201219635 六、發明說明： 相關申請案 本申請案係主張20 10年7月29日所申請 願20 1 0- 1 70076號的優先權，並藉由引用該 說明書來構成本申請案之揭示內容的一部分 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於尤其對於夏季的陽台、露 光長時間照射之狀態下潑水時所帶來之磁磚 低’可相對地保持較長時間之陶器質磁碍。 【先前技術】 以往，可藉由將水潑往採用多孔質陶瓷 到冷卻效果者，乃爲人所知。製得此般多孔 ，爲人所知者有加入發泡材料（氣孔賦予材 例如專利文獻1 (日本特開2005 -3 48 63 1號） 本身使用發泡性材料之方法（例如專利文虞 2003 - 1 84 1 99號））。亦即，將某些可對應 加入於陶瓷原料而製得多孔質陶瓷。 專利文獻1 (日本特開2005-348631號） 紙製品的切斷時所產生之紙屑且粒徑約爲0 ，或是如鋸屑般之木屑、火力發電廠的廢棄 灰）等，作爲發泡材料（氣孔賦予材料）， 而得到氣泡。 之曰本特許出 曰本申請案的 台等，在太陽 表面的溫度降 之壁體等而得 質陶瓷之方法 料）之方法（ )，或是陶瓷 R 2 (日本特開 於氣孔之成分 中，例如使用 ,5~2mm之細屑 物之煤屑（飛 使該部分發泡 -5- 201219635 專利文獻2 (日本特開2 0 0 3 - 1 8 4 1 9 9號）中，係應用以 蛭石（Vermiculite )爲主體之發泡陶瓷燒結體，作爲該本 身所使用之發泡性材料。 先前技術文獻 專利文獻 專利文獻1 :日本特開2 0 0 5 - 3 4 8 6 3 1號 專利文獻2 :日本特開2003-184199號 【發明內容】 本發明者們，此次係發現到：當以在板厚方向上具有 貫通孔，貫通孔的形狀爲細長形狀，並且與在前述磁磚表 面上觀察到之前述貫通孔所形成之氣孔的剖面積相比，在 磁磚內部的中央之前述貫通孔所形成之氣孔的剖面積較大 之構成，作爲藉由燒結所得之陶器質磁磚的構成時，尤其 對於夏季的陽台、露台等，在太陽光長時間照射之狀態下 潑水時所帶來之磁磚表面的溫度降低，可相對地保持較長 時間。 亦即，本發明之目的在於提供一種尤其對於夏季的陽 台、露台等，在太陽光長時間照射之狀態下潑水時所帶來 之磁磚表面的溫度降低，可相對地保持較長時間之陶器質 磁磚。 本發明之陶器質磁磚’作爲藉由燒結所得之陶器質磁 磚的構成，是一種在板厚方向上具有貫通孔，貫通孔的形 狀爲細長形狀，與在前述磁磚表面上觀察到之前述貫通孔 201219635 所形成之氣孔的剖面積相比，在磁碍內部的中央之前述貫 通孔所形成之氣孔的剖面積較大之陶器質磁磚。 此外，根據本發明之其他型態，係提供一種前述本發 明之陶器質磁磚於陽台地板或露台地板中之使用，其係在 太陽長時間照射之狀態下，可使潑水後溫度降低的狀態持 續1小時以上。 此外，根據本發明之其他型態，係提供一種降低太陽 光照射場所的表面溫度之方法，該方法係包含：將前述本 發明之陶器質磁磚，放置在太陽光照射且該表面溫度上升 至50°C以上之場所，並對該陶器質磁碍潑水以降低該表面 溫度而成。 發明之效果： 根據本發明，可提供一種尤其對於夏季的陽台、露台 等，在太陽光長時間照射之狀態下潑水時所帶來之磁磚表 面的溫度降低，可相對地保持較長時間之陶器質磁磚》 【實施方式】 陶器質磁磚 本發明之陶器質磁磚，潑水時所帶來之磁磚表面的溫 度降低可相對地保持較長時間。本發明之磁磚可得到上述 預料外的效果之原因仍未明瞭，但可考量如下。然而，以 下的說明僅爲假設，本發明並不限定於此等說明。 以往的發泡磁磚中，當發泡氣體成分藉由燒結往外部 201219635 逸出時’由於氣體化在特定的升溫溫度區域中產生，所以 因應發泡材料大小之氣孔會朝向表面形成。此時由於構成 逸散路徑之材質成分被壓縮，故反而容易使逸散路徑以外 的部分被燒結。在此般磁碍中，係於表面產生來自發泡材 料之獨立的較大氣孔、以及對應於進行燒結的部分且水分 不易進入之極小氣孔或閉氣孔之緊緻部分。此般構成下， 有益於潑水後的氣化之氣孔，僅有獨立的較大氣孔，氣孔 率的較大比率均無法確保高氣化潛熱。此外，由於氣孔的 內部構造與外部構造之構造差幾乎不存在，所以潑水效果 相對較快消失。相對於此，本發明之陶器質磁磚中，由於 具有貫通孔，燒結體內部的氣孔較大（亦即細孔表面積小 )，並且燒結體表面的細孔形成爲較窄的細長形狀而構成 ’故可增加有益於潑水之氣孔的比率，並且可維持內部保 水相對較長時間之狀態。其結果爲，潑水時所帶來之磁磚 表面的溫度降低，可相對地保持較長時間。 根據本發明之較佳形態，前述貫通孔之細長形狀的氣 孔的寬度係構成爲ΙΟμηι以上40μιη以下。氣孔的寬度設爲 ΙΟμηι以上時，可確保充分的氣化量，設爲40μπι以下時， 可藉由毛細力，於內部保水一定時間。 根據本發明之較佳形態，前述磁磚之依據壓汞測孔法 所測得的細孔表面積爲〇.lm2/g以上0.5m2/g以下。藉由將 細孔表面積設爲此範圍內，可增加有益於潑水效果的保持 之氣孔的比率。具體而言，設爲0.1 m2/g以上時，可有效地 防止潑水往磁磚板厚方向的下方迅速地透水之現象’設爲 -8- 201219635 0.5 m2/g以下時’可將貫通孔之燒結體內部的氣孔徑形成爲 充分大之狀態。 根據本發明之較佳形態，就確保充分保水量之觀點來 看’前述磁磚之依據煮沸法所測得的吸水率爲5%以上1 5% 以下。 根據本發明之較佳形態，將使2 5 0W的紅外線燈照射 於前述磁磚60分鐘時之保水率（重量）除以照射前後的重 量變化之値爲0.3 5以上0.5以下。藉由將上述値設爲0.3 5以 上，當應用在夏季時表面溫度上升至50 °C以上之陽台地板 或露台地板時，本發明之磁磚，藉由潑水來降低該表面溫 度之狀態可相對地維持較長時間。此外，藉由將上述値設 爲0.5以下，當應用在夏季時表面溫度上升至50 °C以上之 陽台地板或露台地板時，本發明之磁磚，可藉由潑水而更 有效地降低該表面溫度。 根據本發明之較佳形態，使250W的紅外線燈照射於 表面溫度27 °C的前述磁磚時之到達50°C的時間爲50分鐘以 上。藉此，當應用在夏季時表面溫度上升至50°C以上之陽 台地板或露台地板時，本發明之磁磚，可藉由潑水而更有 效地降低表面溫度，並且溫度降低之狀態可相對地維持較 長時間。 根據本發明之較佳形態，使250W的紅外線燈照射於 前述磁磚60分鐘時之照射後相對於照射前的水保持率爲 0.26以上。在此，所謂照射後的水保持率，是指以照射前 的保水率（重量）除上照射後的保水率（重量）之値。藉 -9 - 201219635 由將上述値設爲0.26以上，當應用在夏季時表面溫度上升 至50 °C以上之陽台地板或露台地板時，本發明之磁磚，藉 由潑水來降低該表面溫度之狀態可相對地維持較長時間。 此外，藉由將上述値設爲0.40以下，當應用在夏季時表面 溫度上升至50°C以上之陽台地板或露台地板時，本發明之 磁磚，可藉由潑水而更有效地降低該表面溫度。 根據本發明之較佳形態，使2 50W的紅外線燈照射於 前述磁磚60分鐘後之蒸發潛熱相對於照射前的蒸發潛熱之 比爲0.25以上0.40以下。在此，蒸發潛熱是從保水重量與 磁磚表面溫度所計算出。l〇〇°C之水的蒸發熱爲53 9g/cal。 藉由將上述値設爲0.25以上，當應用在夏季時表面溫度上 升至5 (TC以上之陽台地板或露台地板時，本發明之磁碍， 藉由潑水來降低該表面溫度之狀態可相對地維持較長時間 。此外，藉由將上述値設爲0.40以下，當應用在夏季時表 面溫度上升至50°C以上之陽台地板或露台地板時，本發明 之磁磚，可藉由潑水而更有效地降低該表面溫度》 根據本發明之較佳形態，依據壓汞測孔法所測得之從 氣孔較小者算起爲10%的孔徑爲2·2μπι以下0·2μιη以上。在 此所謂從氣孔較小者算起爲1 〇%的孔徑，係意味著在全部 氣孔當中，從孔徑較小者依序算起時，氣孔全體當中以體 積計存在於〗〇%的位置之氣孔的孔徑。藉由將依據壓汞測 孔法所測得之從氣孔較小者算起爲10%的孔徑設爲2.2 μπι以 下，可成爲達到保水與氣化之均衡的多孔構造，可藉由潑 水而更有效地降低應用在陽台地板或露台地板之磁磚的表 -10- 201219635 面溫度’並且藉由潑水來降低該表面溫度之狀態可相對地 維持較長時間。此外，藉由將依據壓汞測孔法所測得之從 氣孔較小者算起爲10%的孔徑設爲0.2 μπι以上，尤佳爲 〇·3μπι以上’最佳爲〇·5μιη以上，可將無益於上述兩者的效 果之細微氣孔量抑制在最低限定。 上述本發明之磁碍，尤其適用於應用在陽台或露台。 尤其當應用作爲該地板磁磚時，更可充分地獲致本發明之 效果。 磁磚的製法 本發明之磁磚的製法，例如可在均一地混合有燒結化 度不同之複數種材質（陶器質材質與磁器質材質）之材質 中，因應必要調配燒粉而使材質成形，並且實質上不調配 含有因燒結而損失並產生氣孔之成分、或是因燒結而發泡 並產生氣孔之成分，例如煤渣灰或飛灰等之氣孔賦予劑， 並進行燒結而得。此外，可調整上述各原料的比率或選擇 燒結條件，而達成上述本發明之磁磚可較佳地具有之物性 ，例如細孔表面積爲〇.lm2/g以上0.5m2/g以下、燒結溫度 吸水率爲5%以上1 5%以下、依據壓汞測孔法所測得之氣孔 的中位徑爲2~ 1 Ομηι、並且依據壓汞測孔法所測得之從氣孔 較小者算起爲10%的孔徑爲Ιμηι以上、前述磁磚之依據壓 汞測孔法所測得之細孔表面積S ( m2/g )與前述磁磚之依 據壓汞測孔法所測得之細孔體積（cc/g )之比S/V之値爲 10以下。 -11 - 201219635 實施例 實施例1 . 將由陶器質坯土 45質量份、磁器質坯土 45質量份、燒 粉10質量份所構成之原料材質進行模壓成型而製作出磁磚 生成形體後，在滾軸式隧道窯中，於1200〜1300。(：下進行 燒結而得試樣。 比較例1 , 將由陶器質坯土 35質量份、磁器質坯土 40質量份、燒 粉1〇質量份、煤渣灰15質量份所構成之原料材質進行模壓 成型而製作出磁磚生成形體後，在滾軸式隧道窯中，於 1 200〜1 300°C下進行燒結而得試樣。 對所得之試樣，藉由孔隙計（壓汞測孔法）來求取細 孔表面積S ( m2/g )、氣孔的中位徑D50 ( μηι )、從氣孔 較小者算起爲1 0%的孔徑D1 0 ( μηι )、細孔體積V ( cc/g ) 、細孔表面積S ( m2/g )與前述磁磚之依據壓汞測孔法所 測得之細孔體積V ( c c / g )之比S / V ( m 2 / c c )。該結果如 第1表所示。 -12- 201219635 〔第1表〕 實施例1 比較例1 細孔表面積S(m2/g) 0.33 1.19 氣孔的中位徑〇50(μηι) 2.20 2.24 從氣孔較小者算起爲10%的孔徑D10(μιη) 0.55 0.19 細孔體積V(cc/g) 0.087 0.097 S/V(m2/cc) 3.80 12.3 接著以電子顯微鏡來觀察實施例1及比較例1之試樣的 剖面。該電子顯微鏡照片如第1圖及第2圖所示。第1圖中 ，在表面及內部觀察到許多細長氣孔，且內部存在有多數 個較大氣孔。相對於此，第2圖中，亦觀察到獨立的較大 圓汽孔。 再者，以電子顯微鏡來觀察實施例1之試樣的表面。 該電子顯微鏡照片如第3圖所示。從第1圖與第3圖的比較 中，可得知在實施例1中，與板部表面相比，中央部之剖 面觀察的氣孔面積增加。 此外，對於實施例1，係將漏斗黏著於試樣表面，乾 燥後注入8 0ml的紅色油墨來進行滲透試驗，2天後觀察到 紅色油墨從試樣內面的滴入，可得知其具有貫通孔。此外 ，對於比較例1進行同樣試驗，2天後並未確認到紅色油墨 從試樣內面的滴入。 此外，將實施例1及比較例1之1 00見方的磁磚放入於 8 〇°C的乾燥器，30分鐘後浸漬於水。此時磁碍表面的溫度 分別爲2 7 °C。201219635 VI. INSTRUCTIONS: RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the priority of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the benefit of the present disclosure. Part of the technical field to which the invention pertains. The present invention relates to a ceramic material which is relatively low in the state of the balcony when the water is splashed in a state in which the light is exposed for a long time in the summer, and which can be relatively maintained for a long time. [Prior Art] In the past, it has been known that water is poured into a porous ceramic to a cooling effect. It is made to be porous, and it is known that a foaming material is added (for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-A No. 2005-63-61), which uses a foaming material itself (for example, Patent Document 2003). - 1 84 1 99))). That is, some ceramics can be correspondingly added to the ceramic raw material to obtain a porous ceramic. Patent Document 1 (JP-A-2005-348631) Paper scraps generated during cutting of paper products and having a particle size of about 0, or sawdust-like wood chips, waste ash from a thermal power plant, etc., as a foaming material (The pores are imparted to the material), and bubbles are obtained. The method of obtaining the ceramic material in the wall of the surface of the sun, etc., or the ceramic R 2 (Japanese special opening in the composition of the pores) For example, the use of 5~2mm fines of coal dust (flying the part of the foaming -5 - 201219635 Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 3 - 1 8 4 1 9 9) A foamed ceramic sintered body mainly composed of vermiculite is used as the foaming material used in the prior art. PRIOR ART DOCUMENT Patent Document Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 5 - 3 4 8 6 3 No. 1 Patent Document 2: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2003-184199. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have discovered that when the through hole is formed in the thickness direction, the through hole has an elongated shape and is in the aforementioned tile. A cross-sectional area of the pore formed by the through hole observed on the surface is larger than a cross-sectional area of the pore formed in the center of the inside of the tile as a ceramic tile obtained by sintering. Composition, especially for summer terraces, dew The lowering of the temperature of the surface of the tile caused by the water splashing in the state of long-term exposure to sunlight can be relatively maintained for a long time. That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a balcony, a terrace, etc., especially for summer. The temperature of the surface of the tile which is brought about by the water splashing in the state of long-time exposure to the sunlight is lowered, and the ceramic tile can be relatively maintained for a long time. The ceramic tile of the present invention is obtained by sintering. The ceramic tile has a through hole in the thickness direction, and the through hole has an elongated shape, compared with the sectional area of the air hole formed by the through hole 201219635 observed on the surface of the tile. A ceramic tile having a large cross-sectional area of the air hole formed by the through hole in the center of the inner portion of the inner portion. Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, the ceramic tile of the foregoing invention is provided on a balcony floor or The use in the terrace floor is in a state where the sun is irradiated for a long time, and the temperature after the water splashing is lowered for more than one hour. The other type of the method provides a method for reducing the surface temperature of a place where the sunlight is irradiated, and the method comprises: placing the ceramic tile of the present invention in the sunlight and the surface temperature is raised to 50 ° C or higher. The present invention is characterized in that the surface of the ceramic material is splashed with water to reduce the surface temperature. Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a balcony, a terrace, etc., especially in the summer, when the water is splashed for a long time. The temperature of the surface of the tile is lowered, and the ceramic tile can be relatively maintained for a long time. [Embodiment] Pottery tile The pottery tile of the present invention, the temperature of the surface of the tile brought by splashing water The reduction can be relatively long. The reason why the above-mentioned unexpected effect can be obtained by the tile of the present invention is still unclear, but it can be considered as follows. However, the following description is merely an assumption, and the present invention is not limited to the description. In the conventional foamed tile, when the foaming gas component is escaping to the outside through 201219635, the gas is generated in a specific temperature rising temperature region, so that the pores corresponding to the size of the foaming material are formed toward the surface. At this time, since the material component constituting the escape path is compressed, it is easy to cause the portion other than the escape path to be sintered. In such a magnetic field, a large pore from the foamed material is produced on the surface, and a compact portion corresponding to a very small pore or a closed pore which is not easily penetrated by the portion to be sintered. Under such a configuration, it is beneficial to the gasification pores after the water is poured, and only the large pores are independent, and a large ratio of the porosity cannot ensure the high heat of vaporization. In addition, since the internal structure of the pores and the structure of the external structure are almost non-existent, the water splashing effect disappears relatively quickly. On the other hand, in the ceramic tile of the present invention, since the through hole is provided, the pores inside the sintered body are large (that is, the surface area of the pore is small), and the pores on the surface of the sintered body are formed into a narrow elongated shape. 'Therefore, the ratio of pores that are good for water splashing can be increased, and the state of internal water retention can be maintained for a relatively long period of time. As a result, the temperature of the surface of the tile which is brought about by the splashing of water is lowered, and can be relatively maintained for a long time. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the elongated pores of the through-holes is ΙΟμηι or more and 40 μm or less. When the width of the pores is ΙΟμηι or more, a sufficient amount of vaporization can be ensured, and when it is 40 μm or less, it can be retained by the capillary force for a certain period of time. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface area of the pores measured by the mercury intrusion porosimetry method is 〇.lm2/g or more and 0.5 m2/g or less. By setting the pore surface area within this range, the ratio of the retained pores which are advantageous for the water repellency effect can be increased. Specifically, when it is 0.1 m2/g or more, it is possible to effectively prevent the phenomenon that water is quickly permeable to water below the thickness direction of the tile. When the value is -8-201219635 0.5 m2/g or less, the through hole can be The pore diameter inside the sintered body is formed to be sufficiently large. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water absorption measured by the boiling method of the tile described above is 5% or more and 15% or less from the viewpoint of ensuring a sufficient water retention amount. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water retention ratio (weight) at which the infrared lamp of 250 W is irradiated to the tile for 60 minutes is divided by the change in weight before and after the irradiation, and is 0.35 or more and 0.5 or less. By setting the above enthalpy to 0.35 or more, when applying a balcony floor or a terrace floor whose surface temperature rises to 50 ° C or more in summer, the state of the surface temperature of the tile of the present invention by splashing water can be relatively The ground is maintained for a long time. In addition, by setting the above-mentioned crucible to 0.5 or less, when applying a balcony floor or a terrace floor whose surface temperature rises to 50 ° C or more in summer, the tile of the present invention can more effectively reduce the surface by splashing water. temperature. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the 250 W infrared lamp is irradiated onto the tile having a surface temperature of 27 ° C, the time to reach 50 ° C is 50 minutes or more. Thereby, when the balcony floor or the terrace floor whose surface temperature rises above 50 ° C in summer is applied, the tile of the present invention can reduce the surface temperature more effectively by splashing water, and the state of the temperature decrease can be relatively Maintain a long time. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water holding ratio of the 250 W infrared lamp after irradiation to the tile for 60 minutes is 0.26 or more with respect to the water before irradiation. Here, the water retention rate after the irradiation means that the water retention rate (weight) before the irradiation is divided by the water retention rate (weight) after the irradiation. By -9 - 201219635 By setting the above 値 to 0.26 or more, when applying a balcony floor or a terrace floor whose surface temperature rises to 50 ° C or more in summer, the tile of the present invention lowers the surface temperature by splashing water The state can be maintained relatively long. Further, by setting the above-mentioned crucible to 0.40 or less, when the surface temperature of the surface of the present invention rises to 50 ° C or more in the summer, the tile of the present invention can be more effectively reduced by splashing water. temperature. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the latent heat of vaporization after the infrared lamp of 2 50 W is irradiated to the tile for 60 minutes with respect to the latent heat of vaporization before the irradiation is 0.25 or more and 0.40 or less. Here, the latent heat of vaporization is calculated from the water retention weight and the surface temperature of the tile. The heat of evaporation of l〇〇°C water is 53 9g/cal. By setting the above 値 to 0.25 or more, when the surface temperature is raised to 5 (TC or more on the balcony floor or the terrace floor in summer), the magnetic field of the present invention can be relatively lowered by splashing water to lower the surface temperature. In addition, by setting the above-mentioned crucible to 0.40 or less, when the surface temperature of the surface is raised to 50 ° C or more in the summer, the tile of the present invention can be more water-sprayed. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pore diameter of 10% from the smaller pore size measured by the mercury intrusion porosimetry is 2·2 μm or less and 0·2 μmη or more. The pore diameter of 1 〇% from the smaller pore size means that the pore diameter of the pore existing in the position of 〇% in the entire pore is counted from the smallest pore in all the pores. By setting the pore diameter of 10% from the smaller pore size to 2.2 μm or less as measured by the mercury intrusion porosimetry, it can be a porous structure that achieves a balance between water retention and gasification, and can be splashed with water. More effective reduction The surface of the tile on the balcony floor or terrace floor is -10- 201219635 and the state of lowering the surface temperature by splashing water can be relatively maintained for a longer period of time. In addition, it is measured by the mercury intrusion method. The pore diameter of 10% from the smaller pore size is set to 0.2 μπι or more, and more preferably 〇·3μπι or more 'best is 〇·5μιη or more, which can suppress the fine pore volume which does not benefit from the above two effects. The magnetic field of the present invention is particularly suitable for application to a balcony or a terrace. Especially when applied as the floor tile, the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained. In the method of the method, for example, in a material in which a plurality of materials (ceramic material and magnetic material) having different degrees of sinterization are uniformly mixed, the material is formed by mixing the powder, and the material is substantially not contained and is lost due to sintering. And forming a component of the pores, or a component which is foamed by sintering and generates pores, such as a pore-forming agent such as cinder ash or fly ash, and is obtained by sintering. The ratio of each of the above raw materials or the sintering condition is selected to achieve the physical properties of the tile of the present invention, for example, the pore surface area is 〇.lm 2 /g or more and 0.5 m 2 /g or less, and the sintering temperature is 5 The median diameter of the pores measured by the mercury intrusion porosimetry method is 2~1 Ομηι, and the measured by the mercury intrusion method is 10% from the smaller pores. The pore diameter is Ιμηι or more, the pore surface area S (m2/g) measured by the mercury intrusion method according to the above-mentioned tile, and the pore volume (cc/g) measured by the mercury intrusion method according to the above-mentioned tile. The ratio S/V is 10 or less. -11 - 201219635 EXAMPLES Example 1 A raw material made up of 45 parts by mass of a pottery clay, 45 parts by mass of a magnetic material clay, and 10 parts by mass of a calcined powder was used. After molding into a tile-forming body, in a roller tunnel kiln, it is 1200 to 1300. (The sample was obtained by sintering. Comparative Example 1 was molded by using a raw material of 35 parts by mass of a pottery clay, 40 parts by mass of a magnetic material clay, 1 part by mass of calcined powder, and 15 parts by mass of cinder ash. After forming a tile-forming body, it is sintered in a roller tunnel kiln at 1 200 to 1 300 ° C to obtain a sample. The obtained sample is obtained by a pore meter (mercury mercury porosimetry). ) to obtain the pore surface area S ( m2 / g ), the median diameter D50 ( μηι ) of the pores, the pore diameter D1 0 (μηι ) from the smaller pores, and the pore volume V (cc/ g), the ratio of the pore surface area S (m2/g) to the pore volume V (cc / g) measured by the mercury intrusion method according to the above-mentioned tile, S / V ( m 2 / cc ). As shown in Table 1. -12-201219635 [Table 1] Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Surface area of pores S (m2/g) 0.33 1.19 Median diameter of pores 〇50 (μηι) 2.20 2.24 From smaller pores The pore diameter D10 (μιη) calculated as 10% 0.55 0.19 pore volume V (cc/g) 0.087 0.097 S/V (m2/cc) 3.80 12.3 Next, the samples of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were observed by an electron microscope. The electron micrograph is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. In Fig. 1, many elongated pores are observed on the surface and inside, and a large number of large pores are present inside. In addition, an independent large circular vapor hole was also observed. Further, the surface of the sample of Example 1 was observed with an electron microscope. The electron micrograph is shown in Fig. 3. Comparison from Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 In the first embodiment, the area of the pores observed in the cross section of the central portion was increased as compared with the surface of the plate portion. Further, in the first embodiment, the funnel was adhered to the surface of the sample, and after drying, 80 ml was injected. The red ink was used for the penetration test, and after 2 days, the red ink was observed to have a through hole from the inner surface of the sample, and it was found that the same test was carried out for Comparative Example 1, and the red ink was not confirmed after 2 days. The inner surface of the sample was dropped. In addition, the 1 to 00 square tiles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were placed in a desiccator at 8 ° C, and immersed in water for 30 minutes. It is 2 7 °C.
然後將浸漬後的各試樣，在濕度40%的條件下以250W -13- 201219635 的紅外線燈照射60分鐘，並測定各試樣的表面溫度，實施 例1爲4 9 °C，比較例1爲5 8 °C，兩者可觀察到差距。 再者，該條件下以照射前後的重量變化除上保水率（ 重量）之値，實施例1爲0.42，比較例1爲0.33。 再者，該條件下之6 0分鐘照射後的水保持率，實施例 1爲〇 · 3 0 ’比較例1爲0 · 2 5。在此，所謂照射後的水保持率 ，是指以照射前的保水率（重量）除上照射後的保水率（ 重量）之値。 再者’該條件下之使2 5 0W的紅外線燈照射6〇分鐘後 之蒸發潛熱相對於照射前的蒸發潛熱之比，實施例丨爲 0.28 ’比較例1爲0.23。在此’蒸發潛熱是從保水重量與磁 磚表面溫度所計算出。100°C之水的蒸發熱爲53 9g/cal。 此外’在將浸漬後的各試樣，在濕度4 0 %的條件下以 25 0 W的紅外線燈照射120分鐘，並測定各試樣的表面溫度 時’實施例1爲5 7 °C ’比較例1爲6 4。(：，兩者仍然可觀察到 差距。 此外’將浸漬後的各試樣’在濕度4 0 %的條件下照射 2 5 0 W的紅外線燈’並測定各試樣的表面溫度成爲5 〇 r之 時間’實施例1爲65分鐘，比較例1爲40分鐘，兩者可觀察 到差距。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖爲實施例1中所得之陶器質磁磚的剖面之顯微鏡 照片。 -14- 201219635 第2圖爲比較例1中所得之陶器質磁磚的剖面之顯微鏡 照片。 第3圖爲實施例1中所得之陶器質磁磚的表面之顯微鏡 照片。 -15-Then, each sample after the immersion was irradiated with an infrared lamp of 250 W -13 - 201219635 for 60 minutes under the condition of a humidity of 40%, and the surface temperature of each sample was measured, and Example 1 was 49 ° C, Comparative Example 1 At 5 8 °C, a gap can be observed between the two. Further, in this condition, the water retention ratio (weight) was changed by the weight change before and after the irradiation, and Example 1 was 0.42, and Comparative Example 1 was 0.33. Further, the water retention rate after the 60-minute irradiation under the conditions was as in the case of 〇 · 3 0 ' Comparative Example 1 was 0 · 25. Here, the water retention rate after the irradiation means that the water retention rate (weight) before the irradiation is divided by the water retention rate (weight) after the irradiation. Further, the ratio of the latent heat of vaporization after the irradiation of the infrared lamp of 250 W under this condition for 6 minutes was relative to the latent heat of vaporization before the irradiation, and Example 丨 was 0.28 ”. Comparative Example 1 was 0.23. Here, the latent heat of evaporation is calculated from the water retention weight and the surface temperature of the tile. The heat of evaporation of water at 100 ° C was 53 9 g / cal. In addition, 'the sample after immersion was irradiated with a 25 0 W infrared lamp for 120 minutes under the condition of humidity of 40%, and the surface temperature of each sample was measured. 'Example 1 is 5 7 ° C 'Comparison Example 1 is 6 4. (:, the difference can still be observed between the two. In addition, 'the sample after immersion is irradiated with an infrared lamp of 250 V under the condition of humidity of 40%' and the surface temperature of each sample is determined to be 5 〇r The time was '65 minutes for Example 1 and 40 minutes for Comparative Example 1. The difference was observed between the two. [Schematic Description] Fig. 1 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of the ceramic tile obtained in Example 1. -14- 201219635 Fig. 2 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of the ceramic tile obtained in Comparative Example 1. Fig. 3 is a photomicrograph of the surface of the ceramic tile obtained in Example 1. -15-