TW201009004A - Photovoltaic modules comprising plasticized intermediate layer films having a low polyvinyl acetate content - Google Patents
Photovoltaic modules comprising plasticized intermediate layer films having a low polyvinyl acetate content Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201009004A TW201009004A TW098114116A TW98114116A TW201009004A TW 201009004 A TW201009004 A TW 201009004A TW 098114116 A TW098114116 A TW 098114116A TW 98114116 A TW98114116 A TW 98114116A TW 201009004 A TW201009004 A TW 201009004A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- plasticizer
- film
- photovoltaic module
- polyvinyl acetal
- module according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910002014 Aerosil® 130 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(2-methylbutan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O ZMWRRFHBXARRRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVKREWPWSWPBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid;2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)CO.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VVKREWPWSWPBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IHTSDBYPAZEUOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-butoxyethyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCOCCCC IHTSDBYPAZEUOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HORIEOQXBKUKGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(7-methyloctyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HORIEOQXBKUKGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004806 diisononylester Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1-bromo-3-methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMHQFVGHBDXALM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)(CC)C(O)=O IMHQFVGHBDXALM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHHWVSYKBDVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC LVHHWVSYKBDVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLEKKNNRKVBKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2,2-diethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCO HLEKKNNRKVBKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXYWKXBAMJYTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(3-sulfanylpropanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound SCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCS BXYWKXBAMJYTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AQKNCPDLNBCKMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanoic acid;2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O.OCCOCCOCCO AQKNCPDLNBCKMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKZAKRAWLADLPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)[Ru+2].C(C)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)[Ru+2].C(C)(=O)[O-] JKZAKRAWLADLPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XZOZXCISUHRURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC)C(C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(C(CCCC)CCC)=O)CCCC Chemical compound C(CC)C(C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(C(CCCC)CCC)=O)CCCC XZOZXCISUHRURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEQVNDWYSYHYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(CCC)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(CCC)CCCC Chemical compound CCCCC(CCC)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(CCC)CCCC UEQVNDWYSYHYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100035474 DNA polymerase kappa Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710108091 DNA polymerase kappa Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisodecyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000033830 Hot Flashes Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010060800 Hot flush Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CCCC FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBCVMFKXIKNREZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acoh acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O YBCVMFKXIKNREZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CMCJNODIWQEOAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-butoxyethyl)phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCOCCCC CMCJNODIWQEOAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisononyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCC(C)C HBGGXOJOCNVPFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIKMCUJTKUQULE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-6-yl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(CCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCC OIKMCUJTKUQULE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PROZFBRPPCAADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl but-3-enoate Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)OC=C PROZFBRPPCAADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Substances OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetic acid acetate Chemical group [Na+].CC(O)=O.CC([O-])=O BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10688—Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008001505A DE102008001505A1 (de) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Photovoltaikmodule enthaltend plastifizierte Zwischenschicht-Folien mit niedrigem Polyvinylacetatgehalt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201009004A true TW201009004A (en) | 2010-03-01 |
Family
ID=41130696
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW098114116A TW201009004A (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Photovoltaic modules comprising plasticized intermediate layer films having a low polyvinyl acetate content |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102008001505A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW201009004A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009132987A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008001654A1 (de) * | 2008-05-08 | 2009-11-12 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Photovoltaikmodule enthaltend plastifizierte Zwischenschicht-Folien mit hohem Durchgangswiderstand und guter Penetrationsfestigkeit |
| EP2325001A1 (de) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-05-25 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Verbundverglasungen mit weichmacherhaltigen Folien geringer Kriechneigung |
| EP2336198A1 (de) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-22 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Polyvinylacetal mit hoher Fließfähigkeit und hiermit hergestellte weichmacherhaltige Folie |
| EP2354716A1 (de) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-10 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Spiegel für solarthermische Kraftwerke enthaltend weichmacherhaltige Polyvinylacetalfolien |
| JP5174280B2 (ja) | 2010-03-31 | 2013-04-03 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリビニルアセタールフィルムおよびその用途 |
| PL2410027T3 (pl) | 2010-07-21 | 2013-05-31 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Zastosowanie poliwinyloizoacetali w kompozycjach farb drukarskich |
| EP2851355A1 (de) | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-25 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Verwendung von Polyvinylisoacetalen für Keramikformulierungen |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE876681A (fr) | 1978-06-14 | 1979-11-30 | Bfg Glassgroup | Procede de fabrication d'un panneau comprenant au moins une cellule photovoltaique et panneau comprenant au moins une telle cellule |
| DE3066247D1 (en) | 1979-05-08 | 1984-03-01 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Method of manufacturing solar-cell panels and panels obtained by this method |
| EP0185863B1 (de) | 1984-12-24 | 1989-05-03 | Hüls Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Folien, insbesondere auf der Basis von Polyvinylbutyral mit geringer Oberflächenklebrigkeit |
| DE3538986C3 (de) | 1985-11-02 | 1994-11-24 | Deutsche Aerospace | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Solargenerators |
| US4681810A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-07-21 | Monsanto Company | Fire-resistant interlayer |
| FR2644112B1 (de) | 1989-03-10 | 1991-05-10 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | |
| DE4026165A1 (de) | 1990-08-15 | 1992-03-05 | Flachglas Solartechnik Gmbh | Bauplatte fuer laermschutzwand |
| DE4122721C1 (de) | 1991-07-06 | 1992-11-05 | Flachglas Solartechnik Gmbh | |
| DE4128766C2 (de) | 1991-08-29 | 1995-07-20 | Flachglas Ag | Solarmodul sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE4227860A1 (de) | 1991-09-19 | 1993-04-01 | Aug Guttendoerfer Gmbh & Co | Photovoltaische platte, insbesondere zum einsatz als fassadenplatte |
| DE19756274A1 (de) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-06-24 | Huels Troisdorf | Weichmacherhaltige Folie aus teilacetalisierten Polyvinylalkoholen |
| US6801652B1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2004-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for checking the presentation of components to an automatic onserting unit |
| DE19938159A1 (de) * | 1999-08-16 | 2001-02-22 | Huels Troisdorf | Verbundsicherheitsglas sowie PVB-Folie zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE19951444A1 (de) | 1999-10-25 | 2001-04-26 | Huels Troisdorf | Verfahren und Folie zur Herstellung von Verbundsicherheitsscheiben |
| DE10018517A1 (de) * | 2000-04-13 | 2001-10-18 | Clariant Gmbh | Hochmolekulare, vernetzte Polyvinylbutyrale, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
| DE10129422A1 (de) | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-02 | Huels Troisdorf | Weichmacherhaltige PVB-Folie |
| DE10143190A1 (de) | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-20 | Kuraray Specialities Europe | Hochmolekulare, vernetzte Polyvinylbutyrale, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
| DE10150091A1 (de) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-17 | Huels Troisdorf | PVB-Folie für Verbundsicherheitsglas und Verbundsicherheitsglas |
| DE10319198A1 (de) | 2002-07-04 | 2004-01-15 | Kuraray Specialities Europe Gmbh | Vernetzte Polyvinylacetale |
| EP1606325B1 (de) | 2003-01-09 | 2008-03-05 | Kuraray Europe GmbH | Vernetzte polyvinylacetale |
| US7511096B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2009-03-31 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Crosslinked polyvinyl acetals |
| DE20302045U1 (de) | 2003-02-10 | 2003-07-10 | Wulfmeier Solar Gmbh | Photovoltaik-Module mit PVB (Polyvinyl-Butyral)-Folie |
| DE102004030411A1 (de) | 2004-06-23 | 2006-01-19 | Kuraray Specialities Europe Gmbh | Solarmodul als Verbundsicherheitsglas |
| DE102007000817A1 (de) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Weichmacherhaltige Folien auf Basis von Polyvinylacetal mit erhöhter Glasübergangstemperatur und verbessertem Fließverhalten |
| DE102007000818A1 (de) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Photovoltaikmodule mit weichmacherhaltigen Folien geringer Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme |
| DE102007055733A1 (de) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-10 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Photovoltaikmodule mit reflektierenden Klebefolien |
-
2008
- 2008-04-30 DE DE102008001505A patent/DE102008001505A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-04-21 WO PCT/EP2009/054711 patent/WO2009132987A2/de active Application Filing
- 2009-04-29 TW TW098114116A patent/TW201009004A/zh unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009132987A2 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
| DE102008001505A1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
| WO2009132987A3 (de) | 2010-09-23 |
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