SU1621819A1 - Method and apparatus for improving natural feed grounds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to improve the natural forage lands located on the slopes, as well as to protect them from water and wind erosion. The purpose of the invention is to increase the depth of the cultivated soil layer and reduce erosion processes. The method is carried out as follows: 7 2 3 The layer of sod is cut and laid on the edge, with a vegetative cover towards the top of the slope, into the slot opened simultaneously along the edge of the notch, higher along the slope B of the grass and covered with the soil removed from the slot. fertilizers and ameliorants are applied, and the seeds of legume grasses are sown in the turf from its vegetation cover. The device consists of circular knives 1 of the upper section and a section for cutting the slit, their cutting stands 2 and 3 and horizontal pruning. about the knife 4, the guide box 5 under the) .-, -Section of the section and the box 6 of the section is cut IP peel, draining box 1 To 7, wrapping the plate 8, passing the groove 9 Finger discs 10 and an annular roller 11 are mounted behind the release piece, above which the upper section of the chad is mounted a bunker 12 for grass grasses with sem wires, a bunker 13 for fertilizers, a bunker I for legumes, the sem wire of which is connected to the window 15 in the chute of the chute 9 During movement from / to

Description

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QFig. 7

The knives 1 cut strips of turf, which are cut by knife 4 and are fed along duct 5 onto plate 8 and placed on an edge in channel 9. Along channel 9, turf is guided into a slit, which is cut along the edge of the recess with racks 3 with a horizontal floor below. Cut out the soil on the box 5 and the drain tray 7 falls on the fingers

the discs are loosened and mixed with fertilizers and ameliorants, evenly covering the seeds of the grass grasses planted in front of the tray 7 on the solid bed of the notch. At the same time, the sowing of the legumes in the vegetation cover takes place. After the excavation is filled with soil, it is compacted with a roller 11. 2 s and 2 hp. f-ly, 2 ill.

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to improve natural forage lands located on slopes, as well as to protect them from water and wind erosion.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the depth of the cultivated soil layer and reduce erosion processes.

The method is carried out as follows.

The strip of turf is cut, the layer is raised, wrapped by 90 ° and laid on the edge, with a vegetative cover in the direction of the top of the slope in the slot, opened simultaneously on the edge of the notch, higher along the slope. During the period of raising and turnover of the seam (strip) of turf, at the same time, seeds of cereal grasses are sown on a dense bed of a recess. Then the seeds are covered with the mineral part of the soil removed from the gap, in which, during the process of laying, fertilizers and ameliorants are applied, and the seeds of leguminous grasses are sown at the top of the junction of the mineral soil with the soddy layer from the side of its vegetation cover. Seeds of cereal grasses are sown to a depth of 5-8 cm, legumes - by 2-3 cm, respectively, their optimum embedment depth. Then the strip of mineral soil roll down. The depth of the cut layer is 5-8 cm, width is 25-30 cm, the depth of the gap is 23-27 cm.

The retention of moisture and the reduction of soil washout of the upper loose layer occur as a result of the fact that alternating vertically mounted across the slope of the strip of turf, recessed into the parent rock (mineral soil) and protruding edges 2-3 cm above the surface of the loosened strips, contribute in aggregate to the translation flowing water into the groundwater runoff, as well as the accumulation of moisture in the upper layer.

The reclamation of the soil is achieved by the fact that these operations provide intensive decomposition of the natural turf stratum with suppression of the outbreak of weed spreading, as a significant part of the seeds of weed plants with the root system is found in creams in the depth of the mineral soil, where, decomposed, cultivates the subsoil, thereby creating favorable conditions for the growth and development of differentially planted seeds, sowing of which is done in depth and separately in pollen.

The strip of sod placed by vertical protruding edges above the main surface stabilizes retention on the slope of the loosened upper layer until the protruding turf is completely decomposed.

FIG. 1 shows a device for carrying out the method, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view (bunkers for seeds and fertilizers are removed).

The device consists of front-mounted single circular knives 1, spaced apart by the width of the treated strips, the upper undercut section and the section for cutting the slit, including cutting

racks 2 and 3, and a horizontal undercutting knife 4, united by a guide box 5 of the undercut section and a box 6 of the slot cutting section together with a side draining tray 7 mounted

between the cheeks of the upper undercutting section, having a wrapping plate 8, passing into the chute 9, for laying the layer of sod on the edge into the cutting joint. Between the cheeks of the guide box 5 behind the drain

Tray 7 has a tillage section mounted, which includes two rows of finger pins 10 and an ice rink 11, above which are placed on the cheeks of the box дл for the seed of grass grasses the front bunker

12 with these wires installed in front of the side discharge chute 7, medium for fertilizers and ameliorants, hopper 13 with tukolovdzmi brought into the space above the drain chute 7 and first row

finger discs 1C; a hopper 14 for seed of legumes is provided with a wire connected to the outside of the groove 9

to the window 15, made in the cheek of the chute 9 for the finger disks 10 in front of the roller 11 at the level of its support plane.

The device works as follows.

During the movement of the device, the circular knives 1 cut the sod into strips. Each strip is cut by an individual undercutting knife 4 and fed along the duct 5 onto the wrapping plate 8, where, moving toward the plane of the wrapping plate 8, the turf strip changes its position and, uniformly wrapped by 90 °, is positioned on the edge on one side of the box 5 in channel 9. Along channel 9, a strip of turf is guided into a cut slit, which is cut along the edge of each notch formed by cutting slit strips, and a rack 3 with horizontal undercutting elements is cut in the minimum soil. The cut out soil along the box 5 with the baffle plate is guided to the side discharge chute 7. Through the chute 7 mineral soil enters the groove (furrow), where the battery of finger discs 10 loosens and mixes the soil with fertilizers and ameliorants brought in from the hopper 13, while the mass of the soil is evenly distributed along the excavation (furrow), covering the seeds of grass grasses planted in front of the side drain chute 7, onto the solid excavation bed (furrow) of the bunker 12. Simultaneously with this, along the chute 9, a strip of sod falls into the slot and sows her astitelny cover, in the upper edge area of the seeds of legumes, from the hopper 14 through the seed wire and a window 15 in the cheek chute 9. After lowering the sod strip into the slot and filling the recess mineral soil is compacted ground roller 11.

Claims (4)

1. A method of improving natural forage lands, including cutting a stratum, forming a slot in the grooves at the site, then filling it up and placing the soil extracted from the slot on the surface, characterized in that in order to reduce erosion processes and increase the depth of the cultivated soil layer, the formation is cut to a width exceeding the depth of the slit into which it they lower, wrap in vegetation at the top of the slope and sow the seeds of legumes, and in the rest of the excavation sow the seeds of cereal, which are sprinkled with soil removed from the gap. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil is mixed with fertilizers and ameliorants. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot is cut along the edge of the recess nearest to the top of the slope. 4. A device for improving natural forage lands, containing cutting poles spaced in width and connected in the lower part to the undercut section, a soil reflector, above which is placed an upper undercut section connected to the upper cutting poles, with the upper undercut section provided with a discharge chute directed in the direction opposite to the movement, behind which a compacting roller is placed, characterized in that the discharge chute of the upper undercutting section is provided with a wrapping plate that forms with one of The walls of the drainage outlet are at the outlet of the drainage chute, and the section / to the slit cutting is equipped with an installed side from it and a discharge chute adjacent to the discharge chute, while behind the discharge chute of the section for the slit, the batteries of the finger discs are placed, and above the upper undercut section a bunker for cereal grass seed is installed with sections for cutting the seed wire located in front of the side discharge chute; a fertilizer and ameliorates bunker with fingers located between the side drain chute and battery x tukoprovodami drives and a bunker for seeds of legumes with sem wire, the output end of which is located in a hole made in the sidewall of the drain chute. J ". S N i N. .Л / 678 Yu Yu (lit 77 / Fiz.g 9 9