RU2095958C1 - Fruit-forest drill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular seeding of fruit tree and forest bush tree seeds on preliminarily leveled as well as unleveled fields. SUBSTANCE: drill has frame carrying working tools and units arranged in accordance with predetermined technological sequence to provide for rearrangement of frame for effectuating two standard five-line and six-line sowing patterns. Drill has land leveler formed as double-moldboard device with angle of 35 deg, container for aqueous solution and system of supply pipes with lower discharge funnels for gravitational supplying of aqueous solutions or water directly into seed furrows prior to embedding seeds. Drill is further provided with rod coverer fixed at predetermined depth depending on mechanical soil composition, distributing panels and section, on which discharge funnels, receiving funnels of seed guides and rod coverers are arranged in strict correspondence with parameters of standard sowing patterns. Netted mulching drum and covering roller for compacting loose layer of soil covered with mulching layer along the whole width of seeding strip are positioned in rear part of frame. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and improved quality of soil. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to sowing tools for sowing loose seeds of fruit, tree and shrub species in nurseries.

 A known unit containing a supporting frame, a scheduler-leveling device installed on it in a technological sequence, a tank for an aqueous solution with a feed tube system and a sowing device with vas deferens and closing working bodies (SU, copyright certificate, 1072830, class A 01 B 49/06 , 1984).

 This device provides both sowing and soil cultivation.

 However, it does not carry out a number of necessary tillage operations that increase the quality of sowing. There is no seeding with a mulching layer. To perform these operations, you have to use other tillage machines. In addition, loose seeds of fruit, tree and shrub species are usually sown in five-line and six-line patterns. This unit does not provide for seeding according to these schemes, and even more so the reconfiguration from one scheme to another.

 The technical result from the use of the invention: improving the quality of sowing work, reducing energy and money costs per unit area in fruit and forest nurseries.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the known device is equipped with distribution panels for arranging the lower funnels of the tubes and vas deferens and sections for arranging the closing working bodies in accordance with the schemes of five-line and six-line seeding and a mesh drum for mulch located on the rear of the frame with a sealing roller located underneath , the scheduler surfacer is designed as a height adjustable dvuhotvalnogo housing with an angle of 35 ^o, and earthing devices are in the form v rzhney.

 In FIG. 1 shows a seeder, side view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; in FIG. 3 technological scheme of seeding the sowing grooves with soil during five-line sowing with rod zagotagami; figure 4 the same with a six-line sowing; figure 5 shows a diagram of the arrangement of core zagortachki with five-line sowing; Fig.6 is the same, with six-row sowing.

 The seeder consists of a supporting frame 1, on which a towing device 2 is located at the end of the front part, then the working bodies and units are placed on it in the technological sequence: field surface leveling planner 3 with lifting screw 4, water solution tank 5 with filling hatch 6 , an air valve 7, a handrail with a signal button 8, with taps 9, inlet tubes 10 and drain lower funnels 11; marker roller 12 with a chain drive 13 to the sowing devices, tillers and scraper 14; seed box 16 with sowing devices, vas deferens 17 and receiving funnels 18; a distribution panel 15 for the supply tubes 10, which have drain funnels 11 placed and rigidly fixed in accordance with the parameters of the five and six-line crops; section 26 of the rod shorting 19 with the depth regulator 20; footboard for seeder 21; a compacting roller 22 with tillers and a chain drive 13 to the mesh drum 23; mesh drum 23 with mesh 12x12 mm; 24 steps for the seeder; trailed oil box 25.

 The seeder works as follows: with the help of a towing device 2, it is hung on the MT-82 and DT-75M tractors.

 The working speed of the sowing unit should be within 4-6 km / h.

 When moving the planner-leveling 3 aligns the surface of the field along the entire width of the sowing tape 1.3 m

 Marker roller 12 forms sowing grooves, in accordance with the accepted seeding patterns, a trapezoidal section with a width of 40 mm at the top, 20 mm deep and 20 mm wide at the lower base (bottom).

 From the tank 5 by gravity, an aqueous solution or simply water through the conductive tubes 10 and drain funnels 11 enters directly into the sowing grooves, before placing seeds in them.

 From the seed box 16 with the help of sowing machines, driven in rotational movement by a chain drive 13 from the marker roller 12, the seeds in the established norm through the seed tubes 17 and receiving funnels 18 are laid evenly on the moistened bed of sowing grooves.

 Following going rod biting 19 installed at a certain depth, the regulator 20 reliably seals the seeds with soil in the sowing grooves, without scattering of seeds.

 After embedding on the loosened surface of the soil, mulch is applied over the entire width of the sowing tape with a layer of 0.6 0.7 cm with a mesh shredder 23, driven into rotational motion by a chain drive 13 from the compacting roller 22.

 Next, the loosened layer of soil covered with a layer of mulch (fresh sawdust) is rolled up by a compacting roller 22.

 When sowing on sandy and sandy loamy soils, this ends the technological process. And, when sowing on medium and heavy loamy soils, this process ends with the introduction of an aqueous solution or just water into the sowing grooves that are covered and sprinkled with mulch using tubes 10, with lower drain funnels 11 placed on the rear distribution panel 15, in accordance with the accepted schemes sowing.

 Thanks to the performance of all technological operations in one pass of the unit, the quality of sowing work is significantly improved, in particular, soil germination of seeds and the yield of standard seedlings increases by 2-2.5 times, while reducing energy and money costs per unit area by 1.5- 2 times, compared with the separate execution of all technological operations: leveling the surface of the field, introducing an aqueous solution before and after sowing, mulching and rolling the sowing tapes using the necessary tools udium.

 For the convenience of servicing the seeder during operation, on both sides of the carrier frame 1 there are footboards 24 for the seeder where the alarm is connected.

 In order to carry out repeated mulching, it is enough to disconnect the compacting roller 22 with the mesh drum 23 from the main seeder and hang it on the T-40, T-25 tractor with the help of a trailed sheath 25.

Claims (1)

A fruit-forest seeder containing a support frame, a field planner-leveling device installed on it in a technological sequence, an aqueous solution tank with a supply tube system and a sowing device with vas deferens and terminating working organs, characterized in that it is equipped with distribution panels for arranging the lower funnel of tubes and vas deferens and a section for arranging the closing working bodies in accordance with the schemes of five-line and six-line seeding and located a rear frame for screen bowl with mulch located underneath the sealing roller, wherein the scheduler surfacer is designed as a height adjustable dvuhotvalnogo housing with an angle of 35 ^o, and earthing devices are designed as rods.

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