SU1642340A1 - Device for nondestructive testing of materials and products - Google Patents

Description

Isorethortion refers to non-destructive testing and can be used for radiation control of the cadre of materials -i product.

The aim of the invention is to improve the control accuracy by detecting defects at signal-to-noise ratio values close to one.

On league. 1 shows a block diagram of a device for diagnosing materials and products; in fig. 2 is a control block diagram.

The device contains a control unit (BL) 1, a radiation source 2 and a radiation detector 3 between which the monitoring object is located. Output

The radiation detector 3 is connected in series with the integrator 4, the amplifier 5, the analog-digital transducer b, the first key 7, the first memory block 8, the second key 9, the second memory block 10. The device is controlled by the CU 1, which has five control outputs 11–15. The second input of the first key 7 is connected to the first output i1 BU 1 “The second input of the second key 9 is connected to the second output 12 Uy 1. The third output 13 BU 1 is connected to the inputs of eight keys from the third to the tenth 1u-23, the first inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the second unit 10

ABOUT

oh

J

memory The output of the third key 16 is connected to the first inputs of the first block 24 of the subtraction, the first 25 and the second 26 adders. The output of the fourth key 17 is connected to the second input of the first subtractor 24 and the first inputs of the third 27 and fourth 26 adders. The output of the fifth key 18 is connected to the second inputs of the adders 25 and 26. The output of the sixth key 19 is connected to the second inputs of the adders 27 and 28. The outputs of the seventh key 20 and the eighth key 21 are connected to the third and fourth inputs of the second adder j 26. The outputs are nine 22 and the ten key keys are connected to the third and fourth inputs of the fourth adder 28. The output of the first subtraction unit 24 is connected to the first input of the first multiplication unit 2 29. The output of the first adder 25 is connected to the first input of the second subtraction unit 30, and the output of the adder 27 is connected to its second input. The output of the subtraction unit 30 through the first 2 division unit 31 is connected to the second input of the multiplication unit 29. The output of the adder 26 is connected to the first input, and the output of the adder 28 is connected to the second input of the third subtraction unit 32, the output of which through the second division block 33 is connected to the first input of the second multiplication unit 34, the second input of which is connected to the output of the multiplication unit 29, and the output is connected via the eleventh key 35 to the input of the third memory block 36. The second input of the key 35 is connected to the fourth output 14 of the CU 1. The output of the memory block 36 is connected to the first input of the twelfth key 37, the second input of which is connected to the fifth output 15 of the CU 1, and the output is simultaneously connected to the input of the first indicator 38 through serially connected the first detector 39, the first device 40 of comparison to the first input of the thirteenth key 41, connected in series through the second detector 42, the second comparison device 43 is connected to the second input of the thirteenth key 41. The output of the generator 44 through in series with union of the key 41, the counter 45 is connected to the first input of the fourteenth switch 46, the second input of which is connected to the output of the comparison device 43, and an output - to the input of the second indicator 47. The twelfth switch 37 output through the third suit in 48 g.rav3

5 p

 connected to the input of the third indicator 49. Reference voltages are supplied to the second inputs of the divider units and the comparison devices.

Presented in FIG. 2, the block diagram of the control unit 1 comprises a clock pulse generator (GTI) 50, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fifteenth key 51, the first trigger 52 with the first and second inputs, and the output of the key 51 through the first counter 53 connected to the second input of the trigger 52, the second input of the sixteenth key 54 and the first input of the second trigger 55. The output of the first trigger 52 is the first output 11 of the control unit 1, it is connected to the second input of the first key 7. The first input of the key 54 is connected to the output of the GTI 50, and the output through the second counter 56 is connected to the second entrance do trigger 55, the second input of the seventeenth key 57 and the first input of the third trigger 58. The output of the second trigger 55 is the second output 12 of the CU 1 and connected to the second input of the second key 9. The first input of the key 57 is connected to the output of the GTI 50, and the output through the third the counter 59 to the second input of the third trigger 58, the second input of the eighteenth key 60 and the first input of the fourth trigger 61. The output of the trigger 58 is the third output

13BU 1 and connected to the inputs of keys 16-23. The first input of the key 60 is connected to the output of the GTI 50, and the output through the fourth counter 62 is connected to the second input of the trigger 61, to the second input of the nineteenth key 63 and the first input of the fifth trigger 64. The output of the fourth trigger 61 is the fourth output

146U 1 and is connected to the second input of the eleventh key 35. The first input of the nineteenth key 63 is connected to the output of the GTI 50, and the output through the fifth counter 65 is connected to the second input of the fifth trigger 64, to the second input of the seventeenth key the trigger 58 and the input of the sixth counter 66. The output of the fifth trigger 64 is connected to the output of the second trigger 55 and is the second output 12 of the CU 1. The output of the counter 66 is connected to the second input of the twentieth key 67 and the first input of the sixth trigger 68. The first input of the key 67 is connected to the output of the GTI 50, and the output is black seventh counter 69 is connected to the second input of the flip-flop 68, whose output is the fifth output 15 BU 1 and connected to the second input of the twelfth key 37. The start button 70 is connected to the second input key 51 and to the first input of the first flip-flop 52.

The device works as follows.

The detection of a defect from the implementation, "containing a large level of noise, is performed by subtracting the values obtained by averaging over the neighboring second trigger input 52 j and the control signal is terminated. The output of the trigger 52 is the first output 11 of the CU 1, and the control signal from it is fed to the second input of the first key 7. Through the key 7, the realization of the initial process in the first memory block 8 is memorized. After that, a signal appears at the second output of 12 BU 1. The duration of the signal corresponds to the time during which the first,

eight samples of the original implementation are rewritten into the second block 10 of the groove; using the product of the mom. For this, the signal from the output of the counted-difference, chica 53 goes to the second turn the pole

The launch of the device is accomplished by the eighth key 54 and at the first input

the second trigger 55, the trigger 55 goes to the second stable state,

the non-overlapping areas with a real-time button 70 Startup of the CU 1. This starts the mechanism for moving the control object. The object moves in the pro-20 and at its output appears the control space between the source 2 and the detection signal. The key 54 is opened, and the torus is 3 beams. At the same time, the logic circuit of the CU 1 and, accordingly, the entire processing circuit of the GTI 50 is received at the input of the second counter 56. The trigger output 55 is the second output of the 12 CU 1, mation. The radiation from the source 2 of the radiation 25 and its control signal enters through the key 9 monitored at the second input. The signal is an object and enters the detector 3, the time required for the trans-1 radiation is different. The radiation transmitted through an object carries information about its internal structure and defects. Detector 30 Thereafter, the signal from the output of the counter-3 radiation converts the radiation to ka 56 arriving at the second input of the tri-electric signals. These signals are sent to integrator 4, which allows to obtain the pulse envelope of the detector. From the output of the integrator 4, the signals through the amplifier 5 are fed to the analog-to-digital converter 6. The digitized signals X are fed to the information processing circuit. The synchronizing unit of the device is the simultaneous readout time of the CU 1. At its outputs, the reads of all eight counts from a certain time interval of the memory block 10. For this signal with

the output of the counter 56 simultaneously enters the input of the seventeenth key 57

giving the first eight counts from the first block of 8 memory in the ago block 10.

Gera 55, it returns to the first steady state, and the control signal ends. At the end of this signal, a signal appears at the third output of 13 CU 1. This signal goes to the first inputs of the same type keys (from the third to the tenth) 16-23. The signal lifetimes correspond to the signals controlling the individual units of the device.

After starting the device on the first 45 and to the input of the third trigger 58, the output 11 of the CU 1 appears control. The trigger 58 goes to the second signal, which opens the first key 7. This is done as follows

in a way. The signal from the Start button is a steady state and a control signal appears at its output. The key 57 opens, and the pulses from the GTI 50 blunt to the key 51 and the trigger 52, the trigger 50 arrives at the input of the third counter, the ger 52 goes to the second stable 59. The output of the trigger 58 is the third state. At its output is the output of 13 BU 1, and its control signal is controlled. The simultaneous signal arrives at the second input key 51, and the pulses from the keys 16-23 that open, the GTI 50 arrive at the first counter and the signals from the second block 10 of the memory 53. But after the time required has passed, the further processing - to record the original implementation in the Ci information block. After that, the signal from memory 8, at the output of counter 53, at the output of counter 59, arrives at the second signal, which arrives at the swivel input of the trigger 58, it returns the second input of the trigger 52 j and the control signal ends. The output of the trigger 52 is the first output 11 of the CU 1, and the control signal from it is fed to the second input of the first key 7. Through the key 7, the realization of the initial process in the first memory block 8 is memorized. After that, a signal appears at the second output of 12 BU 1. The duration of the signal corresponds to the time during which the first,

the pulses from the GTI 50 are fed to the input of the second counter 56. The output of the trigger 55 is the second output 12 of the CU 1, and its control signal is fed to the second input of the key 9. The signal is the time required for the re-1 After that the signal from the output the counter 56 arrives at the second input triggers the time of simultaneous reading of all eight counts from location 10 of the memory. For this signal with

giving the first eight counts from the first block of 8 memory in the ago block 10.

the pulses from the GTI 50 are fed to the input of the second counter 56. The output of the trigger 55 is the second output 12 of the CU 1, and its control signal is fed to the second input of the key 9. The signal is the time required for the re-1 After that the signal from the output the counter 56 is fed to the second input triggered by the time of simultaneous reading of all eight counts from the memory block 10. For this signal with

Gera 55, it returns to the first steady state, and the control signal ends. At the end of this signal, a signal appears at the third output of 13 CU 1. This signal goes to the first inputs of the same type keys (from the third to the tenth) 16-23. The lifetime of the signal corresponds to

c to the first steady state and the control signal is terminated. The samples from memory block 10 are fed to a system of adders and subtraction blocks. Here, sums are accumulated and processed by non-intersecting implementation counts. Through the keys the third 16 and fourth 17 adjacent samples X and Xjj are fed to the inputs of the first subtractor 24. Simultaneously, the readout Hd through the key 16 goes to the first inputs of the first and second adders 25 and 26, and the counting Xs through the key 17 goes to the first inputs of the third and fourth adders 27 and

28 The counting Hz through the fifth key 18 enters the second inputs of the adders

25 and 26, and Xg reads through the sixth switch 19 to the second inputs of adders 27 and 28. Thus, non-intersecting sums of two counts are accumulated in adders 25 and 27. The X and X counts {through the seventh and eighth keys 20 and 21 arrive at the third and fourth inputs of the second adder 26. The Hu and X counts through the ninth and tenth keys 22 and 23 arrive at the third and fourth entrances of the fourth adder 28. In accumulators

26 and 28 accumulate non-intersecting sums of four counts. Then, the difference between the obtained amounts is taken, normalized, and the product of the obtained values is taken. From the output of the first subtractor 24, the signal is fed to the first input of the first multiplication unit 29. In this case, division into units is not performed. The signals from the outputs of the first adder 25 and the third adder 27 are fed to the inputs of the second subtraction unit 30. The resulting difference is divided by 2 in the first dividing unit 31, and the resulting vaticin is fed to the second input of multiplier 29. The signals from the outputs of the second 26 and fourth 28 adders are fed to the inputs of the third subtraction unit 32. The resulting difference is divided into four in the second division block 33 and fed to the second multiplication block 34, the second input of which receives the signal

from the output of block 29 multiply. The result of the work through the eleventh key 35 is memorized as the first reference in the third memory block 36. Memorization is performed on a signal from the fourth output 14 of the CU 1. This signal is generated as follows.

0

five

5 o

The signal from the output of the third counter 59 simultaneously enters the input of the eighteenth key 60 and the fourth trigger 61. The trigger goes into the second steady state, and a control signal appears at its output. The key 60 opens, and the pulses from the GTI 50 are fed to the input of the fourth counter 62. The trigger 61 output is the fourth output 14 of the CU 1, and its control signal is fed to the second input of the eleventh key 35, which allows the counting received in the second block 34 multiply, store in third memory block 36. Then a control signal appears at the second output 12 of the CU 1, the second key 9 is triggered, and one count from the first memory block 8 is rewritten into the second memory block 10, and the information in the memory block 10 is shifted:

five

0

five

five

in place of x. and

 2

etc.

0

place X, Xj

Xq in place of Xg. The sequence of operation of blocks 8-35 is repeated. The second sample obtained after the conversion through the key 35 is recorded in the third memory block 36, etc., until all the implementation contained in the first memory block 8 has been processed. If there is an 8 M sample in the memory block, then the number of such cycles will be M-8 and, accordingly, in the memory block 36, the M-8 samples will be stored.

The multiple repetition of the work of the blocks is organized as follows.

The signal from the output of the fourth counter o2 simultaneously arrives at the nineteenth key 63 and the fifth flip-flop 64. The flip-flop switches to the second steady state, and a control signal appears at its output. This signal, via the second output 12 U 1, is fed to the second input of the second key 9. A second count of the transformed implementation begins to be formed. The signal at the output of flip-flop 64 is a period of time necessary for the census of the next ninth reference from memory block 8 to memory block 10. Then, the counter 65 is triggered, the control signal at the output of the trigger 64 ends. At the same time, the signal from the output of the counter 65 is fed to the input of the seventeenth key 57, to the input of the third trigger 58 and to the input of the sixth counter 66. The sequence of operation of blocks 50, 57 - 66 is repeated

916

M-8 times. So many counts are accumulated in counter 66. Thus, all the initial implementation is processed.

Thereafter, a control signal appears at the output of the counter 66, which is supplied to the second input of the twentieth key 67 and to the first input of the sixth trigger 68. The trigger 68 goes to the second steady state, and a control signal appears at its output. The key 67 opens, and the pulses from the GTI 50 arrive at the seventh counter 69. After a certain period

ten

From peaks from the output of the key 37, a third comparison device 48 is supplied. The signal from its output is supplied to the third indicator 49. The reference signals correspond to the signal's focus. After this, the device is again ready for operation.

The advantage of the proposed device is that it allows detection of defects from realizations} having a signal-to-gum ratio close to one, while increasing the accuracy of the device. This leads to an increase in the reliability of the resulting

time counter 69 is triggered, trig information about the monitored object

thirty

the ger 68 enters the first steady state, and the signal at its output ends; The output of the trigger 68 is the fifth output 15 of the CU 1 and connected to the second input of the twelfth key 37. Information from the third memory block 36 via the key 37 is fed to the first indicator 38 and to the defect sizing circuit. The size of the defect is determined as follows. 25

After the initial implementation is transformed in blocks 7-36, random interference is smoothed, and the defect signal is marked by two types of peaks: positive polarity — the beginning of the defect and negative polarity — the end of the defect. The amplitude of the peaks significantly exceeds the amplitude of the original defect. Therefore, from the output of the switch 37, the signal is applied to two signal detectors. The first detector 39 transmits a positive polarity signal corresponding to the beginning of the defect. This signal is fed to the first comparator 40, where the background of the signal is clipped, and fed to the first input of the thirteenth key 41, the key is opened. Upon receipt of a negative peak corresponding to the end of the defect, it passes through the second detector 42, enters the second comparison device 43 and further to the second key input 41, the key closes. While the key 41 is open, the pulses from the generator 44 post40

45

and, therefore, increases the reliability of the control.

Claims (1)

1. A device for non-destructive testing of materials and products, containing a radiation brush, an indicator, a subtraction unit, and a series of connected radiation detector, integrator, amplifier, and analog-to-digital converter, in distinction No control accuracy by detecting defects at significant signal-to-noise ratios close to one, it is equipped with eight keys, three comparison devices, three memory blocks, four adders, two detectors, a counter, three subtractors, two business blocks, two multipliers, fourteen keys and an additional two indicators, the first output of the first key through the first memory block connected to the first input of the second key connected to the output of the second memory block, the second the inputs of the first and second keys are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the control unit, the first inputs of the third to the ten keys are connected to the corresponding outputs of the second memory unit, and the second inputs of the dedicated keys are combined and connected to the third output of the control unit, output The third key is connected to the first inputs of the first subtraction unit, the first and second adders, the output of the fourth key is connected to the second input of the first subtraction unit and to the first inputs of the third and fourth adders, the output is Con chen key to the second inputs of the first and second they drop on the counter 45. The number of pulses is proportional to the length of the defect. At the same time, the signal from the output of the comparator device 43 is fed to the input of the fourteenth key 46, the key is opened, and the value proportional to the size of the defect, from the output of the counter 45 is fed to the second indicator 47. To determine the size of the defect by the depth of translucency one and, therefore, increases the reliability of the control. Invention Formula 1. A device for non-destructive testing of materials and products, comprising a radiation brush, an indicator, a subtraction unit, as well as a series-connected radiation detector, an integrator, an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter, the difference 0 0 five 0 five No control accuracy by detecting defects with significant signal-to-noise ratio close to one, it is equipped with eight keys, three comparison devices, three memory blocks, four adders, two detectors, a counter, three subtractors, two division blocks, two multiplying blocks, four four keys and an additional two indicators, the first output of the first key through the first memory block connected to the first input of the second key connected to the output of the second memory block, second The first and second keys are connected to the first and second outputs of the control unit, the first inputs from the third to the ten keys are connected to the corresponding outputs of the second memory block, and the second inputs of the keys are combined and connected to the third output of the control unit, the third output the key is connected to the first inputs of the first subtraction unit, the first and second adders, the output of the fourth key is connected to the second input of the first subtraction unit and to the first inputs of the third and fourth adders, output n t th switch is connected to the second inputs of the first and second adders, the output of the sixth key is connected to the second inputs of the third and fourth adders, the output of the seventh and eighth keys is connected to the third and fourth inputs of the second summator, and the outputs of the ninth and tenth keys are connected to the third and fourth inputs of the fourth adder , start button connected to wto the stroke of the first subtraction unit is connected to the first input of the first multiplication unit, the output of the first adder is connected to the first input of the second subtraction unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the third adder, and the output of the second subtraction unit via the first division unit is connected to the second input of the first multiplication unit, output The second adder is connected to the first input of the third subtraction unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fourth adder, and the output of the subtraction unit through the second dividing unit is connected to the first input The second multiplication unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first unscrewing unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the single-small cell. with the key, ./c the tract memory unit with the first input of the twelfth key, the second inputs of the eleventh and twelfth keys are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth outputs of the control unit, the output of the twelfth key is connected to the input of the first indicator and simultaneously through serially connected first detector and the first comparison device to the first input of the thirteenth key, and through the second detector and the second comparison device connected in series to the second input of the thirteenth key, the input of which is connected to the generator, and a third output from the counter is connected to a first input of the fourteenth switch, the second input of which is coupled with the second foreign to the thirteenth key, and output - with a second indicator, the output of the twelfth through the third key device comparing sub keys to a third indicator, and the output analog-to-digital converter connected to the third input of the first key about tl and - control unit2. A device according to claim 1, in which laziness comprises a clock pulse generator connected to the first inputs from the fifteenth to the twentieth key five 0 g 5 Q 45 0 35 To the input of the fifteenth key and to the first input of the first trigger, the output of the fifteenth key through the first counter is connected to the second input of the first trigger, to the second input of the sixteenth key and the first input of the second trigger, the output of the first trigger is the first output of the control unit, the output of the sixteenth key through the second counter is connected to the second input of the second trigger, to the second input of the seventeenth key and to the first input of the third trigger, the output of the second trigger is the second output of the control unit, the output of the seventeenth the key through the third counter is connected to the second input of the third trigger, to the second input of the eighteenth key and to the first input of the fourth trigger; the output of the third trigger is the third output of the control unit, the output of the eighteenth key through the fourth counter is connected to the second input of the fourth trigger, to the second input of the nineteenth key and to the first input of the fifth trigger, the output of the fourth trigger, the nineteenth output key through the fifth counter is connected simultaneously to the second input of the fifth trigger, to the input of the sixth counter, to the second input of the seventeenth key and to the first input of the third trigger, and the output of the fifth trigger Connected to the output of the second trigger, the output of the sixth counter is connected to the second input of the twentieth key and to the first input of the sixth trigger, the output of the twentieth key through the seventh counter is connected to the second input of the sixth trigger, the output of which is the fifth output of the control unit. Sh. 1x hp ЈJf W SJf 9X LJf W Ql  SJf 9X LJf W Ql e wecfMHOH tUMSiqQ