JP2021109309A - Specific gravity sorting processing method for waste plastics and processing device thereof - Google Patents

Specific gravity sorting processing method for waste plastics and processing device thereof Download PDF

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JP2021109309A
JP2021109309A JP2020000092A JP2020000092A JP2021109309A JP 2021109309 A JP2021109309 A JP 2021109309A JP 2020000092 A JP2020000092 A JP 2020000092A JP 2020000092 A JP2020000092 A JP 2020000092A JP 2021109309 A JP2021109309 A JP 2021109309A
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water tank
specific gravity
crushed
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waste plastic
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忠 木原
Tadashi Kihara
忠 木原
正顯 鶴岡
Masaaki Tsuruoka
正顯 鶴岡
庸佐 堤
Yosuke Tsutsumi
庸佐 堤
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ECO MEVIUS CO Ltd
TSURUOKA KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

To increase a utility value as recycled resources by sorting and recovering waste plastics for each type and effectively recycling waste plastic crushed materials as organic materials.SOLUTION: A specific gravity sorting processing method for waste plastics comprises: a first water tank specific gravity sorting process S7 of recovering finely-ground waste plastic crushed materials by separating them into floating first water tank floating matters whose specific gravity is less than 1 and settling first water tank settling matters in a water tank; and a second water tank specific gravity sorting process S8 of recovering the first water tank settling matters of the waste plastic crushed materials separated and recovered thereby by further separating them into second water tank floating matters floating in a heavy solution whose specific gravity is less than 1 and settling second water tank settling matters in the water tank. The first water tank floating matters of the waste plastic crushed materials generated in separation processing performed in the first water tank specific gravity sorting process S7 are recovered as petroleum refining raw materials and naphtha raw materials, and the second water tank floating matters of the waste plastic crushed materials generating in separation processing performed in the second water tank specific gravity sorting process S8 are recovered as cement raw fuels and industrial furnace raw fuels.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを再資源化するケミカルリサイクル技術に係り、特に廃プラスチックをリサイクル利用する際に、高精度に選別して、原料・燃料化レベルの再資源化する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法及びその処理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a chemical recycling technique for recycling waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and particularly when the waste plastics are recycled, they are sorted with high accuracy and used as raw materials. -Regarding the specific gravity sorting treatment method and its treatment equipment for waste plastics that are recycled at the fuel conversion level.

自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器等の産業廃棄物は、再資源化する際に破砕・粉砕する。破砕機により破砕、粉砕した破砕物、粉砕物は、マグネットドラム等で選別し集積した「鉄」、同極磁石を使用した自動非鉄分分離機で分離、回収し集積した非鉄金属類を回収している。廃プラスチックについては廃棄処分されることが多かった。 Industrial waste such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, and plastic containers are crushed and crushed when they are recycled. Crushed and crushed products crushed and crushed by a crusher are separated and collected by an automatic non-ferrous metal separator using an automatic non-ferrous metal separator that uses a magnet drum or the like to sort and accumulate "iron", and the accumulated non-ferrous metals are collected. ing. Waste plastics were often disposed of.

このように廃棄処理されていた廃プラスチックについて、最近はリサイクル処理が行われ、廃プラスチックが有効に活用されるようになった。リサイクル処理のために収集された廃プラスチックには、多くの種類のプラスチックが混在しているほかに、土砂、ガラス等の異物が混入している。そのため、リサイクル処理においては、廃プラスチックを有価物として再利用するために、この廃プラスチックから異物を除去し、プラスチックの種類毎に選別する必要がある。 The waste plastics that have been disposed of in this way have recently been recycled, and the waste plastics have come to be used effectively. The waste plastics collected for recycling are a mixture of many types of plastics, as well as foreign substances such as earth and sand and glass. Therefore, in the recycling process, in order to reuse the waste plastic as a valuable resource, it is necessary to remove foreign substances from the waste plastic and sort it according to the type of plastic.

プラスチックは、表１の「プラスチックの種類と比重」に示すように、比重の小さいポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンから、比重の大きいポリカーボネート、ＰＥＴ樹脂（ポリエチレンテレフタレート）、ポリ塩化ビニルと比重値がそれぞれ異なる。また、同じ種類のプラスチックであっても、その製造方法の相違、利用目的の相違により微妙に比重値が異なる。 As shown in "Types and Specific Gravity of Plastics" in Table 1, plastics have different specific gravity values from polypropylene and polyethylene having a small specific gravity to polycarbonate having a large specific gravity, PET resin (polyethylene terephthalate), and polyvinyl chloride. Further, even if the same type of plastic is used, the specific gravity value is slightly different due to the difference in the manufacturing method and the difference in the purpose of use.

Figure 2021109309
Figure 2021109309

更に、プラスチック材料には、その剛性、耐熱性、寸法安定性の向上を図るため、結晶核剤としてタルクが充填されている。そのために、廃プラスチック破砕物、粉砕物の比重は、表１に示した比重表にある数値と異なることが多い。当然であるが、タルクの充填量が多い廃プラスチックは、比重表にある数値より大きな数値となる。タルクの充填量が少ない廃プラスチックは、比重表にある数値より小さな数値となる。 Further, the plastic material is filled with talc as a crystal nucleating agent in order to improve its rigidity, heat resistance and dimensional stability. Therefore, the specific densities of crushed waste plastics and crushed products are often different from the values in the specific densities table shown in Table 1. As a matter of course, the value of waste plastic with a large amount of talc filled is larger than the value in the specific gravity table. Waste plastic with a small amount of talc is smaller than the value in the specific gravity table.

有価物として再利用できる廃プラスチックを効率的に回収する技術が提案されている。例えば、特許文献１の特開２０１７−１７０６５３号公報「廃プラスチックの選別処理システムおよび選別処理方法」には、複数種類の材質を含む廃プラスチックから再利用プラスチックを選別するための廃プラスチックの選別処理システムであって、材質による波長の吸収度の相違に基づいて前記再利用プラスチックを選別するための光学式選別装置と、材質による比重の相違に基づいて前記再利用プラスチックの純度を高めるための遠心分離機と、を備え、前記光学式選別装置および前記遠心分離機を用いて前記廃プラスチックを処理することにより、前記再利用プラスチックの少なくとも１種類を種類別の再利用プラスチックとして選別する機能を有する、廃プラスチックの選別処理システムが提案されている。 A technique for efficiently recovering waste plastic that can be reused as a valuable resource has been proposed. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-170653 "Waste plastic sorting treatment system and sorting treatment method" of Patent Document 1 describes a waste plastic sorting treatment for sorting recycled plastics from waste plastics containing a plurality of kinds of materials. In the system, an optical sorting device for sorting the recycled plastic based on the difference in wavelength absorption depending on the material, and a centrifuge for increasing the purity of the recycled plastic based on the difference in specific gravity depending on the material. It is equipped with a separator, and has a function of sorting at least one type of the recycled plastic as a recycled plastic by type by treating the waste plastic using the optical sorting device and the centrifuge. , A waste plastic sorting system has been proposed.

特開２０１７−１７０６５３号公報JP-A-2017-170653

しかし、特許文献１の「廃プラスチックの選別処理システムおよび選別処理方法」は、材質による比重の相違に基づいて再利用プラスチックの純度を高めるための遠心分離機を用いることで、廃プラスチックの比重選別を行うものであるが、多種類のプラスチックが混在している破砕物、粉砕物については正確に選別できないという問題を有していた。 However, the "waste plastic sorting treatment system and sorting treatment method" of Patent Document 1 uses a centrifuge for increasing the purity of the recycled plastic based on the difference in the specific gravity depending on the material, thereby sorting the specific gravity of the waste plastic. However, there was a problem that it was not possible to accurately sort crushed products and crushed products in which various types of plastics were mixed.

本発明の発明者は、従来では単なる廃棄物であった、プラスチックをその種類ごとに正確に選別できれば、廃プラスチックを燃料・原料として再資源化（リサイクル）でき、価値あるものになると考えた。本発明の発明者は、プラスチックについても、金属と同じく種類毎に比重が相違する。廃プラスチックをリサイクル利用する際に、この廃プラスチックの比重差を利用して選別することに着目した。 The inventor of the present invention thought that if plastics, which were conventionally merely wastes, could be accurately sorted by type, the waste plastics could be recycled as fuels and raw materials, and would be valuable. The inventor of the present invention also has a different specific gravity for each type of plastic as well as metal. When recycling waste plastic, we focused on sorting by using the difference in specific density of this waste plastic.

本発明は、かかる問題点を根本的に解決するために創案されたものである。すなわち、本発明の目的は、廃プラスチックを種別ごとに選別回収することで、廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料として有効にリサイクルできる、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法及びその処理装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been devised to fundamentally solve such a problem. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics and a treatment apparatus thereof, which can effectively recycle crushed waste plastics as an organic material by sorting and collecting waste plastics by type. be.

第１の本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕工程（Ｓ３）と、
前記破砕工程（Ｓ３）により破砕した廃プラスチック破砕物から金属類磁性体を、磁力を用いて分離、回収する鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物に含まれる磁力で拾えない非鉄分を分離、回収する非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物を、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）と、
前記粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さい、浮遊する第１水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第１水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）と、
前記第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）により分離回収した第１水槽沈降物を、更に水槽において比重１より大きい重液で浮遊する第２水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第２水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する第２水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ８）と、
前記第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）により分離、回収した第１水槽浮遊物と、前記第２水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ８）により分離、回収した第２水槽浮遊物を脱水する脱水工程（Ｓ９）と、を有し、
前記第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）により分離処理した際に生じた第１水槽浮遊物は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、
前記第２水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ８）により分離処理した際に生じた第２水槽浮遊物は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により分離処理した際に生じた鉄と非鉄分は「金属類」として回収する、ことを特徴とする。 The first specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of the present invention is to separate valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then waste the waste plastics. This is a specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics, which sorts and collects crushed plastics by type of plastic so that organic materials can be effectively recycled.
A crushing step (S3) of crushing waste plastic to a predetermined size,
An iron separation / recovery step (S4) of separating and recovering a metal magnetic material from a crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing step (S3) using a magnetic force.
The non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5), which separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal that cannot be picked up by the magnetic force contained in the crushed waste plastic separated by the iron content separation and recovery step (S4),
A crushing and cleaning step (S6) in which the crushed waste plastic treated by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) is crushed to a predetermined size and washed.
In the water tank, the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step (S6) is separated and recovered into a floating first water tank floating material having a specific gravity of less than 1 and a settling first water tank settling material. Step (S7) and
The first water tank sediment separated and recovered by the first water tank specific gravity sorting step (S7) is further separated into a second water tank floating material floating in a heavy liquid having a specific density greater than 1 in the water tank and a second water tank sediment that is settled. , The second water tank specific gravity sorting step (S8) to collect,
A dehydration step (S9) of dehydrating the first water tank suspended matter separated and recovered by the first water tank specific gravity sorting step (S7) and the second water tank suspended material separated and recovered by the second water tank specific gravity sorting step (S8). And have
The suspended matter in the first water tank generated during the separation treatment in the first water tank specific gravity sorting step (S7) was recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".
The floating matter in the second water tank generated during the separation treatment in the second water tank specific gravity sorting step (S8) was recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".
It is characterized in that iron and non-ferrous metal generated during the separation treatment by the iron content separation / recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal content separation / recovery step (S5) are recovered as "metals".

第２の本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕工程（Ｓ３）と、
前記破砕工程（Ｓ３）により破砕した廃プラスチック破砕物から金属類磁性体を、磁力を用いて分離、回収する鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物に含まれる磁力で拾えない非鉄分を分離、回収する非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物を、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）と、
前記粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽における水流において浮遊する第１水流浮遊物と、沈降する第１水流沈降物とに分離、回収する第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）と、
前記第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）により分離、回収した第１水流沈降物を、更に該第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）の流速より速い流速の水流において浮遊する第２水流浮遊物と、その水流でも沈降する第２水流沈降物とに分離回収する第２水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２２）と、
前記第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）により分離、回収した第１水流浮遊物と、前記第２水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２２）により分離回収した第２水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水工程（Ｓ９）と、を有し、
前記第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）により分離処理した際に生じた第１水流浮遊物は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、
前記第２水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２２）により分離処理した際に生じた第２水流浮遊物は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により分離処理した際に生じた鉄と非鉄分は「金属類」として回収する、ことを特徴とする。 The second specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of the present invention separates valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then wastes the waste plastics. This is a specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics, which sorts and collects crushed plastics by type of plastic so that organic materials can be effectively recycled.
A crushing step (S3) of crushing waste plastic to a predetermined size,
An iron separation / recovery step (S4) of separating and recovering a metal magnetic material from a crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing step (S3) using a magnetic force.
The non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5), which separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal that cannot be picked up by the magnetic force contained in the crushed waste plastic separated by the iron content separation and recovery step (S4),
A crushing and cleaning step (S6) in which the crushed waste plastic treated by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) is crushed to a predetermined size and washed.
The first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) in which the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step (S6) is separated and recovered into a first water flow suspended matter floating in the water flow in the water tank and a settling first water flow sedimented material. When,
The first water flow sediment separated and recovered in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) is further divided into a second water flow suspended matter suspended in a water flow having a flow velocity higher than the flow velocity in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21). The second water flow specific gravity sorting step (S22), which separates and recovers the second water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow, and
The first water flow suspended matter separated and recovered by the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) and the second water flow suspended material separated and recovered by the second water flow specific gravity sorting step (S22) are dehydrated (S9). Have,
The first water flow suspended matter generated during the separation treatment in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) was recovered as a "petroleum refining raw material" and a "naphtha raw material".
The second water flow suspended matter generated during the separation treatment in the second water flow specific gravity sorting step (S22) was recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".
It is characterized in that iron and non-ferrous metal generated during the separation treatment by the iron content separation / recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal content separation / recovery step (S5) are recovered as "metals".

第３の本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕工程（Ｓ３）と、
前記破砕工程（Ｓ３）により破砕した廃プラスチック破砕物から金属類磁性体を、磁力を用いて分離、回収する鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物に含まれる磁力で拾えない非鉄分を分離、回収する非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物を、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）と、
前記粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さい、浮遊する第３水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第３水槽沈降物とに分離回収する第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）と、
前記第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）により分離回収した第３水槽沈降物を、更に所定の流速を有する水流において浮遊する第３水流浮遊物と、その水流でも沈降する第３水流沈降物とに分離回収する第３水流比重選別工程（Ｓ３２）と、
前記第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）により分離、回収した第３水槽浮遊物と、前記第３水流比重選別工程（Ｓ３２）により分離回収した第３水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水工程（Ｓ９）と、を有し、
前記第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）により分離処理した際に生じた第３水槽浮遊物は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、
前記第３水流比重選別工程（Ｓ３２）により分離処理した際に生じた第３水流浮遊物は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により分離処理した際に生じた鉄と非鉄分は「金属類」として回収する、ことを特徴とする。 The third specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of the present invention separates valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then wastes the waste plastics. This is a specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics, which sorts and collects crushed plastics by type of plastic so that organic materials can be effectively recycled.
A crushing step (S3) of crushing waste plastic to a predetermined size,
An iron separation / recovery step (S4) of separating and recovering a metal magnetic material from a crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing step (S3) using a magnetic force.
The non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5), which separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal that cannot be picked up by the magnetic force contained in the crushed waste plastic separated by the iron content separation and recovery step (S4),
A crushing and cleaning step (S6) in which the crushed waste plastic treated by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) is crushed to a predetermined size and washed.
A third water tank specific gravity sorting step in which the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step (S6) is separated and recovered in a water tank into a floating third water tank floating material having a specific gravity of less than 1 and a settling third water tank sediment. (S31) and
The third water tank sediment separated and recovered by the third water tank specific gravity sorting step (S31) is further divided into a third water flow floating material floating in a water flow having a predetermined flow velocity and a third water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow. The third water flow specific gravity sorting step (S32) for separation and recovery, and
A third water tank suspended matter separated and recovered by the third water tank specific gravity sorting step (S31) and a dehydration step (S9) for dehydrating the third water flow suspended material separated and recovered by the third water flow specific gravity sorting step (S32). Have,
The floating matter in the third water tank generated during the separation treatment in the third water tank specific gravity sorting step (S31) was recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".
The third water flow suspended matter generated during the separation treatment in the third water flow specific gravity sorting step (S32) was recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".
It is characterized in that iron and non-ferrous metal generated during the separation treatment by the iron content separation / recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal content separation / recovery step (S5) are recovered as "metals".

第４の本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕機（２０）と、
前記破砕機（２０）による廃プラスチック破砕物から鉄分を分離、回収する磁力選別機（３０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する非鉄分分離機（４０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）と前記非鉄分分離機（４０）により処理した廃プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄機（５０）と、
前記粉砕洗浄機（５０）で粉砕した廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１．００未満の第１水槽浮遊物は「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、比重１．００以上の廃プラスチックは第１水槽沈降物として分離回収する第１比重選別水槽（６０）と、
前記第１比重選別水槽（６０）により分離回収した第１水槽沈降物について、更に水槽において、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収する比重１より大きい重液で浮遊する第２水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第２水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する第２比重選別水槽（７０）と、
分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第１水槽浮遊物と第２水槽浮遊物を脱水する脱水装置（８０）と、を備えた、ことを特徴とする。 The fourth specific gravity sorting processing apparatus for waste plastics of the present invention separates valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then wastes the waste plastics. It is a specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastics that sorts and collects crushed plastics by type of plastic so that organic materials can be effectively recycled.
A crusher (20) that crushes waste plastic to a predetermined size,
A magnetic force sorter (30) that separates and recovers iron from the crushed waste plastic by the crusher (20), and
A non-ferrous metal separator (40) that separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal of the crushed waste plastic separated by the magnetic force sorter (30).
A pulverizing and washing machine (50) that crushes and cleans crushed waste plastic processed by the magnetic force sorter (30) and the non-ferrous metal separator (40) to a predetermined size.
The crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing washing machine (50) is collected in a water tank, and the suspended matter in the first water tank having a specific gravity of less than 1.00 is collected as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material" and has a specific gravity of 1.00 or more. The first specific gravity sorting water tank (60), which separates and recovers the waste plastic as the first water tank sediment, and
The sediment in the first water tank separated and recovered by the first specific gravity sorting water tank (60) is further suspended in the water tank with a heavy liquid having a specific gravity greater than 1 to be recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw fuel". A second specific gravity sorting water tank (70) that separates and collects the floating matter in the water tank and the sedimented material in the second water tank that settles,
It is characterized by being provided with a dehydrator (80) for dehydrating the first water tank suspended matter and the second water tank suspended matter of the separated and recovered crushed waste plastic.

第５の本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕機（２０）と、
前記破砕機（２０）による廃プラスチック破砕物から鉄分を分離、回収する磁力選別機（３０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する非鉄分分離機（４０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）と前記非鉄分分離機（４０）により処理した廃プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄機（５０）と、
前記粉砕洗浄機（５０）で粉砕した廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽における水流において浮遊する第１水流浮遊物は「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、沈降する第１水流沈降物とに分離、回収する、水流の流速を可変できる第１水流選別水槽（１１０）と、
前記第１水流選別水槽（１１０）により分離、回収した第１水流沈降物を、更に該第１水流選別水槽（１１０）の流速より速い流速の水流において浮遊する第２水流浮遊物は「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、その水流でも沈降する第２水流沈降物を分離、回収する、水流の流速を可変できる第２水流選別水槽（１２０）と、
分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第１水流浮遊物と第２水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水装置（８０）と、を備えた、ことを特徴とする。 The fifth specific gravity sorting processing apparatus for waste plastics of the present invention separates valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then wastes the waste plastics. It is a specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastics that sorts and collects crushed plastics by type of plastic so that organic materials can be effectively recycled.
A crusher (20) that crushes waste plastic to a predetermined size,
A magnetic force sorter (30) that separates and recovers iron from the crushed waste plastic by the crusher (20), and
A non-ferrous metal separator (40) that separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal of the crushed waste plastic separated by the magnetic force sorter (30).
A pulverizing and washing machine (50) that crushes and cleans crushed waste plastic processed by the magnetic force sorter (30) and the non-ferrous metal separator (40) to a predetermined size.
The waste plastic crushed material crushed by the crushing washing machine (50) is collected as the "petroleum refining raw material" and the "naphtha raw material" and used as the first water flow sediment that floats in the water flow in the water tank. The first water flow sorting water tank (110) that can separate and collect and change the flow velocity of the water flow,
The first water flow sediment separated and recovered by the first water flow sorting water tank (110) is further suspended in a water flow having a flow velocity higher than that of the first water flow sorting water tank (110). A second water flow sorting water tank (120) that can change the flow velocity of the water flow, which collects as "fuel" and "industrial reactor raw fuel" and separates and recovers the second water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow.
It is characterized by being provided with a dehydrator (80) for dehydrating the first water flow suspended matter and the second water flow suspended matter of the separated and recovered crushed waste plastic.

第６の本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕機（２０）と、
前記破砕機（２０）による廃プラスチック破砕物から鉄分を分離、回収する磁力選別機（３０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する非鉄分分離機（４０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）と前記非鉄分分離機（４０）により処理した廃プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄機（５０）と、
前記粉砕洗浄機（５０）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さく浮遊する第３水槽浮遊物を「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、沈降する第３水槽沈降物とに分離回収する第３比重選別水槽（２１０）と、
前記第３比重選別水槽（２１０）により分離、回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第３水槽沈降物を、水流において浮遊する第３水流浮遊物は「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、その水流でも沈降する第３水流沈降物を分離回収する、水流の流速を可変できる第３水流選別水槽（２２０）と、
分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第３水槽浮遊物と第３水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水装置（８０）と、を備えた、ことを特徴とする。 The sixth waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment apparatus of the present invention separates valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then wastes the waste plastics. It is a specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastics that sorts and collects crushed plastics by type of plastic so that organic materials can be effectively recycled.
A crusher (20) that crushes waste plastic to a predetermined size,
A magnetic force sorter (30) that separates and recovers iron from the crushed waste plastic by the crusher (20), and
A non-ferrous metal separator (40) that separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal of the crushed waste plastic separated by the magnetic force sorter (30).
A pulverizing and washing machine (50) that crushes and cleans crushed waste plastic processed by the magnetic force sorter (30) and the non-ferrous metal separator (40) to a predetermined size.
The waste plastic crushed material finely divided by the crushing washing machine (50) is collected in a water tank, and the floating material in the third water tank floating at a specific gravity of less than 1 is collected as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material" and settled in the third water tank. A third specific gravity sorting water tank (210) that separates and collects from the material,
The third water tank sediment of the waste plastic crushed material separated and recovered by the third specific gravity sorting water tank (210) is recovered as "cement raw material" and "industrial furnace raw fuel" for the third water flow floating matter floating in the water stream. Then, a third water flow sorting water tank (220) capable of varying the flow velocity of the water flow, which separates and recovers the third water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow, and
It is characterized by being provided with a third water tank floating matter of the separated and recovered waste plastic crushed material and a dehydrating device (80) for dehydrating the third water flow floating matter.

本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法では、廃プラスチック粉砕物について比重選別を数段階に行うことで、比重の異なるプラスチックをより高精度に選別することができる。そこで、廃プラスチックを原料・燃料化レベルの再資源化することができる。
第１水槽比重選別と第２水槽比重選別を有する、２段階の水槽比重選別を組み合わせた比重選別処理方法、選別装置は、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ＡＢＳ樹脂、ポリスチレンのような比較的に比重の小さいプラスチックの分離、回収に適している。
第１水流比重選別と第２水流比重選別を有する、２段階の水流比重選別を組み合わせた比重選別処理方法、選別装置は、ポリカーボネート、ポリ塩化ビニルのような比較的に比重の大きいプラスチックの分離、回収に適している。
第３水槽比重選別と第３水流比重選別を有する、水槽比重選別と水流比重選別とを組み合わせた比重選別処理方法、選別装置は、比重の小さいプラスチックと比重の大きいプラスチックが混在しているときに適している。 In the specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of the present invention, plastics having different specific densities can be sorted with higher accuracy by performing the specific gravity sorting of the crushed waste plastics in several stages. Therefore, waste plastic can be recycled at the raw material / fuel level.
A specific gravity sorting process method and a sorting device combining two-stage water tank specific gravity sorting having a first water tank specific gravity sorting and a second water tank specific gravity sorting are plastics having a relatively small specific gravity such as polypropylene, polyethylene, ABS resin, and polystyrene. Suitable for separation and recovery.
A specific gravity sorting treatment method that combines two-stage water flow specific gravity sorting having a first water flow specific gravity sorting and a second water flow specific gravity sorting, and a sorting device is for separating plastics having a relatively large specific density such as polycarbonate and polyvinyl chloride. Suitable for recovery.
A specific gravity sorting process method that combines a water tank specific density sorting and a water flow specific gravity sorting, which has a third water tank specific gravity sorting and a third water flow specific gravity sorting, and a sorting device when a plastic having a small specific density and a plastic having a large specific gravity are mixed. Is suitable.

実施例１の水槽比重選別工程を２段階で実施する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の基本形態を示す作業フロー図である。It is a work flow diagram which shows the basic form of the specific gravity sorting processing method of waste plastic which carries out the water tank specific density sorting process of Example 1 in two steps. 実施例１の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法における具体的な水槽比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図である。It is a work flow figure which shows an example of the specific water tank specific density sorting process in the specific gravity sorting process of waste plastic of Example 1. FIG. 実施例２の水流比重選別工程を２段階で実施する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の基本形態を示す作業フロー図である。It is a work flow diagram which shows the basic form of the specific gravity sorting processing method of waste plastic which carries out the water flow specific density sorting process of Example 2 in two steps. 実施例２の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法における具体的な水流比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図である。It is a work flow figure which shows an example of the specific water flow specific density sorting process in the specific gravity sorting processing method of waste plastic of Example 2. 実施例３の水槽比重選別と水流比重選別とを組み合わせた廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の基本形態を示す作業フロー図である。It is a work flow diagram which shows the basic form of the specific gravity sorting processing method of waste plastic which combined the water tank specific density sorting and the water flow specific density sorting of Example 3. FIG. 実施例３の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法における具体的な水槽比重選別工程と水流比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図である。It is a work flow figure which shows an example of the specific water tank specific density sorting process and water flow specific density sorting process in the specific gravity sorting process of waste plastic of Example 3. 実施例４の連続した比重選別水槽を有する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置の基本形態を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the basic form of the specific density sorting processing apparatus of waste plastic which has the continuous specific gravity sorting water tank of Example 4. FIG. 実施例５の連続した水流選別水槽を有する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置の基本形態を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the basic form of the specific gravity sorting processing apparatus of waste plastic which has the continuous water flow sorting water tank of Example 5. 実施例６の水槽比重選別と水流選別水槽とを組み合わせた廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置の基本形態を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the basic form of the specific gravity sorting processing apparatus of waste plastic which combined the water tank specific gravity sorting and the water flow sorting water tank of Example 6.

本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料として有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに数段階の比重選別処理を行い選別回収する処理方法である。 The specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of the present invention separates valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then the crushed waste plastics. This is a processing method in which plastics are sorted and collected by performing several stages of specific gravity sorting treatment for each type of plastic so that they can be effectively recycled as organic materials.

図１は実施例１の水槽比重選別工程を２段階で実施する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の基本形態を示す作業フロー図である。図２は実施例１の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法における具体的な水槽比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図である。
実施例１の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、廃自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について数段階の比重選別処理を行い、有機系材料の有用物に再資源化する処理方法である。特に、実施例１の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、廃プラスチックの分離回収に水槽比重選別工程を２段階で実施する。 FIG. 1 is a work flow diagram showing a basic embodiment of a waste plastic specific density sorting treatment method in which the water tank specific density sorting step of Example 1 is carried out in two stages. FIG. 2 is a work flow diagram showing an example of a specific water tank specific density sorting step in the specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastic of Example 1.
The specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of Example 1 is to separate valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as waste automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, and then the waste plastics. This is a treatment method in which the crushed material is subjected to several stages of specific gravity sorting treatment and recycled into useful materials of organic materials. In particular, in the specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of Example 1, a water tank specific gravity sorting step is carried out in two stages for separating and recovering the waste plastics.

＜廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の主処理ライン＞
実施例１の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、次の各処理工程を有する。主に、手選別工程Ｓ１、光学式選別工程Ｓ２、破砕工程Ｓ３と、鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ４と、非鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ５と、粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６と、第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７と、第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８と、脱水工程Ｓ９、乾燥工程Ｓ１０とを有する処理方法である。 <Main processing line of specific gravity sorting processing method for waste plastic>
The waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment method of Example 1 has the following treatment steps. Mainly, the manual sorting step S1, the optical sorting step S2, the crushing step S3, the iron separation and recovery step S4, the non-iron separation and recovery step S5, the crushing and cleaning step S6, the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7, and the first. This is a treatment method including a two-water tank specific gravity sorting step S8, a dehydration step S9, and a drying step S10.

手選別工程Ｓ１は、いわゆる粗選別工程であり、廃自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器等の廃プラスチックから、金属類、ガラス類、紙類、木片を除去し、その後の各処理作業に不具合が生じないようにする作業工程である。例えば、ベルトコンベア上で人が肉眼で見ながら、廃プラスチック以外のものを手作業で取り出す作業である。取り除いたものは残渣として扱われる。金属類はそのままリサイクル資源となる。 The manual sorting process S1 is a so-called rough sorting process, in which metals, glass, paper, and wood fragments are removed from waste plastics such as waste automobiles, home appliances, building materials, and plastic containers, and the subsequent processing operations are performed. This is a work process that prevents defects from occurring. For example, it is a work of manually taking out something other than waste plastic while a person sees it with the naked eye on a belt conveyor. The removed material is treated as a residue. Metals are used as recycled resources as they are.

光学式選別工程Ｓ２は、例えば、近赤外線により波長を解析して特定の材質を認識し、エアーノズルでその対象物を吹き飛ばして選別する作業工程である。処理の対象物に応じて、即ち廃棄物の物性（混合比）に応じて選別パターンを設定して作業するようになっている。光学式選別工程Ｓ２に代えて、又は共に乾式選別工程を用いることも可能である。 The optical sorting step S2 is, for example, a work step of analyzing a wavelength with near infrared rays to recognize a specific material, and blowing off the object with an air nozzle to sort the object. The sorting pattern is set according to the object to be treated, that is, according to the physical characteristics (mixing ratio) of the waste. It is also possible to use the dry sorting step instead of or both of the optical sorting step S2.

この光学式選別工程Ｓ２では、容器などのプラスチック製品、紙、段ボール、木材等の繊維類、工業用プラスチック（製造業で使用されるプラスチック）、鉄鋼及び非鉄金属、布地に装着された金属等の金属類の選別に利用する。
選別された廃プラスチック、金属類は回収され、リサイクルされる。繊維類などは残渣として扱われる。 In this optical sorting step S2, plastic products such as containers, textiles such as paper, corrugated cardboard, and wood, industrial plastics (plastics used in the manufacturing industry), steel and non-ferrous metals, metals attached to fabrics, etc. Used for sorting metals.
The selected waste plastics and metals are collected and recycled. Fibers and the like are treated as residues.

破砕工程Ｓ３は、廃自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕する処理工程である。この破砕工程Ｓ３では、後述する破砕機２０を用いてこれらの廃プラスチックを破砕する。廃プラスチックの破砕物（シュレッダーダスト）の粒径は１００〜３００ｍｍにする。実施例１の処理方法では破砕物について、例えば破砕物（シュレッダーダスト）をスクリュウコンベアのようなコンベアを用いて次工程へ搬送する。 The crushing step S3 is a processing step for crushing waste plastics such as waste automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics. In this crushing step S3, these waste plastics are crushed by using a crusher 20 described later. The particle size of the crushed waste plastic (shredder dust) is 100 to 300 mm. In the processing method of the first embodiment, for the crushed material, for example, the crushed material (shredder dust) is conveyed to the next step by using a conveyor such as a screw conveyor.

破砕工程Ｓ３で処理した破砕物は、次に鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ４で処理する。この鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ４では例えば磁力選別機３０（図７参照）を用いて廃プラスチックの破砕物について、鉄分を分離、回収する。鉄分が分離された破砕物は次工程に搬送する。 The crushed product treated in the crushing step S3 is then treated in the iron separation and recovery step S4. In this iron content separation / recovery step S4, for example, a magnetic force sorter 30 (see FIG. 7) is used to separate and recover iron content from crushed waste plastic. The crushed material from which iron is separated is transported to the next process.

鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ４で処理した破砕物は、次に非鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ５で処理する。この非鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ５では破砕工程Ｓ３における鉄分を分離した廃プラスチックの破砕物について、含有する非鉄分と更に鉄分を分離、回収する。非鉄分が分離された破砕物は次工程に搬送する。 The crushed product treated in the iron separation / recovery step S4 is then treated in the non-ferrous metal separation / recovery step S5. In this non-ferrous metal separation / recovery step S5, the non-ferrous metal contained and the iron content of the crushed product of the waste plastic from which the iron content has been separated in the crushing step S3 are further separated and recovered. The crushed material from which the non-ferrous metal is separated is transported to the next process.

鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ４と非鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ５で処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物は、必要に応じて、更に廃プラスチック破砕物に含有する金属、土砂、ガラスを選別し、除去する。このときは光学式分離回収工程、乾式分離回収工程更には人が行う手選別により選別し、除去する。 The crushed waste plastic treated in the iron separation / recovery step S4 and the non-ferrous metal separation / recovery step S5 is further selected and removed from the metal, earth and sand, and glass contained in the crushed waste plastic, if necessary. At this time, it is sorted and removed by an optical separation / recovery step, a dry separation / recovery step, and a manual sorting performed by a person.

非鉄分分離回収工程Ｓ５などで処理した廃プラスチック破砕物は、次に粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６で処理する。この粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６では、廃プラスチックの破砕物について、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する。粉砕後の粒径は５〜１００ｍｍにした。所定の大きさに粉砕した廃プラスチック粉砕物は次工程に搬送する。 The crushed waste plastic treated in the non-ferrous metal separation / recovery step S5 or the like is then treated in the crushing / cleaning step S6. In this crushing and washing step S6, the crushed material of waste plastic is crushed to a predetermined size and washed. The particle size after pulverization was 5 to 100 mm. The crushed waste plastic crushed to a predetermined size is transported to the next process.

＜水槽比重選別工程の構成＞
図２の水槽比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図に示すように、粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物は、次に第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７で、水槽において、第１水槽浮遊物と第１水槽沈降物とに分離回収する。ここで第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７、第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８と表現しているが、これらは等級とは関係なく、便宜的に表現したものである。同じく、第１水槽浮遊物と第１水槽沈降物及び第２水槽浮遊物と第２水槽沈降物と表現しているが、これらも順番、等級とは関係なく、便宜的に表現したものである。何れの工程で生じた結果物を特定するためである。 <Structure of water tank specific gravity sorting process>
As shown in the work flow diagram showing an example of the water tank specific gravity sorting step of FIG. 2, the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step S6 is then floated in the first water tank in the water tank in the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7. Separate and collect the material and the sediment in the first water tank. Here, the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7 and the second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8 are expressed, but these are expressed for convenience regardless of the grade. Similarly, the first tank floating matter and the first tank sediment and the second tank floating matter and the second tank sediment are expressed, but these are also expressed for convenience regardless of the order and grade. .. This is to identify the product produced in any of the steps.

＜第１水槽比重選別工程と第２水槽比重選別工程の動作）＞
第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７は、例えば、水を入れた水槽において浮遊するものと沈降するものに選別する水槽選別工程である。第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７と後述する第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８には、例えば箱型比重選別水槽を用いる。この箱型比重選別水槽は、その上面に取り付けられた複数のパドルと、この箱型選別水槽の底部に取り付けられた、沈降した廃プラスチック粉砕物を排出するらせん状の排出機を備えた処理装置を用いる。このような構成は一例であって、これに限定されないことは勿論である。 <Operations of the first water tank specific gravity sorting process and the second water tank specific gravity sorting process)>
The first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7 is, for example, a water tank sorting step of sorting into floating and sedimenting water in a water tank containing water. For example, a box-type specific gravity sorting water tank is used in the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7 and the second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8 described later. This box-type specific gravity sorting water tank is a treatment device equipped with a plurality of paddles attached to the upper surface thereof and a spiral discharger attached to the bottom of the box-type sorting water tank to discharge the settled waste plastic crushed material. Is used. It goes without saying that such a configuration is an example and is not limited to this.

第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７と第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８は、廃プラスチック粉砕物を、箱型比重選別水槽において表層の水をパドルでかきながら流水を形成し、比重の小さい第１水槽浮遊物、第２水槽浮遊物と、水底に沈降する比重の大きい第１水槽沈降物、第２水槽沈降物とに比重差で２種類に分離する処理工程である。自然沈降では長時間を要するが、流水を用いることで比重の異なる廃プラスチック粉砕物を短時間で分離選別することができる。 In the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7 and the second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8, the waste plastic crushed material is formed into running water while scraping the surface water with a paddle in the box-type specific gravity sorting water tank, and the floating matter in the first water tank having a small specific gravity is formed. This is a treatment step of separating the floating matter in the second tank, the sediment in the first tank having a large specific gravity, and the sediment in the second tank, which settle on the bottom of the water, into two types according to the difference in specific density. Although it takes a long time for natural sedimentation, crushed waste plastics having different specific densities can be separated and sorted in a short time by using running water.

この第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７では、比重１．００（１．００ｇ／ｃｍ２）未満の廃プラスチック粉砕物は第１水槽浮遊物として、比重１．００以上の廃プラスチック粉砕物は第１水槽沈降物として分離回収する。例えば、表１の「各プラスチックと比重」の表に記載されているように、廃プラスチック粉砕物に、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、電線のハーネスに用いられるポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、ゴム等について、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）が第１水槽浮遊物として選別される。選別されたポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）は脱水工程Ｓ９、更には乾燥工程Ｓ１０の処理を経て、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収する。 In the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7, the waste plastic crushed material having a specific gravity of less than 1.00 (1.00 g / cm 2 ) is regarded as the first water tank floating matter, and the waste plastic crushed material having the specific gravity of 1.00 or more is the first water tank. Separate and collect as sediment. For example, as shown in the table of "Each plastic and specific gravity" in Table 1, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), and polystyrene (PS) are added to the crushed waste plastic. ), Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, rubber and the like used for the harness of the electric wire, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are selected as the first floating matter in the water tank. The selected polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are subjected to the treatments of the dehydration step S9 and further the drying step S10, and are recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".

表１に示したように、廃プラスチック粉砕物は、大きく４群に分けることができる。水の比重１を基準に、比重１未満と、比重１よりやや大きいものと、更に比重の大きいものに分けることができる。
（ａ）比重１．００未満
ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）
ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）
（ｂ）比重１．００〜１．１０未満
ＡＢＳ樹脂（ＡＢＳ）
ナイロン１２（ポリアミド）
ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）
ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）
不飽和ポリエステル
ポリウレタン
（ｃ）比重１．１０〜１．１２未満
エポキシ樹脂
ナイロン６（ポリアミド）
ナイロン６６（ポリアミド）
アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂
（ｄ）比重１．１２以上
ＰＶＡ樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール
ポリカーボネート
ＰＥＴ樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート
ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂 As shown in Table 1, crushed waste plastics can be roughly divided into four groups. Based on the specific density 1 of water, it can be divided into those having a specific density of less than 1, those slightly larger than the specific density 1, and those having a higher specific density.
(A) Polypropylene (PP) with a specific density of less than 1.00
Polyethylene (PE)
(B) ABS resin (ABS) with a specific gravity of less than 1.00 to 1.10
Nylon 12 (polyamide)
Polystyrene (PS)
AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS)
Unsaturated polyester polyurethane (c) Specific density less than 1.10 to 1.12 Epoxy resin Nylon 6 (polyamide)
Nylon 66 (polyamide)
Acrylic resin, methacrylic resin (d) Specific gravity 1.12 or more PVA resin, polyvinyl alcohol polycarbonate PET resin, polyethylene terephthalate polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin

同じく、第１水槽比重選別工程Ｓ７において、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、電線のハーネスに用いられるポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、ゴム等が第１水槽沈降物として選別される。この第１水槽沈降物には、分離されなかったポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）も含まれる。 Similarly, in the first water tank specific gravity sorting step S7, AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride used for the harness of the electric wire, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, rubber and the like are first. Sorted as aquatic sediment. The first water tank sediment also contains polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) that have not been separated.

なお、水の比重１．００より軽い廃プラスチック粉砕物を選別するときは、比重１．００より小さい比重の油脂(比重が０．９０〜０．９４）を重液（比重液）に用いることも可能である。例えば、種々の工業用油脂を使い分けることで、比重１．００未満のポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）との選別も可能である。 When sorting waste plastic crushed products having a specific density of less than 1.00 of water, fats and oils (specific gravity of 0.99 to 0.94) having a specific density of less than 1.00 should be used as the heavy liquid (specific gravity liquid). Is also possible. For example, by properly using various industrial fats and oils, it is possible to sort polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) having a specific gravity of less than 1.00.

実施例１の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、第１水槽沈降物について、更に第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８により選別処理される。この第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８は、比重１．３０（１．３０ｇ／ｃｍ２）の重液を用いて、選別される。ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、難燃剤入ＰＰ等が第２水槽浮遊物として選別される。これらは脱水工程Ｓ９、更には乾燥工程Ｓ１０の処理を経て、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収する。ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、難燃剤入ＰＰ等は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収する。 In the method of specific gravity sorting treatment of waste plastic of Example 1, the sediment in the first water tank is further sorted by the second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8. This second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8 is sorted using a heavy liquid having a specific gravity of 1.30 (1.30 g / cm 2). Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), PP containing a flame retardant, and the like are selected as suspended matter in the second water tank. These are processed in the dehydration step S9 and further in the drying step S10, and polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material". AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), PP containing flame retardant, etc. are recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".

廃プラスチックに関して、例えば廃自動車には駆動用のモーター、ワイヤーハーネスが備えられている。これらのモーター、ワイヤーハーネスなどの線材には銅線が使用され、線材の表皮には塩化ビニルが多く使用されている。この塩化ビニルが破砕工程Ｓ３において、摩擦性を有する樹脂（ウレタン樹脂等）と絡み、塩素が混入しやすくなる。回収金属には塩素分、銅分が多く含まれている。自動車破砕残さ（シュレッダーダスト）であるＡＳＲ（Ａｕｔｏｍｏｂｉｌｅ Ｓｈｒｅｄｄｅｒ Ｒｅｓｉｄｕｅ）にも塩素分、銅分が多く含まれている。この塩素分、銅分が含まれたＡＳＲは焼却処理する際に、塩素分は炉内や周辺を腐食するために環境上好ましくない。そこで、この選別処理に用いる重液に、本発明では塩化ナトリウム（ＮａＣｌ）の溶液以外のものを使用することが好ましい。 Regarding waste plastics, for example, waste automobiles are equipped with a driving motor and a wire harness. Copper wire is used for wires such as these motors and wire harnesses, and vinyl chloride is often used for the skin of the wire. In the crushing step S3, this vinyl chloride is entangled with a resin having friction (urethane resin or the like), and chlorine is easily mixed. The recovered metal contains a large amount of chlorine and copper. ASR (Automobile Shredder Resolution), which is an automobile shredder dust, also contains a large amount of chlorine and copper. When the ASR containing chlorine and copper is incinerated, the chlorine content corrodes the inside and the surroundings of the furnace, which is environmentally unfavorable. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a heavy liquid other than the solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) as the heavy liquid used for this sorting treatment.

第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８により、第２水槽沈降物として選別された、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、土砂は残渣として回収する。塩素処理に利用される。例えば、この処理したものは埋立地に利用される。 Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, and earth and sand selected as the sediment in the second water tank by the second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8 are recovered as residues. Used for chlorination. For example, this processed product is used for landfill.

なお、必要に応じて、第２水槽比重選別工程Ｓ８の次に更に水槽比重選別工程を組み入れてもよい。プラスチックの種類が多様な場合に高精度な選別が可能になる。重液を微妙に変えて使用することができる。 If necessary, a water tank specific gravity sorting step may be further incorporated after the second water tank specific gravity sorting step S8. Highly accurate sorting is possible when there are various types of plastics. The heavy liquid can be used by slightly changing it.

図３は実施例２の水流比重選別工程を２段階で実施する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の基本形態を示す作業フロー図である。図４は実施例２の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法における具体的な水流比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図である。
実施例２の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、実施例１の比重選別処理に比重が異なる重液を用いたのではなく、流速の異なる水流を用いて浮遊物と沈降物とを選別する方法を用いた。特に、実施例２の比重選別処理方法は、廃プラスチックの分離回収に水流比重選別工程を２段階で実施する。なお、実施例1で説明した粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６までの説明は省略する。 FIG. 3 is a work flow diagram showing a basic embodiment of a waste plastic specific density sorting treatment method in which the water flow specific gravity sorting step of Example 2 is carried out in two stages. FIG. 4 is a work flow diagram showing an example of a specific water flow specific gravity sorting step in the waste plastic specific density sorting treatment method of Example 2.
The specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of Example 2 is a method of sorting suspended matter and sediment using water streams having different flow velocities, instead of using heavy liquids having different specific densities in the specific gravity sorting treatment of Example 1. Was used. In particular, in the specific gravity sorting treatment method of Example 2, the water flow specific gravity sorting step is carried out in two stages for the separation and recovery of waste plastic. The description up to the crushing and cleaning step S6 described in Example 1 will be omitted.

＜水流比重選別工程の構成＞
図４の水流比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図に示すように、粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物は、第１水流比重選別工程Ｓ２１で、水槽において、第１水流浮遊物と第１水流沈降物とに分離回収する。
この水流選別とは、水槽内において水を循環させた状態又は渦流の状態で、比重１．０を超える廃プラスチック粉砕物を選別することを可能とする選別方法である。投入口から投入された廃プラスチック粉砕物が、移動する水中においてその重力で沈降する前に、排出口に移動させられるために浮遊物として回収される。そこで、水流の流速が速いと比重１より大きい粉砕物を浮遊物として選別できる。水流の流速が遅いと比重１に近い粉砕物を浮遊物として選別できる。この流速を調節することで、微妙に比重の異なる廃プラスチック粉砕物を選別することができる。即ち、実施例１の「水槽比重選別」は水槽内で水中又は重液中で廃プラスチック粉砕物の比重差で浮遊物と沈降物に分離選別する方法である。これに対して、この実施例２の「水流比重選別」は水槽内で水中において、その水を所定の流速で移動させ、比重の大きな廃プラスチック粉砕物の沈降を遅らせることで、浮遊物と沈降物とに分離選別する方法である。
また、廃プラスチック粉砕物に土砂、ガラスが多く含まれている場合は、この水流比重選別工程を用いて、容易に沈降しやすい土砂、ガラスから廃プラスチック粉砕物を分離選別する際にも利用できる。 <Structure of water flow specific gravity sorting process>
As shown in the work flow diagram showing an example of the water flow specific gravity sorting step of FIG. 4, the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step S6 is combined with the first water flow suspended matter in the water tank in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step S21. Separated and recovered from the first water flow sediment.
This water flow sorting is a sorting method that makes it possible to sort waste plastic crushed products having a specific gravity of more than 1.0 in a state where water is circulated or in a vortex state in a water tank. The waste plastic crushed material thrown in from the inlet is collected as a suspended matter because it is moved to the outlet before it is settled by its gravity in the moving water. Therefore, when the flow velocity of the water flow is high, crushed matter having a specific density of more than 1 can be sorted as suspended matter. When the flow velocity of the water flow is slow, crushed matter having a specific density of 1 can be sorted as a suspended matter. By adjusting this flow velocity, waste plastic crushed products having slightly different specific densities can be selected. That is, the "water tank specific gravity sorting" of Example 1 is a method of separating and sorting into suspended matter and sediment by the difference in specific gravity of waste plastic crushed material in water or heavy liquid in the water tank. On the other hand, in the "water flow specific gravity sorting" of the second embodiment, the water is moved at a predetermined flow velocity in the water tank, and the sedimentation of the waste plastic crushed material having a large specific gravity is delayed, so that the suspended matter and the sediment are settled. It is a method of separating and sorting into things.
In addition, when the waste plastic crushed product contains a large amount of earth and sand and glass, this water flow specific gravity sorting process can be used to separate and sort the waste plastic crushed material from the earth and sand and glass that easily settle. ..

＜第１水流比重選別工程と第２水流比重選別工程の動作＞
第１水流比重選別工程Ｓ２１と後述する第２水流比重選別工程Ｓ２２には、例えば渦流式分離水槽を用いる。廃プラスチック粉砕物を水の渦流と比重差で分離するために、円筒水槽内の水をかき回すプロペラと、沈降した第１水流沈降物、第２水流沈降物を排出させる円筒水槽の底部に形成された漏斗状排出口と、円筒水槽の開口周縁に取り付けられた、分離された第１水流浮遊物、第２水流浮遊物を取り出す排出装置それぞれを備えた処理装置を用いる。これは一例であって、これに限定されないことは勿論である。 <Operations of the first water flow specific gravity sorting process and the second water flow specific gravity sorting process>
For example, a vortex type separation water tank is used in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step S21 and the second water flow specific gravity sorting step S22 described later. In order to separate the crushed waste plastic from the vortex of water by the difference in specific gravity, it is formed on the propeller that stirs the water in the cylindrical water tank and the bottom of the cylindrical water tank that discharges the settled first water flow sediment and the second water flow sediment. A treatment device equipped with a funnel-shaped discharge port and a discharge device for taking out separated first water flow suspended matter and second water flow suspended matter attached to the peripheral edge of the opening of the cylindrical water tank is used. Of course, this is just an example and is not limited to this.

第１水流比重選別工程Ｓ２１と第２水流比重選別工程Ｓ２２は、廃プラスチック粉砕物を渦流式円筒分離水槽において、水流に抗して渦流式円筒分離水槽の中心の水底に金属破砕物を沈降させる。回転する水流と共に渦流式円筒分離水槽の水面かつ中央に比重の小さい第１水流浮遊物、第２水流浮遊物を浮遊させて取り出す。比重の大きい第１水流沈降物、第２水流沈降物は水流と共に水中で回転させて渦流式円筒分離水槽の周縁から取り出すことで、比重の異なる廃プラスチック粉砕物について、水流（渦流）の流速を可変して数種類に迅速に分離することができる。 In the first water flow specific gravity sorting step S21 and the second water flow specific gravity sorting step S22, the waste plastic crushed material is settled in the vortex type cylindrical separation water tank on the water bottom at the center of the vortex type cylindrical separation water tank against the water flow. .. Along with the rotating water flow, the first water flow suspended matter and the second water flow suspended matter having a small specific gravity are suspended and taken out on the water surface and in the center of the vortex type cylindrical separation tank. The first water flow sediment and the second water flow sediment, which have a large specific gravity, are rotated in water together with the water flow and taken out from the periphery of the vortex type cylindrical separation water tank. It can be variable and quickly separated into several types.

第１水流比重選別工程Ｓ２１では、比重１．００（１．００ｇ／ｃｍ２）未満の廃プラスチック粉砕物は第１水流浮遊物として、比重１．００以上に相当する、水流の流速（５．００ｍ／分）を設定し、第１水流沈降物として分離回収する。例えば、表１の「プラスチックの種類と比重」の表に記載されているように、廃プラスチック粉砕物に、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、電線のハーネスに用いられるポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、ゴム等について、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）が第１水流浮遊物として選別される。選別されたポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）は脱水工程Ｓ９、更には乾燥工程Ｓ１０の処理を経て、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収する。 In the first water flow specific gravity sorting step S21, the waste plastic crushed material having a specific gravity of less than 1.00 (1.00 g / cm 2 ) is treated as the first water flow suspended matter and corresponds to the specific gravity of 1.00 or more. 00 m / min) is set and separated and recovered as the first water flow sediment. For example, as shown in the table of "Types and Specific Gravity of Plastics" in Table 1, crushed waste plastics include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), and polystyrene. Regarding PS), polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, rubber and the like used for harnesses of electric wires, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are selected as first water flow suspended matter. The selected polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are subjected to the treatments of the dehydration step S9 and further the drying step S10, and are recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".

同じく、第１水流比重選別工程Ｓ２１において、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、電線のハーネスに用いられるポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、ゴム等が第１水流沈降物として選別される。この第１水流浮遊物には、分離されなかったポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）も含まれる。 Similarly, in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step S21, AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride used for the harness of the electric wire, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, rubber and the like are first. Sorted as water flow sediment. The first water flow suspended matter also includes polypropylene (PP) and polypropylene (PP) that have not been separated.

この第１水流沈降物については、第２水流比重選別工程Ｓ２２により選別処理される。この第２水流比重選別工程Ｓ２２は、比重１．１０以上に相当する、水流の流速（７．５０ｍ／分）を設定して、選別される。ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、難燃剤入ＰＰ等が第２水流沈降物として選別される。これらは脱水工程Ｓ９、更には乾燥工程Ｓ１０）の処理を経て、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収する。ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、難燃剤入ＰＰ等は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収する。 The first water flow sediment is sorted by the second water flow specific gravity sorting step S22. In this second water flow specific gravity sorting step S22, the flow velocity (7.50 m / min) of the water flow corresponding to the specific gravity of 1.10 or more is set and sorted. Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), PP containing a flame retardant, and the like are selected as the second water flow sediment. These are subjected to the treatment of the dehydration step S9 and further the drying step S10), and polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material". AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), PP containing flame retardant, etc. are recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".

第２水流比重選別工程Ｓ２２により、第２水流沈降物として選別された、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、土砂は残渣として回収する。塩素処理に利用される。例えば、この処理したものは埋立地に利用される。 Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, and earth and sand sorted as the second water flow sediment by the second water flow specific gravity sorting step S22 are recovered as residues. Used for chlorination. For example, this processed product is used for landfill.

なお、必要に応じて、図示していないが更に水流比重選別工程を、第２水流比重選別工程Ｓ２２の次に組み入れてもよい。プラスチックの種類が多様な場合に高精度な選別が可能になる。水流の流速を微妙に変えて使用することができる。 If necessary, a water flow specific gravity sorting step (not shown) may be further incorporated after the second water flow specific gravity sorting step S22. Highly accurate sorting is possible when there are various types of plastics. It can be used by slightly changing the flow velocity of the water flow.

図５は実施例３の水槽比重選別と水流比重選別とを組み合わせた廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法の基本形態を示す作業フロー図である。図６は実施例３の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法における具体的な水槽比重選別工程と水流比重選別工程の一例を示す作業フロー図である。
実施例３の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法は、実施例１の比重が異なる重液を用いた水槽比重選別処理と、実施例２の流速の異なる水流を用いた水流比重選別を組み合わせた処理方法である。実施例３についても、実施例1で説明した粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６までの説明は省略する。 FIG. 5 is a work flow diagram showing a basic embodiment of a waste plastic specific density sorting treatment method in which the water tank specific gravity sorting and the water flow specific gravity sorting of Example 3 are combined. FIG. 6 is a work flow diagram showing an example of a specific water tank specific density sorting step and water flow specific gravity sorting step in the specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastic of Example 3.
The specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics of Example 3 is a treatment method combining the water tank specific gravity sorting treatment using heavy liquids having different specific densities in Example 1 and the water flow specific gravity sorting treatment using water streams having different flow velocities in Example 2. Is. Also in Example 3, the description up to the pulverization cleaning step S6 described in Example 1 will be omitted.

＜水槽比重選別工程、水流比重選別工程の構成＞
図６の水槽比重選別工程と水流比重選別工程の作業フロー図に示すように、粉砕洗浄工程Ｓ６で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物は第３水流比重選別工程Ｓ３１で第３水槽浮遊物と第３水槽沈降物とに分離回収し、次にこの第３水槽沈降物を第３水流比重選別工程Ｓ３２で第３水流浮遊物と第３水流沈降物とに分離回収する。 <Structure of water tank specific gravity sorting process and water flow specific density sorting process>
As shown in the work flow diagram of the water tank specific gravity sorting step and the water flow specific gravity sorting step of FIG. 6, the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step S6 is the third water tank floating matter and the third water tank in the third water flow specific gravity sorting step S31. It is separated and recovered as a sediment, and then the third water tank sediment is separated and recovered as a third water flow suspended matter and a third water flow sediment in the third water flow specific gravity sorting step S32.

第３水槽比重選別工程Ｓ３１は、例えば、水を入れた水槽において浮遊するものと沈降するものに選別する水槽選別工程である。この第３水槽比重選別工程Ｓ３１では、比重１．００（１．００ｇ／ｃｍ２）未満の廃プラスチック粉砕物は第３水槽浮遊物として、比重１．００以上の廃プラスチック粉砕物は第３水槽沈降物として分離回収する。例えば、表１の「各プラスチックと比重」の表に記載されているように、廃プラスチック粉砕物に、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、電線のハーネスに用いられるポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、ゴム等について、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）が第３水槽浮遊物として選別される。選別されたポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）は脱水工程Ｓ９、更には乾燥工程Ｓ１０の処理を経て、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収する。 The third water tank specific gravity sorting step S31 is, for example, a water tank sorting step of sorting into floating and sedimenting water in a water tank containing water. In the third water tank specific gravity sorting step S31, the waste plastic crushed product having a specific gravity of less than 1.00 (1.00 g / cm 2 ) is regarded as a floating matter in the third water tank, and the waste plastic crushed product having a specific gravity of 1.00 or more is regarded as a third water tank. Separate and collect as sediment. For example, as shown in the table of "Each plastic and specific gravity" in Table 1, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), and polystyrene (PS) are added to the crushed waste plastic. ), Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, rubber and the like used for the harness of the electric wire, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are selected as the floating matter in the third water tank. The selected polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are subjected to the treatments of the dehydration step S9 and further the drying step S10, and are recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".

同じく、第３水槽比重選別工程Ｓ３１において、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、電線のハーネスに用いられるポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、ゴム等が第３水槽沈降物として選別される。この第３水槽沈降物には、分離されなかったポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）も含まれる。 Similarly, in the third water tank specific gravity sorting step S31, AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride used for the harness of the electric wire, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, rubber, etc. are the third. Sorted as aquatic sediment. The third water tank sediment also contains polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) that have not been separated.

この第３水槽沈降物について、実施例３では、水槽の重液による水槽比重選別ではなく、水流比重選別工程で処理する。第３水槽比重選別工程Ｓ３１の次に第３水流比重選別工程Ｓ３２により選別処理される。この第３水流比重選別工程Ｓ３２は、比重１．１０以上に相当する、水流の流速（７．５０ｍ／分）を設定して、選別される。ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、難燃剤入ＰＰ等が第３水流浮遊物として選別される。これらは脱水工程Ｓ９、更には乾燥工程Ｓ１０の処理を経て、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収する。ＡＳ樹脂（アクリロニトリルスチレン）（ＡＳ）、ポリスチレン（ＰＳ）、難燃剤入ＰＰ等は、「セメント原燃料」として回収する。 In Example 3, the third water tank sediment is treated not by the water tank specific gravity sorting by the heavy liquid of the water tank but by the water flow specific gravity sorting step. After the third water tank specific gravity sorting step S31, the sorting process is performed by the third water flow specific density sorting step S32. In this third water flow specific gravity sorting step S32, the flow velocity (7.50 m / min) of the water flow corresponding to the specific gravity of 1.10 or more is set and sorted. Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), PP containing a flame retardant, and the like are selected as the third water flow suspended matter. These are processed in the dehydration step S9 and further in the drying step S10, and polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) are recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material". AS resin (acrylonitrile styrene) (AS), polystyrene (PS), PP containing flame retardant, etc. are recovered as "cement raw material fuel".

第３水流比重選別工程Ｓ３２により、第３水流沈降物として選別された、ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、金属、土砂は残渣として回収する。塩素処理に利用される。例えば、この処理したものは埋立地に利用される。 Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride resin (PVC), metal, and earth and sand sorted as the third water stream sediment by the third water flow specific gravity sorting step S32 are recovered as residues. Used for chlorination. For example, this processed product is used for landfill.

なお、必要に応じて、図示していないが、更に第３水槽比重選別工程Ｓ３１又は第３水流比重選別工程Ｓ３２の次に、水槽比重選別工程又は水流比重選別工程を組み入れてもよい。重液又は水流の流速を微妙に変えて使用することができる。 If necessary, although not shown, a water tank specific gravity sorting step or a water flow specific gravity sorting step may be incorporated after the third water tank specific gravity sorting step S31 or the third water flow specific density sorting step S32. It can be used by slightly changing the flow velocity of heavy liquid or water flow.

図７は実施例４の連続した比重選別水槽を有する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置の基本形態を示すブロック図である。
実施例４から実施例６は廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置である。実施例４は連続した比重選別水槽を有する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置である。
実施例４廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置は、主に光学式選別装置１０と、破砕機２０と、磁力選別機３０と、非鉄分分離機４０と、粉砕洗浄機５０と、第１比重選別水槽６０と、第２比重選別水槽７０と、脱水装置８０と、乾燥機９０とを備えた装置である。 FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment apparatus having a continuous specific gravity sorting water tank according to the fourth embodiment.
Examples 4 to 6 are waste plastic specific gravity sorting processing devices. Example 4 is a waste plastic specific density sorting treatment apparatus having a continuous specific gravity sorting water tank.
Example 4 The specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastic is mainly an optical sorting device 10, a crusher 20, a magnetic force sorting machine 30, a non-ferrous metal separating machine 40, a crushing washing machine 50, and a first specific gravity sorting water tank. It is an apparatus including 60, a second specific gravity sorting water tank 70, a dehydration apparatus 80, and a dryer 90.

光学式選別装置１０は、近赤外線により波長を解析して特定の材質を認識し、エアーノズルでその対象物を吹き飛ばして選別する装置である。破砕機２０は、廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する回転刃と固定刃とから成る装置である。 The optical sorting device 10 is a device that analyzes a wavelength by near infrared rays, recognizes a specific material, and blows off the object with an air nozzle to sort the object. The crusher 20 is a device including a rotary blade and a fixed blade that crush the waste plastic to a predetermined size.

磁力選別機３０は、廃プラスチックの破砕物について、磁力を利用して鉄分を分離、回収する装置である。非鉄分分離機４０は、廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する装置である。粉砕洗浄機５０は、プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する装置である。 The magnetic force sorter 30 is a device that separates and recovers iron from crushed waste plastic by using magnetic force. The non-ferrous metal separator 40 is a device for separating and recovering non-ferrous metals from crushed waste plastic. The crushing and washing machine 50 is a device that crushes and cleans crushed plastic products to a predetermined size.

第１比重選別水槽６０は、廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さい、浮遊する第１水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第１水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する比重選別装置である。
第２比重選別水槽７０は、第１比重選別水槽６０により分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第１水槽沈降物を、更に水槽において比重１より大きい重液で浮遊する第２水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第２水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する比重選別装置である。 The first specific gravity sorting water tank 60 is a specific gravity sorting device that separates and collects crushed waste plastic into a floating first water tank floating material having a specific gravity smaller than 1 and a settling first water tank sediment.
The second specific gravity sorting water tank 70 setstles the first water tank sediment of the waste plastic crushed material separated and recovered by the first specific gravity sorting water tank 60, and further floats in the water tank with a heavy liquid having a specific density of more than 1. This is a specific gravity sorting device that separates and collects the sediment from the second water tank.

脱水装置８０は、第１水槽浮遊物と第２水槽浮遊物を脱水する装置である。乾燥機９０は、脱水した第１水槽浮遊物と第２水槽浮遊物を乾燥する装置である。 The dehydrating device 80 is a device that dehydrates the suspended matter in the first water tank and the suspended matter in the second water tank. The dryer 90 is a device for drying the dehydrated first water tank floating matter and the second water tank floating matter.

図８は実施例５の連続した水流選別水槽を有する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置の基本形態を示すブロック図である。
実施例５は連続した水流選別水槽を有する廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置である。実施例４の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置は、主に光学式選別装置１０と、破砕機２０と、磁力選別機３０と、非鉄分分離機４０と、粉砕洗浄機５０と、第１水流選別水槽１１０と、第２水流選別水槽１２０と、脱水装置８０と、乾燥機９０とを備えた装置である。第１水流選別水槽１１０と第２水流選別水槽１２０以外は、実施例４の装置と同様であるため説明を省略する。 FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment apparatus having a continuous water flow sorting water tank according to the fifth embodiment.
Example 5 is a waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment apparatus having a continuous water flow sorting water tank. The waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment device of Example 4 is mainly an optical sorting device 10, a crusher 20, a magnetic force sorting machine 30, a non-ferrous metal separating machine 40, a crushing washing machine 50, and a first water flow sorting device. It is an apparatus including a water tank 110, a second water flow sorting water tank 120, a dehydrator 80, and a dryer 90. Except for the first water flow sorting water tank 110 and the second water flow sorting water tank 120, the same as the apparatus of the fourth embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

第１水流選別水槽１１０は、廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽における水流において浮遊する第１水流浮遊物は「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、沈降する第１水流沈降物とに分離、回収する装置である。第１水流選別水槽１１０は、水流の流速を可変することで、比重選別するようになっている。
第２水流選別水槽１２０は、第１水流選別水槽１１０により分離、回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第１水流沈降物を、この第１水流選別水槽１１０の流速より速い流速の水流において浮遊する第２水流浮遊物は「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、その水流でも沈降する第２水流沈降物を分離回収する装置である。第２水流選別水槽１２０は、水流の流速を可変することで、比重選別するようになっている。 In the first water flow sorting water tank 110, the waste plastic crushed material is collected as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material", and the first water flow suspended material suspended in the water flow in the water tank is separated into the settling first water flow sediment. It is a device for collecting. The first water flow sorting water tank 110 is adapted to perform specific gravity sorting by varying the flow velocity of the water flow.
The second water flow sorting water tank 120 floats the first water flow sediment of the waste plastic crushed material separated and collected by the first water flow sorting water tank 110 in a water flow having a flow velocity faster than the flow velocity of the first water flow sorting water tank 110. This is a device that recovers suspended water flow as "cement raw material" and "industrial furnace raw material", and separates and recovers the second water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow. The second water flow sorting water tank 120 is adapted to perform specific gravity sorting by varying the flow velocity of the water flow.

図９は実施例６の水槽比重選別と水流選別水槽とを組み合わせた廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置の基本形態を示すブロック図である。
実施例６は水槽比重選別と水流選別水槽とを組み合わせた廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置である。実施例６の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置は、主に光学式選別装置１０と、破砕機２０と、磁力選別機３０と、非鉄分分離機４０と、粉砕洗浄機５０と、第３比重選別水槽２１０と、第３水流選別水槽２２０と、脱水装置８０と、乾燥機９０とを備えた装置である。第３比重選別水槽２１０と第３水流選別水槽２２０以外は、実施例４の装置と同様であるため説明を省略する。 FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of a waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment apparatus in which the water tank specific gravity sorting and the water flow sorting water tank of Example 6 are combined.
Example 6 is a waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment apparatus in which a water tank specific gravity sorting and a water flow sorting water tank are combined. The waste plastic specific gravity sorting treatment device of Example 6 is mainly an optical sorting device 10, a crusher 20, a magnetic force sorting machine 30, a non-ferrous metal separator 40, a crushing washing machine 50, and a third specific gravity sorting device. It is an apparatus including a water tank 210, a third water flow sorting water tank 220, a dehydrator 80, and a dryer 90. Except for the third specific gravity sorting water tank 210 and the third water flow sorting water tank 220, the same as the apparatus of the fourth embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

第３比重選別水槽２１０は、廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さい、浮遊する第３水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第３水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する比重選別装置である。
第３水流選別水槽２２０は、第３比重選別水槽２１０により分離、回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第３水槽沈降物を、水流において浮遊する第３水流浮遊物は「セメント原燃料」として回収し、その水流でも沈降する第３水流沈降物を分離回収する装置である。 The third specific gravity sorting water tank 210 is a specific gravity sorting device that separates and collects crushed waste plastic into a floating third water tank floating material having a specific gravity smaller than 1 and a settling third water tank sediment.
The third water flow sorting water tank 220 collects the third water tank sediment of the waste plastic crushed material separated and collected by the third specific gravity sorting water tank 210, and the third water flow floating matter floating in the water stream is recovered as "cement raw fuel". It is a device that separates and recovers the third water flow sediment that also settles in that water flow.

なお、本発明は、廃プラスチックを種別ごとに選別回収することで、廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料として有効にリサイクルできれば、上述した発明の実施の形態に限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更できることは勿論である。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment of the invention and deviates from the gist of the present invention as long as the crushed waste plastic can be effectively recycled as an organic material by sorting and collecting waste plastics by type. Of course, it can be changed in various ways as long as it is not.

本発明の廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法及びその処理装置は、廃自動車に限定されず、自動車、家電製品、廃棄物から廃プラスチックを種別ごとに選別回収することで資源素材選別が有効な有機系原料などに利用することができる。 The specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics and the treatment apparatus thereof of the present invention are not limited to waste automobiles, but are organic systems in which resource material sorting is effective by sorting and collecting waste plastics by type from automobiles, home appliances, and wastes. It can be used as a raw material.

Ｓ３ 破砕工程
Ｓ４ 鉄分分離回収工程
Ｓ５ 非鉄分分離回収工程
Ｓ６ 粉砕洗浄工程
Ｓ７ 第１水槽比重選別工程
Ｓ８ 第２水槽比重選別工程
Ｓ９ 脱水工程
Ｓ２１ 第１水流比重選別工程
Ｓ２２ 第２水流比重選別工程
Ｓ３１ 第３水槽比重選別工程
Ｓ３２ 第３水流比重選別工程
２０ 破砕機
３０ 磁力選別機
４０ 非鉄分分離機
５０ 粉砕洗浄機
６０ 第１比重選別水槽
７０ 第２比重選別水槽
８０ 脱水装置
１１０ 第１水流選別水槽
１２０ 第２水流選別水槽
２１０ 第３比重選別水槽
２２０ 第３水流選別水槽 S3 Crushing step S4 Iron separation and recovery step S5 Non-iron separation and recovery step S6 Crushing and cleaning step S7 1st water tank specific density sorting step S8 2nd water tank specific density sorting step S9 Dehydration step S21 1st water flow specific density sorting step S22 2nd water flow specific density sorting step S31 3rd Relative Density Sorting Step S32 3rd Relative Density Sorting Step 20 Crusher 30 Magnetic Sorter 40 Non-Iron Separator 50 Crushing Washer 60 1st Relative Density Sorting Tank 70 2nd Relative Density Sorting Tank 80 Dehydrator 110 1st Relative Density Sorting Tank 120 2nd water flow sorting water tank 210 3rd specific density sorting water tank 220 3rd water flow sorting water tank

Claims (6)

自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕工程（Ｓ３）と、
前記破砕工程（Ｓ３）により破砕した廃プラスチック破砕物から金属類磁性体を、磁力を用いて分離、回収する鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物に含まれる磁力で拾えない非鉄分を分離、回収する非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物を、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）と、
前記粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さい、浮遊する第１水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第１水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）と、
前記第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）により分離回収した第１水槽沈降物を、更に水槽において比重１より大きい重液で浮遊する第２水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第２水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する第２水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ８）と、
前記第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）により分離、回収した第１水槽浮遊物と、前記第２水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ８）により分離、回収した第２水槽浮遊物を脱水する脱水工程（Ｓ９）と、を有し、
前記第１水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ７）により分離処理した際に生じた第１水槽浮遊物は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、
前記第２水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ８）により分離処理した際に生じた第２水槽浮遊物は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により分離処理した際に生じた鉄と非鉄分は「金属類」として回収する、ことを特徴とする廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法。 After separating valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, organic materials can be effectively recycled from the crushed waste plastics. This is a specific gravity sorting process for waste plastics, which sorts and collects each type of plastic.
A crushing step (S3) of crushing waste plastic to a predetermined size,
An iron separation / recovery step (S4) of separating and recovering a metal magnetic material from a crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing step (S3) using a magnetic force.
The non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5), which separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal that cannot be picked up by the magnetic force contained in the crushed waste plastic separated by the iron content separation and recovery step (S4),
A crushing and cleaning step (S6) in which the crushed waste plastic treated by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) is crushed to a predetermined size and washed.
In the water tank, the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step (S6) is separated and recovered into a floating first water tank floating material having a specific gravity of less than 1 and a settling first water tank settling material. Step (S7) and
The first water tank sediment separated and recovered by the first water tank specific gravity sorting step (S7) is further separated into a second water tank floating material floating in a heavy liquid having a specific density greater than 1 in the water tank and a second water tank sediment that is settled. , The second water tank specific gravity sorting step (S8) to collect,
A dehydration step (S9) of dehydrating the first water tank suspended matter separated and recovered by the first water tank specific gravity sorting step (S7) and the second water tank suspended material separated and recovered by the second water tank specific gravity sorting step (S8). And have
The suspended matter in the first water tank generated during the separation treatment in the first water tank specific gravity sorting step (S7) was recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".
The floating matter in the second water tank generated during the separation treatment in the second water tank specific gravity sorting step (S8) was recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".
A specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics, which comprises recovering iron and non-ferrous metals generated during the separation treatment by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) as "metals". .. 自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕工程（Ｓ３）と、
前記破砕工程（Ｓ３）により破砕した廃プラスチック破砕物から金属類磁性体を、磁力を用いて分離、回収する鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物に含まれる磁力で拾えない非鉄分を分離、回収する非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物を、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）と、
前記粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽における水流において浮遊する第１水流浮遊物と、沈降する第１水流沈降物とに分離、回収する第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）と、
前記第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）により分離、回収した第１水流沈降物を、更に該第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）の流速より速い流速の水流において浮遊する第２水流浮遊物と、その水流でも沈降する第２水流沈降物とに分離回収する第２水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２２）と、
前記第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）により分離、回収した第１水流浮遊物と、前記第２水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２２）により分離回収した第２水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水工程（Ｓ９）と、を有し、
前記第１水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２１）により分離処理した際に生じた第１水流浮遊物は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、
前記第２水流比重選別工程（Ｓ２２）により分離処理した際に生じた第２水流浮遊物は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により分離処理した際に生じた鉄と非鉄分は「金属類」として回収する、ことを特徴とする廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法。 After separating valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, organic materials can be effectively recycled from the crushed waste plastics. This is a specific gravity sorting process for waste plastics, which sorts and collects each type of plastic.
A crushing step (S3) of crushing waste plastic to a predetermined size,
An iron separation / recovery step (S4) of separating and recovering a metal magnetic material from a crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing step (S3) using a magnetic force.
The non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5), which separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal that cannot be picked up by the magnetic force contained in the crushed waste plastic separated by the iron content separation and recovery step (S4),
A crushing and cleaning step (S6) in which the crushed waste plastic treated by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) is crushed to a predetermined size and washed.
The first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) in which the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step (S6) is separated and recovered into a first water flow suspended matter floating in the water flow in the water tank and a settling first water flow sedimented material. When,
The first water flow sediment separated and recovered in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) is further divided into a second water flow suspended matter suspended in a water flow having a flow velocity higher than the flow velocity in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21). The second water flow specific gravity sorting step (S22), which separates and recovers the second water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow, and
The first water flow suspended matter separated and recovered by the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) and the second water flow suspended material separated and recovered by the second water flow specific gravity sorting step (S22) are dehydrated (S9). Have,
The first water flow suspended matter generated during the separation treatment in the first water flow specific gravity sorting step (S21) was recovered as a "petroleum refining raw material" and a "naphtha raw material".
The second water flow suspended matter generated during the separation treatment in the second water flow specific gravity sorting step (S22) was recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".
A specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics, which comprises recovering iron and non-ferrous metals generated during the separation treatment by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) as "metals". .. 自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕工程（Ｓ３）と、
前記破砕工程（Ｓ３）により破砕した廃プラスチック破砕物から金属類磁性体を、磁力を用いて分離、回収する鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物に含まれる磁力で拾えない非鉄分を分離、回収する非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）と、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により処理した廃プラスチックの破砕物を、所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）と、
前記粉砕洗浄工程（Ｓ６）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さい、浮遊する第３水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第３水槽沈降物とに分離回収する第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）と、
前記第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）により分離回収した第３水槽沈降物を、更に所定の流速を有する水流において浮遊する第３水流浮遊物と、その水流でも沈降する第３水流沈降物とに分離回収する第３水流比重選別工程（Ｓ３２）と、
前記第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）により分離、回収した第３水槽浮遊物と、前記第３水流比重選別工程（Ｓ３２）により分離回収した第３水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水工程（Ｓ９）と、を有し、
前記第３水槽比重選別工程（Ｓ３１）により分離処理した際に生じた第３水槽浮遊物は、「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、
前記第３水流比重選別工程（Ｓ３２）により分離処理した際に生じた第３水流浮遊物は、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、
前記鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ４）と非鉄分分離回収工程（Ｓ５）により分離処理した際に生じた鉄と非鉄分は「金属類」として回収する、ことを特徴とする廃プラスチックの比重選別処理方法。 After separating valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, organic materials can be effectively recycled from the crushed waste plastics. This is a specific gravity sorting process for waste plastics, which sorts and collects each type of plastic.
A crushing step (S3) of crushing waste plastic to a predetermined size,
An iron separation / recovery step (S4) of separating and recovering a metal magnetic material from a crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing step (S3) using a magnetic force.
The non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5), which separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal that cannot be picked up by the magnetic force contained in the crushed waste plastic separated by the iron content separation and recovery step (S4),
A crushing and cleaning step (S6) in which the crushed waste plastic treated by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) is crushed to a predetermined size and washed.
A third water tank specific gravity sorting step in which the waste plastic crushed material finely divided in the crushing and cleaning step (S6) is separated and recovered in a water tank into a floating third water tank floating material having a specific gravity of less than 1 and a settling third water tank sediment. (S31) and
The third water tank sediment separated and recovered by the third water tank specific gravity sorting step (S31) is further divided into a third water flow floating material floating in a water flow having a predetermined flow velocity and a third water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow. The third water flow specific gravity sorting step (S32) for separation and recovery, and
A third water tank suspended matter separated and recovered by the third water tank specific gravity sorting step (S31) and a dehydration step (S9) for dehydrating the third water flow suspended material separated and recovered by the third water flow specific gravity sorting step (S32). Have,
The floating matter in the third water tank generated during the separation treatment in the third water tank specific gravity sorting step (S31) was recovered as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material".
The third water flow suspended matter generated during the separation treatment in the third water flow specific gravity sorting step (S32) was recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw material fuel".
A specific gravity sorting treatment method for waste plastics, which comprises recovering iron and non-ferrous metals generated during the separation treatment by the iron separation and recovery step (S4) and the non-ferrous metal separation and recovery step (S5) as "metals". .. 自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕機（２０）と、
前記破砕機（２０）による廃プラスチック破砕物から鉄分を分離、回収する磁力選別機（３０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する非鉄分分離機（４０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）と前記非鉄分分離機（４０）により処理した廃プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄機（５０）と、
前記粉砕洗浄機（５０）で粉砕した廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１．００未満の第１水槽浮遊物は「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、比重１．００以上の廃プラスチックは第１水槽沈降物として分離回収する第１比重選別水槽（６０）と、
前記第１比重選別水槽（６０）により分離回収した第１水槽沈降物について、更に水槽において、「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収する比重１より大きい重液で浮遊する第２水槽浮遊物と、沈降する第２水槽沈降物とに分離、回収する第２比重選別水槽（７０）と、
分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第１水槽浮遊物と第２水槽浮遊物を脱水する脱水装置（８０）と、を備えた、ことを特徴とする廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置。 After separating valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, organic materials can be effectively recycled from the crushed waste plastics. It is a specific gravity sorting processing device for waste plastics that sorts and collects each type of plastic.
A crusher (20) that crushes waste plastic to a predetermined size,
A magnetic force sorter (30) that separates and recovers iron from the crushed waste plastic by the crusher (20), and
A non-ferrous metal separator (40) that separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal of the crushed waste plastic separated by the magnetic force sorter (30).
A pulverizing and washing machine (50) that crushes and cleans crushed waste plastic processed by the magnetic force sorter (30) and the non-ferrous metal separator (40) to a predetermined size.
The crushed waste plastic crushed by the crushing washing machine (50) is collected in a water tank, and the suspended matter in the first water tank having a specific gravity of less than 1.00 is collected as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material" and has a specific gravity of 1.00 or more. The first specific gravity sorting water tank (60), which separates and recovers the waste plastic as the first water tank sediment, and
The sediment in the first water tank separated and recovered by the first specific gravity sorting water tank (60) is further suspended in the water tank with a heavy liquid having a specific gravity greater than 1 to be recovered as "cement raw material fuel" and "industrial furnace raw fuel". A second specific gravity sorting water tank (70) that separates and collects the floating matter in the water tank and the sedimented material in the second water tank that settles,
A specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastic, comprising: a dehydrator (80) for dehydrating a first water tank floating matter and a second water tank floating matter separated and recovered crushed waste plastic. 自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕機（２０）と、
前記破砕機（２０）による廃プラスチック破砕物から鉄分を分離、回収する磁力選別機（３０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する非鉄分分離機（４０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）と前記非鉄分分離機（４０）により処理した廃プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄機（５０）と、
前記粉砕洗浄機（５０）で粉砕した廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽における水流において浮遊する第１水流浮遊物は「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、沈降する第１水流沈降物とに分離、回収する、水流の流速を可変できる第１水流選別水槽（１１０）と、
前記第１水流選別水槽（１１０）により分離、回収した第１水流沈降物を、更に該第１水流選別水槽（１１０）の流速より速い流速の水流において浮遊する第２水流浮遊物は「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、その水流でも沈降する第２水流沈降物を分離、回収する、水流の流速を可変できる第２水流選別水槽（１２０）と、
分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第１水流浮遊物と第２水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水装置（８０）と、を備えた、ことを特徴とする廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置。 After separating valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, organic materials can be effectively recycled from the crushed waste plastics. It is a specific gravity sorting processing device for waste plastics that sorts and collects each type of plastic.
A crusher (20) that crushes waste plastic to a predetermined size,
A magnetic force sorter (30) that separates and recovers iron from the crushed waste plastic by the crusher (20), and
A non-ferrous metal separator (40) that separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal of the crushed waste plastic separated by the magnetic force sorter (30).
A pulverizing and washing machine (50) that crushes and cleans crushed waste plastic processed by the magnetic force sorter (30) and the non-ferrous metal separator (40) to a predetermined size.
The waste plastic crushed material crushed by the crushing washing machine (50) is collected as the "petroleum refining raw material" and the "naphtha raw material" and used as the first water flow sediment that floats in the water flow in the water tank. The first water flow sorting water tank (110) that can separate and collect and change the flow velocity of the water flow,
The first water flow sediment separated and recovered by the first water flow sorting water tank (110) is further suspended in a water flow having a flow velocity higher than that of the first water flow sorting water tank (110). A second water flow sorting water tank (120) that can change the flow velocity of the water flow, which collects as "fuel" and "industrial reactor raw fuel" and separates and recovers the second water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow.
A specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastic, comprising: a dehydrator (80) for dehydrating a first water flow suspended matter and a second water flow suspended matter of the separated and recovered crushed waste plastic. 自動車、家電製品、建築材、プラスチック容器、破砕プラスチック等の廃プラスチックを破砕した破砕物から金属などの有価物を分離した後に、この廃プラスチック破砕物について有機系材料を有効にリサイクルできるように、プラスチックの種別ごとに選別回収する、廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置であって、
廃プラスチックを所定の大きさに破砕する破砕機（２０）と、
前記破砕機（２０）による廃プラスチック破砕物から鉄分を分離、回収する磁力選別機（３０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）により分離した廃プラスチック破砕物の非鉄分を、分離、回収する非鉄分分離機（４０）と、
前記磁力選別機（３０）と前記非鉄分分離機（４０）により処理した廃プラスチック破砕物を所定の大きさに粉砕し、洗浄する粉砕洗浄機（５０）と、
前記粉砕洗浄機（５０）で細かくした廃プラスチック粉砕物を水槽において、比重１より小さく浮遊する第３水槽浮遊物を「石油精製原料」、「ナフサ原料」として回収し、沈降する第３水槽沈降物とに分離回収する第３比重選別水槽（２１０）と、
前記第３比重選別水槽（２１０）により分離、回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第３水槽沈降物を、水流において浮遊する第３水流浮遊物は「セメント原燃料」、「工業炉原燃料」として回収し、その水流でも沈降する第３水流沈降物を分離回収する、水流の流速を可変できる第３水流選別水槽（２２０）と、
分離回収した廃プラスチック粉砕物の第３水槽浮遊物と第３水流浮遊物を脱水する脱水装置（８０）と、を備えた、ことを特徴とする廃プラスチックの比重選別処理装置。
After separating valuable resources such as metals from crushed waste plastics such as automobiles, home appliances, building materials, plastic containers, and crushed plastics, organic materials can be effectively recycled from the crushed waste plastics. It is a specific gravity sorting processing device for waste plastics that sorts and collects each type of plastic.
A crusher (20) that crushes waste plastic to a predetermined size,
A magnetic force sorter (30) that separates and recovers iron from the crushed waste plastic by the crusher (20), and
A non-ferrous metal separator (40) that separates and recovers the non-ferrous metal of the crushed waste plastic separated by the magnetic force sorter (30).
A pulverizing and washing machine (50) that crushes and cleans crushed waste plastic processed by the magnetic force sorter (30) and the non-ferrous metal separator (40) to a predetermined size.
The waste plastic crushed material finely divided by the crushing washing machine (50) is collected in a water tank, and the floating material in the third water tank floating at a specific gravity of less than 1 is collected as "petroleum refining raw material" and "naphtha raw material" and settled in the third water tank. A third specific gravity sorting water tank (210) that separates and collects from the material,
The third water tank sediment of the waste plastic crushed material separated and recovered by the third specific gravity sorting water tank (210) is recovered as "cement raw material" and "industrial furnace raw fuel" for the third water flow floating matter floating in the water stream. Then, a third water flow sorting water tank (220) capable of varying the flow velocity of the water flow, which separates and recovers the third water flow sediment that also settles in the water flow, and
A specific gravity sorting treatment device for waste plastic, which comprises a third water tank floating substance and a dehydrating device (80) for dehydrating the third water stream floating substance of the separated and recovered crushed waste plastic.
JP2020000092A 2020-01-06 2020-01-06 Specific gravity sorting processing method for waste plastics and processing device thereof Pending JP2021109309A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114714542A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-07-08 佛山市南海瑞泰机动车报废有限公司 Discarded automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114714542A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-07-08 佛山市南海瑞泰机动车报废有限公司 Discarded automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation
CN114714542B (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-11-22 佛山市南海瑞泰机动车报废有限公司 Scrapped automobile residue harmless treatment method based on residue separation

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