SU823517A1 - Method of apparatus for letting waste water into deep water beds - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to methods for devices for the discharge of sewage into water bodies, mainly into deep watercourses, and is intended for use in the field of water protection measures.

A technical solution is known, which is a method for disseminating wastewater, and a device in which it is implemented. According to it, the pipeline connected to the sewage collector is laid at the bottom of the river across the entire width of the channel, and the sewage is discharged through a series of caps made upwardly of flexible exhaust pipes made of tightly wound wire spiral and attached to pipe connections 1.

Discharge of sewage through a series of caps evenly distributed throughout the entire river width allows displacement of the discharged waste water with a large amount of river water, while improving the process of displacing waste and river water throughout the water flow width and achieves a considerable (compared to the riverbed concentrated release) reduction of the distance to the target of a given dilution rate.

However, fixing over the entire width of the watercourse at a constant depth of the tips with sharply changing hydrological

conditions (for example, significant changes in water level, changes in the velocity distribution in depth and width of the stream), as well as changes in physical properties, such as density, discharged sewage and water in a water body does not allow

to effectively regulate the process of intensification of sewage and river waters displacement both along the width and the depth of the river flow.

In deep watercourses it is also possible to form density sewage streams, which for a long time are not mixed with river waters, in which processes of displacement and subsequent self-purification are impeded.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the process of self-purification, mainly in deep streams due to the intensification of transverse movement of waste and river waters.

This goal is achieved by measuring the density of wastewater in a known method of discharging wastewater, which includes discharging wastewater by scattering, and simultaneously measuring the density of the upper and bottom layers of the watercourse at the discharge point of the watercourse compared with the density values of the waste water, and based on the results of the comparison, the water layer of the watercourse into which the wastewater is discharged is determined.

This goal is also achieved by dumping wastewater either into the upper water layer of the watercourse when the density of wastewater is greater than that of the upper layer, and the density of this layer is equal to or greater than the density of the bottom layer, or into the bottom layer when the density of wastewater is less than the density of this layer is equal to or greater than the density of the upper layer, or at the same time in the upper and lower layers, when the density of wastewater is less than the density of the bottom layer, but greater than the density of the upper layer.

In addition, in the proposed method, at appropriate values of sewage densities and water density of the upper and lower watercourse layers, at which the directional discharge of sewage is carried out simultaneously to the upper and bottom layers of the watercourse, the flow rate of wastewater in each of the layers is determined by the ratio

".

where Qg is the flow rate with the post of water discharged into the upper layer of the water course, m / s;

J. — sewage density, p — water density of the upper layer of the water course, —Water density of the bottom layer

watercourse

O - wastewater discharge discharged into the bottom layer of the watercourse, determined by the ratio

Qg QC- Qg,

where (g is the total wastewater discharge intended to be discharged into water ok,.

The goal is also achieved by the fact that a device that implements the proposed method of discharge of wastewater mainly to deep water courses, containing a pipe with tips, connected to the wastewater collector through adjustable valves, is laid at the bottom of the watercourse, and an additional pipeline with adjustable valves is connected to the wastewater collector head, placed in the upper layer of the watercourse and installed with the possibility of vertical movement, as well as with three sensors NOSTA water, the first of which is placed in the collection of waste water.

the second is in the upper layer of the watercourse; the third is in the bottom layer of the watercourse. In addition, the device is supplied with a source of compressed air and floats attached to an additional pipeline, while the latter is made flexible.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the wastewater disposal device of the proposed method; in fig. 2 - the same in terms of.

The device consists of a collection of 1 wastewater, which is connected to the main

and additional pipes 2 and 3. Additional pipe 3 is connected to the main pipe 2 by flexible fasteners 4. The main pipe 2 is equipped with a regulating valve 5 which is accessible

at the junction of the main pipeline 2 and the collection of 1 wastewater. The additional pipeline 3 is equipped with a regulating valve 6. In the wastewater collector 1, a sensor 7 of the density meter 8 is installed, measuring the density of the waste water. In the bottom

The watercourse layer has a sensor 9 of the density meter 10 measuring the water density in the bottom watercourse layer near the tips 11 of the main pipeline 2. Sensor 12 is installed in the upper watercourse layer

, a density meter 13 measuring the density of the upper layer of the watercourse near the tips 14 of the additional pipe 3. The flexible part 15 of the additional pipe 3 is attached to the floats 16, which are connected to the source 18 by the air ducts 17

0 compressed air.

The discharge of sewage into deep streams is carried out as follows.

In collection 1 of wastewater using sensor 7; the density meter 8, as well as in the bottom layer of the watercourse, the sensor 9 of the density meter 10 and in the upper layer of the watercourse of the sensor 12 of the density meter 13 measure the density of the waste water and, accordingly, the density of the water of the bottom and top layers of the watercourse. The obtained density values are compared with each other and according to the comparison results, the water layer of the watercourse into which the wastewater is discharged is determined.

At the same time, when the density of the waste water measured by the sensor 7 of the density gauge 8 is higher than the density of the upper layer of the watercourse measured by the sensor 12 of the density gauge 13, and the density of this layer is equal to or greater than the density of the bottom watercourse measured by the sensor 9 of the density gauge 10, then the waste water from wastewater collection 1, it is directed to an additional pipeline 3 with fully open control valve 6 and closed valve 5 preventing the flow of waste water into the main pipeline 2. In the case where the 55-density zody minutes,; 7 meter measured sensor 8 density less than the density of the bottom layer of the watercourse, measured by the sensor 10 the density meter 9, and the density of the layer is equal to or greater plotnoe-.

the upper layer of the watercourse measured by the sensor 12 of the density meter 13, then the wastewater from the wastewater collector 1 with the valve 6 of the additional pipeline 3 closed is directed to the main pipeline 2 with the open regulating valve 5. In the case where the density of the wastewater measured by the sensor 7, the density meter 8 is less than the density of the bottom layer of the watercourse measured by the sensor 9 of the density meter 10, but greater than the density of the upper layer of the watercourse measured by the sensor 12 of the density meter 13, the wastewater is directed to the foundations Noah and additional pipelines, while the control valves 5 and 6, respectively, of the main and auxiliary pipelines are opened to allow the corresponding flow rates of waste water to be determined by the ratio

where Qg is the waste of the ode discharged through an additional pipeline 3, m / s;

p is the density of waste water, measured by the sensor 7 of the meter 8 density,

fg is the density of the upper layer of the watercourse measured by the sensor 12 of the density meter 13,

j is the density of the lower layer of the watercourse measured by the sensor 7 of the density meter 8,

(о - wastewater discharged through the main pipeline, determined by the ratio.

Q8 Q-Qg.

where Q is the total wastewater flow,

to be discharged, Qg - wastewater discharge, discharged through an additional pipeline 3,.

When the water level changes, the flexible part 15 of the additional pipeline 3, attached by flexible fasteners 4 to the main pipeline 2, is shifted to the desired position along the depth of the water course by adjusting the air volume in the floats 16 connected by air ducts 17 to the source 18 of compressed air.

By regulating the discharge of wastewater through a watercourse, consideration is given to the most important physical properties of wastewater and river water (initial densities and temperatures), which have the greatest influence on the dilution and self-purification processes. In a water body, changes in these parameters are subject to seasonal patterns, while in different seasons, when there are great depths, there may be various ways in which the water body alternates between water bodies with different density values. The temperature and density of industrial wastewater depends on the process

processes and vary widely.

When discharging wastewater with a density less than the density of the lower layer of water, a density upper part is formed in the upper layer of the watercourse, which may not mix with the main channel flow for a long time, thus inhibiting the process of mixing and self-purification in the water body. A similar situation may occur.

in the lower part of the stream, when the wastewater is discharged (and the density is greater than the density of the upper water layer) into the lower layer of the water course, a lower density STREAM is formed; which is also a long time

does not mix in the depths of watercourses, and mixing and self-cleansing processes also deteriorate.

Thus, the implementation of the proposed method using the proposed device release wastewater

predominantly in deep watercourses, it allows in the aggregate to increase the efficiency of using known sewage dispersed effluent discharges, intensifies the process of diluting wastewaters over the entire area of the living section of the watercourse, prevents critical (for sanitary conditions of the watercourse) situations of occurrence of density sewage flows and their distribution to significant from the place of release of the distance

improves the self-cleaning process in the watercourse. The present invention will provide a significant positive effect when used in deep streams flowing through the territories of major cities and towns, when releases need to be made directly within the city, where the water use point is the entire section of the watercourse within the urban territory.

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Claims (4)

1. A method of discharging sewage into deep watercourses, which includes discharging sewage into a watercourse by dispersion, characterized in that, in order to improve the self-purification process of a watercourse due to the intensification of cross-mixing of sewage and river water, the density value of the sewage is measured and at the same time in place the discharge of wastewater is measured by the density values of the upper and bottom layers of the watercourse, the obtained values of the density of the water of the watercourse and the wastewater are compared and the results of the comparison determine the water layer of the watercourse in which Wastewater is discharged. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste water is discharged either into the upper layer of the water course when the density of the waste water is greater than that of the upper layer. and the density of this layer is equal to or greater than the density of the bottom layer, or in the bottom layer, when the density of wastewater is less than the density of the bottom layer, the libra is simultaneously in the upper and bottom layers, when the density of URGENT water is less than the density of the bottom layer, but greater than the density of the upper layer, In this case, the flow rate of waste water while simultaneously discharging is determined by ratio Ya I.P where Qg is the discharge of waste water discharged into the upper layer of the water course, m / s; 9h-flow of wastewater discharged into the bottom layer of the watercourse, m / s; A-density of waste water J g-density of water of the upper layer water flow, Pg-density of bottom water watercourse, kg / m. 3. A device for carrying out the method according to claims. 1 and 2, a pipeline with an adjustable valve and rims, laid on the bottom of the watercourse, connected to the sewage collector, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional pipeline with adjustable valve and tips installed with the possibility of vertical mixing, located in the upper layer of the watercourse , as well as three sensors measuring water density, the first of which is placed in the collection of waste water, the second - in the upper layer of the watercourse, and the third - in the bottom layer of the watercourse. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that it is provided with a source of compressed air and floats attached to an additional pipeline, the latter being made flexible. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. Konyushkov A. M. and Yakovlev S. V. Water supply and sewerage. M., stroiizdat, 1955, p. 384-392, p: 484-487. FIG. .2 Mchb / het / e metfeffuff