JPH1170526A - Selectively volume reducing apparatus for plastic bottle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce works for separating plastics according to type of plastic and cleaning them at the time of recycling the plastic. SOLUTION: The plastic bottle selectively volume reducing apparatus comprises a separating means 2 for separating plastic bottles 5 in response to presence or absence of content residue, material and color and discharging residue contained in the bottom out of the apparatus, a crushing means 3 for crushing the bottle at different places of respective collected types, and a recovery means 4 for dividing the crushed pieces of the bottles 5 at the respective crushed places and storing them to be disposed to sequentially pass the bottles 5 through the respective steps by gravity from above.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for discriminating the material and color of waste, particularly plastic bottles, and reducing the volume.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a plastic bottle crusher "SK-
74 "catalog, Sugias PET bottle volume reducer" 6040 PET "catalog, and Mio Seisakusho PET bottle crusher" PB Mac "catalog.

[0003] Nissui Kako Co., Ltd. PET bottle crusher "SK
-74 "catalog crushes PET bottles with a crusher,
An apparatus for collecting the crushed material in a collection box is shown.

[0004] Sugias PET bottle volume reduction machine "60
The “40PET” catalog describes that a plurality of PET bottles are pre-compressed by a compressor by lowering a press plate, a needle comes out from the stopped press plate, a hole is made in the PET bottle, and then the needle is pressed on the press plate. And press down the press plate again to make multiple PET
Figure 2 shows an apparatus for compressing and reducing the volume of a bottle.

[0005] PET bottle crusher "P
"B Mac" catalog cuts the mouth of a plastic bottle that is put in with the mouth first, crushes the part other than the mouth with a crusher, and collects the mouth of the PET bottle and the other parts separately. FIG.

Further, as an apparatus for identifying the material of a plastic bottle, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Hei 6-308022 and Hei 6-210632, and a study on a technique for sorting plastic discarded articles (1st report) (Shiga Prefectural Industrial Technology) Center Research Report, 1995, Vol. 9, 1994, p.
14 to 24).

JP-A-6-308022 and JP-A-6-210632 disclose irradiating plastic with near-infrared rays, capture the reflected wave with a sensor, and determine the type of plastic from the characteristics of the absorption spectrum waveform of the plastic. The judgment is shown.

[0008] Research report on the Shiga Prefectural Industrial Technology Center (Study on sorting technology for plastic discarded objects (1st report)
The document describes that plastic bottles are photographed with a CCD camera from five directions, the images are binarized, and a material display mark is extracted by template matching to identify the material of the plastic bottle.

[0009]

According to the prior art of the PET bottle crusher "SK-74" catalog and the Mio Seisakusho bottle crusher "PB Mac" catalog, PET bottles and PVC bottles are used. When crushed material is introduced, the crushed material of PET and PVC cannot be separated by specific gravity separation or the like, so that both materials are mixed, and the material cannot be recycled. In addition, in order to recycle materials, a great deal of work is required to select crushed materials having different colors. Further, even if there is a residue in the plastic bottle, it is crushed as it is, and the crushed material becomes very dirty.

[0010] Sugias PET bottle volume reduction machine "60
In the conventional technology of the "40 PET" catalog, it is necessary to separate a plurality of compressed plastic bottles individually in order to recycle materials. Further, even if there is a residue in the plastic bottle, it is compressed as it is, and the volume-reduced material becomes very dirty.

In the prior arts of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-308022 and 6-210632, the apparatus cost is high.

[0012] In the research report of the Shiga Prefectural Industrial Technology Center (Study on sorting technology for plastic discarded objects (first report), the space for photographing plastic bottles becomes large because five CCD cameras are used for photographing. Becomes large.

[0013] A first object of the present invention is to sort plastics of different materials and colors even when they are put in and mixed, and to reduce the number of sorting operations in the material recycling process. An object of the present invention is to provide a bottle sorting and reducing device.

A second object of the present invention is to prevent the crushing means from being corroded by a residue even if a plastic bottle having a residue therein is put therein, and to reduce the sorting of the plastic bottle so that the residue is not mixed into the sorted plastic. To provide a storage device.

[0015] A third object of the present invention is to provide a plastic bottle identification device having a low device cost and a small device size.

[0016]

A first means of the present invention for achieving the first object is a sorting means for sorting plastic bottles by material and color, and a plastic bottle sorted by the sorting means. A plastic bottle comprising: crushing means for distinguishing and crushing bottles for each selected material and color; and collecting means for storing crushed pieces of the plastic bottle crushed by the crushing means for each material and color. It is a sorting and volume reducing device.

The second object of the present invention for achieving the second object is as follows.
Means, in the first means, the sorting means,
The plastic bottle has a function of discharging the plastic bottle whose weight exceeds a preset value to the outside of the apparatus.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, which achieves the second object,
Means, in the first means, is provided with residue extracting means for extracting the residue from the plastic bottle, assuming that the plastic bottle having a weight exceeding a preset value contains a residue. It is characterized by the following.

The fourth object of the present invention for achieving the third object is as follows.
Means, in any one of the first to third means, the sorting means, the crushing means, and the collecting means are arranged in order such that the plastic bottle moves from top to bottom. It is characterized by.

The fifth object of the present invention for achieving the third object is as follows.
Means, in any one of the first to fourth means, wherein the crushing means rotates two axes arranged in parallel and substantially horizontally with each other by one motor in opposite directions to each other, Rotate the crushing blade fixed to the shaft,
It is characterized in that the plastic bottle is crushed at different places for each material and color.

The sixth object of the present invention for achieving the third object is as follows.
The means according to the fifth means, wherein a plurality of partition plates substantially orthogonal to the two axes and parallel to each other are arranged around the two axes, and each partition formed by the partition plates and the partition plates The crushing means is configured to crush plastic bottles of different materials and colors.

The seventh object of the present invention for achieving the third object is as follows.
Means of photographing a plastic bottle,
The material indicating mark on the plastic bottle is read from the image of the plastic bottle taken by the photographing means to identify the material of the plastic bottle, and when the material indicating mark cannot be read, the material is rotated by the bottle rotating means. A signal is transferred, the material indication mark is read again, and when the material indication mark is read, a material color identification unit for identifying a color of the plastic bottle,
A rotation means for receiving the rotation signal from the material color identification means and rotating the plastic bottle by a predetermined angle around its central axis, to constitute a plastic bottle identification apparatus.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, which achieves the third object,
Means, in the seventh means, comprises weight measuring means for measuring the weight of the plastic bottle, the material color identification means, if the weight measured by the weight measuring means is greater than or equal to a preset value In some cases, the plastic bottle has a function of identifying the plastic bottle containing the residue.

The ninth aspect of the present invention for achieving the first object is as follows.
Means is a plastic sorting and volume reducing transport device having a plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing device mounted on a vehicle body that moves by power, wherein the plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing device is any of the first to sixth means. It is a plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing device.

[0025]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. A plastic bottle sorting and reducing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a rectangular parallelepiped housing 100, an input port 1 formed on an upper side surface of the housing 100, and into which a plastic bottle is inserted. Sorting means 2 for sorting plastic bottles placed and connected to the inlet 1 in the housing 100 by material and color;
The crushing means 3 connected to the sorting means 2 in 00, the collecting means 4 connected to the crushing means 3 in the casing 100, and the crushing means 3 connected to the sorting means 2 in the casing 100. And a bottle outlet 12 with a residue, which is disposed on the side wall of the casing 100 and is disposed. Sorting means 2
An identification means 6 for identifying which of the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 corresponds to a preset material and color, an identified material a125 and a color a12
The apparatus includes a sorting means 7 for sorting the plastic bottles 5 according to 6.

The above-mentioned charging port 1 is a place where the plastic bottle 5 is charged. When the plastic bottle 5 is between the charging port 1 and the identification means 6, the closed state (the plastic bottle 5 cannot be charged). It has become.

The aforementioned sorting means 2 measures the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 put in from the inlet 1 and
When the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is a predetermined weight, for example, 100 g or more in this embodiment, the plastic bottle 5 is sorted to the bottle outlet 12 containing the residue. Weight a12 of plastic bottle 5
7 is less than 100 g, the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 charged from the charging port 1 are identified, sorted for each material a125 and color a126, and the crushing means 3 for each material a125 and color a126. Into different crushing parts. Here, the material a125 is PE
T, PVC, PE, PP (polypropylene), PS (polystyrene), ABS (arlyl nitrol-butadiene-
Styrene), PC (polycarbonate), PPE (polyphenine ether), PA (polyamide), PMMA
(Methacrylic resin) and PUR (polyurethane).

The crushing means 3 crushes the plastic bottle 5 sent from the sorting means 2 at different places for each material a125 and color a126. The above-mentioned collection means 4 is a container such as a box for collecting the crushed pieces of the plastic bottle 5 crushed at different places for each material a125 and color a126 for each material a125 and color a126. In the present embodiment, the collection unit 4 includes a transparent PET (polyethylene terephthalate) collection box 8, a colored PET collection box 9, a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) collection box 10, and another collection box 11. ing. Transparent PET
The collection box 8 stores the crushed pieces of the transparent PET bottle crushed by the crushing means 3. The colored PET collection box 9 stores the crushed pieces of the colored PET bottle crushed by the crushing means 3.
The PVC collection box 10 stores the crushed pieces of the PVC bottle crushed by the crushing means 3. The other collection box 11 stores crushed pieces of other bottles crushed by the crushing means 3.
From the bottle outlet 12 containing the residue, the sorting means 2
Is discharged out of the plastic bottle sorting and reducing device.

The operation of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The sorting means 2 measures the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 inserted from the input port 1, and when the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is 100 g or more,
Assuming that there is a residue, the plastic bottle 5 is sorted to the bottle outlet 12 containing the residue. When the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is less than 100 g, the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 are identified, and the plastic bottle 5 is sorted into a transparent PET bottle, a colored PET bottle, a PVC bottle, and other bottles. PET bottles, PVC bottles, and other bottles are charged into different crushing portions of the crushing means 3. Crushing means 3
Is the plastic bottle 5 sent from the sorting means 2.
Is crushed in different places for transparent PET bottles, colored PET bottles, PVC bottles and other bottles. The transparent PET collection box 8 contains the transparent PE crushed by the crushing means 3.
Store the crushed pieces of the T bottle. The colored PET collection box 9
The crushed pieces of the colored PET bottle crushed by the crushing means 3 are stored. The PVC collection box 10 stores the crushed pieces of the PVC bottle crushed by the crushing means 3. Other collection box 11
Stores crushed pieces of other bottles crushed by the crushing means 3.

In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a PE bottle collecting box is further provided as the collecting means 4,
Sorting means 2 is transparent PET bottle, colored PET bottle, P
Sorting into VC bottles, PE (polyethylene) bottles, and other bottles, and crushing means 3 crushes and collects in different places for transparent PET bottles, colored PET bottles, PVC bottles, PE bottles, and other bottles. The means 4 may store crushed pieces of each type of plastic bottle 5 crushed by the crushing means 3 for each type.

In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the sorting means 2, the crushing means 3 and the collecting means 4 sort, crush and collect for each material a125 and color a126 of the plastic bottle 5. You may.

In the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 1, the determination value of the weight a127 as to whether or not there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5 may be set anywhere between 80 and 150 g.

By using the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, plastic material a125 and color a126 are used.
Since the volume can be reduced separately for each case, the transportation cost of the plastic bottle 5 can be reduced. In the case of recycling plastics, PET and PVC, which cannot be separated after crushing because they have the same specific gravity, are selected in advance, so that the plastics can be recycled. In addition, the plastic whose volume has been reduced is sorted into predetermined material and color categories, and the number of steps of sorting at the recycling factory is reduced, so that the recycling cost can be reduced.

In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the vertical position of the sorting means 2, the crushing means 3, and the collecting means 4 is such that the plastic bottle 5 moves in the processing order by gravity. Since it is set, the power of the plastic bottle sorting and reducing device can be reduced, and the device cost can be reduced.

By using the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the plastic bottle 5 having a residue therein is discharged to the outside from the plastic bottle sorting and reducing device, and the residue is crushed together with the residue and the crushing means 3 is formed by the residue. To avoid corrosion. Further, it is possible to prevent the residue from being mixed into the crushed pieces of the plastic bottle 5.

In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a bottle containing a residue is provided in place of the bottle outlet 12 containing the residue, and a plastic bottle containing the residue sorted by the sorting means 2 is provided. 5 may be collected in a bottle collection box containing the residue.

In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the residue-containing bottle outlet 12 may be omitted. At this time, the sorting means 2 identifies the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 inserted from the input port 1,
Transparent PET bottle, colored PET bottle, PVC bottle,
Sorted into other bottles, transparent PET bottles, colored P
The ET bottle, the PVC bottle, and other bottles are put into different crushing portions of the crushing means 3.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. A second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is a plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in which the residue-containing bottle outlet 12 is replaced by a residue extracting means 13 disposed below the sorting means 2. A residue collecting box 14 disposed below the residue extracting means 13, and a transport means 15 for transporting the plastic bottle 5 from the residue extracting means 13 to the sorting means 2. The above-mentioned residue extracting means 13 takes out the residue from the plastic bottle 5 sent from the sorting means 2 and removes the residue from the residue collecting box 14.
Then, the plastic bottle 5 is sent to the conveying means 15. The above-mentioned residue collecting box 14 collects the residue sent from the residue extracting means 13. The transport means 15 described above
The plastic bottle 5 sent from the residue extracting means 13 is transported to the sorting means 2.

The processing of the plastic bottle 5 containing no residue in the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
This is the same as the processing of the first embodiment shown in FIG. When the plastic bottle 5 containing the residue is inserted, the sorting means 2 measures the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 2 and the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is 100 g.
If so, the inserted plastic bottle 5 is identified as the plastic bottle 5 containing the residue, and the plastic bottle 5 is sorted so as to be sent to the residue extracting means 13.

The residue extracting means 13 takes out the residue from the plastic bottle 5 sent from the sorting means 2 and sends the residue to the residue collecting box 14 and the plastic bottle 5 to the transport means 15. The transport unit 15 transports the plastic bottle 5 sent from the residue extracting unit 13 to the sorting unit 2. The sorting means 2 identifies the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 from which the residue has been removed, and sorts the plastic bottle 5 according to the identified material a125 and the color a126. At this time, since there is no residue in the plastic bottle 5, the same processing as the processing of the plastic bottle 5 containing no residue in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is performed.

By using the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
Can be automatically sorted and reduced in volume, so that the work of manually extracting the residue before inputting the apparatus can be omitted, and the sorting and volume reduction can be saved.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the residue removing means 13 is provided, it is desirable to install the deodorizing means 16 in the housing of the apparatus. The aforementioned deodorizing means 16 includes a fan and activated carbon. The air inside the device is sucked by a fan, and the sucked air is passed through activated carbon to remove odor.
By installing the deodorizing means 16, it is possible to absorb the odor generated from the residue in the plastic bottle 5 and prevent the odor from being emitted outside the plastic bottle sorting and reducing apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in the second embodiment of FIG. 2, a cap cutting means 17 may be provided in the sorting means 2, and a cap collecting box 18 may be provided below the cap cutting means 17.
The cap cutting means 17 has a cutter, and cuts off the base of the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5 put in from the inlet 1 to separate the cap 19 from the plastic bottle 5 and put the cap 19 in the cap collection box 18. Means 2 for sorting the body of plastic bottle 5
Send to The above-mentioned cap collection box 18 collects the cap 19 sent from the cap cutting means 17.

Cap cutting means 17 and cap collection box 1
By providing the material 8, if the material of the main body of the plastic bottle 5 and the material of the cap 19 are different, it is possible to prevent other materials from being mixed into the collected plastic. When both the cap cutting means 17 and the residue extracting means 13 are provided, it is desirable that the cap cutting means 17 acts on the plastic bottle 5 containing no residue.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. The identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3 is disposed at a position facing the bottle rotating means a105 on which the plastic bottle 5 is placed with its axis substantially horizontal and the bottom surface of the plastic bottle 5 placed on the bottle rotating means a105. The bottle presence / absence determining means a101, the reflection plate a112 disposed at a position facing the bottle presence / absence determination means a101 with the plastic bottle 5 placed on the bottle rotating means a105 therebetween, and the bottle rotating means a105 A photographing means a102 arranged at a position above the plastic bottle 5 for photographing an image of the plastic bottle 5 and converting it into an electric signal for output; an image capturing means a103 connected to the photographing means a102; and a bottle rotating means a1
The weight measuring unit a115 measures the weight of the plastic bottle 5 placed on the apparatus 05, converts the weight into an electric signal, and outputs the signal. The bottle presence / absence determining unit a101, the image capturing unit a103, the weight measuring unit a115, and the bottle rotating unit a105. Connected signal transmitting means a106 and signal transmitting means a10
6, camera parameter storage means a107 connected to
A material color identification unit a104 also connected to the signal transmission unit a106. The sorting means 7 (not shown) is connected to the signal transmitting means a106. The above-mentioned bottle rotating means a105 is composed of a plurality of rollers a110 arranged with one inclined surface so that the plastic bottles 5 are placed with the rotation axes parallel, and a gear attached to an end of each roller a110. a109,
A plurality of gears a116 arranged so that the rotation axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the roller a110 and mesh with each of two adjacent gears a109, and a motor a108 arranged in connection with one of the plurality of rollers a110. And a partition plate a111 arranged at the lower end of the plurality of rollers a110 in parallel with the rotation axis and substantially vertically, and the partition plate a111 can be moved up and down.

The bottle presence / absence determining means a101 is composed of, for example, a photoelectric switch, emits red light toward the reflection plate a112, receives the red light reflected from the reflection plate a112, and detects the attenuation of the red light. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, it is determined that the plastic bottle 5 is present, and a signal a121 indicating that the plastic bottle 5 is present is transferred to the material color identifying unit a104. The reflection plate a112 is a bottle presence / absence determination unit a101.
And reflects the red light emitted from the bottle presence / absence determining means a101 toward the bottle presence / absence determination means a101. The photographing means a102 is constituted by a CCD camera or the like, and includes a roller a11 of the bottle rotating means a105.
The roller a11 is attached downwardly above the
Image of the plastic bottle 5 above
Is transferred to the image capturing means a103. The roller a11 is used to determine the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5.
The color 0 is white.

The image capturing means a103 includes a photographing means a10
2 is stored. Here, the image a122 is a color image, and the format of the image information is RGB.
However, luminance, hue, and color may be used. Material color identification means a
104 is constituted by a CPU, an image processing board, or the like, receives data of the weight a127 from the weight measuring unit a115, and when the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is 100 g or more, determines that there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5; A signal a128 indicating that there is a residue in the sorting means 7
To transfer. The weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is 1
If the weight is less than 00 g, the material color identifying unit a104 creates an edge image of the plastic bottle 5 by extracting the edge of the image a122 stored in the image capturing unit a103, and generates an edge image of the plastic bottle 5 on the edge image. The edge image of each plastic material display mark is searched for on the edge image of the plastic bottle 5 by calculating the normalized correlation using the edge image of each plastic material display mark as a template. The material color identification unit a104 sends a rotation signal a12 to the bottle rotation unit a105 when no edge image of any material display mark is detected.
4 is transferred, and when an edge image of a certain material indication mark is detected, it is determined that the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5 is the plastic represented by the material indication mark.

Next, the material color identifying means a104 determines the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 from the image a122 stored in the image capturing means a103, and transfers the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 to the sorting means 7. I do.

The bottle rotating means a105 includes a motor a10
8, a plurality of rollers a110, and a plurality of rollers a110
A gear a109 attached to each, and a gear a109
It is configured to include a gear a116 meshed with the gear a116 and a partition plate a111, and receives a rotation signal a124 from the material color identification unit a104 through a signal transmission unit a106. Upon receiving the rotation signal a124, the motor a108 rotates by a specified rotation angle in a predetermined direction, and the roller a110 (roller a110) coupled to the motor a108 is rotated.
A) rotates in a predetermined direction. Roller a110A
Is rotated, the rotation is caused by the gear a109 attached to the end of the roller a110A and the gear a1 meshed with the gear a109.
16, another gear a meshed with this gear a116
Roller a1 adjacent to roller a110A via
It is transmitted to 10. Thus, a plurality of rollers a11
0 all rotate in the same direction. Thus, the plastic bottle 5 placed on the plurality of rollers a110 is driven in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface, and rotates around the axis.

The signal transmitting means a106 includes the sorting means 7,
Bottle presence / absence determining means a101, image capturing means a103,
A signal exchanged between the material color identifying means a104 and the bottle rotating means a105 is transmitted. The camera parameter storage unit a107 is configured by a hard disk, a memory, or the like, and stores a camera parameter a123 representing the position, posture, focal length, light receiving element size, and image a122 size of the imaging unit a102.

The weight measuring means a115 is constituted by a weight sensor or the like, measures the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5, and transfers data of the measured weight a127 to the material color identifying means a104.

The operation procedure of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

Step a201: Bottle presence / absence determination means a
101 emits red light toward the reflector a112, receives the red light reflected from the reflector a112, and detects attenuation of the red light. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, it is determined that there is a plastic bottle 5 and a signal a1 indicating that there is a bottle is present.
21 to the material color identification means a104, and
Go to 02. If no red light attenuation is detected, step a201 is performed again at a predetermined sampling interval.

Step a202: Weight measuring means a115
Measures the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 and transmits the measured data of the weight a127 to the material color identifying means a104.
Transfer to The material color identification unit a104 receives the data of the weight a127 from the weight measurement unit a115, and determines that there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5 when the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is 100 g or more,
Proceed to step a207. If the weight a127 of the plastic bottle 5 is less than 100 g, it is determined that there is no residue in the plastic bottle 5, and the process proceeds to step a203.

Step a203: The photographing means a102 photographs the plastic bottle 5, and transfers the photographed image a122 to the image capturing means a103. Image capturing means a10
3 stores the image a122 sent from the photographing unit a102, and proceeds to step a204.

Step a204: Material color identification means a10
4 is an image a1 stored in the image capturing unit a103.
An edge image of the plastic bottle 5 is created by performing an edge extraction process on the plastic bottle 22, and a normalized correlation is calculated on the edge image of the plastic bottle 5 using the edge image of each plastic material display mark as a template. Then, the edge image of each plastic material display mark is searched on the edge image of the plastic bottle 5. Here, as an example of an edge image of the plastic material display mark, FIG. 5 shows an edge image a113 of the PET bottle material display mark. When there is no edge image of the material display mark on the edge image, the material color identification unit a104 measures the width si of the plastic bottle 5 on the image a122 from the image a122 stored in the image capturing unit a103, and Parameter storage means a10
7, the camera parameter a123 (the distance zc (the position of the photographing means a102) in the vertical direction between the lowermost roller and the photographing means a102, the focal length f, and the size of the light receiving element in the width direction of the plastic bottle 5) dy, size m of image a122 in the width direction of plastic bottle 5
From y,), the size sr of the width of the plastic bottle 5 is calculated using Expression 1. Here, the width si of the plastic bottle 5 may be defined as an image size in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the roller a110, or an image in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the largest dimension of the photographed image of the plastic bottle 5. It may be defined as a dimension.

[0057]

(Equation 1)

The material color discriminating means a104 calculates the rotation angle angler of the motor a108 using Equation 2, transfers the rotation signal a124 indicating the rotation of angler to the motor a108 through the signal transmitting means a106, and proceeds to step a205.

[0059]

(Equation 2)

Here, dr is the diameter of the roller a110.

If there is an edge image of the material display mark on the edge image of the plastic bottle 5, the type of plastic indicated by the material display mark is determined to be the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5, and the process proceeds to step a206.

Step a205: The motor a108 outputs the rotation signal a12 sent from the material color identifying means a104.
4 is received and rotated by angler degrees. When the motor a108 rotates, the roller a110A rotates, and the rollers a110 engaged with each other via the gears a109 and a116.
All rotate a predetermined angle in the same direction. Thereby, the plastic bottle 5 on the roller a110 is about 72
Rotate degrees. Step a2 when the motor a108 stops
Go to 03. The numeral 72 of the numerator on the right side of Equation 2 is the angle at which the plastic bottle 5 is rotated. By changing this numeral, the angle at which the plastic bottle 5 is rotated can be changed.

Step a206: Material color identification means a10
4 is an image a1 stored in the image capturing unit a103.
22 to determine the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5;
Proceed to step a207. The color classification to determine is red, blue,
The range of colors such as is set in advance.

Step a207: Material color identification means a10
When it is determined that there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5, the signal 4 transfers the signal a128 indicating that there is a residue to the sorting means 7, and the process proceeds to step a208. When the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 is determined,
The material a125 and the color a126 are transferred to the sorting means 7,
Proceed to step a208.

Step a208: Material color identification means a10
4 is a bottle sending signal a to the bottle rotating means a105.
Transfer 130. The bottle rotating means a105 receives the bottle sending signal a130 from the material color identifying means a104, lowers the partition plate a111, and sets the motor a108.
Is rotated to send out the plastic bottle 5 to the sorting means 7. When the motor a108 is rotated for a predetermined time, the motor a108 is stopped and the partition plate a1 is stopped.
11 is raised to a predetermined position, and the process returns to step a201.
At the same time, the closed inlet 1 is opened, and the plastic bottle 5 can be charged. In addition, at the same time that the bottle sending signal a130 is output,
After the operation of the plastic bottle 101 is confirmed and the feeding of the plastic bottle is confirmed, the motor a108 may be stopped, the partition plate a111 may be returned to a predetermined position, and the slot 1 may be opened.

In one embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3, the determination value of the weight a127 as to whether or not there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5 may be set anywhere between 80 g and 150 g.

In the embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3, instead of reading the material indication mark by the material color identification means a104, information of the product number, the material a125 and the color a126 is stored in the signal transmission means a106. The product information storage means is connected, the product number represented by the bar code written on the plastic bottle 5 is read, and the product information storage means is searched, so that the plastic bottle 5 is identified based on the product number. Material a125 and color a1
26 may be identified. Here, only the product number and the information of the material a125 are stored in the product information storage means,
By reading the product number represented by the barcode described on the plastic bottle 5 and searching the product information storage means, the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5 is identified from the barcode based on the product number, The color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 may be determined from the image a122 stored in the image capturing unit a103.

By using the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3, the plastic bottle 5 having a residue therein can be selected and removed from the plastic bottle sorting and reducing device, and the residue is crushed together with the residue. Corrosion of the crushing means 3 can be prevented. Further, the residue is prevented from being mixed into the crushed pieces of the plastic bottle 5.

Step a205 of the operation procedure shown in FIG.
By rotating the plastic bottle 5 about 72 degrees at a time by the bottle rotating means a105, the entire surface of the label of the plastic bottle 5 can be photographed and a material display mark can be searched for.

In the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3, the plastic bottle 5 is rotated by the bottle rotating means a105, so that it is not necessary to arrange a plurality of photographing means a102 around the plastic bottle 5, and the plastic bottle 5 can be disposed in a narrow space. The material indication mark described on the label No. 5 can be read. For this reason, the device size can be reduced.

In the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3, the material a125 and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 are converted to an image a12.
2, it is not necessary to use two devices, a device for identifying the material a125 and a device for identifying the color a126. The material a125 and the color a126 can be identified by the same device, and the device cost is low. Become.

When it is not determined in the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 3 whether or not a residue is contained, the weight measuring means may be omitted. At this time, the material color identification means a104
Does not judge whether there is any residue from the weight sent from the weight measuring means. For this reason, in the operation procedure of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 4, step a202 is omitted, and step a207 is replaced with "material color identification means a104 transfers material a125 and color a126 of plastic bottle 5 to sorting means 7". change.

Photographing means a in the identification means 6 shown in FIG.
The arrangement of 102 and the bottle rotating means a105 may be changed as shown in FIG. In the example of the configuration of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 6, the bottle rotating means a105 includes a rotating table a502 arranged with the rotation axis substantially vertical, and a rotating table a5
02, a cylindrical transparent cylinder a501 made of a transparent material and arranged on the turntable a502 in accordance with the rotation axis of the second cylinder 02, and a white plate a5 arranged substantially vertically outside the transparent cylinder a501.
04 and a turntable a50 arranged at the bottom of the transparent cylinder a501.
2 and a motor a503 which is concentrically coupled to the turntable a502 below the turntable a502 and connected to the signal transmission means a106.

The transparent cylinder a501 is provided with a rack gear meshing with a gear a602 on the upper surface, and a rod a6 that can move forward and backward in the horizontal direction.
03, and the gear a602 is connected to the signal transmission unit a106.
Motor a connected to the material color identification means a104 through
601.

The photographing means a102 is arranged on the side of the transparent tube a501 at a position facing the front of the white plate a504 with the transparent tube a501 interposed therebetween. Weight measuring means a115
Are arranged in contact with the lower surface of the motor a503. The configurations of the bolt presence / absence determination unit a101, the reflection plate a112, the image capture unit a103, the material color identification unit a104, the signal transmission unit a106, and the camera parameter storage unit are as follows.
This is the same as the configuration shown in FIG.

In one embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 6, when the plastic bottle 5 is rotated by 72 degrees in step a205 in FIG.
Rotate degrees.

In one embodiment of the identifying means 6 shown in FIG. 6, when the plastic bottle 5 is moved to the sorting means 7 in step a208 in FIG. 4, the material color identifying means a104 is connected to the motor a60 through the signal transmitting means a106.
1 is transferred to the bottle sending signal a130. Motor a
Upon receiving the bottle sending signal a130 from the material color identification unit a104, the 601 rotates as shown in FIG. 7 to rotate the gear a602, and the rod a6 having a rack gear.
03 and the transparent cylinder a501 connected to the rod a603 are moved in the horizontal direction (the direction of the arrow a661). Transparent tube a501
, The plastic bottle 5 placed on the turntable a502 comes off the turntable a502 and falls downward (sorting means 7).

In the embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 6, when it is not necessary to identify the plastic bottle 5 containing the residue, the weight measuring means a115 may be omitted. Also, instead of reading the material display mark by the material color identification means a104, the product information storage means (not shown) storing the product number and the information of the material a125 and the color a126 which can be determined by the product number in the signal transmission means a106. ) Is connected, the product number represented by the bar code described on the plastic bottle 5 is read, and the product information storage means is searched, whereby the material a125 and color of the plastic bottle 5 are determined based on the product number. a126 may be identified. Here, the product information storage means stores the product number and information on the material a125 determined by the product number, reads the product number represented by the bar code written on the plastic bottle 5, and searches the product information storage means. By doing so, the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5 may be identified based on the product number, and the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 may be determined from the image a122 stored in the image capturing unit a103.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the identification means 6. The discriminating means 6 shown in FIG. 8 is composed of a white plate a705 that is placed horizontally, the plastic bottle 5 is placed with the axis thereof lying sideways, and one of the sides parallel to the axis is rotatable as a rotation axis a904, The lower end of the plate a705 is in contact with one of the sides orthogonal to the axis of the plastic bottle 5, and the reflector a703 is disposed obliquely and the weight measuring means is disposed in contact with the lower surface of the white plate a705. a1
15, a far-infrared ray irradiating and receiving means a701 for irradiating far-infrared rays through the plastic bottle 5 on the white plate a705 toward the reflection plate a703, and a plastic bottle 5 disposed above the white plate a705 and above the white plate a705. Photographing means a10 for outputting an image as an electric signal
2 and a color identification unit a70 connected to the photographing unit a102
4 and a material identifying means a702 connected to the far-infrared irradiation / receiving means a701, and a determining means a706 connected to the material identifying means a702, the color identifying means a704 and the weight measuring means a115.

The lower surface of the white plate a 705 is provided with a rack gear which meshes with the gear a 902 and is supported by a vertically movable rod a 902 which is arranged substantially vertically.
06 is connected to a motor a901 connected to the motor.

The far-infrared ray irradiation / receiving means a701 irradiates far-infrared rays through the plastic bottle 5 on the white plate a705 toward the reflection plate a703, and receives the reflected wave.
The spectrum a751 of the reflected wave is obtained, and the spectrum a75 is obtained.
1 is transferred to the material identifying means a702. Reflector a703
Is installed toward the far-infrared ray irradiation / receiving means a701, and reflects far-infrared rays emitted from the far-infrared ray irradiation / receiving means a701.

The material identification means a 702 is constituted by a CPU, a memory storing the waveform of the spectrum of each plastic, etc., receives the spectrum a 751 sent from the far-infrared irradiation light receiving means a 701, and receives the waveform of the spectrum a 751 and the spectrum of each plastic. Is compared with the waveform of the plastic bottle 5, and the plastic whose waveform difference is within a certain threshold value is determined as the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5, and the result is transferred to the determination means a706.

The photographing means a102 is constituted by a CCD camera or the like, and is installed facing the white plate a705. The photographing means a102 photographs the plastic bottle 5 on the white plate a705 and outputs the image a.
122 is transferred to the color identification unit a704. Here, the image a122 has color information. The color identification means a704 is C
It is composed of a PU and an image capturing board, receives the image a122 sent from the photographing means a102, identifies the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5, and
706. The weight measuring means a115 described above
The white plate a705 is installed below the white plate a705.
The weight a127 of the upper plastic bottle 5 is measured, and the measured weight a127 is transferred to the determination means a706.

The judging means a706 is constituted by a CPU or the like, receives the weight a127 from the weight measuring means a115, and when the weight a127 is 100 g or more, it is determined that there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5 and a signal a128 indicating that there is a residue is present. Is transferred to the sorting means 7. Weight a1
27 is less than 100 g, the material identifying means a702
Of the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5 from the printer and the color a of the plastic bottle 5 from the color identification means a704
126, and sorts the material a125
And the color a126.

The operation procedure of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIG.

Step a801: The far-infrared ray irradiating and receiving means a701 irradiates far-infrared rays through the plastic bottle 5 toward the reflector a703, and receives the reflected wave.
The spectrum a751 of the reflected wave is obtained, and the spectrum a75 is obtained.
1 is transferred to the material identifying means a702. Material identification means a
702 receives the spectrum a751 sent from the far-infrared irradiation light receiving means a701, and receives the spectrum a75.
By comparing the waveform of No. 1 with the waveform of each plastic spectrum, the plastic whose waveform difference is within a certain threshold is determined as the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5, and the result is transferred to the determination means a706. When the judging unit a706 receives the information on the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5 sent from the material identifying unit a702, the process proceeds to step a8.
Go to 02. When the spectrum a751 of the reflected wave is the same as the spectrum of the irradiation wave, step a801 is repeated at a predetermined sampling interval.

Step a802: Weight measuring means a115
Is the weight a of the plastic bottle 5 on the white plate a705
127 is transferred to the determination means a706. The determining means a706 receives the weight a127 sent from the weight measuring means a115, and if the weight a127 is 0 g, performs the step a802 again. If the weight a127 is 100 g or more, it is determined that there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5, and the process proceeds to step a804. If the weight a127 is less than 100 g, it is determined that there is no residue in the plastic bottle 5, and a80
Proceed to 3.

Step a803: The photographing means a102
The plastic bottle 5 on the white plate a705 is photographed, and the image a122 is transferred to the color identification unit a704. The color identification unit a704 extracts the color a126 of the plastic bottle 5 from the image a122 sent from the imaging unit a102, and transfers the color a126 to the determination unit a706. When the determining unit a706 receives the color a126 sent from the color identifying unit a704, the process proceeds to step a804.

Step a804: The judgment means a706 determines
If the weight a127 from the weight measuring unit a115 is 100 g or more, it is determined that there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5, and a signal a128 indicating that there is a residue is transferred to the sorting unit 7, and the process proceeds to step a805. Weight measuring means a
If the weight a127 from 115 is less than 100 g,
The information of the material a125 and the color a126 is transferred to the sorting means 7, and the process proceeds to step a805.

Step a805: The judgment means a706 determines
The bottle sending signal a130 is transferred to the motor a901. As shown in FIG. 10, the motor a901 installed below the white plate a705 receives the bottle sending signal a130 from the determination unit a706 and rotates by a predetermined angle. When the motor a901 rotates, the gear a902 connected to the motor a901 rotates, and the rod a903 with the rack gear engaged with the gear a902 rises to a predetermined position. As the rod a903 rises, the white plate a705 tilts around the axis a904, and the plastic bottle 5 rolls on the white plate a705 and is sent to the sorting means 7.

In the procedure shown in FIG. 9, the material is identified first. However, the weight may be measured first, the presence or absence of the residue may be determined, and then the material identification may be performed. Good.

In the embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 8, if it is not necessary to check whether or not the plastic bottle 5 has a residue, the weight measuring means a115 may be omitted. At this time, in the operation procedure shown in FIG. 9, step a802 is not performed, and in step a804, the determination unit a706 transfers information on the material a125 and the color a126 to the sorting unit 7.

In one embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 8, the judgment value of the weight a127 as to whether or not there is a residue in the plastic bottle 5 is 100 g.
It is desirable to set the range to 150 g.

By using one embodiment of the identification means 6 shown in FIG. 8, even if the material mark or barcode written on the plastic bottle 5 is missing or dirty, it cannot be read. The material a125 can be identified.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the sorting means 7 according to the present invention. The sorting means 7 shown in FIG.
Sorting control means b101, and a motor b1 connected to the sorting control means b101 and arranged with the rotation axis substantially horizontal.
02, a shaft b106 connected to the motor b102, a plate b110 connected to the shaft b106, and a sorting control unit b
A motor b103 connected to the motor 101 and having a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the motor b102 and arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions; a shaft b107 connected to the motor b103; and a motor connected to the shaft b107. Plate b111
A motor b104 connected to the sorting control means b101 and having a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the motor b103 and arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions, and a shaft b108 connected to the motor b104; A plate b112 connected to the shaft b108, a motor b105 connected to the sorting control means b101 and having a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the motor b104 and arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions; Shaft b109 connected to
And a plate b113 connected to the shaft b109, and a shaft b10
6, parallel partition plates b which are vertically connected to each other below the shafts b107, b108 and b109.
115, b116, b117, and b118, a partition plate b119 arranged in parallel with the partition plate b118 at a predetermined interval, and a passage b114 to a residue-filled bottle outlet disposed below and connected to the shaft b106. And is configured. The space between each two adjacent partition plates b115 to b119 and the right side of the shaft b106 in the drawing constitute a sorting place.

The motors b102, b103, b104 and b105 are arranged so that their axes are at the same interval in the horizontal direction with respect to the axes of the adjacent motors, and are sequentially lowered by the same height in the vertical direction. Plate b110, b
111, b112, and b113 are axes b106,
It is rotatable within a range from vertically above b107, b108 and b109 to a position where it comes into contact with the axis of the plate adjacent to the right side in the figure, and the length (width) in the direction perpendicular to the axis of each plate.
When it is rotated to the position (rotation limit) where it contacts the shaft of the plate adjacent to the right side in the figure, it just fits between the shafts and the plates b110, b111, b112, and b113 have all rotated to the limit. Sometimes, they constitute a plane. The input side of the sorting control means b101 is the identification means 6
It is connected to the.

Passage b114 to the outlet of the bottle containing the residue
Is connected to the lower side of the shaft b <b> 106, the lower part is bent rightward in the figure, and the end is connected to the outlet of the housing 100 with the bottle containing the residue.

The operation procedure of one embodiment of the sorting means 7 shown in FIG. 11 will be described. In the initial state, the plates b110 to b11
3 are all rotated clockwise to the rotation limit and are in a closed state, and the plates b110 to b113 constitute one flat inclined surface which decreases from the axis b106 toward the axis b109. The illustrated sorting means 7 is arranged such that the identification means 6 is located above the closed plate b110, and the crushing means 3 is arranged below the partition plates b115 to b119.

The sorting control means b101 receives the signal a128 indicating that there is a residue transferred from the identification means 6, or the material a125 and the color a12 of the plastic bottle 5.
6, the sorting start signal b151 is transferred to the motor (one of b102 to b105) corresponding to the predetermined sorting location from the information.

In the case of sorting between the partition plate b118 and the partition plate b119, the sorting start signal b151 is not transferred to any of the motors b102 to b105. When sorting into the passage b114 to the residue-containing bottle outlet 12, the motor b10
2, the motor b103 when sorting between the partition b115 and the partition b116, the motor b104 when sorting between the partition b116 and the partition b117, and the motor b105 when sorting between the partition b117 and the partition b118. , The sorting start signal b151 is transferred,
When sorting is performed between the partition plate b118 and the partition plate b119, the sorting start signal b151 is not transmitted to any motor.

When any of the motors b102 to b105 receives the sorting start signal b151 sent from the sorting control means b101, an arrow b161 (motor b104)
Is rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction. Motor b1
When any of 02 to b105 rotates, a shaft (any of b106 to b109) connected to the rotated motor rotates. When the shaft (any of b106 to b109) rotates, the plate (any of b110 to b113) connected to the shaft (any of b106 to b109) rotates.
09 in the direction of arrow b161 until it reaches the vertical position in the direction of arrow b161 to open the sorting place, as shown in FIG. 11 (when sorting start signal b151 is transferred to motor b104). The plastic bottles 5 sent by gravity from above (identifying means 6) are sorted into predetermined places. Partition plate b118 and partition plate b11
9, the motors b102 to b105
Since the sorting start signal b151 is not transferred, none of the plates b110 to b113 is opened, and the plastic bottle 5 is sorted between the partition plate b118 and the partition plate b119.

After the plastic bottles 5 have been sorted (after a predetermined time has elapsed, or after the passage of the plastic bottles 5 has been detected by a sensor arranged on each partition plate), the sorting control means b101 sets a predetermined sorting location. Is transferred to the motor (one of b102 to b105, that is, the motor to which the sorting start signal b151 has been previously transferred) corresponding to. The motor receiving the sorting end signal b152 is indicated by an arrow b161.
The motor rotates by a predetermined angle in a direction opposite to that of the motor b104. Accordingly, the shaft (one of b106 to b109) connected to the motor (one of b102 to b105) corresponding to the predetermined sorting location rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow b161. Shaft (b106-b
109, the plate (any one of b110 to b113) connected to the shaft rotates clockwise around the axis (any one of b106 to b109), and is open. The sorting area is closed.

In one embodiment of the sorting means 7 shown in FIG. 11, when the bottles containing the residue are not to be sorted, the passage b114 to the outlet 12 for the bottle containing the residue is changed to a passage to the crushing means 3 to change the material and color of the material. A plastic bottle may be allocated and the plastic bottle may be sorted.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the sorting means 7. The sorting means 7 shown in FIG. 12 includes a pair of rollers whose rotating shafts are parallel to each other and substantially horizontal and are arranged at a required interval, an endless transport belt b 612A wrapped around the pair of rollers, A conveying unit b612 including a motor b619 for driving at least one of the pair of rollers;
A plurality of partition plates b613 to b618, which are adjacent to one side of the width direction side edge of 2A and whose surfaces are parallel to the axes of the pair of rollers and arranged substantially vertically, and the width direction side of the transport belt b612A. A plurality of valves b606 to b610 arranged one by one at positions adjacent to the other side of the edge and facing between any two of the plurality of partition plates b613 to b618; A portion which is connected to the output side and has a downstream end opening at a position facing one by one between any two of the plurality of partition plates b613 to b618 and moving in a horizontal direction above the transport belt b612A. A plurality of nozzles b601 to b605 positioned above, and the valves b606 to b610
Compressed air generating means b611 connected to the respective inlet sides via pipes 620, and sorting control means b101 connected to the valves b606 to b610 and the motor b619.
And is configured.

The valves b606 to b610 are solenoid valves that are remotely controlled to open / close two positions. The plurality of partition plates b613 to b618 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval from each other, and a space between the partition plates constitutes a sorting place. In the illustrated example, the valves b606 to b610
Is arranged at a position facing each sorting place, but need not necessarily be arranged at a position facing each sorting place. The input side of the sorting control means b101 is connected to the identification means 6.

The sorting control means b101 receives the signal a128 indicating that there is a residue transferred from the identification means 6, or the material a125 and the color a12 of the plastic bottle 5.
6 and a valve (one of b606 to b610) corresponding to a predetermined sorting place based on the information.
Is transferred to the sorting start signal b151. After the plastic bottles 5 are sorted (sorting start signal b15
After a lapse of a predetermined time from the output of No. 1 or after a sensor installed at each sorting place detects the passage of the plastic bottle 5), the sorting control means b101 controls the valves (b606 to b610) corresponding to the predetermined sorting place. , Ie, a valve that has previously received the sorting start signal b151). The above-described compressed air generation means b611 generates compressed air,
The pipe b620 is maintained at a predetermined pressure, and the valves b606 to
When any of b610 is opened, the compressed air is blown out from the nozzle connected to the opened valve through the opened valve.

The nozzles b601 to b605 are connected to the conveying means b
612, it is installed in a direction opposite to the sorting place, in a direction of blowing compressed air toward the sorting place,
When any of the valves b606 to b610 is opened, the compressed air sent from the compressed air generating means b611 is blown out toward the sorting place. The valves b606 to b610 are
Upon receiving the air blowing signal from the sorting control means b101, the valve is opened. Further, it receives the sorting end signal b152 from the sorting control means b101 and closes the valve. The aforementioned conveying means b612 such as a belt conveyor conveys the plastic bottle 5 in the direction of arrow b661 by the motor b619.

The sorting means 7 shown is arranged such that the identification means 6 is located above the roller coupled to the motor b619, and the crushing means 3 is arranged below the partition plates b613 to b618.

An operation procedure of one embodiment of the sorting means 7 shown in FIG. 12 will be described. The compressed air generating means b611 generates compressed air, and supplies the compressed air to the valve b6 through the pipe b620.
06 to b610. The sorting control means b101 outputs a signal a1 indicating that there is a residue transferred from the identification means 6.
28 or the material a125 of the plastic bottle 5
And the information of the color a126, and based on the information, a sorting start signal b151 is transferred to a valve (one of b606 to b610) corresponding to a predetermined sorting location. When sorting between the partition plate b613 and the partition plate b614,
When the valve b606 is to be partitioned between the partition b614 and the partition b615, the valve b607 is to be partitioned between the partition b615 and the partition b616.
When separating between the partition plate b616 and the partition plate b617, the valve b609 is provided with the partition plate b617 and the partition plate b61.
In the case of sorting during the period 8, the sorting start signal b151 is transferred to the valve b610.

A valve (b606) corresponding to a predetermined sorting place
To b610) are sorting control means b101.
Receives the sort start signal b151 from the controller and opens the valve. This allows the nozzle (b60) connected to the open valve
1 to b605), the compressed air is turned into an arrow b6.
The plastic bottle 5 blown out in the direction of 62 and conveyed by the conveying means b612 is blown down from the conveying means b612 by the blown-out compressed air and sorted into a predetermined place. After the plastic bottles 5 are sorted,
The sorting control means b101 transfers a sorting end signal b152 to a valve (one of b606 to b610) corresponding to a predetermined sorting place. The valve (one of b606 to b610) corresponding to the predetermined sorting place receives the sorting end signal b152 from the sorting control means b101 and closes the valve.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the crushing means 3. The crushing means 3 shown in FIG. 13 has two crushing shafts c109 and c11 arranged with their axes parallel and horizontal.
2, a gear c110 fitted to the crushing shaft c109, a gear c113 fitted to the crushing shaft c112 and meshing with the gear c110, a crushing blade c114 fitted and fixed to the crushing shaft c109, and a crushing shaft c112. The crushing blade c115 fitted and fixed, the housing c116 surrounding the crushing shafts c109 and c112, and opening vertically, and the crushing shafts c109 and c11.
A plurality of partition plates c1 arranged substantially vertically above the surface 2 of the crushing shafts c109 and c112 so as to be orthogonal to the axes of the crushing shafts c109 and c112.
03 to c107, and a plurality of plates whose positions are symmetrical to the plurality of partition plates c103 to c107 with respect to the crushing shafts c109 and c112, and whose surfaces are substantially perpendicular to the axes of the crushing shafts c109 and c112. Partition plate c117 ~
c121, holes c123 to c127 opened at positions where the plurality of partition plates c103 to c107 are equal in distance from the crushing shafts c109 and c112, a motor c108 coupled to the crushing shaft c109, and a motor c108. Crushing control means c101, bottle presence / absence inspection means c102 disposed at a position facing the hole c123 and connected to the crushing control means c101, and reflection disposed at a position facing the bottle presence inspection means c102 through the holes c123 to c127. And a plate c122.

The bottle presence / absence inspection means c102 is constituted by a photoelectric switch or the like, emits red light toward the reflection plate c122, and outputs holes c123 to c1 of the partition plates c103 to c107.
The red light reflected from the reflection plate c122 through the light receiving portion 27 is received, and the attenuation of the red light is detected. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, it is determined that the plastic bottle 5 exists, and a signal c151 indicating that there is a bottle is transferred to the crushing control unit c101.

The reflection plate c122 is provided with a bottle presence / absence inspection means c.
102, the bottle presence inspection means c102
The red light emitted from is reflected toward the bottle presence / absence inspection means c102.

The crushing control means c101 receives the signal c151 indicating that there is a bottle from the bottle presence / absence inspection means c102, and transfers the crushing start signal c152 to the motor c108. After the plastic bottle 5 is crushed, the crushing end signal c153 is transferred to the motor c108.

The partitions c103 to c107 divide the places where the plastic bottles 5 are crushed for each type of the plastic bottles 5 selected by the selection means 2. The partition plates c103 to c107 have holes c1 through which the red light emitted from the bottle presence / absence inspection means c102 passes.
23 to c127 are provided respectively.

The motor c108 has a crush control means c101.
Rotation starts upon receiving the crushing start signal c152 from
Upon receiving the crushing end signal c153 from the crushing control means c101, the rotation is stopped.

The crushing means 3 includes partition plates c103 to c10.
Each of the crushing locations divided by 7 is arranged below each of the sorting locations of the sorting means 7, and the collecting means is arranged below the locations divided by the partition plates c117 to c123.

The operation procedure of one embodiment of the crushing means 3 shown in FIG. 13 will be described. The bottle presence / absence inspection means c102 emits red light toward the reflection plate c122, and the partition plate c103
Through the holes c123 to c127 of c107 to c107
The red light reflected from 22 is received, and the presence or absence of attenuation of the red light is detected. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, the bottle presence / absence inspection unit c102 determines that the plastic bottle 5 sent from the sorting unit 2 is on the crushing blade c114 and the crushing blade c115 between the partition plates c103 to c107, and The presence signal c151 is transferred to the crushing control means c101. The crushing control unit c101 receives the signal c151 indicating that there is a bottle from the bottle presence / absence inspection unit c102, and transfers a crushing start signal c152 to the motor c108. The motor c108 receives the crushing start signal c152 from the crushing control means c101 and starts rotating. Motor c
By rotating the crushing shaft c109, the crushing shaft c109 rotates counterclockwise as viewed from the motor side, and the crushing shaft c112 rotates clockwise as viewed from the motor side via the gears c110 and c113. Thereby, the crushing blade c114
And the crushing blade c115 mesh with each other and rotate, and the crushing blade c115
The plastic bottle 5 above the crushing blade 114 and the crushing blade c115 is crushed to about 1 to 3 cm square.

The plastic bottles 5 are sent separately to different places defined by the partition plates c103 to c107 for each material and color. Therefore, the plastic bottles 5 are crushed at different places for each material and color, and c117-
The paper is sent to the collection means 4 through the place partitioned by c121 (in this case, it falls by gravity). After the plastic bottle 5 is crushed (after a lapse of a predetermined time after sending the crushing start signal c152), the crushing control means c101
Transfers the crushing end signal c153 to the motor c108. The motor c108 receives the crushing end signal c153 from the crushing control means c101, and stops rotating.

In the crushing means 3 shown in FIG. 13, the bottle presence inspection means c102, the reflection plate c122 and the hole c123
To c127 may be omitted. At this time, the crushing control unit c101 receives the bottle presence signal a121 from the bottle presence determination unit a101 of the identification unit 6 shown in FIG. 3 instead of the bottle presence signal c151 from the bottle presence inspection unit c102, and outputs the motor c108 To the crushing start signal c152. Then, the crushing blade c11
4 and the crushing blade c115 start rotating before the plastic bottle 5 is placed thereon, and the time required for crushing is shortened.

The plastic bottle 5 crushed by the crushing means 3 is sent to a place (to the collecting means 4) partitioned by the partition plates c117 to c121, so that the collecting means 4 crushes the plastic bottle 5 for each material and color. It can be collected in the state where it was done. Also, the partition plates c103 to c103
Because the place to be crushed is separated by 107,
There is no need to provide a plurality of motors in the crushing means 3 for crushing a plurality of types of plastic bottles 5, and one motor c
Crushing means 3 having only 108,
Equipment costs can be reduced. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the crushing blade c114 and the crushing blade c115, which are short for each crushing place, are attached to the crushing shaft, and the partition plate c10 is provided.
Although 3 to c107 and c117 to c121 are arranged at a slight distance from the crushing axis, the crushing blade c114 and the crushing blade c115 are moved from the partition plate c103 to the partition plate c10.
7, the partition plates c103 to c10
7, c117 to c121 are crushing blade c114 and crushing blade c
It may be arranged at a slight distance from the outer circumference of the 115.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of the residue extracting means 13. The residue extracting means 13 shown in FIG.
An axis d109 arranged horizontally and rotatably, and an axis d1
09, a support plate d105 which is a rectangular flat plate having one of the long sides fixed and the other of the long sides normally positioned obliquely above the fixed long side, and one of the long sides fixed to the axis d109. And the other of the long sides is positioned obliquely upward on the side opposite to the support plate d105 with respect to the long side having the same height as the axis d109. A supporting plate d104, which is a rectangular flat plate,
Perforating means d103 arranged above the space having the V-shaped cross section formed by the support plate d105 and the support plate d104, and the bottom of the groove-shaped space having the V-shaped cross section formed by the support plate d105 and the support plate d104. A reflector d102 disposed outside one end in the longitudinal direction, and a reflector d102 at the same height as the reflector d102 outside the other end in the longitudinal direction at the bottom of the V-shaped cross-sectional space. , And a bottle presence / absence determining unit d101 disposed toward the container.

The bottle presence / absence determining means d101 is connected to the perforating means d103, and the shaft d109 is connected to the perforating means d103.
Is driven to rotate by a rotating means (not shown) connected to the motor. Further, the support plate d105 and the support plate d
Numeral 104 designates a groove-shaped space having a V-shaped cross section with a gap between lower end sides of 1 to 3 cm, the angle of which can be changed from 60 to 180 degrees. The state (state) supports the plastic bottle 5.

The punching means d103 is composed of a holding plate d106 and a holding plate d106 which are connected and arranged to be able to move up and down on the lower surface of the main body.
A needle d10 disposed at a position corresponding to the two holes d110 and d111 formed in the main body 106 and corresponding to the holes d110 and d111, and configured to be able to advance and retreat downward.
7, d108.

The bottle presence / absence determination means d101 is constituted by a photoelectric switch or the like, emits red light toward the reflection plate d102, receives the red light reflected from the reflection plate d102, and detects the presence or absence of attenuation of the red light. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, the plastic bottle 5 is supported by the support plates d104 and d10.
5, the signal d151 indicating that there is a bottle is transferred to the perforating means d103. Reflector d102 described above
Is installed toward the bottle presence / absence determination unit d101, and reflects the red light emitted from the bottle presence / absence determination unit d101 toward the bottle presence / absence determination unit d101.

Above the long side of the upper side of the support plate d104, a sorting place for the bottle containing the residue is located.
A residue collection box is arranged below the gap between the lower side of the support plate d104 and the lower side of the support plate d104.

An operation procedure of one embodiment of the residue extracting means 13 shown in FIG. 14 will be described. Bottle presence / absence determination means d101
Emits red light toward the reflector d102 through the position where the plastic bottle 5 should be, receives the red light reflected from the reflector d102, and detects whether the red light is attenuated. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, it is determined that the plastic bottle 5 is on the support plates d104 and d105, and a signal d151 indicating that there is a bottle is transmitted to the perforating means d103.

The perforating means d103 receives the bottle presence signal d1 sent from the bottle presence / absence determining means d101.
51, and as shown in FIG.
6, the needle d107 and the needle d108 are lowered, and after pressing the plastic bottle 5 with the pressing plate d106, the needle d107 and the needle d108 are respectively lowered through the holes d110 and d111 formed in the pressing plate d16. Holes are formed in the upper portion (the outer peripheral surface of the upper bottle while being pressed by the retainer plate d16) and the lower portion (the outer peripheral surface of the lower bottle also) of the plastic bottle 5. After a lapse of a predetermined time, the holding plate d106 and the needle d107
And d108 is raised. Thereby, the residue in the plastic bottle 5 flows out of the hole formed in the lower part, spills from between the support plate d104 and the support plate d105, and is collected in the residue collection box 14. The residue was collected in the residue collection box 14 (pressing plate d106, needle d107)
10 to 20 seconds after the lifting of d108), the support plate d105 is tilted around the axis d109 as shown in FIG. After sending the plastic bottle 5 to the transporting means 15, the support plate d105
Returns to the position of FIG. According to the embodiment of the residue extracting means 13 shown in FIG. 14, the residue can be extracted from the plastic bottle 5, the corrosion of the crushing means by the residue can be prevented, and the residue is mixed into the crushed pieces of the plastic bottle. Can be prevented. Support plate d105
The rotation of the shaft d109 was performed by rotating the shaft d109, but the shaft d109 was fixed, the support plate d105 was pivotally attached to the shaft d109, and the support plate d105 was turned upside down by, for example, a combination of an air cylinder and a spring. Is also good.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the transport means 15. The conveying means 15 shown in FIG. 17 includes a roller e105 arranged with the axis horizontal, a roller e107 arranged vertically above the roller e105 with the axis parallel to the axis of the roller e105, and a roller e107 arranged vertically above the roller e107. A roller e108 having an axis parallel to the axis of the roller e105, and a roller e108 and a roller e105, e1 which are horizontally moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis and to the right in the drawing.
Endless conveying surface e which is wrapped around 07 and e108
109, roller e105 and roller e of roller e107
A roller e106 disposed on the side of the line connecting the rollers 108 and nipping the conveying surface e109 with the roller e107;
A motor e104 for rotating and driving the roller 105;
7 and a roller e108, a plate e110 arranged in parallel with the transport surface e109 at a predetermined interval in a range where the transport surface e109 faces downward, and connected to the upper end of the plate e110 to be inclined obliquely downward. The plate e110A is disposed, the transfer control means e103 connected to the motor e104, and the transfer surface e109 is attached to the transfer surface e109 at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the transfer surface e109 so that the longitudinal direction comes in the width direction of the transfer surface e109. Strip-shaped plate e109A and sent from the previous process (residue extracting means 13) (falls down by gravity)
Bottle presence / absence detection means e101 disposed opposite to the position where the plastic bottle 5 passes, and bottle presence / absence detection means e10 across the passage through which the plastic bottle 5 passes
And a reflection plate e102 disposed at a position opposing to No. 1. The bottle presence / absence detection means e101 is connected to the transport control means e103.

The bottle presence / absence detection means e101 is composed of a photoelectric switch or the like, emits red light toward the reflection plate e102, receives the red light reflected from the reflection plate e102, and detects the presence or absence of attenuation of the red light. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, it is determined that the plastic bottle 5 exists, and a signal e151 indicating that there is a bottle is transferred to the transport control unit e103. The above-mentioned reflection plate e102 is a bottle presence / absence detection means e.
101, the bottle presence detecting means e101
The red light emitted from is reflected toward the bottle presence detection means e101.

When the transfer control means e103 receives the signal e151 indicating that there is a bottle from the bottle presence / absence detection means e101, it transfers a transfer start signal e152 to the motor e104. Further, after the plastic bottle 5 is sent upward (after a predetermined time has elapsed after sending the transfer start signal e152), the transfer end signal e153 is transferred to the motor e104.

The motor e104 is provided with a transport control unit e103.
From the transfer surface e10
9 rotates so as to move counterclockwise in the figure. Also, a transport end signal e153 from the transport control unit e103.
And stop the rotation. Roller e105 described above
Is connected to the motor e104,
Rotates as a result, and rotates the transport surface e109.

The transport surface e109 is wound around the rollers e105 to e108 in a "<" shape, places the plastic bottle 5 on the plate e109A, and transports the plastic bottle 5 upward.

The above-described plate e110 is installed in a portion where the transfer surface e109 faces downward, and the plate e110 of the transfer surface e109 is
109A prevents the plastic bottle 5 from falling.

The operation procedure of one embodiment of the transport means 15 shown in FIG. 17 will now be described. Plastic bottle 5 sent from residue extraction means 13 (falling down by gravity)
Passes through the place where the bottle presence / absence detecting means e101 is provided, and reaches the plate e109A attached to the transport surface e109 at a position where the transport surface e109 moves upward when the motor e104 rotates.

The bottle presence / absence detecting means e101 emits red light toward the reflecting plate e102.
The red light reflected from the device is received, and the presence or absence of attenuation of the red light is detected. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, the plastic bottle 5 sent from the residue extracting means 13
Is transmitted to the transfer control means e103, the signal e151 indicating that there is a bottle is transferred. Transport control means e1
03 receives a signal e151 indicating that there is a bottle from the bottle presence / absence detecting means e101, and transfers a transport start signal e152 to the motor e104. The motor e104 receives the transfer start signal e152 from the transfer control unit e103, and starts rotating. When the motor e104 rotates, the roller e105 connected to the motor e104 rotates, and the transport surface e109 wound around the rollers e105 to e108 rotates. Thereby, the plastic bottle 5 sent from the residue extracting means 13 is moved to the conveying surface e109.
On the plate e109A, and is carried upward, and the plate e110A
A is sent to the identification means 6 via A. Plastic bottle 5
Is transported to the identification means 6 (after a predetermined time has passed since the transmission start signal e152 was sent), the transport control means e103
Transfers the transport end signal e153 to the motor e104. The motor e104 receives the transfer end signal e153 from the transfer control unit e103, and stops rotating.

By using one embodiment of the transport means 15 shown in FIG. 17, the plastic bottle 5 can be transported upward.

FIG. 18 shows a cross section of an embodiment of the cap cutting means 17. The cap cutting means 17 shown in FIG. 18 includes a pair of housings f110 which are arranged to face each other and vertically form a passage f110A of the plastic bottle 5 therebetween, a motor f106 housed in one housing f110, Driven by the motor f106, the housing f110
A blade f107 which moves substantially horizontally into and out of the passage f110A from an opening formed at an intermediate height in the vertical direction of a wall surface facing the passage f110A, a motor f104 provided in the other housing f110, and a motor f104. When driven, the blade f10 on the wall surface facing the passage f110A of the housing f110
7 through an opening formed at a height slightly below
A blade f105 that advances and retreats substantially horizontally to 110A, and a cutting control unit f10 that is connected to the motors f104 and f106.
3, a reflector f102 disposed above a wall surface facing the passage f110A of the one housing f110, and the reflector f10 with the passage f110A of the other housing f110 interposed therebetween.
2 and the cutting control means f103
A plate f111 disposed obliquely downwardly and outwardly below the motor f104 in the other housing f110, and a plate f111.
A shaft f109A horizontally disposed near the upper end of the shaft f;
A motor f108 connected to the cutting control means f103 and connected to the cutting control means f103; and a plate f109 having one side fixed to the shaft f109A and swinging by the motor f108.
And is configured.

The plate f111 connects the plate f109 to the cap collection box 18, and the cut cap 19 is connected to the plate f109.
It is sent to the cap collection box 18 through 109.

The above-described bottle presence / absence detecting means f101 such as a photoelectric switch is constituted by a photoelectric switch or the like, and emits red light toward the reflecting plate f102.
The red light reflected from 2 is received, and the attenuation of the red light is detected. When the attenuation of the red light is detected, it is determined that the plastic bottle 5 exists, and a signal f151 indicating that there is a bottle is transferred to the cutting control unit f103. Reflector f102 described above
Is installed toward the bottle presence detection unit f101, and reflects the red light emitted from the bottle presence detection unit f101 toward the bottle presence detection unit f101.

Upon receiving the signal f151 indicating that a bottle is present from the bottle presence / absence detecting means f101, the cutting control means f103 transfers a cutting start signal f152 to the motor f104. After the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5 is cut and sent to the cap collection box 18 (cutting start signal f
152 after a predetermined time has passed since the transfer of the
8, the board storage signal f154 is transferred. After the plate f109 is stored in the housing f110, the motor f104 and the motor f104
The blade storage signal f153 is transferred to 106. After the plastic bottle 5 from which the cap 19 has been separated is sent to the sorting means 2, the blade predetermined position setting signal f155 is transferred to the motors f104 and f106, and the plate predetermined position setting signal f156 is transferred to the motor f108.

The motor f104 is provided with a cutting control means f103.
Receives the cutting start signal f152 from the blade f105 in the direction of cutting the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5.
Rotate to move. Upon receiving the blade storage signal f153 from the cutting control unit f103, the blades f105 and f105
107 rotates so as to be stored in the housing f110. Further, a blade predetermined position setting signal f from the cutting control means f103.
Upon receiving 155, blades f105 and f107
Rotate to the position shown in. The motor f104 and the motor f106 may change the direction of rotation in accordance with the direction of movement of the blade. Alternatively, the direction of movement of the blade may be changed using a crank device or the like while the direction of rotation is constant.

The positions of the blades f105 and f107 shown in FIG. 18 are such that the shoulder of the plastic bottle 5 that has fallen into the passage f110A from above is supported by the blades f105 and f107, and the cap 19 is positioned below the blades f105 and f107. It is a position that is located. In a state where the blades f105 and f107 are stored in the housing f110, the plastic bottle 5 has no support and falls downward.

The blade f105 is connected to the motor f10 via a gear.
4 and is horizontally moved left and right by rotation of the motor f104. The blade f107 meshes with the axis of the motor f106 via a gear, and moves horizontally left and right by rotation of the motor f106. When the upper surface of the blade f105 moves and meshes with the lower surface of the blade f107, the cap 1 of the plastic bottle 5 is moved.
Cut the root of No.9. In addition, the blade f105 has a cutting portion in which the center portion is depressed when viewed from the top, and the blade f105 and the blade f107 may be cut by sandwiching the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5.

The motor f108 is provided with cutting control means f103.
When the board storage signal f154 is received from the server, the board f109 rotates so that the board f109 is stored in the housing f110 (so that the plastic bottle 5 can drop down without any trouble) as shown in FIG. Further, when receiving the plate predetermined position setting signal f156 from the cutting control unit f103, the plate f109 is brought to the position shown in FIG.
(To drop into the cap collecting box via the plates f109 and f111). The plate f109 has a motor f10
8 is fixed to a shaft f109A connected to the motor f.
When 108 rotates, it rotates and swings. The rotation direction of the motor f108 may be changed according to the rotation direction of the plate f109. However, the rotation direction of the plate f109 may be changed while the motor rotation direction is kept constant by a crank device or the like.

The operation procedure of one embodiment of the cap cutting means 17 shown in FIG. 18 will now be described. Bottle presence detection means f
101 emits red light toward the reflector f102, receives the red light reflected from the reflector f102, and detects attenuation of the red light. When red light decay is detected, input port 1
It is assumed that the plastic bottle 5 put in from is sent to the cap cutting means 17 and the cutting control means f103
The signal f151 indicating that there is a bottle. Upon receiving the signal f151 indicating that there is a bottle from the bottle presence detecting unit f101, the cutting control unit f103 receives the motor f1.
04, the disconnection start signal f152 is transferred. Motor f10
4 is a cutting start signal f152 from the cutting control means f103.
And the blade f105 rotates so as to move in the direction of cutting the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5. When the motor f104 rotates, the blade f105 meshed with the shaft of the motor f104 by the gear moves to the left, the blade f105 meshes with the blade f107 at the root of the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5, and the cap 19 is removed from the plastic bottle 5. Be separated. Cap 19 is plate f109
And the plate f111, and sent to the cap collection box 18.

After the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5 is cut and sent to the cap collecting box 18, the cutting control means f103 transfers the plate storing signal f154 to the motor f108. The motor f108 receives the plate storage signal f154 from the cutting control unit f103, and rotates so that the plate f109 is stored in the housing f110 as shown in FIG.
When the motor f108 rotates, the motor f108
As shown in FIG. 19, the plate f109 connected to the shaft is stored in the housing f110 counterclockwise in the figure.

After the plate f109 is stored in the housing f110, the cutting control means f103 transfers the blade storing signal f153 to the motors f104 and f106. Motor f
The blade 104 and the motor f106 receive the blade storage signal f153 from the cutting control unit f103, and rotate so that the blade f105 and the blade f107 are stored in the housing f110. When the motor f104 and the motor f106 rotate, the blade f105 and the blade f107 meshed with the shaft of the motor f104 and the shaft of the motor f106 by gears move rightward and leftward, respectively, and as shown in FIG. Is stored in Blade f105, blade f107 and plate f109
Is stored in the housing f110, the plastic bottle 5 from which the cap 19 has been cut is sent to the sorting means 2 below.

After the plastic bottle 5 from which the cap 19 has been separated is sent to the sorting means 2, the cutting control means f1
03 transfers the blade predetermined position setting signal f155 to the motor f104 and the motor f106, and transfers the plate predetermined position setting signal f156 to the motor f108. When the motor f104 and the motor f106 receive the blade predetermined position setting signal f155 from the cutting control unit f103, the blades f105 and f107
Is rotated to the position shown in FIG. Motor f1
By rotating the motor 04 and the motor f106, the blade f105 and the blade f107 meshed with the shaft of the motor f104 and the shaft of the motor f106 by gears move left and right, respectively, and are installed at the positions shown in FIG. Motor f10
8 is a plate predetermined position setting signal f from the cutting control means f103.
Upon receiving 156, the plate f109 rotates so as to come to the position shown in FIG. When the motor f108 rotates, the shaft f109A connected to the shaft of the motor f108 rotates, and the plate f109 fixed to the shaft f109A moves as shown in FIG.
It is installed in the position shown in.

By using one embodiment of the cap cutting means 17 shown in FIG. 18, the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5 can be separated and the cap 19 and the main body of the plastic bottle 5 can be separated.
When the material of the main body of the plastic bottle 5 is different from that of the plastic bottle 5, it is possible to prevent other materials from being mixed with the collected plastic.

FIG. 20 is a view showing an embodiment of a plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing apparatus. The illustrated plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing transport device is one in which the plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing device shown in FIG. 1 or 2 is mounted on a vehicle body g101.

The plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing and conveying apparatus shown in FIG. 20 comprises a vehicle body g101, an input port 1 formed in the vehicle body g101, a transport means g102 connected to the input port 1, and a transport means g102. Conveying means g103 connected to the downstream end and conveying the loaded plastic bottle upward; sorting means 2 connected to the downstream end of the conveying means g103; and crushing means arranged below the sorting means 2 3, a collecting means 4 connected to the downstream end of the crushing means 3, and a door g104 installed at the rear of the vehicle body g101 and in contact with the collecting means 4.

The vehicle body g101 has power such as an engine and moves. Conveying means g1 such as a conveyor
02 is a plastic bottle 5 inserted from the inlet 1
Is transported to the transport unit g103. Conveying means g such as a conveyor
103 carries the plastic bottle 5 sent from the carrying means g102 to the sorting means 2. The door g104 is where the crushed pieces of the collected plastic bottle 5 are taken out. When taking out the crushed pieces of the plastic bottle 5, opening the door g104 allows access to the collecting means 4.

The operation procedure of the plastic bottle sorting / reducing and carrying apparatus shown in FIG. 20 will be described. The conveying means g102 is
The plastic bottle 5 charged from the charging port 1 is transported to the transport means g103. The transport unit g103 is provided as a transport unit g1.
The plastic bottle 5 sent from 02 is transported to the sorting means 2. The sorting means 2 sorts the plastic bottles 5 sent from the conveying means g103 for each color and material, and sends them to the crushing means 3. The crushing means 3 crushes the plastic bottle 5 sent from the sorting means 2 for each color and type at another place for each color and material, and sends it to the collecting means 4. Collection means 4
Collects and stores crushed pieces of the plastic bottle 5 crushed in different places for each color and material in different places for each color and material.

When the crushed pieces of the collected plastic bottle 5 are taken out from the plastic bottle sorting and reducing volume transporting apparatus shown in FIG. 20, the door g104 is opened and the collecting means 4 is tilted to crush the collected plastic bottle 5. Pieces are removed from the plastic bottle sorting volume reduction transporter.

In the plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing and conveying apparatus shown in FIG. 20, a residue extracting means 13, a residue collecting box 14,
The transfer means 15 may be attached. When the plastic bottle 5 containing the residue is transported to the sorting means 2,
The sorting means 2 identifies that the plastic bottle 5 contains a residue by weight, and sends the plastic bottle 5 containing the residue to the residue extracting means 13. The residue extracting means 13 extracts the residue contained in the plastic bottle 5, sends the residue to the residue collecting box 14, and sends the plastic bottle 5 to the sorting means 2 by the transport means 15. The residue collecting box 14 collects the residue sent from the residue extracting means 13.

[0157] A cap cutting means 17 may be provided between the conveying means g103 and the sorting means 2 of the plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing apparatus shown in Fig. 20, and a cap collecting box 18 may be provided below the cap cutting means 17. Absent. At this time, the cap cutting means 17 cuts the cap 19 of the plastic bottle 5 sent from the conveying means g103, sends the cap 19 to the cap collection box 18, and sends the cut plastic bottle 5 to the sorting means 2. send. The cap collecting box 18 is provided with a cap cutting means 17.
The cap 19 sent from is collected.

The deodorizing means 16 may be mounted above the sorting means 2 or the collecting means 4 of the plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing and conveying apparatus shown in FIG.

By using the plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing / conveying device shown in FIG. 20, the plastic bottle 5 can be sorted and reduced in volume only by putting in the plastic bottle 5, and the labor of the sorting operation can be reduced. By reducing the volume, the transportation cost per weight can be reduced. Further, as compared with the plastic bottle sorting and reducing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is no need for the owner of the plastic bottle 5 to carry the plastic bottle 5 to the plastic bottle sorting and reducing apparatus. Since there is no need for an administrator to manage the sorted and crushed plastic bottles 5, the labor of the collection operation can be reduced.

[0160]

According to the present invention, a plurality of types of plastic bottles can be sorted, crushed and reduced in volume, so that a single truck can carry many plastic bottles.
When plastics are recycled, less sorting work is required.
In addition, by measuring the weight, the plastic bottle containing the residue can be identified and taken out of the device, or the residue can be removed from the plastic bottle, so that corrosion of the crushing means by the residue can be prevented. It is possible to prevent the residue from being mixed into the crushed pieces of the plastic bottle. Further, by identifying the material and the color of the plastic bottle by the image, the material and the color can be identified by the same device, and the cost of the device can be reduced. In addition, since the crushing place is separated by the partition plate, plastic bottles of different materials and colors can be crushed at different places by crushing means driven by one motor, thereby reducing equipment cost. it can. In addition, by disposing the sorting unit, the crushing unit, and the collecting unit from the top in the order, the plastic bottle moves in the processing order by gravity, so that the power of the plastic bottle sorting and reducing device can be reduced. In addition, by mounting the plastic bottle sorting and reducing device on a vehicle, labor for collecting work can be saved and management work for sorted and crushed plastic bottles can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the identification means shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the identification means shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of an edge image of a material display mark described on a plastic bottle.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the identification means shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

7 is a perspective view showing a situation in which a plastic bottle is sent out to a sorting means in the identification means shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the configuration of still another embodiment of the identification means shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the identification means shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a situation in which the identification means shown in FIG. 8 sends out a plastic bottle to a sorting means.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the sorting means shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the configuration of another embodiment of the sorting means shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the crushing means shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of a residue extracting unit shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a situation in which the residue extracting means shown in FIG. 14 extracts a residue from a plastic bottle.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a situation in which a plastic bottle is sent out to a conveying means in the residue extracting means shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the transport unit shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing a configuration of an embodiment of the cap cutting means shown in FIG. 2;

19 is a cross-sectional view showing a situation in which the plastic bottle is sent out to the sorting means in the cap cutting means shown in FIG.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a configuration of one embodiment of a plastic bottle sorting / volume reducing apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input port 2 Sorting means 3 Crushing means 4 Collection means 5 Plastic bottle 6 Identification means 7 Sorting means 8 Transparent PET collection box 9 Colored PET collection box 10 PVC collection box 11 Other collection box 12 Bottle outlet with residue. Reference Signs List 13 Residue extracting means 14 Residue collecting box 15 Transporting means 16 Deodorizing means 17 Cap cutting means 18 Cap collecting box 19 Cap 100 Housing a101 Bottle presence / absence determining means a102 Photographing means a103 Image capturing means a104 Material color identification means a105 Bottle rotation Means a106 Signal transmission means a107 Camera parameter storage means a108 Motor a109 Gear a110 Roller a111 Partition plate a112 Reflection plate a113 Edge image of PET bottle material display mark a115 Weight measurement means a116 Gear a121 Bottle existence signal a122 Image a123 Camera parameter a124 Rotation Signal a125 Material a126 Color a127 Weight a128 Residual signal a130 Bottle feed signal a501 Transparent cylinder a502 Turntable a503 Motor a504 White plate a601 Motor a602 Gear a603 Bar a661 Arrow a701 Far-infrared ray irradiation / receiving means a702 Material identification means a703 Reflection plate a704 Color identification means a705 White plate a706 Judgment means a751 Specimen a90 Motor rod a90 Motor controller b102-b105 Motor b106-b109 Shaft tap b110-b113 Plate b114 Passage to the bottle outlet with residue b115-b119 Partition plate b151 Sorting start signal b152 Sorting end signal b161 Arrow b601-b605 Nozzle b606-b610 Valve air generating means b611b Conveying means b613 to b618 Partition plate b619 Motor b620 Tube b661, b662 Arrow c101 Crushing control means c102 Bottle presence / absence inspection means c103 to c107 Partition plate c108 Motor c109 Crushing shaft c110 to c111 Gear c112 Crushing shaft c113 Gear c114, c115 Crushing blade c116 Casing c117 to c121 Partition plate c122 Reflecting plate c123 to c127 Holes C152 Crushing start signal c153 Crushing end signal d101 Bottle presence / absence determination means d102 Reflector d103 Drilling means d104, d105 Support plate d106 Pressing plate d107, d108 Needle d109 Shaft d110, d111 Hole d151 Bottle presence detection means e101 Bottle presence detection means e102 Reflecting plate e103 Transport control means e104 Motor e105 to e108 Roller e109 Transport surface e109A Plate e110, e110A Plate e151 Signal that bottle is present e152 Transport start signal e153 Transport end signal f101 Bottle presence / absence detection means f102 Reflection plate f103 Cutting control means f104 Motor f105 Blade f106 Motor f107 Blade f108 Motor f109 Plate f109A Axis f110 Housing f110 A with plate f110A Signal f152 cutting start signal f153 blade storing signal f154 plate storing signal f155 blade predetermined position setting signal f156 plate predetermined position setting signal g101 body g102 conveying means g103 conveying means g104 door

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Hasegawa 4-6 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Takamura 794, Higashi-Toyoi, Kazamatsu-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture Kasado Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. Inside

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A sorting means for sorting plastic bottles for each material and color, a crushing means for crushing the plastic bottles sorted by the sorting means for each material and color selected, and a crushing means. A collecting means for storing the crushed pieces of the crushed plastic bottle for each of the material and the color. 2. The plastic bottle according to claim 1, wherein the sorting means has a function of discharging the plastic bottle whose weight exceeds a preset value to the outside of the apparatus. Sorting volume reduction device. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a residue extracting means for extracting the residue from the plastic bottle assuming that the plastic bottle having a weight exceeding a preset value contains the residue. Item 4. The plastic bottle sorting and reducing device according to Item 1. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sorting means, the crushing means, and the collecting means are arranged in order so that the plastic bottle moves in a direction from top to bottom. The apparatus for sorting and reducing plastic bottles according to any one of the preceding claims. 5. The crushing means rotates two crushing blades fixed to the two shafts by rotating two shafts arranged in parallel with each other and substantially horizontally by one motor in directions opposite to each other, The plastic bottle sorting and reducing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plastic bottle is crushed at different places for each material and color. 6. A plurality of partition plates substantially orthogonal to the two axes and parallel to each other are arranged around the two axes, and different materials and colors are used for each partition formed by the partition plates and the partition plates. 6. The plastic bottle sorting and reducing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the crushing means is configured to crush the plastic bottle. 7. A photographing means for photographing a plastic bottle, and a material indication mark on the plastic bottle is read from an image of the plastic bottle photographed by the photographing means to identify a material of the plastic bottle, If the material indication mark cannot be read,
Transfer the rotation signal to the bottle rotating means, read the material indication mark again, if the material indication mark is read,
Material color identification means for identifying the color of the plastic bottle, and rotation means for receiving the rotation signal from the material color identification means and rotating the plastic bottle at a predetermined angle around its central axis. A plastic bottle identification device characterized by being performed. 8. A weight measuring means for measuring the weight of the plastic bottle, wherein the material color identifying means includes a residual material when the weight measured by the weight measuring means is equal to or greater than a preset value. The plastic bottle identification device according to claim 7, wherein the device has a function of identifying the plastic bottle as being used. 9. A plastic sorting and volume reducing transport device in which a plastic bottle sorting and reducing device is mounted on a vehicle body moved by power, wherein the plastic bottle sorting and volume reducing device is a plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A plastic sorting and volume reducing transport device, which is a bottle sorting and volume reducing device.