MX2008006399A

MX2008006399A - Centrally controlled coke oven aeration system for primary and secondary air

Info

Publication number: MX2008006399A
Application number: MXMX/A/2008/006399A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Ronald Kim; Franzjosef Schucker
Original assignee: Ronald Kim; Schuecker Franzjosef; Uhde Gmbh
Priority date: 2005-11-18
Filing date: 2008-05-16
Publication date: 2008-09-02

Abstract

The invention relates to an aeration device for non-recovery coke ovens, wherein the aeration device consists of at least one opening which passes through the wall or through internals such as, for example the oven door, and connects the oven interior to the outer atmosphere surrounding the oven and can be wholly or partly closed by means of a closure element. In this case two or more of these closure elements are coupled by means of at least one mechanical connecting element, by the connecting element being fastened directly or via a lever to the closure elements, and each connecting element being connected to at least one central actuating element in such a manner that the closure elements can be moved, wherein the respective openings can be closed, completely opened, or can be set in any desired intermediate position. Ideally, this connecting element is a chain or a screw spindle.

Description

VENTILATION SYSTEM IN COKE OVENS, CONTROLLED CENTRALLY, FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AIR DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY This invention relates to a device and a method for supplying combustion air for the combustion of coking gas in the coke-making chambers of coke ovens, manufactured in flat type construction and arranged in a coke oven battery. for the so-called procedure without recovery or heat recovery. This device comprises at least one ventilation hole for each coke making chamber, said ventilation hole extending through the corresponding coke oven door or its surrounding wall, as well as ventilation holes for supplying secondary air to the coke oven. the heating ducts. A freely supported blocking element is provided for each ventilation hole. All locking elements are mechanically connected to at least one adjustment element and are operated from a central point. The adjustment element continuously drives the blocking elements, depending on the combustion air demand in the coke-making chamber. The mechanical connection of each individual locking element can be effected separately with the central adjustment element, wherein the position of starting of said individual blocking element at the beginning of the coke-making process of the corresponding coke-making chamber, independently of the other blocking elements of the adjacent coke-producing chambers. The heating of the heat recovery furnaces is usually done by the combustion of gas that is released as a result of the production of coke. The combustion is controlled in such a way that part of the gas above the coal load is burned with the primary air in the furnace chamber. This partially burned gas is fed through the channels that are also referred to as "descending conduits" to the heating ducts in the furnace chamber hearth and burned there completely by the addition of more combustion air, which is it calls secondary air. In this way, heat is supplied directly from the top and indirectly from the bottom to the coal load, thus acquiring a positive impact on the coking regime and, therefore, on the performance regime of the coke oven. coke. To execute the method it is required to regulate accurately and to control the primary and secondary air supplied variable throughout the carbonization time that can reach up to 20 and up to 96 hours. Heat recovery and non-recovery coke ovens are described in the flat type construction extensively in disclosures of the prior art. For example, it is done reference to US 4,344,820, US 4,287,024, US 5,114,542, GB 1 555 400 or CA 2 052 177 C. According to the state of the art technology, the primary air is sucked out of the atmosphere through the holes in the doors. The secondary air is sucked through holes near the floor and conducted through channels to the heating ducts, which extend mainly horizontally below the coke oven chamber. The holes for the primary and secondary air are permanently open or provided with doors designed to adjust the amount of air to be sucked. Since the batteries of coke ovens are very extensive and since a very high temperature prevails in them and because there is a serious dust formation, only manually adjustable ventilation flaps are exposed in the prior art technology. The patent of E.U.A. No. 5,928,436 discloses such a battery of coke ovens, where three manually operable holes are provided in each coke oven door, in which or in front of which a disc or plate is disposed, each being adapted to the orifice cross-section and supported on a central axis. You can vary these orifice poles in their position manually by means of levers. In practice, however, it becomes evident that the required variation in the amount of primary and secondary air throughout the carbonization time is carried out with a manual adjustment only in very isolated and the ideal time-dependent adjustment is not achieved by much. In addition, manual operation involves a serious burden on operators' health. Now, therefore, it is the object of this invention to economically remedy the deficiencies described and to ensure an optimized supply of primary air and / or secondary air. Operational safety must be ensured even with usually high temperatures and heavy impurities. This invention solves this task by providing a device for supplying combustion air for the combustion of the coking gas in the coke-making chambers of coke ovens manufactured in a flat-type construction and arranged as a battery of coke ovens, wherein the ventilation device comprises at least one ventilation hole for each coke-making chamber, each ventilation hole extending through the corresponding coke-oven door or through its surrounding wall, and where a blocking element freely supported for each ventilation hole is provided, wherein - all the blocking elements of these ventilation holes are mechanically connected to at least one controlled and operated adjustment element from a central point, - the blocking elements are to be actuated by means of said adjustment element, depending on the combustion air demand in the coke-making chamber, - the mechanical connection of each individual blocking element with the element can be carried out separately. of central adjustment, wherein the starting position of each individual blocking element can be adjusted especially at the beginning of the coke-making process of the corresponding coke-making chamber separately and independently of the other blocking elements of the adjacent chambers of elaboration of coke. It will be understood that the connection between the locking element and the adjusting element, as used herein, means that both elements can be connected to each other in a detachable manner by means of a coupling element, for example a lever, a rigging of strings, a chain, with lever arm etc., as well as combinations of these elements. Certain advantageous embodiments provide the configuration of the adjustment element as a rotating chain or a steel cable. The use of a spindle as an adjustment element is another suitable modality. All these adjustment elements allow a permanent drive in a direction of movement which is very advantageous for the continuous joint process. In addition, the device that modalizes this invention can be configured in such a way that the locking plates are installed as blocking elements, said blocking plates being supported in such a way that, when driven by the coupling element, they move mainly parallel to the oven door. For a directed flow of the primary gas, it is advantageous if the vent hole is of rotational symmetry. Therefore, it is advantageous to use blocking elements configured as vertical upright locking plates and supported in a rotatable arrangement in a vertical or horizontal direction about a central axis. With an additional improved embodiment of said ventilation device, the blocking elements are formed by at least one overlapping and reciprocally sliding facets, both facets ideally exposing a polygonal cross section and of point or near circular symmetry, when partially open. Accordingly, there is no deviation of the air sucked into the vent hole and, because of the higher flow velocity, the aspirated air is directed more intensively into the space of the furnace. An improvement also advanced lies in the configuration of the blocking elements in a conical shape, with the tip pointing towards the interior of the oven, when it is part of it. Even this mode can be further optimized in such a way that the vent hole has an opening angle equal to or wider than the corresponding conical locking elements. In this embodiment of the blocking element for the device that modalizes this invention, swirled air is swirled minimally in the area of blocking element, as well as in the area of the ventilation hole, and is shaped for a gas jet regardless of the size of the exposed cross section. With a different size of the conical angles of the ventilation hole and the blocking element, it can be ensured that the impurities that accumulate in the ventilation hole do not prevent a complete closure of the ventilation hole. The conical locking element is moved by a lever structure and / or a spindle in the longitudinal direction of the vent, so as to expose a circular ring gap, when partially open. The ventilation device can be further improved by connecting the blocking element to the adjustment element, so that it is automatically released from the adjustment element when it is in the extreme position and when the ventilation hole has been completely closed. This invention also comprises a device for supplying combustion air in a coke oven, wherein the ventilation device that modalizes this invention, as described above, is carried out by one of the modal variants, the sequence of the method being as set forth below: a) After unloading and recharging a coke-making chamber, said blocking elements are moved to the starting position representing the complete or almost complete opening of said orifice. ventilation and where said blocking elements are connected to the central adjustment elements. b) During the carbonisation time, the blocking elements are driven by the central adjustment element continuously and mainly at the same average operating speed or frequency, so that the ventilation openings are closed continuously. c) At the latest at the end of the carbonization time of the coke-making chamber, the blocking elements will have completely closed the ventilation holes of this coke-making chamber and can be released from the adjustment element. d) After downloading and reloading, the method was restarted by performing step (a). An improved variant of this method is that the blocking element which is in the extreme position is automatically released from the adjustment element. In another improved embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least two central adjustment elements are provided, wherein an adjustment element thereof actuates the blocking elements for the primary air and where the other central adjustment element actuates the blocking elements for the secondary air. During the entire carbonization time, the two adjustment elements are controllable completely independently of one another.

It is advantageous to drive a central adjustment element continuously and mainly at the same drive speed or frequency. This invention also encompasses the use of the ventilation device that modalizes this invention in one of the modal variants outlined above with a method for supplying combustion air in the coke-making chambers of coke ovens manufactured in flat-type construction. arranged like a battery of coke ovens. This invention is described by means of three exemplary embodiment variants illustrated in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the invention not being restricted to these examples of modalities. Figure 1 shows a coke oven 1 in front view. In its front area, the coke oven 1 has a coke oven door 2, in which two ventilation holes 3 for the primary air are arranged. Located below said coke oven door 2 and illustrated with dotted lines are heating ducts 4 extending below the furnace space. The ventilation openings 5 for supplying the secondary air to these heating ducts 4 are arranged near the lower part below said heating ducts 4. Furthermore, Figure 1 shows the blocking elements 6 for said ventilation openings 3 of the supply of primary air and the blocking elements 7 for the ventilation holes 5 of the secondary air supply. Each blocking element consists mainly of a plate of lock 9 and a lever arm 10 and is supported on an axis 8, around which said blocking element can move in rotary motion. The lever arms 10 of said locking elements 6 are releasably connected to a rotating chain 11 and the locking elements 7 are releasably connected to a rotating chain 12. By a continuous movement of the chain 1 1, the elements 6 are moved in the counterclockwise direction around the angle a, while the blocking elements 7 move in a clockwise direction around the angle β. The chains are driven by the central adjustment elements 13 and 14, respectively. Figure 2 shows the front view of two coke ovens 1 representing a main battery of coke ovens, indicated by the two arrows I and II. These two coke ovens 1 are in different stages of coal carbonization. The coke oven 1 shown on the right side is in the initial stage of carbonization of coal and therefore the blocking elements 6 barely overlap the ventilation holes 3. In this example of the embodiment, the lever arm 10 is connected by an accessory chain 15 to the rotary chain 11. The arrangement in the area of the ventilation holes 5 for the secondary air is analogous. Here, the locking elements 7 and, respectively, their lever arms 10 are connected through the accessory chains 16 to the rotary chain 12.

The supply of air to the coke oven 1 on the left side has already been completely closed and the lever arm 10 and the chain 15, respectively, have been released from the rotary chain 11. The blocking elements 7 for air control secondary of the coke oven 1 shown on the left side are in a stage shortly before closing, but are not yet completely closed. Accordingly, it is conceivable that each coke oven 1 can be controlled in an absolutely individual manner despite common central control. A special embodiment variant of the blocking elements 6 and 7 is illustrated in figure 3. Shown in this sectional drawing is a blocking element 6 of rotational symmetry having a locking head 17 in the form of a truncated cone, to which it is attached to a 18 cylindrical guide rod. The guide rod is firmly connected to a spring bridge 19 fastened to said coke oven door 2. The guide rod 18 is guided in a guide tube 20 and is connected to its rear end by a small chain 15 to the rotary chain 1 1. At the beginning of the carbonization time, the springs of the spring bridge 19 are pre-tensioned by expansion, so that the ventilation hole 3 is considerably open. By means of the movement of the rotating chain 11, the spring bridge 19 is relaxed, the blocking element 6 is moved in the direction of the coke oven door 2 and the blocking head 17 is inserted into the conical ventilation hole 3. Pre-tensioning will be selected in such a way that, after loosening of the chain 15 and the spring bridge 19, a complete closure of the ventilation hole 3 is achieved.

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - A ventilation device for supplying primary and secondary air for the combustion of the coking gas in the coke-making chambers of the coke ovens manufactured in flat type construction and arranged as coke oven batteries, wherein said coke oven Ventilation comprises at least one vent hole for each coke making chamber for the primary air, said vent hole extending through the corresponding coke oven door or through its surrounding wall, said ventilation device further comprising at least one vent hole for each coke-making chamber for the secondary air and wherein locking elements freely supported are provided at least for part of said ventilation holes, characterized in that at least part of the elements blocking of said ventilation holes are connected mechanical Only a control element controlled and operated from a central point, said blocking elements can be driven by means of said adjustment element, depending on the combustion air demand in the coke-making chamber, it can be carried out individually mechanical connection of each individual locking element with the central adjustment element, where the starting position of each individual blocking element at the beginning of the coke-making process of the corresponding separate coke-making chamber and independently of the other blocking elements of the adjacent coke-producing chambers.

2. The device according to claim 1, further characterized in that at least part of the blocking elements for the primary air is mechanically connected to an adjustment element and wherein at least part of the blocking elements for the Secondary air is connected to another adjustment element.

3. The device according to any of the preceding claims 1 or 2, further characterized in that the adjustment element is a rotating chain.

4. The device according to any of claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the adjustment element is a spindle.

5. The device according to any of claims 1 to 4, further characterized in that the blocking elements are locking plates that are supported, so that they move mainly parallel to the oven door, when they are driven by the connection element.

6. The device according to any of claims 1 to 5, further characterized in that the elements of Blocks are vertical upright locking plates supported in a rotatable arrangement in a vertical or horizontal direction around a central axis.

7. The device according to any of claims 1 to 5, further characterized in that the blocking elements are formed by at least two overlapping and reciprocally slideable facets, where both facets ideally expose a polygonal cross section and point symmetry or almost circular, when they are partially open.

8. The device according to any of claims 1 to 5, further characterized in that the locking elements are conical, with the tip pointing to the interior of the oven, when part of it.

9. The device according to claim 8, further characterized in that the ventilation hole has an opening angle equal to or wider than the corresponding conical locking elements. The device according to any of claims 8 or 9, further characterized in that the conical locking element can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation hole, thus exposing a circular ring gap, when partially open. 11. The device according to any of claims 1 or 10, further characterized in that the blocking element is connected to the adjustment element in such a way that, when in the extreme position and when the ventilation hole has been completely closed, it is automatically released from the adjustment element. 12. A method for supplying combustion air for the combustion of the coking gas in the coke-producing chambers of the coke ovens manufactured in a flat type construction and arranged as a coke oven battery, characterized in that it is brought to the practicing at least one device as claimed in claims 1 to 11, wherein a) after unloading and refilling a coke-making chamber, said blocking elements are moved to the starting position representing full opening or almost complete of said vent hole and wherein said blocking elements are connected to the central adjustment element, and where subsequently b) during the carbonization time, the blocking elements are actuated by the element (s) of central adjustment (s), in such a way that the ventilation holes are closed more and more, and where subsequently c) the blocking elements of a chamber of the The coke process has reached its extreme position no later than at the end of the carbonization time of the corresponding coke-making chamber and is released from said adjustment element, and where d) the method was restarted in accordance with step (to). 13. The method according to claim 12, further characterized in that after the complete closure of the orifice The release of said blocking elements with respect to the adjustment element is automatically effected. 14. The method according to any of the preceding claims 12 or 13, further characterized in that during the entire carbonization time the central adjustment element is driven continuously and mainly at the same average drive speed or frequency. 15. The method according to any of the preceding claims 12 to 14, further characterized in that at least one central adjustment element is provided for the primary air blocking elements and at least one central adjustment element for the elements of blocking the secondary air. 16. The method according to claim 15, further characterized in that the central adjustment element for the primary air and the central adjustment element for the secondary air are operated continuously and mainly at the same time throughout the carbonization time. average drive speed or frequency. 17. The use of a device as claimed in claims 1 to 11, for a method of supplying combustion air in the coke-producing chambers of coke ovens manufactured in flat type construction and arranged as coke oven battery.