201032909 i 六、發明說明： .·【發明所屬之技術領域】 ; 本發明係關於-種塑膠的分類方法及其 由廢家電產品所獲得的混合破碎 ^ 从從 家電產品之塑膠。 …頰出可再利用於 【先前技術】 在習知的_再生分類方法中，有藉 ❹ 濕式分類功能C比重分類功能）依不同種 ^差的 術（例如專利文獻1)。再者，有藉由縣=土膠的技 的趟腺"Wt费 _ *專使具有帶電性 B > W、’再利用各種塑膠的不同帶電特性欢 場中依不同種類來進行分類 ’電 用在家電產品之使 :樹脂。該難燃劑的含有量一般在1 難燃劑而言主要是利用漠類難燃劑。 篁。而Μ其 ❹ 有^二面，為了確保與管理再生塑膠的性能，分類含 ==含有難燃劑樹脂的技術已成為重要技術。又，在 動再生塑膠在家電產品的有 在推201032909 i VI. Description of the invention: .· [Technical field to which the invention belongs]; The present invention relates to a method for classifying plastics and a mixture of broken products obtained from waste household appliances. ...The cheeks can be reused. [Prior Art] In the conventional _ regenerative classification method, there is a technique in which the wet classification function C is classified into different types (for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, there is the technique of the county = soil glue technology "Wt fee _ * specializes with the chargeability B > W, 'reuse various plastics of different charging characteristics in the field of different categories to classify 'electricity Used in the manufacture of home appliances: resin. The content of the flame retardant is generally 1 in the case of a flame retardant, mainly using a desert flame retardant. bamboo grove. In order to ensure and manage the performance of recycled plastics, the classification of technologies containing == flame retardant resins has become an important technology. Also, in the dynamic recycling of plastic products in the home appliances
RoHSMTP + · 艰活叫，為了遵守由歐洲的 日々（Restrlctlon of Hazardous Subs ==有關電器電子機器中限制使用特定二： 貝=)所代表的有害物質管制之漠類難燃劑的含量管 再生塑膠。 “要防止_難_混入至 在系生蠢杳上述灘魏,劑藏難燃性塑膠時 留的溴類難燃劑混入至再生樹脂，分離含有難燃劑的難燃 321640 4 201032909 - 性塑膠與不含難燃劑的塑膠之分離技術就變得很重要。 - 向來，以塑膠的分離裝置而言，有藉由輸送帶等搬運 ； 手段來搬運分離對象物，再將放射線照射到分離對象物以 測量穿過物質的放射線穿透率，然後根據測量結果來區別 分離對象物，以取出至回收容器之分離裝置C參照例如專利 文獻3)。 [專利文獻1]日本特開2003-112156號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2007-11 1600號公報 ® [專利文獻1]日本特開平5-131176號公報 【發明内容】 [發明欲解決之問題] 習知的再生塑膠之製造方法中（尤其在藉比重進行分 . 類之方法中），存在著：雖能去除含有大量比重較塑膠為重 的溴類難燃劑之塑膠，但含有微量難燃劑的塑膠未被去除 而使溴類難燃劑超過限制含量之問題。再者，雖能藉降低 φ比重分類之臨限值來提升含有溴類難燃劑塑膠的去除率， 但有再生對象的塑膠回收率下降之問題。 再者，在上述之類餘分離裝置中，係利用穿透分離對 象物的放射線穿透率來判別含特定元素的塑膠，惟放射線 的穿透率除了分離對象物中所含元素的重量與含量之外亦 會因厚度的增加而下降，因此，在像經粉碎過的塑膠片之 類的分離對象物大小與厚度不一之情形時，會有誤判含有 特定元素塑膠片的問題。. 本發明係為解決上述問題而研創出者，其目的在提供 5 321640 201032909 一種塑膠的分士、也 ^ ..且高精確度地去除一種可從混合破碎塑膠高速 . 方法。 、百廣頰難燃劑之塑膠的再生塑膠製造 中，能以高目的係同時提供一種在上述分類方法 裝置。。⑺又分類具有各種厚度之塑膠片的塑膠分類 [&決問題之方案] ❹ 本發明之再生塑膠的製 膠片利用tf*舌八相X 沄知'/、有·攸此合破碎塑 膠的第—比重==分出比第一比重臨限值Pi輕之塑 來決定上述第二上述欲區分的輕塑膠比重分布 、、，L 重分類步驟之比重臨限值P1;及對上说、RoHSMTP + · Hard to call, in order to comply with the content of the inferior flammable agent controlled by the European sundial (Restrlctlon of Hazardous Subs ==Restricted use of specific electrical and electronic equipment in the specific two: Bay =) . "To prevent _ difficult _ mixed into the stagnation of the above-mentioned beach Wei, the bromine-based flame retardant left in the storage of flame retardant plastic mixed into the recycled resin, separation of flame retardant containing flame retardant 321640 4 201032909 - plastic It is important to separate the plastic from the non-flammable agent. - In the case of plastic separation devices, it is carried by conveyor belts, etc., and the means to transport the separated objects, and then irradiate the radiation to the separation object. In the separation device C which is used to measure the radiation transmittance of the traversing material, and to separate the object to be separated, and to take it out to the recovery container, for example, refer to Patent Document 3). [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-112156 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-11 1600 (Patent Document 1) Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei No. Hei 5-131176--- [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In a conventional method for producing a reclaimed plastic ( In particular, in the method of sub-classification, there is a plastic that contains a large amount of bromine-based flame retardant which is heavier than plastic, but the plastic containing a trace amount of flame retardant is not removed and the bromine is removed. The problem that the flame retardant exceeds the limit content. Furthermore, although the removal rate of the bromine-based flame retardant plastic can be improved by lowering the threshold of the φ specific gravity classification, the recovery rate of the recycled plastic object is reduced. In the above-mentioned type of separation device, the radiation having a specific element is discriminated by the radiation transmittance of the object to be separated, but the transmittance of the radiation is in addition to the weight and content of the element contained in the object to be separated. It also decreases due to the increase in thickness. Therefore, in the case where the size and thickness of the separated object such as the pulverized plastic sheet are different, there is a problem that the plastic sheet containing the specific element is misjudged. The researcher who solves the above problems, the purpose of which is to provide 5 321640 201032909 a plastic pen, also ^.. and high precision to remove a high-speed method from mixing broken plastic. Method, Baiguang cheek flame retardant plastic In the manufacture of recycled plastics, it is possible to provide a device according to the above classification method with a high-destination system. (7) Plastic classification of plastic sheets having various thicknesses [& The scheme] The remanufactured plastic film of the invention utilizes tf* tongue eight phase X 沄 know '/, has 攸 this combined broken plastic first-specific gravity == split than the first specific gravity threshold Pi light plastic To determine the specific gravity distribution of the light plastic to be distinguished by the above second, and the specific gravity threshold P1 of the L reclassification step;
=出:_卿照射來自x光賴光，並利用穿J ❿ 光，述經區分出的較輕塑膠穿透之穿透X 且艮據來自用以解析所檢測出的穿透X光之資 別在上述經區分出的較輕塑膠中是否存 料虛、v 的信號’依據漠的存在與否從上述經區分出=理部 除含有演的塑膠之含_膠去除步驟/出的g塑谬去 [發明之功效] 在本發明之再生_的製造方法t，由於可 重分類排除含有多量溴類難燃劑的塑膠，並從人 類難燃劑的塑谬選擇性地排除含有涘類難燃齊 :：：量演 此可提升再生對象的塑膠回收率，且能提升含有/ >，因 的識別精確度與提升處理速度。 3 含有填 f實施方式j 321640 6 201032909 •-實施形態1 - 第1圖係本發明實施形態1的有關於再生塑膠之製造 ： 方法的塑膠之分類方法的流程圖。在第1圖中，將比重臨 限值設定在預先決定的值P1(在此P係希臘文rho的大 寫），在此將P1設為1. 0以進行第一比重分類，而將混合 破碎塑膠分類成較比重1. 0輕的塑膠與較比重1. 0重的塑 膠及金屬。 混合破碎塑膠係以聚丙烯（PP)、聚笨乙烯（PS)及丙烯 ®腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS)為主構成，之外，雖為少量，還含 有聚縮醛（Ρ0Μ)、聚對苯二曱酸丁二酯（PBT)等。PP的比重 約0. 9,較PS(約1. 05)、ABS(約1. 05)及其他的塑膠還輕，= Out: _ Qing illuminates the light from the x-ray, and uses the J-ray to describe the penetration of the lighter plastic penetration X and the evidence from the detected X-rays Do not store the material of the virtual and v in the lighter plastics identified above. 'Depending on the presence or absence of the desert, the difference is from the above.谬 功效 [Effect of the invention] In the production method t of the regeneration method of the present invention, since the plastic containing a large amount of the bromine-based flame retardant can be re-classified, and the plastic containing the refractory agent is selectively excluded from the sputum Burning::: This can improve the plastic recovery rate of the regenerated object, and can improve the recognition accuracy and processing speed of />. 3 Included and filled f Embodiment j 321640 6 201032909 • Embodiment 1 - Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for classifying plastics according to the method of manufacturing the recycled plastic according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the first figure, the specific gravity threshold is set to a predetermined value P1 (in this case, the P is the uppercase of the Greek rho), where P1 is set to 1.0 to perform the first specific gravity classification, and the hybrid is broken. The plastics are classified into plastics and metals with a specific gravity of 1.0 and a weight of 1. 0. The mixed crushed plastic is mainly composed of polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and acrylonitrile nitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and in addition to a small amount, it also contains polyacetal (Ρ0Μ). , polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and the like. The specific gravity of PP is about 0.9, which is lighter than PS (about 1. 05), ABS (about 1.05) and other plastics.
• 在第一比重分類被區分出。從藉比重分類所區分出的PP - 去除含溴PP，以回收符合RoHS的PP。• The classification is distinguished in the first specific gravity. From the PP classified by the specific gravity classification - remove the bromine-containing PP to recover the RoHS-compliant PP.
RoHS管制對象物質除了溴類難燃劑之外，還有鉛、水 銀、編與六價鉻，而調查比重分類後的PP之結果，所有的 φ上述物質都低於管制含量。因此，藉由去除含漠· PP即可回 收符合RoHS的PP。 第2圖係顯示作為比重分類法的具體例之浮沉分類裝 置構成圖。浮沉分類裝置本體係具有：可儲存液體媒體9 的浮沉水槽2 ;用以擾拌、搬運浮游物的授拌槳（paddle) 3 ;以及搬運沉殿物的螺旋輸送機5a。如箭頭8的流向所 示，利用定量供給裝置1將混合破碎塑膠分散投入到液體 媒體中^然後該混合破碎塑谬中的浮游物係藉攪拌槳3而 被搬運在液體媒體上，再經過振動篩4以如浮上分類物流 7 321640 201032909 c向10的箭頭所示之方式回收浮上分類物。液體媒體為使用 -水（比重=ϊ.0)’藉此可從混合破碎塑膠中僅將比重較水小 :的ρρ(比重9)作為浮上分類物予以回收。再者，回收 浮上分類物後所殘留之液體媒體13係從設有泵的槽7送回 浮沉水槽2。 另一方面，比重比水大的沉澱物係在藉螺旋輸送機以 搬運之後，如表示液體媒體與沉澱物的流向之箭頭n，作 為液體媒體與沉澱物從排出口 6a排出。如第2圖右側之圖 ❹所示i排出的沉殿物與液體媒體係藉螺旋輸送機北暫時 被抬局至較儲存在浮沉水槽2的液體媒體表面還上方處。 藉此，液體媒體被送回浮沉水槽2,而僅有由箭頭12所示 -的沉澱物從排出口 6b排出，並結束分類。 ·、$3圖係顯示作為含溴_去除法的具體例之装置構 成圖。在第3圖中’係將破碎塑膠22(由含溴塑膠22a及 不含漠塑勝22b所構成）從供給裝置23依序供給至搬運農 ❿置21。經搬運裝置21加速的破碎塑膠22係從搬運裝置 飛出’並通過用以照射屬於放射線一種的χ光之χ ^管球 240(光照射源，以下亦記载為χ光照射源）與χ光檢:哭 2^之間。從X光管球24所產生的[光係被照射到破碎塑 膠22 ’而穿透的X光係被χ光檢測器25檢測。在資料 理部26進行㈣與不含演之取，藉由區分機構π 溴塑膠22a係被區分到含漠塑膠收納箱28内，不含漠塑膠 22b係被區分到不含漠豐膠费納箱、29内。 / 以X光檢測器25而言 係使用可進行線内或面内 321640 8 201032909 光強度分布量測者，例如：X光感測器、X光影像增強器、 - X光CCD攝影機、X光閃爍器、位置感度型比例計數管等不 ： 具有能量解析力的X光檢測器25。當使用該等檢測器時， 含溴塑膠22a的部位因穿透的X光強度變弱，故可特定出 含溴塑膠22a的位置。又，若使用該等檢測器，則可將線 内或面内X光強度分布作成可觀看之影像。在可觀看化之 影像，含溴塑膠22a的亮度係顯示出較不含溴塑膠22b的 免度為小。 ® 含有填充材料（滑石、黏土、碳酸鈣等）、補強材料（玻 璃纖維）、著色劑（氧化鈦等）的塑膠，穿透的X光強度雖亦 會變弱而使區分精確度下降，但由於含有該等物質的塑膠 - 其比重比1. 0還重，所以已在比重分類預先被排除，而不 . 會使區分精確度下降。而且，可減少區分機構27的動作負 荷，提升區分精確度。 在搬運裝置21可使用例如輸送帶，對輸送帶供給區 φ分對象物的供給裝置23使用裝料斗（hopper)或供料器 (feeder)即可。區分機構27係只要根據來自資料處理部的 信號利甩吹風或藉真空進行抽吸的吸嘴等而使區分對象物 收納在欲收納的收納箱、或移送至下一輸送帶即可。 如此，本實施形態的再生塑膠之製造方法係藉由在後 段設置檢測溴之存在以去除含溴塑膠的步驟，而可在前段 所設的比重分類步驟中擴大區分對象物的比重範圍，並提 升符合RoHS的PP之回收率。 實施形態2 9 321640 201032909 v 第4圖係顯示本發明實施形態2的再生塑膠之夢迭方 - 法流程圖。在第4圖中，於第一比重分類步驟中先將比重 ; 臨限值設定在預先決定的P1以對混合破碎塑膠進行比重 分類。在此將P1設為1. 〇 ’以分類成較比重丨.〇輕的pp 與較比重1.0重的塑膠及金屬。接著，將比重臨限值設定 在預先決定的P2以對較前述比重1. 〇還重的塑膠進行第一 比重分類。在此將P2設為1. 1，以區分為較比重丨.i輕的 PS與ABS的混合物及較比重L丨重的塑膠與金屬。藉摩檫 ❹等使透過第二比重分類而被分類為較比重h丨輕的ps與 ABS之混合物帶電，再利用⑼與ABS的帶電特性不同，於 靜電場中進行PS與ABS的分類。從靜電分類後的ps、ABS， '利用第3圖所說明過的去除含溴塑膠之裝置去除含溴ps、 ABS ’並回收符合r〇hs的ps、ABS。In addition to the bromine-based flame retardant, the substances subject to RoHS control include lead, mercury, and hexavalent chromium. As a result of the classification of the PP after the classification, all of the above substances are lower than the controlled content. Therefore, the RoHS-compliant PP can be recovered by removing the PP-containing PP. Fig. 2 is a view showing a configuration of a floating-sink sorting apparatus as a specific example of the specific gravity classification method. Floating and sinking sorting device The system has a floating sink 2 for storing the liquid medium 9, a paddle 3 for disturbing and transporting the float, and a screw conveyor 5a for transporting the sink. As shown by the flow direction of the arrow 8, the mixed and broken plastic is dispersed into the liquid medium by the dosing device 1. Then the float in the mixed broken plastic is transported on the liquid medium by the stirring paddle 3, and then vibrated The screen 4 recovers the floating classification in the manner indicated by the arrow to the top of the classified stream 7 321640 201032909 c. The liquid medium is used - water (specific gravity = ϊ.0)', whereby only ρρ (specific gravity 9) having a smaller specific gravity than water can be recovered from the mixed crushed plastic as a floating classification. Further, the liquid medium 13 remaining after the floating classification is recovered is sent back to the floating sink 2 from the tank 7 provided with the pump. On the other hand, the precipitate having a specific gravity larger than that of water is discharged from the discharge port 6a as a liquid medium and sediment after the conveyance by the screw conveyor, such as an arrow n indicating the flow direction of the liquid medium and the precipitate. As shown in the figure on the right side of Fig. 2, the sinking and liquid media discharged from i are temporarily lifted to the upper side of the liquid medium surface stored in the floating sink 2 by the screw conveyor north. Thereby, the liquid medium is sent back to the floating sink 2, and only the precipitate indicated by the arrow 12 is discharged from the discharge port 6b, and the classification is ended. The $3 map shows a configuration of a device as a specific example of the bromine-containing removal method. In Fig. 3, the broken plastic 22 (consisting of the bromine-containing plastic 22a and the non-moisture-resistant plastic 22b) is sequentially supplied from the supply device 23 to the transporting agricultural unit 21. The crushed plastic 22 accelerated by the transporting device 21 is ejected from the transporting device and passes through a bulb 240 (a light-irradiating source, hereinafter also referred to as a calendering source) for illuminating a fluorescent light belonging to one type of radiation. Light inspection: cry between 2^. The X-ray system which is generated from the X-ray tube 24 and which is irradiated to the broken plastic 22 by the light system is detected by the calender detector 25. In the data management department 26, (4) and the absence of the performance, by the division mechanism π bromine plastic 22a is divided into the desert plastic storage box 28, the non-indifferent plastic 22b is distinguished from the Mofeng rubber Fena Box, 29 inside. / For X-ray detector 25, use the in-line or in-plane 321640 8 201032909 light intensity distribution measurement, such as: X-ray sensor, X-ray image intensifier, - X-ray CCD camera, X-ray The scintillator, the position sensitivity type proportional counter tube, and the like are not: an X-ray detector 25 having an energy resolving power. When these detectors are used, the portion of the bromine-containing plastic 22a is weakened by the intensity of the transmitted X-ray, so that the position of the bromine-containing plastic 22a can be specified. Moreover, if such detectors are used, the in-line or in-plane X-ray intensity distribution can be made into a viewable image. In the viewable image, the brightness of the bromine-containing plastic 22a showed a lower degree of freedom than the bromine-free plastic 22b. ® Plastics containing filler materials (talc, clay, calcium carbonate, etc.), reinforcing materials (glass fibers), colorants (titanium oxide, etc.), although the intensity of the transmitted X-ray is weakened, the accuracy of the discrimination is reduced, but Since the plastic containing the substance - its specific gravity is heavier than 1.0, it has been pre-excluded in the specific gravity classification, and the accuracy of the classification is lowered. Moreover, the action load of the discrimination mechanism 27 can be reduced, and the discrimination accuracy can be improved. In the conveying device 21, for example, a conveyor belt can be used, and a hopper or a feeder can be used for the supply device 23 for the conveyor belt supply area φ. The sorting means 27 is only required to store the object to be stored in the storage box to be stored or to transfer to the next conveyance belt in accordance with a signal from the data processing unit, or a suction nozzle that sucks by vacuum. As described above, in the method for producing a reclaimed plastic of the present embodiment, the step of detecting the presence of bromine in the subsequent stage is performed to remove the bromine-containing plastic, and the specific gravity range of the object to be distinguished can be expanded and increased in the specific gravity classification step set in the preceding paragraph. RoHS-compliant PP recovery. Embodiment 2 9 321640 201032909 v Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing the dream of the regenerated plastic according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 4, in the first specific gravity classifying step, the specific gravity is set first at a predetermined P1 to classify the mixed crushed plastic. Here, P1 is set to 1. 〇 ' to classify into a relatively specific gravity 丨. 〇 light pp and a specific gravity of 1.0 weight of plastic and metal. Next, the specific gravity threshold is set at a predetermined P2 to classify the first specific gravity of the plastic which is heavier than the above specific gravity. Here, P2 is set to 1.1 to distinguish between a mixture of PS and ABS which is lighter than 丨.i, and a plastic and metal which are heavier than the specific gravity L. The mixture of ps and ABS classified as a lighter weight than the ABS by the second specific gravity is charged by Capricorn, etc., and (9) is different from the charging characteristics of ABS, and the classification of PS and ABS is performed in the electrostatic field. From the static classification of ps, ABS, 'removal of bromine-containing ps, ABS' using the device for removing bromine-containing plastics as described in Fig. 3 and recovering ps and ABS in accordance with r〇hs.
調查靜電分類後的Ps ' ABS之結果，鉛、水銀、鎘與 六價鉻之任一種物質均低於管制含量。因此，藉由去除^ 溴PS、ABS ’即可回收符合R〇HS的ps、ABS。 八在實施形態1中，作為將比重臨限值設為10的比重 分類法之具體例係說明了於液體媒體使用水（比重 、孚/儿刀#裝置之構成’而在第二比重分類（亦即將比重臨 =設為1. υ時，係將液體媒體置換為鹽水、氯化有機溶 ^專可设定比重的液體。 第5圖係'顯示靜電分類裝置的構成。#電分類裳置係 ς .定费供给裝置赞、摩擦帶電筒31、電場投入裝置 、目對向電極33a，33b、電源34a，34b及回收箱脱，細。 321640 10 201032909 V 經比重分類而被分類後的PS片與ABS片之混合物40 - 係被投入至定量供給裝置3 0。在第5圖中，分別以〇表示 :ABS片、以•表示PS片。PS與ABS在帶電序列内的位置係 不同，PS者係位於帶電序列内的負侧，ABS者係位於帶電 序列内的正側。 從定量供給裝置30接受PS片與ABS片混合物40的 供給之摩擦帶電筒31係可旋轉的圓筒型攪拌容器。摩擦帶 電筒31係以其中心軸為旋轉中心而可旋轉，透過旋轉一邊 ®攪拌PS片與ABS片混合物40，一邊使該等混合物摩擦以 使混合物帶電。接受因摩擦帶電筒31而帶電後的混合物之 供給的電場投入裝置32係具有將混合物送出至相對向電 • 極33a，33b之功能。 .. 在相對向電極33a(負電極）係施加有比電源34a低的 電位，在相對向電極33b(正電極）係施加有比電源34b高 的電位。藉此，在相對向電極33a、33b之間產生電場，並 ^使帶電的混合物通過產生有該電場的部分。帶電的混合物 之中，帶負電的P S片係被吸往南電位侧的相對向電極 33b;另一方面，帶正警的ABS片係被吸往低電位側的相對 向電極33a。PS片係被分類回收到高電位側的回收箱35b， ABS片係被分類回收到低電位側的回收箱35a。 進行去除含溴塑膠之裝置的構成例係與實施形態1的 進行去除含溴塑膠之裝置的構成相同。因此，省略該部分 的說明。. ' 在此，對實施形態1及實施形態2的比重分類方法進 11 321640 201032909 、 行說明。第6圖係顯示在市場所回收的塑勝之多數的pp • 與PS/ABS之比重分布一例的曲線圖。粗線表示pp、細線 : 表示PS/ABS。在該例中，pp的比重具有以〇. 9為中心的分 布’· PS/ABS的比重具有以1. 〇 5為中心的分布。第7圖係 顯示在該例的塑膠中，相對於比重的塑勝中之平均溴濃度 之曲線圖。粗線表示去除含溴塑膠前，細線表示利用第3 圖的含溴塑膠去除裝置去除含溴塑膠後，虛線表示目標 值。目標值為300ppm。此值係為，若溴濃度未達3〇〇ppm， ❹則即可保證無論是哪一項r〇HS指令對象的溴類難燃劑其 作為化合物也不會超過1 〇〇〇ppffl(符合基準）之數值。 在含溴塑膠去除前的曲線中，於比重1. 〇至丨.〇5的平均溴 /辰度較南處為含漠pp ’而在比重1.1以上的平均漠濃度較 -南處為含溴的PS/ABS。由於溴的比重較塑膠重，因此若添 加到塑膠中，則塑膠之比重將會變大。 以比重臨限值1.0的比重分類所區分之pp即使不進 ❿行含溴塑膠的去除，溴濃度也會未滿300ppm。PS/ABS中雖 含有含溴PP，但可藉後段的靜電分類予以區分。在上述的 靜電分類中，雖述及PS與ABS的區分，但在靜電分類後的 PS會含有含溴PP。由於Ps與pp帶電特性不同，故可藉由 進一步進行靜電分類來區分PS與pp。不過，由於含溴 PS/ABS無法以靜電分類作區分，故於不使用如第3圖所說 明的檢測漠之存在以去除含演塑膠之方法時，需要藉比重 分類來去除含溴塑膠。於欲透過比重分類來去除含溴塑膠 時’參照第7圖，例如比重分類的比重臨限值設在1.1時 321640 12 201032909 會太大’需要將比重臨限值設定為較1.1小，例如設定在 - L 07以去除含溴塑膠。相對於此，於進行如第3圖所々兒明 : 的檢測 >臭之存在以去除含漢塑膠時，由於可在後段區分含 溴PS/ABS，故可將比重臨限值設為較大。亦即，可將實施 形態2的第二比重分類之分類臨限值？2加大（在實施形態 2的例中為1.1)，減少由第二比重分類去除的塑膠量。第 8圖係顯示以比重分類的比重臨限值為橫軸，利用該比重 ❾臨限值進行了比重分類時之PP，及PS/ABS的回收率圖。 從第8圖得知，在PP，若將比重臨限值設為1〇則回收率 ;幾乎達刪。另一方面，在PS/ABS，若例如將比重臨限值 «又為1· 1則回收率在90%以上，此相較於乃透過比重分類 .來去除含溴塑膠而將比重臨限值設為例如1〇7之情形係 - 具有可大幅提升回收率之效果。 只施形態1與2的第一比重分類之比重臨限值pi、以 及只施形態2的第二比重分類之比重臨限值以係以下述之 方式決定。如在實施形態]中所說明，於混入有比重分布 不同的_之混合破碎塑谬中之成為主體的塑膠（亦即欲 將其予以區分的塑膠）中，首先根據像PP(聚丙烯）之類的 二重士最，丨、（輕）之塑膠的比重分布來決定⑴最輕之塑膠為 過m"為佳之事實已在實施形態1與上述中說明 =腺其:欠，就p2而言’係從比重較大（重）之欲將其區分的 膠（亦可包含如同P#ABS#比重值接近的複數種塑膠） 補以及3有其他填充材料（滑石、黏土、碳酸鈣等）、 材料（破螭纖維）、著色劑（氧化鈦等）的塑膠與金屬等 321640 13 201032909 的物質比重’以在第二比重分類中，非為區 .刀對象的物質之混入比成為預定以下之方式來決定打。 .• 如此’本f卿㈣再生_之製造方法係在後段設 ^測紅存在^除含溴塑膠的㈣，藉此，透過心As a result of investigating the Ps 'ABS after electrostatic classification, any of lead, mercury, cadmium and hexavalent chromium was below the controlled content. Therefore, ps and ABS in accordance with R〇HS can be recovered by removing bromine PS and ABS'. In the first embodiment, a specific example of the specific gravity classification method in which the specific gravity threshold is set to 10 is described in the liquid medium using water (specific gravity, the configuration of the Fu/Knife # device) and the second specific gravity classification ( It is also the case that the specific gravity is set to 1. When υ, the liquid medium is replaced with saline, and the chlorinated organic solvent is used to set the specific gravity of the liquid. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of the electrostatic classification device. ς 定 摩擦 摩擦 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , The mixture of the sheet and the ABS sheet 40 - is fed to the metering device 30. In Fig. 5, it is indicated by 〇: ABS sheet, and PS sheet. The position of PS and ABS in the charged sequence is different. The PS is located on the negative side in the charging sequence, and the ABS is located on the positive side in the charging sequence. The frictional charging cylinder 31 that receives the supply of the PS sheet and the ABS sheet mixture 40 from the metering device 30 is a rotatable cylindrical stirring. Container. Frictional flashlight 31 is based on its central axis Rotating the center of rotation, the mixture of the PS sheet and the ABS sheet 40 is stirred by the rotating side, and the mixture is rubbed to charge the mixture. The electric field input device 32 that receives the supply of the mixture after being charged by the frictional torch 31 is It has a function of feeding the mixture to the opposing electrodes 33a, 33b. . . . a lower potential than the power source 34a is applied to the opposing electrode 33a (negative electrode), and a ratio is applied to the opposing electrode 33b (positive electrode). The power source 34b has a high potential. Thereby, an electric field is generated between the opposing electrodes 33a, 33b, and the charged mixture is passed through a portion where the electric field is generated. Among the charged mixtures, the negatively charged PS sheet is sucked toward On the other hand, the ABS sheet with the positive alarm is sucked to the opposite electrode 33a on the low potential side. The PS sheet is sorted and recovered to the recovery box 35b on the high potential side, ABS sheet The recovery box 35a is classified and recovered on the low potential side. The configuration example of the apparatus for removing the bromine-containing plastic is the same as the configuration for removing the bromine-containing plastic according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the part is omitted. Explanation: Here, the specific gravity classification method of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is described in the description of 11 321640 201032909. The sixth figure shows the distribution of the majority of the plastics recovered in the market, pp • and PS/ABS. A graph of an example. The thick line indicates pp, and the thin line: indicates PS/ABS. In this example, the specific gravity of pp has a distribution centered on 〇. 9· The specific gravity of PS/ABS has a centering ratio of 1. 〇5 Distribution. Figure 7 is a graph showing the average bromine concentration in the plastic of this example relative to the specific gravity of the plastic. The thick line indicates that before removing the bromine-containing plastic, the thin line indicates that the bromine-containing plastic removal device of Figure 3 removes the bromine-containing plastic, and the dotted line indicates the target value. The target value is 300 ppm. This value is such that if the bromine concentration is less than 3〇〇ppm, then ❹ can guarantee that no matter which one of the r〇HS directives, the bromine-based flame retardant will not exceed 1 〇〇〇ppffl as a compound (in accordance with The value of the benchmark). In the curve before the removal of the bromine-containing plastic, the average bromine/length of the specific gravity of 1. 〇 to 丨.〇5 is mp mp than the south, and the average desert concentration above 1.1 is more than bromine. PS/ABS. Since the specific gravity of bromine is heavier than that of plastic, if it is added to plastic, the specific gravity of the plastic will become larger. The pp differentiated by the specific gravity classification of 1.0 is not more than 300 ppm even if the bromine-containing plastic is not removed. Although PS/ABS contains bromine-containing PP, it can be distinguished by electrostatic classification in the latter stage. In the above electrostatic classification, although the distinction between PS and ABS is mentioned, the PS after electrostatic classification contains bromine-containing PP. Since the charging characteristics of Ps and pp are different, PS and pp can be distinguished by further performing electrostatic classification. However, since bromine-containing PS/ABS cannot be distinguished by electrostatic classification, it is necessary to use a specific gravity classification to remove bromine-containing plastics without using the method of detecting deserts as shown in Fig. 3 to remove the plastic-containing method. When removing the bromine-containing plastic by specific gravity classification, refer to Figure 7. For example, the specific gravity of the specific gravity classification is set at 1.1. 321640 12 201032909 will be too large. The specific gravity threshold should be set to be smaller than 1.1, for example, At - L 07 to remove bromine containing plastic. On the other hand, when the presence of the odor is detected as shown in Fig. 3 to remove the varnish-containing plastic, since the bromine-containing PS/ABS can be distinguished in the latter stage, the specific gravity threshold can be made larger. . That is, what is the classification threshold for the second specific gravity classification of Embodiment 2? 2 Increase (1.1 in the example of the second embodiment) to reduce the amount of plastic removed by the second specific gravity classification. Fig. 8 is a graph showing the PP of the specific gravity classification and the horizontal axis, and the PP of the specific gravity classification and the recovery ratio of the PS/ABS. It is known from Fig. 8 that in PP, if the specific gravity threshold is set to 1 〇, the recovery rate is almost reached. On the other hand, in the case of PS/ABS, if the specific gravity margin « is also 1.1, the recovery rate is above 90%, which is compared with the specific gravity classification to remove the bromine-containing plastic and the specific gravity threshold. For example, in the case of 1〇7, there is an effect that the recovery rate can be greatly improved. The specific gravity threshold pi of the first specific gravity classification of only the forms 1 and 2 and the specific gravity threshold of the second specific gravity classification of only the mode 2 are determined in the following manner. As described in the embodiment, the plastic which is the main component (that is, the plastic to be distinguished) mixed in the mixed crushed plastic which has a different specific gravity distribution is firstly based on PP (polypropylene). The weight distribution of the class of the most important, 丨, (light) plastics is determined (1) the lightest plastic is the m" the fact that it is better has been explained in the implementation of the form 1 and the above = gland: owe, in terms of p2 'The glue that distinguishes it from the larger specific gravity (heavy) (it may also contain a plurality of plastics with a specific gravity value similar to P#ABS#) and 3 other filler materials (talc, clay, calcium carbonate, etc.), Material (breaking fiber), coloring agent (titanium oxide, etc.) plastic and metal, etc. 321640 13 201032909 The material specific gravity 'in the second specific gravity classification, not the area. The mixing ratio of the material of the knife object is predetermined or less. To decide to play. . . . The manufacturing method of the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
二:比重分類的比重臨限值，而能擴大區分對象物的： 重靶圍，且可提高符合肋肪的PP 實施形態3 M ABS的回收率。 ❺ 在上述實施形態中，已就關於再生塑膠之製造方法的 塑膠分類方法作了說明，惟透過將本發明實施形態3的塑 添/刀類裝置使用在上述實施形態中的塑勝分類方法，即使 在混合存在有厚度不同的混合破碎塑膠（由含漠塑膠盘不 含溴塑膠構成）之情形時，對各個破碎_(以 塑膠片）分別檢測出穿透過已藉由厚度分類手段做過厚^ ❿ 分類後的塑㈣之Χ，？透率，再㈣其檢測㈣穿透X 光之資料與厚度分類手段之厚度資料，依厚度分類來分類 塑，片’藉此可防止因塑踢片之厚度所引起的誤判，而即 使是具有各種厚度之塑膠片亦能高精確度地進行分類。因 此，可做更高精確度之分類，且透過適當地設定比重分類 的比重臨限值可擴大區分對象物的比重範圍，能更提高符 合RoHS的pp、pS、ABS的回收率。 使用弟9圖至第13圖說明實施本發明用的實施形態3 之塑膠分類裝置。在第9圖中’塑膠分類裝置5〇係構成為 具有：作為供給塑膠片51的供給裝置之供料器59 ;依各 厚度分類塑膠片51的厚度分類部52(即厚度分類手段）； 321640 14 201032909 搬還裝1之輪送帶53 ;將χ光照射至塑膠片5 χ 、飞射源54(即照射手段）；依厚度分類部52 #各厚坪 ,=照射X光的穿透率之Μ檢測器55(即檢測手段）= =分類部52的厚度資訊與檢測㈣^穿透率判別塑 =的判別裝置56(即判別部），·根據判別結果分離塑 φ 邱）.D此Γ屬於區分機構之空氣搶（☆ bl〇W)57(即分離 由空氣搶57所分離的塑膠片5]内含有預定值以 “白、塑膠片51a(亦有分類成不含漠塑黎之情形）之回 m5!a;以及回收含有較預定值多的漠之塑踢片 (亦有分類成含溴塑膠之情形）的回收容器娜。 古如第1〇圖所示’厚度分類部52係設在供料器59的 構成為具有：於長度方向與寬度方向具傾斜的滑道 卷βΓ月:構件)’分別形成在滑道61兩側的長度方向之側 U 用以分類塑廢片51的厚度之分類板63a、 b(即/刀類構件）；以及防止經厚度分類的塑膠月之混雜之 /刀隔板64a、64b(即分隔構件）。再者，滑道61雖為在長 向與寬度方向具傾斜者，但亦可為僅在長度方向具傾 斜者。 W 61係在長度方向中，於傾斜較高側具有塑谬供 給部61a，於傾斜較低側具有_排出部批，且於設在i 寬度方向_斜較低敎_咖黏 咖、咖之—端。如第心所示，分類板恤在朝 ㈣㈣㈣_延伸之同時’如第12圖所示，在其與滑 道61之間形成有使未達所期望厚度的塑膝片通過之通過 321640 15 201032909 v °卩65a、65b。該通過部65a的開口高度係作成比通過部65b . 尚，且在滑道61的寬度方向中設於傾斜較高侧。在此雖使 :用兩片分類板，但其片數並不受此限制，片數愈多愈可進 行更細的厚度分類。 於分類板63a、63b的另一端黏著或焊著有分隔板64a、 64b，且分隔板64a、64b係以不使經厚度分類的塑膠片51 再度雜在起之方式，連接在滑道61的斜面而向塑勝排 出部61b方向延伸。又，在滑道61設有將振動施加於y塑膠 ❿片51用的振動裝置（未圖示。雖無特別限定，但亦可使用 例如日本專利第3035280號所示之振動裝置）。再者，分隔 板64a、64b與分類板63a、63b雖為分別形成，但亦可由 -一片板子形成。 • 在厚度分類部52的下游側設有輸送帶53，在該輸送 可53的搬運路途中設有：將χ光照射至塑膠片之X光 照射源54;以及依經厚度分類的各厚度檢測所照射的又光 ❾中牙透該塑膠片51的X光之穿透率之χ光檢測器55。以 該X光檢測器55而言，雖使用可測量線内χ光強度分布的 X光線感測器’但亦可使用可測量線内或面内χ光強度分 f者（例如，Χ光影像增強器、X光CCD攝影機、X光閃爍 器、位置感度型比例計數管等）。 由X光檢測器55所檢測出的Χ光穿透率係與厚度分 類部52的厚度資訊（亦即形成在分類板63a、63b的通過部 65a、65卜之㈣口高度資訊）一起被傳送到根據該等資料進 行處理的屬於資料處理部之判別裝置56，並在判別裝置％ 321640 16 201032909 v 進行根據該厚彦眘3 •穿透率的比較1=_的取基準值與檢測出的又光 •難燃劑），並將立,士果作塑^…（含有預定值以下之漠類 空氣搶空氣搶57的控制信號而輪出。 置56接收的控制^ 53的終端部’對應從判別震 之漠類難燃劑）及夠離塑朦片❿（含有預定值以下 劑）之方喊土 有較預定值多的溴類難燃 "仃喷射。在被喷射的塑膠片51a、51b之落下 位置係設有依洛下 © 58a、58b 、、方向配置在前後或左右的回收容器 、，接著，針對動作進行說明。從供料器59被供給至滑 I 61的供、’、σ邛61a之具有各種厚度的塑膠片5ι(例如厚度 -〇. 5咖/以上3mm以下）係藉振動裝置透過滑道61被施加二 '動而形成散開的一層狀態，如第11圖的箭頭所示，一邊朝- 向塑膠片排出部61b移動於滑道61的斜面，一邊藉分類板 63a、63b進行厚度分類。 ❿ 如第12圖所示，例如將通過部65a、65b的高度從接 近α道61的供給部側分別設成2mm、imm時，塑膠片 51中厚度在〇.5mm欣土未達imm的塑膠片係通過通過部 65a、65b ’厚度1_以上未達2匪者雖通過通過部65a但 不會通過通過部65b，而厚度2mm以上3mm以下的塑膠片 51均不會通過通過部65a、65b。結果，塑膠片將依厚 度被分類成三種（厚度〇· 5mm以上未達lnnn、1mm以上未達 2mm、2mm以上3mm以卞）。 以如此方式依厚度被分類的三種塑膠月51係移動於 17 321640 201032909 v.由第13圖所示之各側壁62a、62b及分隔板64a、64b(厚 ‘ 度0· 5mm以上未達1丽者由側壁62b與分隔板64b ;厚度 :lmm以上未達2mm者由分隔板64a、64b;厚度2mm以上3mm 以下者由側壁62a與分隔板64a)所包圍的滑道61斜面， 並從塑膠片排出部61 b排出。之後，被排出的塑膠片51 係由輪送帶53予以搬運，並於通過X光照射源54之照射 區域時被照射X光。在被照射的X光中，穿透塑膠片5丄 的X光係依厚度分類部52的各厚度藉由X光檢測器55檢 ©測穿透#，並和檢測出穿透率的位置資訊一起被傳送至判 別裝置56。 在判別裝置56,係從以根據上述位置資訊的厚度資訊 -為依據所預先設定的X光穿透率中分別決定判定基準值， •並j比較該判定基準值與由X光檢測器55所檢測出的X 光牙透率後，若檢測出的X光穿透率在判定基準值以上時 判定為_片51a(含有預定㈣下的溴__)，若為 ❹未達判定基準值㈣定為塑膠片51b(含有較預定值多的 邊類難燃劑），並將控制信號傳送到空氣搶57。 當空氣搶57從判職置56接到控制信號時，被輸送 Γ搬運μ氣搶57喷射口之塑膠片㈣依據該控制信 ，而按經厚度區分之各厚度被機械性分離為塑膠片 51a(含有預定值以下的溴類 ’ 耵/吴頰難燃劑）及塑膠片51b(含有鮫 預疋值多的漠類難辦劑），廿八 ·、、、釗)並分別被回收到回收容器58a、 DOD ° 的判別 在此’使用第14圖詳細說明上述判別裝置％ 321640 18 201032909 方法。第14圖係顯示對應塑膠片厚度 先牙透率縣將穿透歸片前 ； 各試料的X光量予以規袼化之值）先里叹為而將穿透 為， ❹ =::r顯示含_增加，= 做為針對某财厚度歸片51之判定基準值者而 言’只要選擇在其厚度以下具有所期望的含填率者即可。 亦即、，在第14κ中，於判別厚度為05_以上未達_ -之含溴率在1質量％以下的塑膠片51a時，只要將厚度為 • 〇.5_含漠率在i質量％時的χ光穿透率設為到定基準值即 可。此情形時，預定厚度範圍（0 5mm以上未達lmm)的（含 溴率較1質量％高的）塑膠片51biX光穿透率必定在判定 ❿基準值以下’而能判別塑膠片5ia。 同樣地，對於塑膠片厚度lmm以上未達2咖、2mm以 上3_以下者，只要分別將判定基準值設定在厚度、 2mm含溴率為丨質量％的χ光穿透率即可。藉此，在判別裝 置56可依厚度分類的各厚度判別塑膠片51a、51b。 再者，於上述判定基準值使用含溴率為1質量％的χ光 穿透率的理由如下述。於調查經過習知技術的材質分類而 成為不符合R〇HS指令的再生樹脂時發現，分類後的每1〇〇〇 個塑膠片係以數個至20個左右的比率混入有含溴率超過j 321640 19 201032909 '該等塑膠片去除含漠率超過1質量％的 :二含，故在本實施形態中 咏枭里％的X光穿透率作為判定基準值。 類裝實施:^明的實施形態3之嶋 本夕人、、自* 圖所不之作為使用上述實施形態1的χ 合 9圖戶Γ—、謂t除法的具體例之裝置時的具體例。其與第 ;斤:塑膠分類裝置在基本結構本身並無不同，惟配 ❾ 且X光日H下述不I:將空氣搶57從打上式改為打下式， 的位置亦、、立置、X光檢測位置、及藉空氣搶57進行區分 的位置亦配置在輸送帶53後方。 51，之it?::態’按料分類具有各種厚度的塑膠片 測t穿ϋϋΓ’』膠# 51_Χ:^Χ對經分類的各厚度檢 為二後將該檢測出的Χ光穿透率與以厚度資訊 將含有y疋基車值作比較以進行判別，再根據判別結果 ❿ 夢 ^值以下㈣類難燃劑之塑勝片51a予以分類， 因塑…51之厚度引起的誤判，而能以高分類 質旦& 類。尤其’與漠類難燃劑之含有率低至10 判定的情形，由於使用根據 51。 準故分類料度分類塑膠片 厚度分類部52使用形成有使未達所期望厚度的塑膠 以簡單_轉進行且有各種^ 63a、63b’藉此能 類。W造容易進订具有各種厚度的塑膠片以之厚度分 32a 640 20 201032909 • 厚度分類部52係設成使滑道61朝長度方向及寬度方 、向傾斜，藉此使更多的塑膠片51散布於傾斜面並移動於滑 :道61上，因此可提高塑膠片5丨之厚度分類精確度。 透k在厚度分類部52设置振動裝置，使受到振動的 塑膠片51成為分散的一層狀態移動於滑道61上，故能進 一步提升塑膠片5]之厚度分類精確度。 透過在厚度分類部52的下游側設置分隔板64a、64b， 藉此防止業經厚度分類過的塑膠片51再度混雜在—起，而 ®能提升厚度分類精確度。 實施形態4 第15圖係顯示本發明厚度分類部之另一實施形態。在 '第15圖中，厚度分類部70係由：具有向長度方向及寬度 方向傾斜的第1滑道71a(即滑行構件）：設於第丨滑道71a 的長度方向之側面且於最高傾斜的位置具有供給塑膠片之 供給口 75(即供給部）之側壁72a ;與第【滑道71a相對向 ❹的對向板73 ;安裝於第1滑道71a的長度方向之傾斜低側 的第2滑道71 b;設於第2滑道71 b的長度方向之側面的側 壁72b;以及設於第2滑道71b的斜面依所分類的各厚度進 行塑膠片51分隔之分隔板74所構成。並且，在第1滑道 71a設有施加振動於塑膠片51的振動裝置（未圖示）。 對向板73的寬度方向之傾斜係較第1滑道71a大， 兩者之間形成有令未達所期望的厚度之塑膠片51通過的 通過部76 ’且對向板73係具有其寬度方向高度愈接近塑 膠片供給π 75處愈高之楔形形狀。又設在第2滑道71b 321640 201032909 I斜面的分隔板74係沿著該傾斜而延伸，用以防止於通過部 76經厚度分類的塑膠片51再度混雜在一起。 :一接著針對動作進行說明。從塑膠片供給口 75被供給 至第Ϊ滑道71a的具有各種厚度之塑膠片51係藉振動裝^ =第1滑道71a被施加振動而成為分散的—層狀態广再 、者开/成在通過。卩76寬度方向的楔形形狀，使厚度愈薄的 塑夥片51愈往傾斜低側移動。而且該塑膠片51在寬度方 ❹ 厚度順序排列之同時，分別沿著通過部76的傾ς往 弟2滑道71 b移動。 在第2滑道71b移動的塑膠片51係依據經分類 =圖^頭方向移動於由側壁72b及分隔板㈣圍住的 在之Μ ^續送帶53。排出至輸送帶53的塑膠片51 <、過程係以與實施形態1同樣之方式進行分類。 及寬==:=部；：，度方向 板73而於寬度方向形成 類严簡單構造容易分類塑膠片的厚度。而且，分 的零件數來對塑膠片51^_ 2㈣決疋，因此能以較少 實施形態5 J51如了多種厚度的分類。 態。：第 16二?叫發明之厚度分類部 度方=:傾圖斜中的^^ 滑道I的長度滑行構件）；設於第1 面且於最南傾斜的位置具有供給 321640 22 201032909 - 塑谬片51之供給口 85(即供給部）之侧壁82a;與第1滑道 - 81a相對向的對向板83 ;安裝於第1滑道81a的長度方向 ： 之傾斜低側的第2滑道81b ;設於第2滑道81b的長度方 向之侧面的侧壁82b ;以及設於第2滑道81b的斜面依所 分類的各厚度進行塑膠片51之分隔之分隔板84所構成。 並且，在第1滑道81a設有施加振動於塑膠片51的振動裝 置（未圖示）。 對向板83係於寬度方向具有階梯狀，並在其與第1 ®滑道81a之間形成有在接近塑膠片供給口 85側係形成較寬 之使未達所期望厚度的塑膠片51通過的通過部86。又設 在第2滑道81b斜面的分隔板84係沿著該傾斜而延伸，用 - 以防止於通過部86經厚度分類的塑膠片51再度混雜在一 . 起。 接著針對動作進行說明。從塑膠片供給口 85被供給 至第1滑道81a的具有各種厚度之塑膠片51係藉振動裝置 ©透過第1滑道81a被施加振動而成為分散的一層狀態，再 沿著形成在通過部86寬度方向的階梯狀，使厚度愈薄的塑 膠片51愈往傾斜低僻移動、。而.且該塑膠片51在寬度方向 中依段部的厚度順序排列之同時，分別沿著通過部86的傾 斜往第2滑道81b移動。 往第2滑道81b移動的塑膠片51係依據經分類的厚 度朝圖中箭頭方向移動於由侧壁82b及分隔板84所圍住的 斜面，再排出至输送帶5'3。排出至输送帶53的塑穆^片51 在之後的過程係以與實施形態1同樣之方式進行分類。 23 321640 201032909 ‘ :據本實施形態’厚度分類部δ〇係使用朝長度方向 ，^度方向傾斜的第1滑道81a、及與第i滑道81&相對 :向配置的對向板83而於寬度方向形成階梯狀的通過部 ’猎此能以簡單構造容易分類塑膠片的厚度。而且，分 類厚度的厚度係由通過部86的形狀來決定，因此能以較少 的零件數來對塑勝片51進行多種厚度的分類。 【圖式簡單說明】 帛1圖係本發明實施㈣丨的再生歸之製造方法的 第2圖係顯示實施依據本發明實施形態1及2之比重 分類步驟的浮沉分類裝置之結構圖。 - 帛3圖賴示藉本發明實施形態1及2來實施檢測溴 -之存^並去除含填塑膠的步驟之裝置結構圖。 、 、士第4圖係本發明實施形態2的再生塑膠之製造方法的 ^程圖。 ❹第5圖係顯示藉本發明實施形態2實施靜電分類步驟 的靜電分類裝置結構圖。 士第6圖係顯示混合破碎塑勝的PP、PS、ABS的比重分 布之一例圖。 ，7圖係本發明的製造方法的有效性之說明圖。 第8 ®Κτ、本發明的製造方法的有效性之說明圖。 第9圖係顯示本發明實施形態3的塑膠分類裝置之概Second, the proportion of the specific gravity classification is limited, and the object to be distinguished can be expanded: the target area can be increased, and the recovery rate of the 3 M ABS in accordance with the PP embodiment can be improved. In the above embodiment, the plastic sorting method for the method for producing a recycled plastic has been described. However, the plastic adding/knife device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is used in the plastic winning classification method according to the above embodiment. Even in the case where there is a mixture of mixed and broken plastics of different thickness (consisting of a bromine-containing plastic containing a desert plastic disk), it is detected that each of the broken _ (by plastic sheets) has been penetrated by thickness classification means. ^ Χ After the classification of plastic (four),? Permeability, and (4) its detection (4) the thickness data of the data and thickness classification method of penetrating X-rays, classifying the plastic according to the thickness classification, and the film 'to prevent misjudgment caused by the thickness of the plastic kick piece, even if it has Plastic sheets of various thicknesses can also be classified with high precision. Therefore, it is possible to classify higher-precision, and by appropriately setting the specific gravity threshold of the specific gravity classification, the specific gravity range of the object to be distinguished can be expanded, and the recovery rates of pp, pS, and ABS in accordance with RoHS can be further improved. The plastic sorting apparatus of the third embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described using the drawings 9 to 13. In Fig. 9, the 'plastic sorting device 5' is configured to have a feeder 59 as a supply device for supplying the plastic sheet 51; a thickness classifying portion 52 for classifying the plastic sheet 51 according to each thickness (i.e., a thickness sorting means); 321640 14 201032909 Reloading the wheel of the belt 1; illuminating the plastic sheet to the plastic sheet 5 χ, the flying source 54 (ie, the means of irradiation); according to the thickness classification section 52 # each thick ping, = the transmittance of the irradiated X-ray Then, the detector 55 (i.e., detecting means) = = the thickness information of the sorting unit 52 and the discriminating means 56 (i.e., the discriminating unit) for detecting (4) the penetration rate discriminating plastic =, and separating the plastic φ according to the discriminating result.空气The air robbing (☆ bl〇W) 57 belonging to the distinguishing mechanism (that is, the plastic sheet 5 separated by the air grab 57) contains a predetermined value to "white, plastic sheet 51a (also classified as not containing the desert plastic Li Zhi The case back to m5!a; and the recycling container containing more than the predetermined value of the desert plastic kick piece (also classified into the case of bromine-containing plastic). As shown in Fig. 1 'thickness classification part 52 The feeder 59 is configured to have a slide roll having a slope in the longitudinal direction and the width direction. Forming plates 63a, b (i.e., / knife members) for classifying the thickness of the plastic waste sheet 51 on the side U in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the chute 61, and a mixed plastic/knife for preventing the thickness classification by the thickness The partitions 64a and 64b (i.e., the partition members). Further, the slide 61 is inclined in the longitudinal direction and the width direction, but may be inclined only in the longitudinal direction. W 61 is in the longitudinal direction, The inclined higher side has a plastic supply portion 61a, and has a_discharge portion batch on the lower inclined side, and is disposed at the i-width direction _ obliquely lower 敎 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The classification shirt is formed at the same time as (four) (four) (four) _ extending as shown in Fig. 12, and a plastic knee piece having a desired thickness is passed between it and the slide 61 through the 321640 15 201032909 v ° 卩 65a, 65b The opening height of the passing portion 65a is formed to be larger than the passing portion 65b. In the width direction of the chute 61, it is provided on the side of the inclined higher side. Here, the two sheets are used, but the number of sheets is not Due to this limitation, the more the number of the sheets, the finer the thickness classification can be performed. The other end of the sorting plates 63a, 63b is adhered. The partition plates 64a and 64b are welded, and the partition plates 64a and 64b are connected to the inclined surface of the chute 61 so as to be in the direction of the plastic discharge portion 61b without causing the plastic sheet 51 classified by the thickness to be mixed again. Further, the slide 61 is provided with a vibration device for applying vibration to the y plastic cymbal 51 (not shown. Although not particularly limited, for example, a vibration device shown in Japanese Patent No. 3035280) may be used. Further, although the partition plates 64a and 64b and the sorting plates 63a and 63b are formed separately, they may be formed of one plate. • a conveyor belt 53 is provided on the downstream side of the thickness classifying unit 52, and an X-ray source 54 for illuminating the plastic sheet with the calendering is provided in the middle of the transport path 53; and thickness detection by thickness The pupil detector 55 of the X-ray transmittance of the plastic sheet 51 is irradiated by the pupil. In the X-ray detector 55, an X-ray sensor that can measure the intensity distribution of the in-line light intensity is used, but it is also possible to use a measurable in-line or in-plane light intensity (for example, a neon image). Enhancer, X-ray CCD camera, X-ray scintillator, position sensitivity type proportional counter tube, etc.). The pupil transmittance detected by the X-ray detector 55 is transmitted together with the thickness information of the thickness classifying portion 52 (i.e., the height information of the passage portions 65a, 65 formed on the sorting plates 63a, 63b). The discriminating device 56 belonging to the data processing unit that has been processed based on the data is subjected to the comparison device 1 321640 16 201032909 v, and the comparison value 1 = _ based on the thickening of the thickness is performed. Light • Flame retardant), and the vertical, the fruit is made of plastic ^... (The control signal containing the air of the pre-determined value of the air is grabbed by the air grab 57. The terminal of the control of the 56 received ^ 53 corresponds to It is difficult to distinguish the bromine-like flame retardant that is more than the predetermined value from the square of the plastic sputum sputum (the agent containing the predetermined value or less). At the position where the plastic sheets 51a and 51b to be ejected are dropped, a recovery container in which the front and rear sides or the left and right sides are arranged in the direction of the eluo is attached, and the operation is described. The plastic sheet 5 1 having various thicknesses (for example, thickness - 咖. 5 coffee / 3 mm or less) supplied from the feeder 59 to the supply I, ', σ 邛 61a of the slide I 61 is applied through the chute 61 by the vibration device. The second layer is formed in a state of being dispersed, and as shown by the arrow in Fig. 11, the plastic sheet discharge portion 61b is moved toward the slope of the slide 61, and the thickness is classified by the sorting plates 63a and 63b. ❿ As shown in Fig. 12, for example, when the height of the passing portions 65a and 65b is set to 2 mm and imm from the supply portion side close to the α-channel 61, the plastic sheet 51 has a thickness of 〇.5 mm and the soil is not up to imm. When the sheet passing through the passing portions 65a and 65b' has a thickness of 1 mm or more and less than 2 turns, the passing portion 65a does not pass through the passing portion 65b, and the plastic sheet 51 having a thickness of 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less does not pass through the passing portions 65a, 65b. . As a result, the plastic sheets are classified into three types according to the thickness (thickness 〇·5 mm or more, not up to lnnn, 1 mm or more, less than 2 mm, 2 mm or more, 3 mm or less). The three plastics 51 series classified according to the thickness in this manner are moved to 17 321 640 201032909 v. The side walls 62a, 62b and the partition plates 64a, 64b shown in Fig. 13 (thickness degrees 0·5 mm or more are not up to 1) The glaze is made of the side wall 62b and the partition plate 64b; the thickness: lmm or more is less than 2 mm by the partition plates 64a, 64b; and the thickness of 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less is inclined by the side surface 62a and the partition plate 64a). And discharged from the plastic sheet discharge portion 61 b. Thereafter, the discharged plastic sheet 51 is conveyed by the belt 53 and is irradiated with X-rays when passing through the irradiation region of the X-ray source 54. In the X-ray to be irradiated, the X-rays penetrating the plastic sheet 5丄 are detected by the X-ray detector 55 according to the thickness of the thickness classifying portion 52, and the position information of the transmittance is detected. They are transmitted together to the discriminating device 56. The discriminating unit 56 determines the determination reference value from the X-ray transmittance set in advance based on the thickness information based on the position information, and compares the determination reference value with the X-ray detector 55. When the detected X-ray transmittance is above the determination reference value, it is determined as the _ sheet 51a (containing the bromine __ under the predetermined (four)), and if it is not the determination reference value (4) It is designated as a plastic sheet 51b (containing a side-class flame retardant having a larger predetermined value), and transmits a control signal to the air grab 57. When the air grab 57 receives the control signal from the command position 56, the plastic sheet that is transported to transport the gas jet 57 is injected (4) according to the control signal, and the thickness is mechanically separated into plastic sheets 51a according to the thickness. (containing bromines below the predetermined value, 耵/Wubu flame retardant) and plastic sheet 51b (containing indifferent refractory agents with a large amount of 鲛 pre-depreciation), 廿八·, 、, 钊) and recycled to recycling The determination of the containers 58a and DOD ° is described in detail above using the method of the discriminating device % 321640 18 201032909. Figure 14 shows that the corresponding plastic sheet thickness will be penetrated before the county will pass through the film; the X-ray quantity of each sample will be normalized.) The first sigh will be penetrated, and the ❹ =::r display will contain _Increase, = As the judgment reference value for a certain thickness thickness morphing film 51, it is only necessary to select a desired filling rate below its thickness. In other words, in the 14th κ, when the plastic sheet 51a having a bromine content of 1% by mass or less is determined to have a thickness of 05 Å or more, the thickness is •.5 _ The light transmittance at the time of % is set to a predetermined reference value. In this case, the plastic film 51biX light transmittance of the predetermined thickness range (0 5 mm or more and less than 1 mm) (the bromine ratio is higher than 1% by mass) must be below the determination ❿ reference value to discriminate the plastic sheet 5ia. Similarly, in the case where the thickness of the plastic sheet is less than 2 mm and not more than 2 coffee, and 2 mm or more and 3 or less, the determination reference value may be set to a thickness of 2 mm and a bromine ratio of mm mass% of 2 mm. Thereby, the plastic sheets 51a and 51b are discriminated by the discriminating means 56 in accordance with the respective thicknesses classified by the thickness. Further, the reason why the calendering ratio of the bromine-containing ratio of 1% by mass is used for the above-mentioned determination reference value is as follows. When investigating the recycled resin that did not comply with the R〇HS Directive, it was found that each of the plastic sheets after sorting was mixed in a ratio of several to about 20 with a bromine-containing ratio exceeding j 321640 19 201032909 'These plastic sheets are removed from the moisture content of more than 1% by mass: the second content. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the X-ray transmittance of % is used as the determination reference value. The following is a specific example of the case where the device of the specific example of the above-described first embodiment is used. It is the same as the first; jin: the plastic sorting device is not different in the basic structure itself, but it is equipped with ❾ and X-ray H is not the following I: the air is grabbed from the hit type to the hit type, the position is also, standing, The X-ray detection position and the position differentiated by the air grab 57 are also disposed behind the conveyor belt 53. 51, it??:: state 'materials with various thicknesses of plastic sheet test t wear ϋϋΓ '』胶# 51_Χ: ^ Χ 经 Χ 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 经 穿透 穿透It is compared with the thickness information to include the y 疋 based vehicle value for discriminating, and then classified according to the discriminating result ❿ dream value below (4) class of flame retardant plastic film 51a, due to the misjudgment caused by the thickness of the plastic 51 Can classify high quality & In particular, the case where the content rate of the inferior flame retardant is as low as 10 is determined by the use of 51. Accuracy classification classification material classification plastic sheet The thickness classification portion 52 is formed by using a plastic which is formed so that the desired thickness is not obtained, and has various types of elements 63a, 63b'. It is easy to order a plastic sheet having various thicknesses to have a thickness of 32a 640 20 201032909. The thickness classification portion 52 is provided such that the slide 61 is inclined in the longitudinal direction and the width direction, thereby making more plastic sheets 51. Spread on the inclined surface and move on the slide: the road 61, so that the thickness classification accuracy of the plastic sheet 5 can be improved. The vibrating means is provided in the thickness classifying portion 52, and the vibrating plastic sheet 51 is moved to the chute 61 in a state of being dispersed. Therefore, the thickness classification accuracy of the plastic sheet 5 can be further improved. By providing the partition plates 64a, 64b on the downstream side of the thickness classifying portion 52, the plastic sheets 51 classified by the thickness are prevented from being mixed again, and the thickness classification accuracy can be improved. Embodiment 4 Fig. 15 is a view showing another embodiment of the thickness classifying unit of the present invention. In the fifteenth diagram, the thickness classifying unit 70 includes a first chute 71a (i.e., a sliding member) that is inclined in the longitudinal direction and the width direction: a side surface provided in the longitudinal direction of the second chute 71a and inclined at the highest The position of the side wall 72a of the supply port 75 (i.e., the supply portion) to which the plastic sheet is supplied; the opposite side plate 73 facing the slide path 71a; and the lower side of the longitudinal direction of the first slide path 71a 2 slides 71 b; side walls 72 b provided on the side surfaces of the second slide 71 b in the longitudinal direction; and partition plates 74 provided on the slopes of the second slide 71 b by the plastic sheets 51 separated by the respective thicknesses Composition. Further, a vibration device (not shown) that applies vibration to the plastic sheet 51 is provided in the first slide 71a. The inclination of the opposing plate 73 in the width direction is larger than that of the first slide 71a, and a passing portion 76' for passing the plastic sheet 51 having a desired thickness is formed therebetween and the opposite plate 73 has a width thereof. The closer the direction height is, the higher the wedge shape of the plastic sheet is supplied at π 75 . The partition plate 74, which is further disposed on the second slide 71b 321640 201032909 I slope, extends along the inclination to prevent the plastic sheets 51 classified by the thickness of the passage portion 76 from being mixed again. : First, explain the action. The plastic sheet 51 having various thicknesses which are supplied from the plastic sheet supply port 75 to the second chute 71a is vibrated by the vibration device = the first chute 71a, and the layer is widened. Passed. The wedge shape in the width direction of the 卩 76 causes the thinner the plastic sheet 51 to move toward the lower side of the slanting side. Further, the plastic sheets 51 are moved along the slanting portion of the passage portion 76 while moving along the width of the passage portion 76, respectively. The plastic sheet 51 that has moved on the second slide 71b is moved in the direction of the heading = the head of the heading 72b and the partitioning plate (4). The plastic sheets 51 < and the processes discharged to the conveyor belt 53 are classified in the same manner as in the first embodiment. And the width ==:= part;:, the direction of the plate 73 and the width direction form a strict and simple structure to easily classify the thickness of the plastic sheet. Moreover, the number of parts is determined by the number of parts of the plastic sheet 51^_ 2(4), so that it can be classified into a plurality of thicknesses in a lesser form of the form 5 J51. state. : No. 16: The invention is called the thickness classification section of the invention =: the length of the slideway I ^ slide length I slide member); is located on the first side and has the supply at the most south inclined position 321640 22 201032909 - plastic The side wall 82a of the supply port 85 (i.e., the supply portion) of the cymbal 51; the opposite plate 83 facing the first chute - 81a; the longitudinal direction of the first chute 81a: the second side of the inclined lower side The slide rail 81b; the side wall 82b provided on the side surface in the longitudinal direction of the second slide 81b; and the partition plate 84 provided on the slope of the second slide 81b to separate the plastic sheets 51 according to the respective thicknesses classified . Further, a vibration device (not shown) that applies vibration to the plastic sheet 51 is provided on the first slide 81a. The opposing plate 83 has a stepped shape in the width direction, and a plastic sheet 51 which is formed to be wider near the side of the plastic sheet supply opening 85 so as not to have a desired thickness is formed between the opposing plate 81 and the first ® slide 81a. Passing section 86. Further, the partitioning plate 84 provided on the slope of the second chute 81b extends along the inclination, and is prevented from being mixed again by the plastic sheet 51 classified by the thickness of the passing portion 86. Next, the action will be described. The plastic sheet 51 having various thicknesses which are supplied from the plastic sheet supply port 85 to the first slide 81a is vibrated by the vibrating device © through the first chute 81a to be dispersed, and is formed along the passing portion. 86 stepped in the width direction, so that the thinner plastic sheet 51 is more inclined and moved. Further, the plastic sheets 51 are arranged in the order of the thickness of the segments in the width direction, and are respectively moved along the inclination of the passing portion 86 toward the second chute 81b. The plastic sheet 51 moving toward the second chute 81b is moved to the inclined surface surrounded by the side wall 82b and the partitioning plate 84 in accordance with the classified thickness in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and is discharged to the conveying belt 5'3. The plastic film 51 discharged to the conveyor belt 53 is classified in the same manner as in the first embodiment. 23 321 640 201032909 ' : According to the present embodiment, the thickness classification unit δ 使用 uses the first slide 81 a that is inclined in the longitudinal direction, and the first slide 81 a that faces the i-th slide 81 & Forming a stepped passage portion in the width direction allows the thickness of the plastic sheet to be easily classified in a simple configuration. Moreover, the thickness of the classified thickness is determined by the shape of the passing portion 86, so that the plastic sheet 51 can be classified into various thicknesses with a small number of parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2 is a structural view showing a floating-sink sorting apparatus for carrying out the specific gravity sorting steps according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention. FIG. - Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of the step of detecting the bromine-containing and removing the plastic-containing material by the first and second embodiments of the present invention. And Fig. 4 is a view showing a method of manufacturing a reclaimed plastic according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the configuration of an electrostatic classification apparatus which performs the electrostatic classification step in the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 shows an example of the specific gravity distribution of PP, PS, and ABS mixed and broken. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the effectiveness of the manufacturing method of the present invention. An explanation of the effectiveness of the eighth ® τ and the manufacturing method of the present invention. Figure 9 is a schematic view showing a plastic sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
w圖n第1圖所示塑谬的分類裝置之厚度分 24 321640 201032909 類部的斜視圖。 f 11圖係第9圖所示厚度分類部的俯視圖。 第12圖係第11圖的A-A線之剖面圖。 第13圖係第11圖的B—β線之剖面圖。 第14圖係顯示本發明實施形態3的X光穿 虚 膠片之厚度的關係之曲線圖。 〃 第15圖係顯示本發明實施形態4之塑膠分類裝置的 厚度分類部的斜視圖。 、 ^第16圖係顯示本發明實施形態5的塑膠分類裝置之 厚度分類部的斜視圖。 置♦第17圖係顯示使用本發明實施形態3的塑膠分类員f 焉知檢測溴之存在並去除含溴的塑膠的步驟之裝置纟士 ® "t專 t要TL件符號說明】 1 定量供給裝置 3 攪拌槳 5a'5b 螺旋輸送機 7 設有泵的槽 2 6a > 6b 浮沉水槽 振動篩 排出π 8 9 混合破碎塑膠片 液體媒體 的流向 10 11 12 21 22a 液體媒體與沉澱物的流向 沉澱物的流向 13 搬運裝置 22 含溴塑膠 22b 浮上分類物流向 回收液體媒體的流程 破碎塑膠 不含溴塑膠 25 321640 201032909 23 供給裝置 24 X光管球 25 X光檢測器 26 資料處理部 27 區分機構 28 含溴塑膠收納箱 29 不含溴塑膠收納箱 30 定量供給裝置 31 摩擦帶電筒 32 電場投入裝置 33a、 3 3 b 相對向電極 34a、 34b 電源 35a、35b 回收箱 40 PS片與ABS片的混合物 © 50 塑膠分類裝置 51 塑膠片 51a 含有預定值以下溴的塑膠片 51b 含有較預定值多的溴之塑膠片 52 厚度分類部 53 輸送帶 54 X光照射源 55 X光檢測器 56 判別裝置 57 空氣槍 58a 回收容器 58b 回收容器 59 供料器 61 滑道 61a 塑膠供給部 61b 塑膠排出部 62a、62b 側壁 63a 、63b 分類板 64a、64b 分隔板 65a 、65b 通過部 70、80 厚度分類部 71a 、81a 第1滑道 71b、81b 第2滑道 72a 、82a 側壁 72b、82b 側壁 73 > 83 對向板 7 4、8 4 分隔板 75、 85 供給口 76、86 通過部 26 321640w Figure n Figure 1 shows the thickness of the plasticizing device. 24 321640 201032909 Oblique view of the class. Fig. 11 is a plan view of the thickness classifying portion shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 11. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the B-β line of Fig. 11. Fig. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the X-ray transmissive film of the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a perspective view showing a thickness classifying portion of the plastic sorting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a thickness classifying portion of the plastic sorting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a view showing a step of using the plastic classifier f of the third embodiment of the present invention to detect the presence of bromine and removing the bromine-containing plastic. The gentleman® "t special t TL symbol description] 1 Quantification Supply device 3 agitating paddle 5a'5b screw conveyor 7 with pump slot 2 6a > 6b floating sink sink vibrating screen discharge π 8 9 mixed broken plastic sheet liquid media flow direction 10 11 12 21 22a liquid media and sediment flow direction The flow direction of the sediment 13 The handling device 22 The bromine-containing plastic 22b The process of floating the classified stream to the recovered liquid medium The broken plastic bromine-free plastic 25 321640 201032909 23 Supply device 24 X-ray tube 25 X-ray detector 26 Data processing unit 27 Division 28 Brominated plastic storage box 29 Bromine-free plastic storage box 30 Dosing device 31 Frictional electrification 32 Electric field input device 33a, 3 3 b Counter electrode 34a, 34b Power supply 35a, 35b Recycling box 40 Mixture of PS sheet and ABS sheet © 50 Plastic sorting device 51 Plastic sheet 51a Plastic sheet 51b containing bromine below a predetermined value Plastic sheet 52 containing more bromine than the predetermined value Thickness classification section 53 Conveyor belt 54 X-ray illumination source 55 X-ray detector 56 Discriminating device 57 Air gun 58a Recovery container 58b Recovery container 59 Feeder 61 Slide 61a Plastic supply portion 61b Plastic discharge portion 62a, 62b Side walls 63a, 63b Classification plate 64a, 64b partition plates 65a, 65b passage portions 70, 80 thickness classification portions 71a, 81a first slide passages 71b, 81b second slide passages 72a, 82a side walls 72b, 82b side walls 73 > 83 opposite plates 7 4, 8 4 Separator 75, 85 supply port 76, 86 passage portion 26 321640