無法自動操作。另一問 題在於使用不符現代煉焦爐室門開啓機構之機械要求的動 力傳輸系統。 WO 2009068 1 8 3 AI說明一種用於煉焦爐室門及水平 煉焦爐室之垂直啓閉之驅動機構，其經由鏈條或纜線舉起 門至開啓位置，且纜線或鏈條經由偏轉滑輪連接至起動槓 桿，使得纜線或鏈條經由偏轉滑輪被水平拉動，且門被垂 直拉起，藉此，經起動之槓桿被連接至拉柄，其在起動槓 桿起動後，進入握爪滑車之握爪凸輪，且握爪滑車經由纜 線拉動驅動，且門在起動槓桿起動後，被拉入開啓位置， 亦經由適當機構鎖定於開啓位置。惟該機構無法達成移動 機構之厘米級精度之起動，此乃因爲所用鏈條或纜線可能 膨脹，且在因強大拉力而起動期間膨脹。用在握爪滑車上 之握爪凸輪亦暴露於強大拉力。 此等發明致能煉焦爐室門之垂直啓閉，藉此，在裝塡 及排出期間，室門可經由煉焦爐室門開啓定位。啓閉藉暴 露於高拉伸或拉長力量之撓性纜線發生。這造成纜線長度 201239077 隨著所施加拉力及所用纜線材料之膨脹係數改變。因此， 在歷經過整個使用期間之後，門的正確位置因纜線長度之 改變而無法正確判定。這經常於控制開啓程序期間導致困 難。而且，纜線可能因強大拉力而斷裂，這代表對操作人 員的極大危險。因此，纜線路線須藉對應保護安全裝置廣 泛保護。在煉焦程序期間，煉焦爐室門亦因沉積於門中煉 焦產品而卡住，以致於須施加因附著程度而異的強大拉力 來開啓。這要求所用纜線的對應大尺寸，因此，牽涉到高 投資及操作成本。 因此，有利的是，提供拉力傳輸以用於煉焦爐室門之 垂直啓閉，其不再容易膨脹，且不會因膨脹力量而裂開》 這導致能正確計算用以啓閉煉焦爐室門之拉力動程及解除 程序，並可避免安裝控制的過度施加。亦無需供限制纜線 斷裂之操作團隊用安全裝置。畢竟，可永久設計實質上更 便宜且可更耐久的無膨脹拉力傳輸機構，其亦有助於整個 程序之經濟性的改進。 【發明內容】 因此，有一提供能可靠地操作煉焦爐室之門鎖緊機構 ，且不使用可膨脹纜線於拉力傳輸，又可膨脹或易斷裂纜 線不僅被更換來用於牽引滑車之牽引，且用於牽引滑車之 拉力對煉焦爐室門之傳輸之方法及機構的課題。最後，牽 引滑車應被設計成無需易斷裂之握爪凸輪。 本發明藉一裝置解決此問題，該裝置用裝配防破裂及 -8- 201239077 防膨脹拉鉤之拉力構件，正面開啓或關閉鎖緊煉焦爐室之 煉焦爐室門’藉此，在請求下，沿煉焦爐室正面水平延伸 於導引裝置上之牽引滑車透過牢固連接至牽引滑車之傳輸 裝置’經由連接機構，連接至拉力構件，且具有傳輸裝置 之牽引滑車經由偏轉滑輪牢固連接至煉焦爐室門，又，拉 力構件及傳輸裝置剛性且無膨脹，使得在連接機構的請求 下’煉焦爐室門可於拉力構件水平移動時，垂直啓閉。該 請求可手動發生，惟較佳地，經由遙控自動起始。 拉力構件通常係剛性鋼拉力桿。鏈條通常被用來作爲 傳輸裝置，其鋼段係低膨脹，藉此，硬鋼特別適用於鏈段 之製造。因此，作爲拉力構件之拉力桿防撕裂，且由低膨 脹鋼段製成之鏈條不再易於延長。因此，可使啓閉程序之 控制更容易。 特別指出一種用於煉焦爐廠型“熱回收”的無膨脹固 定式爐門控制器，包括： •煉焦爐台或煉焦爐組，具有多數直列煉焦爐室， •煉焦爐室門，其可垂直活動並正面關閉該等煉焦爐 室， •可水平位移之拉力構件，其至少部分地沿該煉焦爐 室之正面行進，設有驅動單元，且設有至少一個拉鉤， •牽引滑車，其至少部分地沿該煉焦爐室之正面行進 ，且可水平活動， •傳動裝置，其牢固地連接至該牽引滑車，且經由偏 轉滑輪牢固地連接至該等煉焦爐室，並須藉該剛性拉力構 -9- 201239077 件至少暫時連接至該牽引滑車，且其特徵在於， •該拉力構件剛性且無膨脹，且 •該傳動裝置低膨脹，且 •在請求下，連接機構連接該牽引滑車至該剛性拉力 構件。 本裝置較佳地被用在煉焦爐室正面的兩側，這意謂著 不僅在機器側，亦在焦炭側。剛性拉力構件較佳地爲拉力 桿。傳輸裝置低膨脹或在較佳態樣中幾乎無膨脹。低膨脹 傳輸裝置較佳地係由低膨脹鋼段製成之鏈條。低膨脹被解 釋爲意指在開啓或關閉期間，鏈條僅變化其全長的數毫米 0 在請求拉力傳輸下連接牽引滑車至拉力構件之連接機 構可爲任何類型。這可例如藉由傾斜、迴旋或舉起運動， 被從休止位置帶到工作位置。 連接機構較佳地爲經由接頭緊固至牽引滑車之鎧件， 且其可在請求下使用槓桿樞轉，藉此，當拉力桿被移動時 ，拉力桿之拉鉤嚙合於扣件中，這使得當鏺件不樞轉時， 拉鉤能無礙地通過。 然而，連接機構亦可爲滑件，經由軸承緊固至牽引滑 車，使得其可被橫切牽引滑車之移動方向移動，且可在請 求下，使用槓桿推壓，藉此，當在請求下，拉力桿移動時 ’拉力桿之拉鉤扣入爲此用途而設的孔中，或將拉鉤壓抵 於滑件之突起。因此，不再需要鎧件。因此，不再需要習 知技術所教不，具有潛在易斷鉤的拉力握爪凸輪。 -10- 201239077 有利的是提供牽引滑車’其分別用於具有待開啓之煉 焦爐室門之各煉焦爐室。有利的是在具有待開啓之煉焦爐 室門之煉焦爐室的相向側設置額外牽引滑車’其藉個別拉 力桿牽引，使得煉焦爐室之二相向煉焦爐室門可被獨立或 同時操作。 拉力桿具有任一型的驅動單元。拉力桿或拉力構件因 驅動單元而於水平方向，沿煉焦爐室正面移動。驅動單元 較佳地至少於一端設有液壓缸。這藉液壓單元之液壓泵驅 動。於又一較佳態樣中，拉力桿至少於一端裝配齒輪馬達 單元》該驅動單元可定位於任何位置，只要可靠傳輸拉力 至拉力桿即可。若其爲齒輪馬達單元，即較佳地定位於鄰 接拉力構件之煉焦爐室之頂部。這能實現短力量傳輸路徑 〇 拉力桿或拉力構件可裝配用於拉力之傳輸之任何拉鉤 或突起。拉鉤可例如在拉力構件上，於懸掛位置，縱向地 水平調整。拉力桿通常安裝在滾輪上以改進機動性。 用於镫件或滑件之請求機構可爲任何設計。這可裝配 簡單槓桿以用於永久或輔助手動起動。惟，較佳地，這可 裝配自動機構’藉此，鎧件或滑件被移動進入拉力所須位 置。 亦指出一種用於煉焦爐廠型“熱回收”的無膨脹固定 式爐門控制之方法，其中 •具有多數直列煉焦爐室之煉焦爐台或煉焦爐組之煉 焦爐室門必須周期性啓閉，且 -11 - 201239077 •設有連接機構’其可經由導引裝置沿該煉焦爐室正 面活動之牽引滑車在無請求下保持於休息位置，且其特徵 在於， •設有拉鉤之剛性與無膨脹拉力構件在請求下沿該煉 焦爐室正面縱向移動， •連接機構在請求下經由該拉鉤連接該牽引滑車與該 拉力構件，使具有該拉力構件之該牽引滑車沿該煉焦爐室 正面縱向移動， •該牽引滑車經由低拉力傳動裝置開啓該煉焦爐室門 ，並在該牽引滑車返回時關閉該煉焦爐室門》 拉力構件或拉力桿可具有用於水平位移之任何類型驅 動，這被用來作爲在沿垂直方向偏轉之後，煉焦爐室門之 啓閉的力量。拉力構件可例如藉液壓缸移動，該液壓缸爲 液壓單元之液壓泵所驅動。拉力構件亦可藉位於拉力桿端 部之齒輪馬達單元移動，且其例如藉由小齒輪或燈籠形齒 輪力量傳輸，將拉力及拖拉運動傳輸至拉力桿。液壓元件 或齒輪馬達可爲任何設計。它們可例如藉內燃機、電力或 蒸汽驅動。驅動單元可例如位於拉力桿端部，在此，它們 將拉力及拖拉運動傳輸至拉力桿。 傳輸裝置低膨脹或較佳地無膨脹，其以在啓閉期間僅 改變數毫米之長度表示。這尤其可以液壓缸在拉力構件上 之過衝程措施測量，該過衝程設定爲最大過衝程係15 0 mm。不僅不同的門舉起且鏈條膨脹均藉此過衝程補償。 驅動單元可依煉焦程序期間及待操作之煉焦爐室數目 -12- 201239077 暫時或永久運作。若其暫時運作，即可例如藉遙控機構請 求或起動。其亦可永久運作且連結而用於位移程序。 連接機構亦可依需要請求。這可手動或遙控發生。因 此，可想而知，連接機構藉由無線遙控請求。亦可想而知 經由有線所作之遙控。於本發明之一態樣中，亦可從例如 作爲焦炭排出機器之煉焦爐操作機器操作連接機構。 本發明相關程序較佳地不僅用於“非回收”型亦用於 “熱回收”型煉焦爐台。惟，待垂直啓閉之煉焦爐室門之 應用有利的所有類型的煉焦爐廠均可用於此途。 本發明相關裝置及所實施之方法具有煉焦爐台或煉焦 爐組之煉焦爐室門可個別開啓或關閉而無需煉焦爐室正面 的空間，藉此，不使用可能導致啓閉程序較不正確之可膨 脹纜線於驅動力量之傳輸。由於本發明相關裝置，因此， 不再須要提供具有安全裝置之—般使用之纜線作爲抗纜線 斷裂之保護。這有助於整個程序之改善效率。 【實施方式】 〔發明之實施形態〕 茲根據五個圖更詳細說明本發明相關程序之流程，惟 本發明相關程序不限於此等態樣。第1圖顯示具有六個煉 焦爐室之煉焦爐台，其設有用以舉起與降下煉焦爐室門之 本發明相關裝置。第2圖於垂直視圖中從上方顯示包含六 個煉焦爐室之煉焦爐。第3圖側視顯示镫件型本發明相關 連接機構。第4圖正視顯示鎧件型本發明相關連接機構。 -13- 201239077 第5圖正視顯示滑件型本發明相關連接機構。 第1圖顯示具有六個煉焦爐室（2 a-f)之煉焦爐台（1 )，其裝配正面煉焦爐室門（3a-f)，以藉由垂直舉起’ 開啓門（3a-f)，使得煉焦爐室（2)準備裝塡’並藉由垂 直降下，予以關閉。煉焦爐室門（3a-f)藉低膨脹段（4a )製成之鏈條（4)連接，其轉而被連接至牽引滑車（5) 。牽引滑車（5 )包含：實際滑車，其藉可滾動懸架（7 ) 緊固在位於其上方之拉力桿（6)上；以及連接機構（8) ，其連接至滑車（5)。在請求下，連接機構（8)關閉， 使得牽引滑車（5)機械地牢固連接至拉力桿（6)。拉力 桿（6 )沿水平方向（在此至右）位移，使得左邊之煉焦 爐室門（3a)藉由舉起而被開啓。這暴露焦炭（9)於煉 焦爐室中。亦可看得到用於拉力桿（6 )之驅動單元（1 0 )，其包含液壓缸（10O 。連接機構（8)包含鎧件（8a )，其藉由折回及鎖緊，嚙合拉力桿（6)之突起（11) 或拉鉤，從而在水平位移期間沿著拉力桿（6 )攜載或將 其解除。 第2圖於垂直視圖中從上方顯示包含六個煉焦爐室（ 2a-f)之煉焦爐台（1 )。煉焦爐室（2a-f)藉剛性梁（12 )側向載送到煉焦爐室正面。可看到拉力桿（6 )，其可 沿水平方向位移。這較佳地經由液壓缸（1 0 a )設計之驅 動器（10)發生。藉由拉力桿（6)之水平位移，在請求 下’牽引滑車（5 )被連接至拉力桿（6 )，使得牽引滑車 (5 )被帶動。這於煉焦爐室門（3 )下方開啓。 -14- 201239077 第3圖顯示連接機構（8 )之側視圖》在此，連接機 構（8 )被設計爲鎧件（8 a )，其藉接頭（1 3 a )裝入托架 (13 )中。在請求下，鎧件（8 a )被向上折，藉此，鎧件 (8a)經由棒（14)扣入拉力桿（6)的拉鉤（11)內。 在拉力桿（6 )之水平位移情況下，鎧件（8a )被攜載而 行。鎧件（8a )轉而被連接至牽引滑車（5 )，使得在拉 力桿（6 )水平位移時，牽引滑車（5 )亦位移。這再度經 由鏈條（4)連接至煉焦爐室門（3)，使得煉焦爐室門（ 3 )藉由水平位移運動啓閉。可看到藉棒（1 4a )折回之折 回鎧件（8b)，其導致拉鉤（11)能通過。 第4圖以沿拉力桿（6 )之視圖顯示相同連接機構（8 )。在安裝於滾輪裝置（5a)上之牽引滑車（5)上安裝 一載送措施’鎧件（8a)藉棒（14)緊固至該措施。於此 ，其亦在請求下藉槓桿（15a)向下折，並向上迴旋，使 得安裝於拉力桿（6 )上之拉鉤（1 1 )可扣入鎧件（8a ) 之棒（14 )內。結果，牽引滑車（5 )被攜載而行，鏈條 (4 )藉煉焦爐室門（3 )懸掛於其上。在向後拉回拉力桿 (6 )時，鎧件（8a )被解除，使得煉焦爐室門（3 )因自 重而掉回煉焦爐室門開啓位置。 第5圖顯示被設計爲滑件（8c )之連接機構（8 )。 其具有突起（8d)，該突起（8d)藉由滑件（8c)之側向 位移’壓抵拉力桿（6)之拉鉤（11)。當拉力桿（6)移 動（垂直於紙面）時，牽引滑車（5)被攜載而行，且當 拉力桿（6)被向後拉回時，牽引滑車（5)被解除。這啓 -15- 201239077 閉煉焦爐室門（3)。滑件被安裝於載送裝置（15)上， 並藉槓桿（15a)操作。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖顯示具有六個煉焦爐室之煉焦爐，惟煉焦爐室 之數目不受限制。 第2圖從上方垂直顯示包含六個煉焦爐室之煉焦爐， 惟煉焦爐室之數目不受限制。 第3圖顯示連接機構之側視圖。 第4圖以沿拉力桿之視圖顯示連接機構。 第5圖顯示被設計爲滑件之連接機構。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :煉焦爐台或煉焦爐組 2a-f :煉焦爐室 3a-f =煉焦爐室門 4 :鏈條 4a :鏈段 5 :牽引滑車 5a :滾輪裝置 5b :導引裝置 6 :拉力桿 7 :懸架 8 :連接機構 -16 - 201239077 8 a :鎧件 8b :折回鎧件 8 c :滑件 8d :滑件上之突起 9 :焦炭 1 0 :驅動單元 l〇a :液壓缸 1 1 :托架或拉鉤 1 2 :剛性梁 1 3 :托架 13a :托架鉸鏈 14 :棒 14a :折回棒 15:用於鎧件或滑件之載送裝置 15a :載送裝置上之槓桿201239077 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a non-expanding fixed furnace door controller for a coke oven type "heat recovery", whereby the "coking furnace chamber door operates without a coke oven" It can be opened vertically so that the tension member of the door controller can be deviated from the reference configuration due to the expansion of the transmission mechanism and the adhesion difference of the coke oven chamber door can be avoided by using the low expansion transmission and the tension member. Lead to undesired traction amplification. The present invention is also applicable to a method of operating a non-expansion fixed furnace door using a coke oven type "heat recovery" of a rigid tensile member for automatically opening and closing a coke oven chamber door and a low expansion transmission. [Prior Art] The manufacture of coke is usually cycled. Thus, first, coal is charged into a coke oven chamber for coking, coal is converted into coke, and then coke produced is discharged into a coke oven chamber. To carry out the cycle manufacturing process, the coke oven chamber must be opened after loading and closed again after discharge. Since the procedure is time consuming and the temperature applied during coking is deflated from a safety-related point of view, there are a number of conventional techniques for mechanically implementing the procedure for opening and closing the chamber door of a coke oven, usually using a coke oven cleaning machine. Procedure for closing the coke oven chamber door 'The machine removes the door before the clearing process and moves it horizontally away from the coke oven. After emptying and erecting the coke oven chamber, the coke oven chamber door is returned to the open position provided. The disadvantage of this procedure is that there must be a large space in front of the coke oven chamber door for the coke oven operating machinery to initiate the lifting of -5 - 201239077 and reinsertion of the door to enable horizontal movement away from the coke oven door . Therefore, there are a number of conventional methods for opening the coke oven chamber door by directly lifting it vertically. Therefore, there is no need for space to open and close the device in front of the coke oven chamber door. WO 01/18150 A2 describes a coke oven chamber, an auxiliary heating chamber, a cooling air duct below the auxiliary heating chamber, a gas supply duct, and a gas supply for inhaling air. Conduit adjustment device, exhaust gas collection conduit, coal charging machine mounted from the top of the coke oven chamber, discharge machine discharged from one side of the coke oven chamber, quenching pulley for picking coke on the opposite side of the coke oven chamber, coke oven A door, a door opening and closing mechanism, a coke storage device, a quenching tower, and a system for exhaust gas collection conduits connected to a boiler facility. This principle discloses an opening and closing mechanism for a coke oven chamber door, which uses a hydraulic drive unit to open the door vertically by pulling force, thereby transmitting a pulling force by a cable, which is converted into a horizontal pulling force via a deflection pulley, so that the pulling The extension device resists the balance weight and transports the cable horizontally. It does not mention that it is possible to individually start the coke oven chamber door and to reliably open and close the automatic starting of the coke oven chamber door of the individual coke oven chamber doors of the coke oven group. German Patent DE 1 44 947 C describes a lifting device which is guided by a power cylinder and a roller of an automatic connecting rod, a frame or an equal type device and which is guided by a roller and contacts the furnace door, lifting and lowering the coke oven chamber door, in particular, the coke oven The device whereby the movable rod or the like assembles a plurality of stretching devices in the front direction of the furnace so that the door can be lifted at the same time as needed. The device also has the disadvantage that the entire coke oven table with individual coke oven chambers cannot be operated automatically, since there is no starting device for the individual power transmission mechanism, and the tension transmission is carried out by the cable-cable. -6- 201239077 German patent DE 98545 C describes a device for opening and closing the door of a coke oven chamber, whereby the pull-up and lowering of the coke oven chamber door can be carried out mechanically and from the joint position, wherein the forward direction is carried out The winch is loaded into the coke oven or coke oven group above the door of the coke oven chamber, and the stretching device is a complete power source on the one hand, and can be connected to one of the coke oven chamber doors on the other hand to pull the phase from one point. Each individual door in the adjacent door. The invention cannot automatically start individual coke oven chamber doors, and can only manually start individual coke oven chamber doors. Therefore, the entire coke oven table with individual coke oven chambers cannot be operated automatically. Another problem is the use of a power transmission system that does not meet the mechanical requirements of modern coke oven door opening mechanisms. WO 2009068 1 8 3 AI describes a vertical opening and closing drive mechanism for a coke oven chamber door and a horizontal coke oven chamber, which lifts the door to an open position via a chain or cable, and the cable or chain is connected via a deflection pulley to The lever is actuated such that the cable or chain is pulled horizontally via the deflection pulley and the door is pulled up vertically, whereby the activated lever is coupled to the pull handle, which enters the gripper cam of the gripper pulley after the start lever is activated And the gripper pulley is driven by the cable pull, and after the start lever is activated, the door is pulled into the open position, and is also locked in the open position by a suitable mechanism. However, the agency was unable to achieve the centimeter-level accuracy of the mobile mechanism because the chain or cable used might expand and expand during start-up due to strong pull. The gripper cams used on the gripper block are also exposed to strong pulling forces. These inventions enable vertical opening and closing of the coke oven chamber door whereby the door can be opened and positioned via the coke oven chamber door during installation and discharge. A flexible cable that is exposed to high tensile or elongated forces occurs. This causes the cable length 201239077 to change with the applied tension and the coefficient of expansion of the cable material used. Therefore, after the entire period of use, the correct position of the door cannot be correctly determined due to the change in cable length. This often leads to difficulties during the control of the opening process. Moreover, the cable may break due to strong pulling forces, which represents a great danger to the operator. Therefore, cable lines must be widely protected by corresponding protective safety devices. During the coking process, the coke oven chamber door is also stuck by the coking product deposited in the door, so that a strong pulling force depending on the degree of adhesion is required to be opened. This requires a correspondingly large size of the cable used and, therefore, involves high investment and operating costs. Therefore, it is advantageous to provide tension transmission for the vertical opening and closing of the coke oven chamber door, which is no longer easy to expand and does not crack due to the expansion force. This results in a correct calculation for opening and closing the coke oven chamber door. The pull stroke and release procedure can avoid excessive application of the installation control. There is also no need for a safety device for the operator of the cable that limits the breakage of the cable. After all, a non-expanding tension transfer mechanism that is substantially cheaper and more durable can be permanently designed, which also contributes to the economics of the entire process. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, there is provided a door locking mechanism capable of reliably operating a coke oven chamber, and without using an expandable cable for tension transmission, and an expandable or easily breakable cable is not only replaced for traction of a traction block. And the method and mechanism for pulling the pulling force of the pulley to the door of the coke oven chamber. Finally, the traction block should be designed so that there is no need to break the gripper cam. The present invention solves this problem by means of a device which is equipped with a tensile member which is equipped with an anti-fracture and -8-201239077 anti-expansion hook, and opens or closes the coke oven chamber door which locks the coke oven chamber on the front side, thereby, upon request, along the request The traction pulley on the front side of the coke oven chamber extending horizontally on the guiding device is connected to the tension member via a connecting mechanism that is firmly connected to the traction pulley, and the traction pulley with the transmission device is firmly connected to the coke oven chamber door via the deflection pulley Moreover, the tension member and the transmission device are rigid and non-expanding, so that the coke oven chamber door can be vertically opened and closed when the tension member moves horizontally at the request of the connection mechanism. The request can occur manually, but preferably, it is automatically initiated via a remote control. The tensile members are typically rigid steel tensile rods. Chains are commonly used as conveyors with a low expansion of the steel section, whereby hard steel is particularly suitable for the manufacture of segments. Therefore, the tension bar as the tension member is rip-proof, and the chain made of the low-expansion steel segment is no longer easily elongated. Therefore, the control of the opening and closing program can be made easier. In particular, a non-expanding fixed door controller for coke oven type "heat recovery" is specified, including: • a coke oven or coke oven group with a plurality of in-line coke oven chambers, • a coke oven chamber door, which is vertically movable And frontally closing the coke oven chambers, • a horizontally displaceable tension member that at least partially travels along the front surface of the coke oven chamber, is provided with a drive unit, and is provided with at least one pull hook, • a traction block, at least partially Traveling along the front side of the coke oven chamber and being horizontally movable, • a transmission that is securely coupled to the traction pulley and that is securely coupled to the coke oven chamber via a deflection pulley and that is to be rigidly tensioned - 201239077 The piece is at least temporarily connected to the traction block and is characterized in that: • the tension member is rigid and non-expanding, and • the transmission is low in expansion, and • the coupling mechanism connects the traction block to the rigid tension member upon request . The apparatus is preferably used on both sides of the front side of the coke oven chamber, which means not only on the machine side but also on the coke side. The rigid tension member is preferably a pull rod. The delivery device has a low expansion or, in a preferred aspect, little expansion. The low expansion conveyor is preferably a chain of low expansion steel segments. Low expansion is interpreted to mean that the chain only changes a few millimeters of its full length during opening or closing. 0 The connection mechanism connecting the traction sheave to the tension member under the request of tension transmission may be of any type. This can be brought from the rest position to the working position, for example by tilting, turning or lifting the movement. The attachment mechanism is preferably a clamp that is fastened to the traction block via a joint, and which can be pivoted using a lever upon request, whereby when the tension bar is moved, the pull rod of the tension bar engages in the fastener, which When the jaws are not pivoted, the hooks can pass unimpeded. However, the connecting mechanism can also be a sliding member that is fastened to the traction pulley via a bearing so that it can be moved in the direction of movement of the transverse traction pulley and can be pushed using a lever upon request, whereby, upon request, When the tension bar moves, the pull rod of the pull rod is buckled into the hole provided for this purpose, or the pull hook is pressed against the protrusion of the slider. Therefore, the component is no longer needed. Therefore, there is no longer a need for a tension gripper cam with a potentially frangible hook as taught by the prior art. -10- 201239077 It is advantageous to provide traction sheaves' for each coke oven chamber having a coke oven chamber door to be opened. It is advantageous to provide an additional traction sheave on the opposite side of the coke oven chamber having the coke oven chamber door to be opened, which is towed by a single tension bar so that the two-phase coke oven chamber doors of the coke oven chamber can be operated independently or simultaneously. The tension bar has any type of drive unit. The tension bar or tension member moves horizontally along the front side of the coke oven chamber by the drive unit. The drive unit is preferably provided with a hydraulic cylinder at least at one end. This is driven by the hydraulic pump of the hydraulic unit. In still another preferred aspect, the tension bar is fitted with a gear motor unit at least at one end. The drive unit can be positioned at any position as long as the tension is reliably transmitted to the tension bar. If it is a gear motor unit, it is preferably positioned at the top of the coke oven chamber adjacent to the tension member. This enables a short force transmission path. 〇 The tension bar or tension member can be fitted with any hook or projection for the transmission of tension. The hook can be adjusted horizontally longitudinally, for example on the tension member, in the suspended position. The tension bar is usually mounted on the roller for improved maneuverability. The request mechanism for the jaw or slider can be of any design. This can be fitted with a simple lever for permanent or auxiliary manual starting. Preferably, however, this can be equipped with an automatic mechanism' whereby the jaw or slider is moved into the desired position of the tension. It also points out a non-expanding fixed furnace door control method for coke oven type "heat recovery", in which the coke oven chamber door of the coke oven or coke oven group with many in-line coke oven chambers must be periodically opened and closed. And -11 - 201239077 • provided with a connecting mechanism 'the traction pulley that can be moved along the front side of the coke oven chamber via the guiding device is held in the rest position without request, and is characterized in that: • the rigidity and non-expansion of the hook are provided The tension member is longitudinally moved along the front surface of the coke oven chamber at the request, and the connecting mechanism connects the traction pulley and the tension member via the hook at the request, so that the traction pulley having the tension member moves longitudinally along the front surface of the coke oven chamber. • the traction block opens the coke oven chamber door via a low tension transmission and closes the coke oven chamber door when the traction block returns. The tension member or the tension bar can have any type of drive for horizontal displacement, which is used As the force of opening and closing of the coke oven chamber door after being deflected in the vertical direction. The tension member can be moved, for example, by a hydraulic cylinder that is driven by a hydraulic pump of the hydraulic unit. The tension member can also be moved by a gear motor unit at the end of the tension bar, and it is transmitted by a pinion or a lantern gear, for example, to transmit tension and drag motion to the tension bar. The hydraulic component or gear motor can be of any design. They can be driven, for example, by internal combustion engines, electricity or steam. The drive unit can for example be located at the end of the tension bar, where they transmit the pulling and pulling motion to the tension bar. The transport device has a low expansion or preferably no expansion, which is represented by a length that varies by only a few millimeters during opening and closing. This can in particular be measured by an over-stroke measure of the hydraulic cylinder on the tension member, which is set to a maximum over-stroke system of 150 mm. Not only the different doors are lifted but the chain expansion is compensated by the over-stroke. The drive unit can be operated temporarily or permanently during the coking process and the number of coke oven chambers to be operated -12- 201239077. If it is temporarily operated, it can be requested or activated by, for example, a remote control mechanism. It can also be permanently operated and linked for use in displacement procedures. The connection mechanism can also be requested as needed. This can happen manually or remotely. Therefore, it is conceivable that the connection mechanism is requested by wireless remote control. It can also be imagined that the remote control is made via cable. In one aspect of the invention, the coupling mechanism can also be operated from a coke oven operating machine, for example, as a coke discharge machine. The procedures of the present invention are preferably used not only for "non-recycling" but also for "heat recovery" type coke ovens. However, all types of coke oven plants that are advantageous for the application of the coke oven chamber doors to be vertically opened and closed can be used for this purpose. The device according to the present invention and the method implemented have the coke oven chamber door of the coke oven or the coke oven group can be individually opened or closed without the space on the front side of the coke oven chamber, thereby not being used may cause the opening and closing procedure to be incorrect. The expansion cable is transmitted by the driving force. Due to the apparatus of the present invention, it is no longer necessary to provide a cable for use with a safety device as protection against cable breakage. This helps improve the efficiency of the entire process. [Embodiment] [Embodiment of the Invention] The flow of the program related to the present invention will be described in more detail based on five figures, but the related program of the present invention is not limited to such an aspect. Figure 1 shows a coke oven table having six coke oven chambers with means for raising and lowering the coke oven chamber doors of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a coke oven containing six coke oven chambers from above in a vertical view. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the connection type of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a front view showing the connection type of the present invention. -13- 201239077 Fig. 5 is a front view showing the slider type connection mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 shows a coke oven table (1) with six coke oven chambers (2 af) assembled with front coke oven chamber doors (3a-f) to lift the 'open doors (3a-f) vertically The coke oven chamber (2) is ready to be mounted and closed by vertical lowering. The coke oven chamber doors (3a-f) are connected by a chain (4) made of a low expansion section (4a) which in turn is connected to a traction block (5). The traction block (5) comprises: an actual trolley fastened by a rollable suspension (7) to a tension bar (6) located above it; and a connection mechanism (8) connected to the trolley (5). At the request, the connecting mechanism (8) is closed, so that the traction block (5) is mechanically and securely connected to the tension bar (6). The tension rod (6) is displaced in the horizontal direction (here to the right) such that the left coke oven chamber door (3a) is opened by lifting. This exposes the coke (9) to the coke oven chamber. A drive unit (10) for the tension bar (6) can also be seen, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder (10O. The connection mechanism (8) comprises a jaw (8a) which is engaged by a folding lever and is engaged with the tension rod ( 6) a protrusion (11) or a hook to carry or release it along the tension bar (6) during horizontal displacement. Figure 2 shows six coke oven chambers (2a-f) from above in a vertical view The coke oven table (1). The coke oven chamber (2a-f) is laterally carried by the rigid beam (12) to the front side of the coke oven chamber. The tension rod (6) can be seen, which can be displaced in the horizontal direction. The grounding takes place via a hydraulic cylinder (10 a) designed drive (10). With the horizontal displacement of the tension rod (6), the 'traction pulley (5) is connected to the tension rod (6) at the request, so that the traction pulley ( 5) Being driven. This is opened under the coke oven chamber door (3). -14- 201239077 Figure 3 shows the side view of the connection mechanism (8). Here, the connection mechanism (8) is designed as a piece (8 a) ), which is loaded into the bracket (13) by means of a joint (1 3 a ). Upon request, the jaw (8 a ) is folded upwards, whereby the jaw (8a) is passed through the rod (1) 4) Pull into the hook (11) of the tension rod (6). In the horizontal displacement of the tension rod (6), the element (8a) is carried. The element (8a) is connected to the traction. The pulley (5), so that when the tension rod (6) is horizontally displaced, the traction pulley (5) is also displaced. This is again connected to the coke oven chamber door (3) via the chain (4), so that the coke oven chamber door (3) is borrowed It is opened and closed by the horizontal displacement movement. It can be seen that the folding back piece (8b) is folded back by the rod (14a), which causes the pulling hook (11) to pass. The fourth figure shows the same connecting mechanism along the view of the tension rod (6). (8) Install a carrier measure (8a) on the traction block (5) mounted on the roller device (5a) by means of a rod (14) fastened to the measure. Here, it is also requested The lever (15a) is folded down and swung upward so that the hook (1 1 ) mounted on the tension rod (6) can be buckled into the rod (14) of the element (8a). As a result, the traction block (5) Being carried, the chain (4) is suspended from the coke oven door (3). When the pull rod (6) is pulled back, the element (8a) is released, so that the coke oven door ( 3) Returning to the open position of the coke oven chamber door due to its own weight. Fig. 5 shows the connection mechanism (8) designed as the slider (8c). It has a projection (8d) which is driven by a slider (8d) 8c) The lateral displacement 'presses the pull rod (11) of the tension rod (6). When the tension rod (6) moves (perpendicular to the paper surface), the traction pulley (5) is carried, and when the tension rod ( 6) When pulled back, the traction block (5) is released. This opens the -15-201239077 closed coke oven door (3). The slider is mounted on the carrier device (15) and operated by a lever (15a). [Simple description of the drawing] Fig. 1 shows a coke oven having six coke oven chambers, but the number of coke oven chambers is not limited. Fig. 2 shows a coke oven containing six coke oven chambers vertically from above, but the number of coke oven chambers is not limited. Figure 3 shows a side view of the connection mechanism. Figure 4 shows the connection mechanism in a view along the tension bar. Figure 5 shows the connection mechanism designed as a slider. [Main component symbol description] 1 : Coking oven or coke oven group 2a-f : Coking oven chamber 3a-f = Coking furnace chamber door 4: Chain 4a: Chain segment 5: Traction pulley 5a: Roller device 5b: Guide device 6 : Pull rod 7 : Suspension 8 : Connection mechanism - 16 - 201239077 8 a : Part 8b : Fold back element 8 c : Slide 8d : Protrusion on the slide 9 : Coke 1 0 : Drive unit l〇a : Hydraulic cylinder 1 1 : bracket or hook 1 2 : rigid beam 13 3 : bracket 13a : bracket hinge 14 : rod 14a : folding rod 15 : carrier device 15a for the jaw or slider: lever on the carrier