JP5593927B2 - Stoneware tile - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tile that can maintain a state in which the surface temperature is lowered for a long time, particularly when the water is struck in the state where the sun shines on a veranda or terrace in summer for a long time.

  Conventionally, it is known that a cooling effect can be obtained by applying water to a wall body using a porous ceramic. As a method for obtaining such a porous ceramic, for example, a method of adding a foaming material (porosity imparting material) (for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-348631) or a method of using a foaming raw material for the ceramic itself (for example, Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-184199) is known, that is, a porous ceramic is obtained by adding a component corresponding to some pores to a ceramic raw material.

  In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-348631), for example, as a foaming material (porosity imparting material), paper dust generated when cutting a paper product, a fine one having a particle size of about 0.5 to 2 mm, or Wood scraps such as sawdust, coal scrap (fly ash), which is waste from a thermal power plant, is used, and the pores are obtained by foaming the portion.

  In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-184199), a ceramic foam sintered body mainly composed of vermiculite is used as a foaming raw material.

JP-A-2005-348631 JP 2003-184199 A

  The present inventors, as a configuration of a ceramic tile obtained by firing, have a through hole in the plate thickness direction, the shape of the through hole is an elongated shape, and the through hole observed on the surface of the tile By making the pore cross-sectional area created by the through hole in the center of the tile larger than the pore cross-sectional area created by the tile, especially in the state where the sun is shining for a long time on the veranda, terrace etc. in summer The knowledge that the temperature drop of the tile surface at the time of hammering can be kept comparatively long was acquired.

  That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a rustic tile that can keep the temperature drop of the tile surface at the time of water hitting relatively long, particularly in the state where the sun is shining on a veranda, a terrace or the like in summer.

  And the stoneware tile by this invention has a through-hole in a plate | board thickness direction as a structure of the ceramic tile obtained by baking, the shape of a through-hole is an elongate shape, The said observed on the surface of the tile It is a ceramic tile in which the pore cross-sectional area created by the central through-hole in the tile is larger than the pore cross-sectional area created by the through-hole.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the rustic tile which can hold | maintain the temperature fall of the tile surface at the time of water hitting in the state where the sun is shining for a long time especially on the veranda of a summer, a terrace, etc. is provided.

2 is a photomicrograph of the cross section of a stoneware tile obtained in Example 1. 2 is a photomicrograph of a cross section of a stoneware tile obtained in Comparative Example 1. 2 is a photomicrograph of the surface of a stoneware tile obtained in Example 1.

Ceramic tiles The ceramic tiles according to the present invention can keep the temperature drop of the tile surface at the time of watering for a relatively long time. Although the reason why the above-described unexpected effect of the tile according to the present invention is obtained is not clear, it is considered as follows. However, the following explanation is only a hypothesis, and the present invention is not limited by this.

  In the conventional foamed tile, when the foamed gas component escapes to the outside of the tile by firing, gasification occurs in a specific temperature rising temperature range, so that pores corresponding to the size of the foamed material are formed toward the surface. At this time, since the base component constituting the escape path is compressed, the portion other than the escape path is easily sintered. Thus, in such a tile, the surface has isolated large pores derived from the foam material and dense portions with only very small pores or closed pores that are difficult for water to enter the part where sintering is progressing. Occurs. With such a configuration, the pores that contribute to vaporization after hammering are only isolated large pores, and high latent heat of vaporization cannot be ensured for a large porosity. In addition, since there is almost no difference between the internal structure and the external structure of the pores, the watering effect disappears relatively quickly. On the other hand, the stone tile according to the present invention has through holes, the pores inside the fired body are large (that is, the pore surface area is small), and the pores on the surface of the fired body are narrowed into an elongated shape. Therefore, the ratio of pores that can contribute to water hammering increases, and it is possible to maintain a state in which water is retained for a relatively long time. As a result, the temperature drop on the tile surface at the time of watering can be maintained for a relatively long time.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the elongated pores of the through hole is 10 μm or more and 40 μm or less. When the pore width is 10 μm or more, a sufficient amount of vaporization can be secured, and when it is 40 μm or less, water is held inside for a certain time by capillary force.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pore surface area by mercury porosimetry of the tile is less than 0.1 m ² / g or more 0.5 m ² / g. When the pore surface area is in this range, the ratio of pores that can contribute to maintaining the hammering effect can be increased. More specifically, it is possible to effectively prevent the phenomenon that water hits quickly through the tile plate in the thickness direction by being 0.1 m ² / g or more, and penetrating by being 0.5 m ² / g or less. The pore diameter inside the fired body in the holes can be made sufficiently large.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, from the viewpoint of securing a sufficient amount of water retention, the water absorption rate by the boiling method of the tile is 5% or more and 15% or less.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a value obtained by dividing the amount of water retained (weight) by the weight change before and after irradiation when the tile is irradiated with an infrared lamp of 250 W for 60 minutes is 0.35 or more and 0.50 or less. To. When the above value is set to 0.35 or more, the tile according to the present invention lowers the surface temperature by watering when it is used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or more in summer. Can be maintained for a relatively long time. In addition, when the above value is set to 0.50 or less, the tile according to the present invention has a surface temperature of water when used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or more in summer. Can be effectively reduced.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrival time at 50 ° C. is 50 minutes or more when the tile having a surface temperature of 27 ° C. is irradiated with an infrared lamp of 250 W. As a result, when used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or higher in summer, the tile according to the present invention effectively lowers the surface temperature by hitting water and relatively reduces the lowered state. Can be maintained for a long time.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the tile is irradiated with a 250 W infrared lamp for 60 minutes, the water retention after irradiation with respect to before irradiation is 0.26 or more. Here, the water retention after irradiation is a value obtained by dividing the water retention amount (weight) after irradiation by the water retention amount (weight) before irradiation. When the above value is 0.26 or more, the tile according to the present invention lowers the surface temperature by watering when it is used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or more in summer. Can be maintained for a relatively long time. In addition, when the value is 0.40 or less, the tile according to the present invention has a surface temperature of water when used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or higher in summer. Can be effectively reduced.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the latent heat of evaporation before the irradiation of the latent heat of vaporization after irradiation of the tile with a 250 W infrared lamp for 60 minutes is set to 0.25 or more and 0.40 or less. Here, the latent heat of vaporization was calculated from the water retention weight and the tile surface temperature. The heat of evaporation of water at 100 ° C. was 539 g / cal. When the above value is 0.25 or more, when used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or more in summer, the tile according to the present invention is a state in which the surface temperature is lowered by watering Can be maintained for a relatively long time. In addition, when the above value is set to 0.25 or less, the tile according to the present invention is effective in damaging the surface temperature when used on a veranda floor or a terrace floor where the surface temperature rises to 50 ° C. or higher in summer. Can be reduced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 10% diameter is 2.2 μm or less and 0.2 μm or more from the smallest pore by the mercury intrusion method. The 10% diameter from the smallest pore here means the diameter of the pores present at a position of 10% by volume of the whole pores when viewed from the smallest pores in order. By making the 10% diameter from the smaller pores by the mercury intrusion method to 2.2μm or less, it becomes a porous structure that balances water retention and vaporization, and the temperature of the tile surface used on the veranda floor or terrace floor is effected by water injection. It is possible to maintain the state in which the temperature is lowered by watering while being lowered for a relatively long time. Further, since the 10% diameter is 0.2 μm or more, more preferably 0.3 μm, and most preferably 0.5 μm or more from the smaller pores by the mercury intrusion method, the amount of fine pores that do not contribute to both the above effects can be reduced. It can be minimized.

  The tile of the present invention described above can be suitably used particularly on a veranda or a terrace. In particular, when used as the floor tile, the effects of the present invention can be fully enjoyed.

Tile manufacturing method The tile manufacturing method of the present invention is, for example, forming a base material in which a plurality of base materials having different degrees of firing (a ceramic base material and a porcelain base material) are uniformly mixed and a chamotte is blended as necessary. In addition, a component that burns away by firing or generates pores or a component that foams and generates pores by firing, for example, a pore-imparting agent such as clinker ash or fly ash, is obtained by firing without substantially blending. The above-described tile according to the present invention preferably has physical properties such as a pore surface area of 0.1 m ² / g to 0.5 m ² / g, a firing temperature water absorption of 5% to 15%, by mercury intrusion method. The median diameter of the pores is 2 to 10 μm, the 10% diameter is 1 μm or more from the smaller pores by the mercury intrusion method, the pore surface area S (m ² / g) by the mercury intrusion method, and the mercury intrusion method of the tile Setting the value of the ratio S / V to the pore volume (cc / g) by 10 to 10 or less can be achieved by adjusting the raw material composition or selecting the firing conditions.

Example 1.
By producing a tile-forming form by press-molding a raw material base consisting of 45 parts by mass of porcelain clay, 45 parts by mass of porcelain clay, and 10 parts by mass of chamotte, and firing at 1200 to 1300 ° C. in a roller hearth kiln. A sample was obtained.

Comparative Example 1
A raw material base comprising 35 parts by mass of porcelain clay, 40 parts by mass of porcelain clay, 10 parts by mass of chamotte and 15 parts by mass of clinker ash is press-molded to produce a tile generating form, and 1200 to 1300 in a roller hearth kiln. A sample was obtained by firing at 0 ° C.

About the obtained sample, by a porosimeter (mercury intrusion method), pore surface area S (m ² / g), median diameter D50 (μm) of pores, 10% diameter D10 (μm) from the smallest pore, pore volume The ratio S / V (m ² / cc) of V (cc / g), pore surface area S (m ² / g) and pore volume (cc / g) of the tiles by mercury porosimetry was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

  Furthermore, the cross section of the sample of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was observed with an electron microscope. The electron micrographs were as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. In FIG. 1, many elongated pores were observed on the surface and inside, and many large pores were observed inside. In contrast, independent large round pores were also observed in FIG.

  Furthermore, the surface of the sample of Example 1 was observed with an electron microscope. The electron micrograph was as shown in FIG. A comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 shows that in Example 1, the pore volume at which the cross-section is observed in the center portion is larger than in the plate portion surface.

  In Example 1, a funnel was adhered to the surface of the sample and a penetration test was performed in which 80 ml of red ink was injected after drying. When two days later, red ink was observed to drip from the back of the sample, and there was a through hole. found. Further, the same test was performed for Comparative Example 1, but no dropping of red ink from the back surface of the sample after 2 days was confirmed.

  Moreover, the 100 square tiles of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were placed in a dryer at 80 ° C. and then immersed in water for 30 minutes. The tile surface temperature at that time was 27 ° C., respectively.

  Thereafter, each immersed sample was irradiated with a 250 W infrared lamp for 60 minutes under a condition of humidity of 40%, and the surface temperature of each sample was measured. As a result, Example 1 was 49 ° C. C., and an opening was observed in both.

  Further, under this condition, the value obtained by dividing the water retention amount (weight) by the change in weight before and after irradiation was 0.42 in Example 1 and 0.33 in Comparative Example 1.

  Furthermore, the water retention rate after 60 minutes of irradiation under these conditions was 0.30 in Example 1 and 0.25 in Comparative Example 1. Here, the water retention after irradiation is a value obtained by dividing the water retention amount (weight) after irradiation by the water retention amount (weight) before irradiation.

  Furthermore, under this condition, the ratio of the latent heat of vaporization after irradiation of a 250 W infrared lamp for 60 minutes to the latent heat of vaporization before irradiation was 0.28 in Example 1 and 0.23 in Comparative Example 1. Here, the latent heat of vaporization was calculated from the water retention weight and the tile surface temperature. The heat of evaporation of water at 100 ° C. was 539 g / cal.

  In addition, when each immersed sample was irradiated with a 250 W infrared lamp for 120 minutes under a condition of humidity of 40% and the surface temperature was measured for each sample, Example 1 was 57 ° C. It became 64 degreeC and the opening was recognized by both.

  In addition, each immersed sample was irradiated with a 250 W infrared lamp under a condition of humidity of 40%, and when the time at which the surface temperature of each sample was 50 ° C. was measured, Example 1 was 65 minutes. In Example 1, it was 40 minutes, and an opening was recognized in both.

Claims (11)

Stoneware and greenbody, comprises a ceramic greenbody, and then burned by firing foamed by component or baking causes pores obtained by sintering the green body does not contain a component that causes the pores in stoneware Tiles,
The tile has an elongated through hole in the thickness direction,
A porcelain tile, wherein a pore cross-sectional area created by the through-hole in the center of the tile is larger than a pore cross-sectional area created by the through-hole observed on the surface of the tile. The stoneware tile of claim 1, further comprising a chamotte. The stone tile according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a width of the elongated pores of the through hole is 10 µm or more and 40 µm or less. The rustic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a pore surface area of the tile by a mercury intrusion method is 0.1 m2 / g or more and 0.5 m2 / g or less. The stoneware tile as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 whose water absorption by the boiling method of the said tile is 5% or more and 15% or less. The tile according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a value obtained by dividing a water retention amount when the tile is irradiated with a 250 W infrared lamp for 60 minutes by a change in weight before and after irradiation is 0.35 or more. . The rustic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein when the tile having a surface temperature of 27 ° C is irradiated with an infrared lamp of 250W, an arrival time of 50 ° C is 50 minutes or more. The rustic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein when the tile is irradiated with a 250 W infrared lamp for 60 minutes, a water retention rate after irradiation with respect to before irradiation is 0.26 or more.   The rustic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the tile has a 10% diameter of 2.2 µm or less and 0.2 µm or more from the smallest pore by the mercury intrusion method.   The stone tile according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is used as a floor tile for a veranda or a floor tile for a terrace.   Use of the rustic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 9 on a veranda floor or a terrace floor, which maintains a state in which the temperature drops when the water is struck in the sun for a long period of time for 1 hour or more. Method.