SU1707550A2 - Random signal power comparison device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used in the processing of random signals. The purpose of the invention — improving accuracy and expanding the field of application — is achieved by introducing into each channel an additional low-pass filter, an extremum extraction unit, a channel pulse shaper, and a voltage frequency converter, as well as four AND elements, two triggers, two additional pulse counters, a calculator, an L-input element OR, an input comparison block, a threshold block, and The additional pulse shaper, the execution of the generator, clock pulses with a control input, and the formation of new connections. The device allows for an optimal operation mode, consisting in that. that at low rates of change in the level of a signal the power level is made in a very repetitive time, with an increase in the rate of change of the signal, the frequency of the samples increases proportionally. In addition, the device allows to evaluate the nature of the difference in changes in the power level at the moments of its maximum and minimum values, also at the moments of the maximum rate of change of the signal, 1 or 0 p S

Description

The invention relates to the processing of random signals and can be used in radio astronomy, in various radio systems,

"As well as in other systems where the value to be measured is automatically compared with the reference value"

The aim of the invention is to improve W.c the languor of the device when comparing the power of random processes; determination of the nature of the differences, its changes, and so: Ke expansion of the scope for estimates of

determining the nature of differences in power change at the moments of its extreme values.

The drawing shows the functional scheme of the proposed device.

The device contains n channels, each of which consists of successively connected amplifier 1, square 2, integrator 3 with Soros, the output of each integrator 3 with cC (O-som is connected to the input of the corresponding additional memory element 4, The output of each element of memory L

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connected to the input of the corresponding inverter 5 and the input of the memory 6 memory. The output of the inverter 5 and the output of the memory element 6 of each channel are connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder 7 to two inputs. The output of the adder 7 to the two inputs of each channel is connected to the input of the corresponding key 8, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the adder.

9 on the inputs, the output of the adder. 9 on n inputs connected to input filter

10 low frequencies, the output of which is connected to serially connected separation capacitance 11, Schmitt trigger 12, driver of 13 pulses and pulse counter 1 Output of 15 clock generators, common to all channels, is connected to the input of the first delay element 16 and connected to the erasing one. the input of the memory elements 6 of all channels 0 The output of the first delay element 16 is connected to the input of the second delay element 17 and connected to the inputs that control the recording in the memory elements 6 of all channels. The output of the second delay element 17 is connected to the input of the third element 18 is delayed and connected to the erase inputs of additional memory elements k of all channels. The output of the third delay element 18 is connected to the input quad. of that delay element 19 and is connected to the inputs that control the recording in additional 1, the memory elements k of all channels; The output of the fourth delay element 1U is connected to the input of delay line 20 on i outputs, to the integrator reset inputs of 3 all channels and the counter 14 pulses ,, Outputs delay lines at the p outputs are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding switches 8 "Each channel also contains an additional low-pass filter 21 connected in series, an extremum extraction unit 22, a channel driver 23 pulses and a Frequency converter - voltage 2kt frequency converter outputs - voltage 2k is connected to the inputs of the n-input comparison unit 25, the output of the comparison unit 25 is connected to the frequency control inputs of the generator 15 clocks, the pulse width controls of the pulses of the channel formers 23 pulses and an additional former 27 them

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pulses and. with. the input of the threshold unit 26, the output of the threshold unit 26 is connected to the input of an additional pulse former 27. The output of the additional pulse former 27 is connected to the first input of the first element 28, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first trigger 29, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second element 30, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the first additional pulse counter $, the output which is connected to the input of the calculator 32 "The input of each additional low-pass filter 21 is connected to the output of the keys 8 of its channel, the outputs of the channel formers 23 pulses are connected to the corresponding inputs of the p-input ova element OR 33, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third element And 3, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second trigger 35, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fourth element And 36, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the second additional pulse counter 37 Second inputs the first 28 and third 3 And elements, as well as the reset inputs of the first 31 and second 37 additional pulse counters and the clock input of the calculator 32 are connected to the output of the fourth delay element 19

The second inputs of the first 29 and second

35 flip-flops are connected to the n-th input of the delay line 20 at the n outputs, the second inputs of the second 30 and fourth;

36 elements And connected to the output of the imaging unit 13 pulses, and the outputs of the first 31 and second 37 additional pulse counters and pulse counter connected to the corresponding inputs of the transmitter 32,

The calculator 32 in the Simplest case can be made in the form of a three-channel recorder, using clock pulses from a generator 15 "as time marks

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Blocks 21-27 can be performed,

in the simplest case, for example, for analyzing a signal with fast fluctuation processes on the basis of stan- dus / dyushyh analog blocks. For example, the extremum extraction unit 22 is based on a comparator and a delay line, the comparison unit 25 is on a fire mat

Parameters of diodes transmitting a signal with a large voltage level to the output — the requirement for the driver 27 and element 28 — to ensure the duration of the output pulse, equal to the period of the clock frequency of the generator-. torus 15 pulses, it can be made on the basis of the waiting multivibra. tori with controllable pulse duration. However, for the more general case, e; when working with signals, I have. wider range of rate of change of power, it is advisable

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in the adders 7 appear at the output of the keys 8 and then arrive at the input of the adder 9 to the n inputs. At the output of the adder 9 to the n inputs, a set of discrete signals is generated in time, the difference in the power of non-stationary random processes fixed in the adder 7o-Discrete the set of signals is fed to the lower 10 filter, which often smoothes the discrete set of signals, acts as an interpolpter. “At the output of the lower 10 filter

These blocks perform on their function: a continuous signal.

reflecting the nature of the differences in the power of nonstationary random processes in n channels. The signal from the output of the 10 low-pass filter is fed through the separating capacitance 11 to the input of the trigger 12 Shmi.tta. Hp during the Schmitt trigger 12, a signal is formed with steep edges and cuts. Moreover, the cuts of this signal are hacked by the number of extremums of the signal at the inlet of the separation capacitor 11. The output of the trigger 1 2 1 mitt is connected to the input of the driver of 13 pulses through the cut of the input pulses. Thus, on the output of the pulse generator 13, the pulses are the pulses corresponding to the cuts of the pulse signal at the output signal, the 12 h Schmitt trigger.

Ion analogs based on digital technology according to well-known schemes.

The device works as follows.

From the outputs of amplifiers 1 of each channel, the signal enters the quadrants 2, the voltage signals of each channel are summed in integrators 3 with a reset, the summation process in which begins after the end of the reset pulse from the output of the fourth delay element 19. The result of the summation in the integrators 3 is stored respectively in the additional memory elements, to which the pulse is first sent to the previous banner from the output of the second delay element 17, and then the pulse is applied to control the recording from the output of the third delay element 18. The previous values recorded in the additional memory elements are written to the 6 am elements, respectively. To do this, the memory elements 6 first receive a pulse erasing the generator 15 clock pulses, and then the pulse controlling the record from the first element 16 delays. The previous value and the result of the last integration in the integrator 3 inverted in the integrator 3 of each channel are added up in the accumulator 7o C of the outputs of the adder 7 of each channel, the signals are fed to the inputs of the keys 8o. The pulses to the control inputs of the switches & are received from the corresponding outputs of the 2P delay line. To the input of the short-wave drive. GGUPPS from the output of the element 19 zadr .; ;; 1; 0 In this way. read out successively in time through the interval t the values of the signals

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in the adders 7 appear at the outputs of the keys 8 and then go to the inputs of the adder 9 to the n inputs. At the output of the adder 9 to the n inputs, a set of discrete signals is generated in time, the differences in power variations of non-stationary random processes fixed in the adders 7o-This discrete set of signals enters the low-pass filter 10, which smoothes the discrete set of signals, acts as an interpolptorer. “At the output of the low-pass filter 10 a continuous signal is formed.

reflecting the nature of the differences in the power of non-stationary random processes in the n channels. The signal from the output of the low-pass filter 10 enters through the separation capacitance 11 to the input of the trigger 12 Schmi.tta. At the output of the Schmitt trigger 12, a signal is formed with steep edges and cuts. Moreover, sections of this signal are hacked by the number of extremums of the signal at the input of the separation capacitor 11. The output of the rub, ™ - hera 1 2 1 mitt is connected to the input of the generator of 13 pulses through the cut input pulses. Thus, at the output of the pulse generator 13, pulses appear, corresponding to the cuts of the pulse signal at the output signal, the 12 h Schmitt trigger.

The counting of these pulses is performed by a counter of 1 pulses, at the output

which fixes the total maximum number of a continuous signal on the output of the low-pass filter 10. The number of maxima shows the nature of the differences in the change in power of non-stationary random ones: the processes in the channels and are used for processing in the calculator 32c,

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 The outputs of the keys 8 of each channel are connected to the inputs of additional low-pass filters 21, which highlight an envelope showing the power change in each channel. This signal is fed to the input of the extremum extraction unit 22, which highlights the sections with the highest and lowest signal amplitude, and shapers 23 pulses, to the inputs of which the subassembly of the headheads are blz-. 1 Op 22 Degrees Ehgl, N .., .., I- these areas of duration, p-moves. Comparison unit 25 identifies the part-v. 7 1

greater rate of change dg. what t impulses

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channel formers 23 of each channel are fed to the inputs of frequency converters 24 - voltage, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs. n-input block 25 comparison. Ng.g.rlu.yuniye from the output of the n-input comparison unit is fed to the control input of the generator 15 clock pulses ": -: - c, made, for example, in r: .e..e VCO, correcting its clock frequency in In accordance with the maximum frequency of change of the signal level, it also enters the control inputs of the SZ ;; zonal shaper 23 pulses, correcting the duration of the input pulses, maintaining them approximately equal to the clock frequency period of the 15 clock pulse-pulse generator. In addition, the voltage from the output of the comparison unit 25 is fed to the input of the threshold block

ka 26, in which the trigger threshold is set, corresponding to a certain rate of change of the wave signal. From the output of the threshold unit 26, the signal arrives at, the input of the additional driver 27 pulses, to

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the control input of which is supplied with a correction output pulse duration signal from the output of the p-input-block 25 of comparison, three are presented to the driver 27, 35 are analogous to the requirements of the driver 23 o The pulse from the output of the additional driver 27 pulses

I opens the first element 28 And, on the second input of which the pulse starts the first trigger 29, which opens the second element 30 And when the pulse arrives from the output of the fourth 19 delay elements. The signals of polling the sensors of the n channels, which characterize the difference in changes and correspond to the moment of the maximum rate of change in the signal level, come from the output of the pulse former 13 to the input of the first additional counter 31, which has previously been zeroed, and then to the corresponding input of the transmitter 32 . By polling the survey with a pulse from the n-th output of the delay line 20 to 1 outputs, the first trigger 25 resets to - the initial state. Impulses

 characterizing the presence of extremes

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in the corresponding co.; ale from the outputs of the channel formers 23 pulses, are fed to the corresponding inputs of the n-input element .. SED. 33 from the output of which through the third element I 3 arrive at the first input of the second trigger 35, which is triggered by the arrival of the first pulse to the second input of the third element I 3 from the output of the fourth delay element 19 and opens the fourth element I 36, which receives pulses characterizing the difference in power changes at the moments of extremum of any of the channels from the output of the generator of 13 pulses to the input of the second additional pulse counter 37, which has previously been zeroed, and then to the corresponding input of the calculator 32. At the end of the polling pulse from the nth output of the delay line 20 to the n outputs, the second trigger 35 is reset to the initial state.

Thus, the device allows to provide an optimal mode of operation, which means that at low speeds of changes in the signal level, the power level is sampled after a very considerable time, as the rate of change in the signal level increases, the sampling frequency increases proportionally. In addition, the device makes it possible to evaluate the nature of the difference in power level changes at the moments of its maximum and minimum values, as well as at the moments of the maximum rate of change of the signal level, which significantly expands its scope.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for comparing the power of random signals by authsv. I 1277001, characterized in that, with the aim of increasing the accuracy and expanding the field of application of the device, consecutively connected additional low-pass filter, extremum extraction unit, channel pulse shaper, and frequency converter — voltage are introduced into each channel, and also four elements And, two triggers, two additional counters CHMPUL SOO, CHI-CH SLITG -:. P-INPUT element OR and serially connected n-input comparison block, pou17 the horn block and the additional pulse shaper, and the clock pulse generator is controlled, the input of the additional low-pass filter in each channel is connected to the output of the key, the output of each frequency converter - voltage is connected to the corresponding input of the n-input comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the control inputs of the clock pulse generator, channel drivers and the additional pulse driver, the output of the additional pulse driver is connected to the first input a first AND gate whose output is connected to the first input of the first flip-flop, whose output is connected to a first input of the second AND gate, whose output is connected to the input of the first additional pulse counter n-inputs OR input elements coupled to output sootvetstvuyu10 channel pulse shaper-. ow and its output is with the first input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second trigger, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fourth element I, the output of which is connected to the input of the second additional pulse counter, the second inputs of the first and third elements AND the reset inputs of the first and second additional pulse counters are combined and connected to the output of the fourth delay element and the clock input of the calculator, the second inputs of the second and fourth And elements are connected to the output of the imaging unit mpul.sov, second inputs of first and second flip-flops are connected to the n-th output delay line to n outputs, and the outputs of all pulse counters are connected to respective inputs of the calculator Compiled by S. Khromov Editor N, Lazarenko Tehred d.Kravchuk; Proofreader L Pilipenko Order 265 Circulation VNINPI Gs; ul st5enns-go xkitet on the basis of post studies to and discoveries in the USSR 113035, Mssh-a, Zh-35, Raushsk nzb., L. h / b Subscription