RU2737195C1 - Method of planting seedlings with a planting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry.

SUBSTANCE: method of planting seedlings with a planting machine relates to forestry, in particular, to methods of performing forest regeneration operations on cuttings when planting large seedlings and seedlings grown in planting compartment of nursery to 3-4 years with root cutting, without manual mandrel on fresh cutting and without soil preparation. Method of planting seedlings with a planting machine consists in the fact that before formation of a landing furrow a preparatory groove is formed by pulling a two-piece plow whose dumps are located below the ground surface. Then forest pavement is pushed into the preparative groove located above the preparatory groove. Further, a setting furrow is formed by pulling the ploughshare, which is partially sunk into the soil, and partially protruding above its surface, along the trajectory of the preparatory furrow filled with forest litter, the seedlings are laid in the planting furrow, the planting furrow is closed with the seedlings laid in it.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to improve conditions for growth of plants planted in a planting grouse by enriching the planting furrow with fresh fallen leaves and decomposing plant and animal remains.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine refers to forestry, in particular to methods of reforestation in clearings when planting large seedlings and seedlings grown in the sowing department of the nursery up to 3-4 years of age with root pruning, without manual mandrel in fresh clearings without preparation soil.

There is a method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine [Description for patent for invention RU 2535400 C1, publ. 10.12.2014, bul. No. 34] using a forest planting machine, which has a main frame with a planting apparatus placed on it, compacting rollers and a wheel-driven landing apparatus, a cross bar with a hitching mechanism and support wheels with flanges, and an opener. In front of the opener there is a trapezoidal blade with a point downward for cutting the soil layer and moving it up the slope. This method includes cutting out a layer of soil of a trapezoidal section in front of the opener and shifting it into the lateral perforated soil shaft, forming the planting furrow with the opener, placing the planting material in the planting furrow, filling the planting furrow with soil, and compaction of the soil.

The disadvantage of the known method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine is that it does not ensure that the forest litter, including freshly fallen leaves and decaying plant and animal remains on the soil surface, into the furrow created by the opener. And thus it does not contribute to the creation of a supply of nutrients for the growth of planted plants due to the gradual decay of the forest litter.

There is a known method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine, containing a frame made of the front and rear sections pivotally connected to it, support wheels, a hitch mounted on the bar of the front section, a coulter, in the sidewalls of which cutouts are made, and fixed on the rear section of the frame, sealing working bodies in the form of disks [Description of the invention to the inventor's certificate SU 161163, publ. 03/09/61, bul. No. 6]. This method is implemented as follows: a forest planting machine, moving along the area prepared for afforestation and with an anchor opener cuts a wedge-shaped planting furrow in the soil, into which the workers manually lower the seedlings. The first seeding of the seedling root system is carried out in the opener cavity with soil, which falls on it through the side cutouts in the opener sidewalls. Then the soil around the plant is crushed by the covering discs and finally compacted by the press rollers.

The disadvantage of the known method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine is that it does not ensure that the forest litter, including freshly fallen leaves and decaying plant and animal remains on the soil surface, into the furrow created by the plow. And thus does not contribute to the creation of a supply of nutrients for the growth of planted plants due to the gradual decay of the forest litter.

The closest in essence and taken as a prototype is a method of planting seedlings and saplings in clearings with a forest planting machine [Description of patent for invention RU 2184437 C1, publ. 10.07.2002, bul. No. 1 9], including a frame made in the form of hinged front and rear sections, support wheels, slot cutter, opener and closing working bodies in the form of disks. This method is implemented as follows: when driving, the slot-cutter is buried in the soil to a predetermined depth; the opener forms a wedge-shaped planting furrow; seedlings are lowered into the planting furrow; seeding the root system of the seedling with soil with spherical discs.

The disadvantage of the known method of planting seedlings and seedlings in clearings with a forest planting machine is that it does not ensure that forest litter, including freshly fallen leaves and decaying plant and animal residues located on the soil surface, enter the furrow created by the plow. And thus does not contribute to the creation of a supply of nutrients for the growth of planted plants due to the gradual decay of the forest litter.

The technical result of the proposed method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine is to ensure the entry of forest litter, including freshly fallen leaves and decaying plant and animal remains on the soil surface into the furrow created by the plow. The penetration of forest litter, including freshly fallen leaves and decaying plant and animal debris on the soil surface, into the furrow created by the plow will help create more favorable conditions for the growth of plants planted in the furrow by creating a supply of nutrients resulting from the gradual decay of the forest litter.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine, including the formation of a planting furrow by pulling the opener partially buried in the soil, and partially protruding above its surface, placing the seedlings into the planting furrow, sealing the planting furrow, first form a preparatory furrow by pulling in a two-moldboard plow whose dumps are below the surface of the ground, then push the forest litter into the preparatory furrow, located above the preparatory furrow, then form a planting furrow by pulling the opener along the trajectory of the preparatory furrow filled with forest litter, place the seedlings in the planting furrow, close the planting furrow with the seedlings laid in it ...

FIG. 1 shows a top view of a device for implementing the method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine. FIG. 2 shows a section A-A of the device for implementing the method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine. FIG. 3 shows a general view of the device for implementing the method of planting seedlings with a tree planting machine in isometric view. FIG. 4 shows a general view of the device for implementing the method of planting seedlings with a tree planting machine in dimetry.

The method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine includes the formation of a preparatory furrow 19 by pulling a double-moldboard plow 3 in such a way that its dumps 4, 5 are below the soil surface 18. Then push the forest litter located above the preparatory furrow 19 into the preparatory furrow 19. Further along the trajectory filled forest litter 6, preparation furrow 19 lay a planting furrow 20 by pulling the opener 11. In this case, the opener 11 moves the forest litter located in the preparation furrow 19 towards its bottom and edges. Seedlings 13 are placed in the planting furrow 20 and the planting furrow 20 is closed with sealing discs 15.

The proposed method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine can be implemented using, for example, the device shown in FIG. 1-4 as follows. A device for implementing the proposed method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine by means of a hitch located in the front of the frame 1 is attached to the base tractor (not shown in the figure). The basic tractor starts to move slowly. The device will then move behind the base tractor. The presence of running wheels 16 and a ballast box 17 makes it possible to maintain the distance between the frame 1 and the level of the soil surface 18.

When moving, the slot cutter 2 cuts the top layer of the soil, and the plow 3 behind it with double-sided dumps 4, 5 forms a preparatory furrow in the soil under the forest floor 6 (below the soil surface 18). Then, the forest litter 6, located above the preparation furrow, is pushed into the preparation furrow. To do this, between the dumps 4, 5 of the plow 3 and the frame 1, plate knives 7, 8 can be installed, ensuring the cutting of the forest litter 6 along the edges of the preparatory furrow 19 formed by the plow 3, located above it and connected by a transverse link 9. The transverse link 9 has a height greater than the distance from the upper edges of the dumps 4, 5 of the plow 3 to the soil surface 18 and is set at an obtuse angle of 10 to the horizontal with the top in the direction of travel. Further, the opener 11, moving along the trail of the preparatory furrow 19 covered with forest litter 6, forms a planting furrow 20. In this case, the opener 11 moves the forest litter located in the preparatory furrow to its bottom and edges. Then the planter, who is on the seat 12, places the seedlings 13 into the planting furrow, taking them from the box 14. Next, the planting furrow is closed with the sealing discs 15.

Due to the formation of the preparatory furrow by pulling the double-plow plow in such a way that its plows are below the ground surface and then pushing the forest litter located above the preparatory furrow into the preparatory furrow, the enrichment of the planting furrow is provided, created by pulling the opener along the trajectory of the preparatory furrow filled with forest litter and freshly fallen decomposing plant and animal residues and thereby creating more favorable conditions for the growth of plants planted in the planting furrow by creating a supply of nutrients in the planting furrow.

Claims (1)

A method of planting seedlings with a forest planting machine, including the formation of a planting furrow by pulling in an opener partially buried in the soil, and partially protruding above its surface, placing seedlings in a planting furrow, closing a planting furrow, characterized in that first a preparatory furrow is formed by pulling a double-plow plow, dumps which are located below the surface of the earth, then push the forest litter into the preparatory furrow, which is above the preparatory furrow, then form a planting furrow by pulling the opener along a trajectory filled with forest litter of the preparatory furrow, place the seedlings in the planting furrow, close the planting furrow with the seedlings laid in it.

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