CN114714542B - Scrapped automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation - Google Patents
Scrapped automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114714542B CN114714542B CN202210232357.7A CN202210232357A CN114714542B CN 114714542 B CN114714542 B CN 114714542B CN 202210232357 A CN202210232357 A CN 202210232357A CN 114714542 B CN114714542 B CN 114714542B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0203—Separating plastics from plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
- B29B2017/0244—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
- B29B2017/0272—Magnetic separation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile scrapping, in particular to a scrapped automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation, which comprises the following steps of S1, placing metal plastic mixed residues of scrapped automobiles into a pretreatment module for sorting and collecting the plastic residues; s2, conveying the residues to a verification module for metal verification; s3, conveying the verified plastic residues into a sorting module to sort the plastic types according to the density; and S4, performing harmless treatment or recycling on the plastic residues sorted according to the categories according to a preset treatment mode. The method disclosed by the invention effectively realizes the collection and utilization of the plastic residues in the scraped car residues by sorting the plastic residues in the scraped car residues step by step to separate the metal residues in the scraped car residues, and sorting the plastic residues in different densities by a sorting module to sort, collect and correspondingly process the plastic residues.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile scrap recovery, in particular to a scrap automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation.
Background
At present, the quantity of automobiles kept in China is increasing day by day, and reports show that in 2020, the quantity of automobiles kept in China reaches 3.72 million, wherein 2.81 million automobiles are scrapped, and the weight of the scrapped automobiles is more than 2800 million tons according to about 7 percent of scrapped quantity per year. For the increasingly serious automobile scrapping problem, the automobile scrapping recovery technology and the scrapped automobile resource recycling technology are important subjects in the automobile scrapping field by combining the global requirements of environmental protection and energy conservation.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN201810892113.5 discloses a scraped car recycling method, which comprises the following steps: cleaning the scraped car, discharging oil and detonating an air bag; conveying the automobile to a manual disassembling station for disassembling and classifying, wherein the automobile is respectively a metal part, a plastic part and a metal-plastic composite part; the metal plastic composite parts are sorted by a metal plastic sorting device, so that the metal and the plastic are separately collected; and adding a modifier to the disassembled polypropylene plastic part, and melting and granulating to manufacture the plastic part of the automobile.
Therefore, when the separation of metal and plastic in the scrapped automobile parts is realized, the degree of breakage of the automobile parts cannot be adjusted, whether a part of metal products are contained in the separated plastic residues cannot be detected, and the material and the type of the metal of the plastic cannot be clearly classified. Because there are many kinds of metal plastic composite products in the car, its metal type and plastics kind are different, separate the metal part that can't separate the plastic residue completely in the single time at the same time, adopt this kind of technique can lead to many kinds of plastics to mix there is performance poor in the melting granulation process, or the metal can't classify the harmful metal that causes and precious metal mixes and deposits the problem that causes the resource pollution or waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a scrap automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation, which is used for overcoming the problem that plastic residues and metal residues in automobile residues cannot be completely separated in the prior art, and optimizing the classified collection of the plastic residues to enable the scrap automobile residues to be recycled more specifically.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for harmless treatment of scraped car residues based on residue separation, which comprises the following steps,
s1, placing metal plastic mixed residues of a scrapped automobile into a pretreatment module for sorting and collecting plastic residues in the metal plastic mixed residues;
s2, conveying the residues to a verification module for metal verification;
s3, conveying the verified plastic residues into a sorting module to sort the plastic types according to the density;
and S4, performing harmless treatment or recycling on the plastic residues sorted according to the categories according to a preset treatment mode.
The invention discloses a scrap automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation, which separates metal residues in scrap automobile residues by sorting the plastic residues in the scrap automobile residues step by step to obtain plastic residues without metals, and performs density sorting by a sorting module to classify and collect the plastic residues with different densities and perform corresponding treatment.
Further, the pretreatment module comprises a magnetic separation module for separating and collecting ferromagnetic metal in the scraped car residues, and a buoyancy separation module for separating and collecting metal residues and plastic residues in the scraped car residues;
in the step s1, the pre-processing module is operative to preliminarily divide the scraped car residues into ferromagnetic metal residues, nonmagnetic metal residues and plastic residues and collect the plastic residues for subsequent classification, and includes the following steps,
step s11, the pretreatment module conveys the scraped car residues to a magnetic separation module, the magnetic separation module separates ferromagnetic metal residues in the car residues to a first residue collection area and conveys the residual residues to a buoyancy separation module;
step s12, the preprocessing module conveys the scraped car residues to a buoyancy separation module so as to separate the car residues into metal residues and plastic residues, the metal residues are collected in a second residue collecting region, and the plastic residues are collected in a third residue collecting region;
and step s13, packing the first residue collection area and the second residue collection area by the pretreatment module, and conveying the scraped car residues in the third residue collection area to a sorting module.
Further, in the step s11, the preprocessing module inputs the placed scraped car residues to the magnetic separation module, the preprocessing module controls the magnetic separation module to work and judges whether residues are not collected by the first residue collecting region of the magnetic separation module, if yes, the step s12 is executed, the residual residues which are not collected by the first residue collecting region are transmitted to the buoyancy separation module, and if not, the step s10 is executed, and the preprocessing module is ended.
Further, in the step s12, the preprocessing module inputs the scraped car residues into the buoyancy separation module, the preprocessing module controls the buoyancy separation module to work and judges whether residues are not collected by a third residue collection region of the buoyancy separation module, if yes, the step s13 is executed, and if not, the step s10 is executed, and the preprocessing module is finished.
Further, in the step s2, the verification module judges whether the residue needs to be re-crushed to separate the metal and the plastic according to whether the metal verification instrument recognizes the metal residue, if so, the verification module executes a step s21 to re-crush and separate the metal-containing residue to separate the residue into residue without metal; if not, executing step s22, and transmitting the residues to a sorting module for sorting the types;
in the step s2, the verification module controls the metal verification instrument to perform metal analysis on the conveyed scraped car residues, the metal verification instrument can obtain images of the residues through X-ray detection and identify metal shapes in the images, the verification module identifies the number of metal parts in the images of the residues and is marked as A, wherein A is not less than 0 and is an integer,
when A =0, the verification module judges that the residue does not contain metal, and executes the step s22;
and when A is larger than or equal to 1, the verification module judges that the residues contain metal, and the step s21 is executed.
Further, in the step s21, the verification module controls the image processing module to identify the number of the metal parts in the residue image identified by the metal verification instrument and position the position coordinates of the metal parts in the image, the verification unit controls the manipulator to grab the residues according to the positioned position coordinates of the metal parts and collect the residues to the to-be-crushed residue collecting region, the verification module conveys the to-be-crushed residues to the crushing module to be crushed and judges whether the residual residues contain metals again, and if yes, the step s21 is executed; if not, the step s22 is executed.
Further, in the step s21, the certification module controls the image processing module to recognize the number of metal parts in the image of the automobile residue and determine the length of each metal part in the image, and the certification module determines the degree of breakage of the metal-containing residue according to the determined length of the metal in the residue to separate the metal-containing residue into metal residue and plastic residue;
the image processing module is set to determine the length of the ith metal part in the A metal parts in the image to be Li, wherein i =1, \8230;, A, li > 0, the verification module judges the minimum length in the A lengths and marks the minimum length as Lmin, and the verification module transmits the minimum length to the crushing module to determine the crushing degree of the metal-containing residues.
Further, in the step s21, the crushing module determines the crushing degree of the residue through the length data of the metal in the residue recognized by the verification module, and when the crushing module receives the minimum length data Lmin transmitted by the verification module, the crushing module adjusts the distance between the crushing teeth of the crushing module according to the Lmin so as to separate the metal from the plastic of the metal-containing residue;
the crushing module is provided with a preset first crushing tooth spacing L1, a preset second crushing tooth spacing L2, a preset third crushing tooth spacing L3 and a preset fourth crushing tooth spacing L4, wherein L1 is more than L2, more than L3, more than L4 is more than 0,
when Lmin is larger than L1, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset first crushing tooth distance L1;
when L2 is larger than Lmin and smaller than or equal to L1, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset second crushing tooth distance L2;
when L3 is larger than Lmin and smaller than or equal to L2, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset third crushing tooth distance L3;
and when Lmin is less than or equal to L3, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset fourth crushing tooth distance L4.
Further, in the step s21, the verification module is further provided with a minimum residue crushing length Lmin0, where Lmin0 > L4 > 0, and when the verification module determines that the minimum length of the a lengths is Lmin,
if the Lmin is more than or equal to the Lmin0, the verification module judges to continue to execute the step s21;
and if the Lmin is less than the Lmin0, the verification module judges that the small residues which cannot be broken exist, and then the step s23 is skipped to, and the small residues are collected to a scrapped area.
Further, in the step s3, the sorting module separates plastic residues with different densities by performing density analysis on the plastic residues and adjusting the density of the sorting solution pool, and the sorting step of the plastic residues comprises,
step s31, weighing preset weight of plastic residues, and sending the plastic residues into a density tester to detect the density;
step s32, selecting the solution density of the sorting solution pool;
step s33, conveying the plastic residues to a sorting solution pool for density sorting;
and step s34, cleaning and drying the sorted plastic residues.
Further, in the step s31, the sorting module controls the solid density meter to select plastic residues with preset components according to preset logic for density detection, and the sorting module records the measured maximum plastic residue density as ρ max and the measured minimum plastic residue density as ρ min, where ρ max > ρ min > 0.
Further, in the step s32, the sorting module is used for determining solution density selection for the sorting solution pool according to the density of the plastic residue detected by the densitometer so as to separate and sort the plastic residue with different densities through the sorting solution pool;
the sorting module is preset with a preset first solution standard concentration rho 10, a preset second solution standard concentration rho 20 and a preset third solution standard concentration rho 30, wherein rho 10 is more than 0 and rho 20 is more than rho 30,
when rho 10 is larger than rho min and is not larger than rho 20, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a first solution standard concentration rho 10 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
when rho 20 is larger than rho min and is not larger than rho 30, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a second solution standard concentration rho 20 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
when rho min is larger than rho 30, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a third solution standard concentration rho 30 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
and when rho min is less than or equal to rho 10, the sorting module judges that the plastic product is a single component, and the step s34 is skipped.
Further, in the step s33, the sorting solution pool sorts the plastic residues in such a manner that plastic residues with different densities are separated to the bottom and the upper parts of the liquid surface of the sorting solution pool by injecting the plastic residues into the sorting solution pool with a set density and by gradually increasing the concentration of the solution pool,
the sorting module is set with a preset unit sorting solution concentration increase rho, wherein rho is more than 0, when the sorting solution is injected into the sorting solution tank, the sorting module puts plastic residues into the sorting solution tank, the sorting module judges whether plastic residues float on the upper part of the page of the sorting solution tank, if so, step s331 is executed, the residues floating on the liquid surface are collected and packed, and the concentration value of the sorting solution at the moment is recorded as the residue type; if not, skipping to step s330, identifying whether plastic residues exist at the bottom of the sorting solution pool or not by the sorting module, if so, executing step s332, adjusting the concentration of the sorting solution pool by the sorting module, otherwise, skipping to step s333, and judging that the residues are sorted.
Further, in the step s332, the sorting module increases the solubility of the sorting solution pool by increasing the concentration increase Δ ρ of the preset unit of the sorting solution and judges whether plastic residues float on the upper portion of the page of the sorting solution pool, and if so, the step s331 is executed; if not, jumping to the step s330;
the concentration increase of the preset unit sorting solution is equal to (ρ max- ρ min)/3, and the sorting adjustment amount is effective after the concentration increase of the preset unit sorting solution is increased by Δ.
Further, in the step s34, the sorting module sequentially cleans and dries the sorted plastics to be stored as raw materials of recycled plastics.
Further, in the step s4, the classified recycling and processing of the stored plastic includes,
the first treatment mode is that the plastic residues are crushed into plastic granules again to be used as plastic raw materials or ingredients;
a second treatment mode, adding the plastic residue into a modifier for remelting to prepare modified plastic serving as a raw material or ingredient;
and a third treatment mode, naturally digesting the plastic residues.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the plastic residues in the scraped car residues are sorted step by step to separate the metal residues from the scraped car residues, so that the plastic residues without metal are obtained, the separated plastic residues are effectively ensured not to contain metal components, and the plastic residues are effectively classified in the follow-up process.
Furthermore, the method of the invention classifies the plastic residues into different plastic types through physical characteristics with different densities by the sorting module, thereby effectively ensuring that the plastic residues can be effectively classified, effectively ensuring that the plastic residues can be effectively identified when the plastic residues are selected for use by identifying the densities of the different plastic residues, and ensuring that the plastic residues cannot be confused to cause classification failure by identifying.
Furthermore, the method disclosed by the invention adopts a mode of adjusting the concentration of the sorting solution to sort the plastic residues, the sorting solution can be recycled and can be prepared, and the characteristics of environmental protection and resource saving of the sorting mode of the method disclosed by the invention are further effectively ensured.
Furthermore, the method disclosed by the invention adopts an imaging processing means in the process of judging whether the residues contain metals and processing the metal-containing residues, so that the imaging can effectively identify the tiny metal residues in the residues, and the fine sorting of the plastic residues is effectively ensured to have pertinence.
Furthermore, the method can select the crushing degree in a targeted manner according to the size of the metal-containing part when the metal-containing plastic residues are crushed, effectively ensures that the metal residues and the plastic residues can be separated after crushing, ensures the recovery efficiency of collecting the plastic residues, and further ensures that the plastic and the metal can be completely separated.
Furthermore, the method provides a treatment method after plastic residue sorting, so that the method can select required plastic residues according to different requirements after plastic residues are classified, and the effectiveness and the practicability of the method are further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the processing steps of the method for harmless treatment of scraped car residues based on residue separation in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, there are shown the steps of the method for harmless treatment of scraped car residues based on residue separation according to the present invention, including,
s1, placing metal plastic mixed residues of a scrapped automobile into a pretreatment module for sorting and collecting plastic residues in the metal plastic mixed residues;
s2, conveying the residues to a verification module for metal verification;
s3, conveying the verified plastic residues into a sorting module to sort the plastic types according to the density;
and S4, performing harmless treatment or recycling on the plastic residues sorted according to the categories according to a preset treatment mode.
The invention discloses a scrap automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation, which separates metal residues in scrap automobile residues by sorting the plastic residues in the scrap automobile residues step by step to obtain plastic residues without metals, and performs density sorting by a sorting module to classify and collect the plastic residues with different densities and perform corresponding treatment.
Specifically, the pretreatment module comprises a magnetic separation module for separating and collecting ferromagnetic metal in the scraped car residues, and a buoyancy separation module for separating and collecting metal residues and plastic residues in the scraped car residues;
in the step s1, the pre-processing module is operative to preliminarily divide the scraped car residues into ferromagnetic metal residues, nonmagnetic metal residues and plastic residues and collect the plastic residues for subsequent classification, and includes the following steps,
step s11, the pretreatment module conveys the scraped car residues to a magnetic separation module, the magnetic separation module separates ferromagnetic metal residues in the car residues to a first residue collection area and conveys the residual residues to a buoyancy separation module;
step s12, the preprocessing module conveys the scraped car residues to a buoyancy separation module so as to separate the car residues into metal residues and plastic residues, the metal residues are collected in a second residue collecting region, and the plastic residues are collected in a third residue collecting region;
and step s13, the pretreatment module packs the scraped car residues in the first residue collection area and the second residue collection area and conveys the scraped car residues in the third residue collection area to a sorting module.
According to the method, the plastic residues in the scraped car residues are sorted step by step to separate the metal residues in the scraped car residues, so that the plastic residues without metals are obtained, the separated plastic residues are effectively ensured not to contain metal components, and the plastic residues are effectively classified in the follow-up process.
Specifically, in the step s11, the preprocessing module inputs the placed scraped car residues to the magnetic separation module, the preprocessing module controls the magnetic separation module to work and judges whether residues are not collected by the first residue collecting region of the magnetic separation module, if yes, the step s12 is executed, the residual residues which are not collected by the first residue collecting region are transmitted to the buoyancy separation module, and if not, the step s10 is executed, and the preprocessing module is ended to work.
In the step s12, the preprocessing module inputs the scraped car residues into the buoyancy separation module, the preprocessing module controls the buoyancy separation module to work and judges whether residues are not collected by a third residue collecting region of the buoyancy separation module, if yes, the step s13 is executed, and if not, the step s10 is executed, and the preprocessing module is finished.
Specifically, in the step s2, the verification module judges whether the residue needs to be re-crushed to separate the metal and the plastic according to whether the metal detector identifies the metal residue, if so, the verification module executes the step s21 to re-crush and separate the metal-containing residue to separate the residue into the residue without the metal; if not, step s22 is executed to transmit the residue to the sorting module for sorting the types.
Specifically, in the step s2, the verification module controls the metal verification instrument to perform metal analysis on the conveyed scraped car residues, the metal verification instrument can obtain images of the residues through x-ray detection and identify metal shapes in the images, the verification module identifies the number of metal parts in the images of the residues and is marked as A, wherein A is not less than 0 and is an integer,
when A =0, the verification module judges that the residue does not contain metal, and executes the step s22;
and when A is larger than or equal to 1, the verification module judges that the residues contain metal, and the step s21 is executed.
Specifically, in the step s21, the verification module controls the image processing module to count the number of metal parts in the residue image identified by the metal calibrator and locate the position coordinates of the metal parts in the image, the verification unit controls the manipulator to grab and collect the residue to the to-be-crushed residue collection region according to the located position coordinates of the metal parts, the verification module conveys the to-be-crushed residue to the crushing module to be crushed and judges whether the residual residue contains metal again, and if yes, the step s21 is executed; if not, go to step s22.
Those skilled in the art can understand that the setting positions of the metal verification instrument and the image processing module in the embodiment can be set according to actual structures and shapes, and only the metal image information and the metal length data in the identification image need to be acquired, and as for which type of metal verification instrument and image processing means are adopted, the determination can be performed according to actual use environments and specific scene needs.
According to the method, the plastic residues are classified into different plastic types through the physical characteristics of different densities through the sorting module, so that the plastic residues can be effectively classified, the required plastic residues can be effectively identified when the plastic residues are selected for use through identifying the densities of the different plastic residues, and the condition that the plastic residues are not mixed up to cause classification failure is ensured through identifying.
Specifically, in the step s21, the certification module controls the image processing module to recognize the number of metal parts in the image of the automobile residue and to measure the length of each metal part in the image, and the certification module determines the degree of breakage of the metal-containing residue according to the measured length of the metal in the residue to separate the metal-containing residue into metal residue and plastic residue;
the method comprises the steps of setting the length of the ith metal part in A metal parts in an image measured by the image processing module to be Li, wherein i =1, \8230;, A, li > 0, judging the minimum length in A lengths by the verification module and marking the minimum length as Lmin, and transmitting the minimum length to the crushing module by the verification module to determine the crushing degree of metal-containing residues.
Specifically, in the step s21, the crushing module determines the crushing degree of the residue through the metal length data in the residue recognized by the verification module, and when the crushing module receives the minimum length data Lmin transmitted by the verification module, the crushing module adjusts the distance between the crushing teeth of the crushing module according to Lmin to separate metal from plastic in the metal-containing residue;
the crushing module is provided with a preset first crushing tooth spacing L1, a preset second crushing tooth spacing L2, a preset third crushing tooth spacing L3 and a preset fourth crushing tooth spacing L4, wherein L1 is more than L2, more than L3, more than L4 is more than 0,
when Lmin is larger than L1, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset first crushing tooth distance L1;
when L2 is larger than Lmin and smaller than or equal to L1, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset second crushing tooth distance L2;
when L3 is larger than Lmin and smaller than or equal to L2, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset third crushing tooth distance L3;
and when Lmin is less than or equal to L3, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth spacing to a preset fourth crushing tooth spacing L4.
Specifically, in the step s21, the certification module is further provided with a minimum residue crushing length Lmin0, where Lmin0 > L4 > 0, and when the certification module determines that the minimum length of the a lengths is Lmin,
if the Lmin is more than or equal to the Lmin0, the verification module judges to continue to execute the step s21;
and if the Lmin is less than the Lmin0, the verification module judges that the small residues which cannot be broken exist, and then the step s23 is skipped to, and the small residues are collected to a scrapped area.
It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the preset tooth distance length and the preset tooth distance number set in this embodiment may be set according to an actual structure, and may be determined according to an actual use environment and specific scene needs, as long as the solution described in this application can be implemented, and details of this application are not described again.
The method can specifically select the crushing degree according to the size of the metal-containing part when the metal-containing plastic residues are crushed, effectively ensures that the metal residues and the plastic residues can be separated after crushing, ensures the recovery efficiency of collecting the plastic residues, and further ensures that the plastic and the metal can be completely separated by the method.
Specifically, in the step s3, the sorting module separates plastic residues with different densities by performing density analysis on the plastic residues and adjusting the density of the sorting solution pool, and the sorting step of the plastic residues comprises,
step s31, weighing preset weight of plastic residues, and sending the plastic residues into a density tester to detect the density;
step s32, selecting the solution density of the sorting solution pool;
step s33, conveying the plastic residues to a sorting solution pool for density sorting;
and step s34, cleaning and drying the sorted plastic residues.
According to the method, the plastic residues are classified into different plastic types through the physical characteristics of different densities through the sorting module, so that the plastic residues can be effectively classified, the required plastic residues can be effectively identified when the plastic residues are selected for use through identifying the densities of the different plastic residues, and the condition that the plastic residues are not mixed up to cause classification failure is ensured through identifying.
Specifically, in step s31, the sorting module controls the solid density instrument to select the plastic residues with the preset components according to the preset logic for density detection, the preset logic may select the selection logic set by the random selection or reselection module, and the number of samples to be weighed and the number of times of detection for the residues with the preset components, which are not limited, as long as the functions of the samples can be achieved, and further description is omitted.
And the sorting module records the measured maximum plastic residue density as rho max and the measured minimum plastic residue density as rho min, wherein rho max is more than rho min and more than 0.
Specifically, in the step s32, the sorting module is used for determining solution density selection for the sorting solution pool according to the density of the plastic residues detected by the density determinator so as to separate and sort the plastic residues with different densities through the sorting solution pool;
the sorting module is preset with a preset first solution standard concentration rho 10, a preset second solution standard concentration rho 20 and a preset third solution standard concentration rho 30, wherein rho 10 is more than 0 and rho 20 is more than rho 30,
when rho 10 is larger than rho min and is not larger than rho 20, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a first solution standard concentration rho 10 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
when rho 20 is larger than rho min and is not larger than rho 30, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a second solution standard concentration rho 20 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
when rho min is larger than rho 30, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a third solution standard concentration rho 30 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
and when rho min is less than or equal to rho 10, the sorting module judges that the plastic product is a single component, and the step s34 is skipped.
Specifically, in the step s33, the sorting solution pool sorts the plastic residues in such a manner that the plastic residues with different densities are separated to the bottom and the upper parts of the liquid surface of the sorting solution pool by injecting the plastic residues into the sorting solution pool with a set density and by gradually increasing the concentration of the solution pool,
the sorting module is set with a preset unit sorting solution concentration increment Δ ρ, wherein Δ ρ is larger than 0, when the sorting solution is injected into the sorting solution pool, the sorting module puts plastic residues into the sorting solution pool, the sorting module judges whether plastic residues float on the upper part of a page of the sorting solution pool, if so, the step s331 is executed, the residues floating on the liquid surface are collected and packaged, and the concentration value of the sorting solution at the moment is recorded as the residue type; if not, skipping to step s330, identifying whether plastic residues exist at the bottom of the sorting solution pool or not by the sorting module, if so, executing step s332, adjusting the concentration of the sorting solution pool by the sorting module, otherwise, skipping to step s333, and judging that the residues are sorted.
Specifically, in the step s332, the sorting module increases the solubility of the sorting solution pool by increasing the concentration increment Δ ρ of the preset unit sorting solution and judges whether plastic residues float on the upper part of the page of the sorting solution pool, and if so, the step s331 is executed; if not, jumping to the step s330;
the preset unit sorting solution concentration increase is (rhomax-rhomin)/3, which is used for ensuring that the sorting adjustment amount is effective after the preset unit sorting solution concentration increase is increased.
The method disclosed by the invention is used for sorting the plastic residues by adjusting the concentration of the sorting solution, and the sorting solution can be recycled and can be prepared, so that the characteristics of environmental protection and resource saving of the sorting mode of the method are further effectively ensured.
Specifically, in the step s34, the sorting module sequentially cleans and dries the sorted plastics for storage as raw materials of recycled plastics.
Those skilled in the art can understand that various preset values and the number of the preset values set in the embodiment may be set according to actual structures and needs, and may be determined according to actual use environments and specific scene needs, which are not described in detail herein.
Specifically, in step s4, the classified type of recycling and processing of the stored plastic includes,
the first treatment mode is that the plastic residues are crushed into plastic granules again to be used as plastic raw materials or ingredients;
a second treatment mode, adding the plastic residues into a modifier for remelting to prepare modified plastics as raw materials or ingredients;
and a third treatment mode, naturally digesting the plastic residues.
The method provided by the invention provides a treatment method after plastic residue sorting, and further effectively ensures that the method can select required plastic residues according to different requirements after classifying the plastic residues, and further ensures the effectiveness and the practicability of the method.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for harmlessly treating scraped car residues based on residue separation is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1, putting metal plastic mixed residues of a scraped car into a pretreatment module for sorting and collecting plastic residues in the metal plastic mixed residues;
s2, conveying the residues to a verification module for metal verification;
s3, conveying the verified plastic residues into a sorting module to sort the plastic types according to the density;
s4, performing harmless treatment or recycling on the plastic residues sorted according to the categories according to a preset treatment mode;
in the step s2, the verification module judges whether the residue needs to be re-crushed to separate metal and plastic in the residue according to whether the metal detector identifies the metal residue, if so, the step s21 is executed to determine the length of the metal in the residue and position and grab the metal-containing residue to crush and separate the metal-containing residue; if not, executing step s22, and transmitting the residues to a sorting module for sorting the types;
in the step s21, the crushing module determines the crushing degree of the residues through the length data of the metal in the residues identified by the verification module, and when the crushing module receives the minimum length data Lmin transmitted by the verification module, the crushing module adjusts the distance between the crushing teeth of the crushing module according to the Lmin so as to separate the metal-containing residues from the plastic;
the crushing module is provided with a preset first crushing tooth spacing L1, a preset second crushing tooth spacing L2, a preset third crushing tooth spacing L3 and a preset fourth crushing tooth spacing L4, wherein L1 is more than L2 and more than L3 and more than L4 is more than 0,
when Lmin is larger than L1, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth spacing to a preset first crushing tooth spacing L1;
when L2 is larger than Lmin and smaller than or equal to L1, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset second crushing tooth distance L2;
when L3 is larger than Lmin and is smaller than or equal to L2, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset third crushing tooth distance L3;
and when Lmin is less than or equal to L3, the crushing module adjusts the crushing tooth distance to a preset fourth crushing tooth distance L4.
2. The scrap automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step s1, the pretreatment module preliminarily divides scrap automobile residues into ferromagnetic metal residues, nonmagnetic metal residues and plastic residues and collects the plastic residues for subsequent classification, comprising the following steps,
step s11, the pretreatment module conveys the scraped car residues to a magnetic separation module, the magnetic separation module separates ferromagnetic metal residues in the car residues to a first residue collection area and conveys the residual residues to a buoyancy separation module;
step s12, the preprocessing module conveys the scraped car residues to a buoyancy separation module so as to separate the car residues into metal residues and plastic residues, the metal residues are collected in a second residue collecting region, and the plastic residues are collected in a third residue collecting region;
and step s13, the pretreatment module packs the scraped car residues in the first residue collection area and the second residue collection area and conveys the scraped car residues in the third residue collection area to a sorting module.
3. The scrap car residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step s2, the certification module controls the metal certification instrument to perform metal analysis on the conveyed scrap car residue, the metal certification instrument can obtain an image of the residue and identify the metal shape therein by X-ray detection, the certification module identifies the metal part number in the residue image and is A, wherein A is not less than 0 and is an integer,
when A =0, the verification module judges that the residue does not contain metal, and executes the step s22;
and when A is larger than or equal to 1, the verification module judges that the residues contain metal, and the step s21 is executed.
4. The method for harmlessly treating scraped car residues based on residue separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step s3, the sorting module separates plastic residues with different densities by performing density analysis on the plastic residues and adjusting the density of a sorting solution pool, and the sorting step of the plastic residues comprises,
step s31, weighing preset weight of plastic residues, and sending the plastic residues into a density tester to detect the density;
step s32, selecting the solution density of the sorting solution pool;
step s33, conveying the plastic residues to a separation solution pool for density separation;
and step s34, cleaning and drying the sorted plastic residues.
5. The method for harmlessly processing the scraped car residues based on residue separation according to claim 4, wherein in the step s31, the sorting module controls the solid density meter to select a preset amount of plastic residues for density detection, the sorting module records the measured maximum plastic residue density as ρ max and the measured minimum plastic residue density as ρ min, wherein ρ max > ρ min > 0.
6. The method for harmlessly treating scraped car residues based on residue separation as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step s32, the sorting module is used for determining solution density selection for the sorting solution pool according to the plastic residue density detected by the density determinator so as to separate and sort plastic residues with different densities through the sorting solution pool;
the sorting module is preset with a preset first solution standard concentration rho 10, a preset second solution standard concentration rho 20 and a preset third solution standard concentration rho 30, wherein rho 10 is more than 0 and rho 20 is more than 30,
when rho 10 is larger than rho min and is not larger than rho 20, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a first solution standard concentration rho 10 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
when rho 20 is larger than rho min and is not larger than rho 30, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a second solution standard concentration rho 20 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
when rho min is larger than rho 30, the sorting module judges that a sorting solution with a third solution standard concentration rho 30 is injected into the sorting solution pool;
and when rho min is less than or equal to rho 10, the sorting module judges that the plastic product is a single component, and the step s34 is skipped.
7. The method for harmlessly treating scraped car residues based on residue separation as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step s33, the sorting solution pool sorts the plastic residues by injecting the plastic residues into the sorting solution pool with a set density and by gradually increasing the concentration of the solution pool to separate the plastic residues with different densities to the bottom and the top of the liquid surface of the sorting solution pool,
the sorting module is set with a preset unit sorting solution concentration increment Δ ρ, wherein Δ ρ is larger than 0, when the sorting solution is injected into the sorting solution pool, the sorting module puts plastic residues into the sorting solution pool, the sorting module judges whether plastic residues float on the upper part of a page of the sorting solution pool, if so, the step s331 is executed, the residues floating on the liquid surface are collected and packaged, and the concentration value of the sorting solution at the moment is recorded as the residue type; if not, skipping to step s330, identifying whether plastic residues exist at the bottom of the sorting solution pool or not by the sorting module, if so, executing step s332, adjusting the concentration of the sorting solution pool by the sorting module, otherwise, skipping to step s333, and judging that the residues are sorted.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sorting module increases the solubility of the sorting solution tank by increasing a preset unit sorting solution concentration increment Δ ρ to determine whether plastic residues float on the upper portion of the sorting solution tank page in the step s332, and if so, performs the step s331; if not, go to step s330.
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