SU1639458A1 - Machine for planting trees and soil preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mechanization of forestry operations, in particular, to combined machines intended for planting forest crops simultaneously with the preparation of the soil. The purpose of the invention is to improve the conditions of survival and growth of forest crops on drained soils. The machine contains a two-section plow body 3 with a blade knife 4 and a sealing device 5, a landing gear 6. The machine is equipped with a receiving platform 15 and an articulated unloading platform 16 connected to it. During forward movement of the machine, the double-plow body 3 wraps the soil layer that goes beyond body 3, the knives cut the soil layer from two sides, the layer enters the receiving platform 15 and, moving along it, interacts with the guides. Before closing the layers, the root system is introduced into them. s, seedlings with soil layer is fed to the unloading platform 16 which is a free end provided with ripping teeth 20, is supported on the bottom of the furrow. 1 h p f-ly. 6 Il.

Description

The invention relates to the mechanization of forest operations, in particular, to combined machines intended for planting forest crops simultaneously with preparing the soil for planting.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the conditions of survival and growth of forest crops on drained soils.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of the machine: FIG. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3-6 schematically reflect the stages of the technological process carried out by the machine:

Fig. 3 shows the stage of cutting with the help of a two-tail plow body of soil layers with their wrapping through 180 ° and laying along the edges of the furrow formed thereby;

in fig. 4 - the stage of cutting the soil under the soil layers laid along the furrow edges using horizontal and vertical cutting knives of the embedding device and the initial phase of shifting the layers to the middle of the furrow using converging guides and the receiving platform of the same device with simultaneous feeding of the transplanted plant into the interval between shifted with the help of the landing gear;

in fig. 5 - the stage of loosening the bottom of the furrow and laying on it soil layers that have been planted between them with plants planted between them using a unloading platform with loosening teeth of the embedding device,

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figure 6 - the stage is pressed to the surface of the bottom of the furrow and to each other laid on the bottom of the furrow of the layers with the help of pressure rollers sealing device.

The machine for planting forest crops simultaneously with the preparation of the soil contains frame 1 with a hinged device 2 and a double plow body 3 mounted on frame 1 with a blade knife 4 and a embedding device 5, a landing machine 6 and an operator seat 7.

The embedment device 5 includes vertical 8 and 9 and horizontal 10 and 11 cutting knives pivotally connected to vertical cutting knives 8 and 9 and springed against each other by an extension spring 12 converging guides 13 and 14 rigidly connected to vertical 8 and 9 and horizontal 10 and 11 cutting knives receiving platform 15, pivotally connected to the platform 15, an unloading platform 16 and pressure rollers 17 of conical shape, connected by means of leads 18 to the shaft 19 of the landing gear 6. Drivers

18installed on the shaft 19 freely with the possibility of rotation in the longitudinal-vertical plane of the machine. The hinge connection of the unloading platform 16 with the receiving platform 15 also provides the ability to rotate the first relative to the latter in the longitudinal-vertical plane of the machine. At the free end of the unloading platform 16, the loosening teeth 20 are secured. The rotation of the platform 16 in a downward direction under the action of gravity is limited by a stop 21 fixed on the platform 15. This is necessary to ensure the correct position of the platform 16 (with a deviation from vertical back) From the transport position to the working position, the Guidelines 13 and 14 in the rear part are equipped with stops 22, which interact with the receiving platform 15 and limit the rotation of the guides 13 and 14 towards each other. The smallest passage between the guides 13 and 14 is slightly smaller than the catch width of the two-dump plow body 3. The sealing device 5 (except for the pressure rollers 17) is attached to the frame 1 of the machine by means of a blade knife 4 rigidly connected to horizontal cutting blades 10 and 11 and receiving platform 15.

The landing gear 6 consists of two elastic disks fixed on the shaft

19 and locked in the front (as the discs rotate) with the help of rollers 23,

mounted on the brackets 24 of the frame 1. The shaft 19 is mounted in the supports 25 mounted on the frame 1. The landing gear 6 is driven from one of the clamping

rollers 17, equipped with pozakosepami 26, through a chain transmission 27.

The machine works as follows.

With the forward movement of the machine

Following the tractor with which it is aggregated, its furrow-forming two-tail plow body 3 wraps the soil layers and lays them along the edges of the furrow formed. Going behind the body 3 horizontal cutting knives 10

5 and 11 undercut a thin (5 ... 7 cm thick) layer of fertile soil lying under 3 layers turned over by a plow body, and vertical cutting knives 8 and 9 cut off this layer from the side material

0 sides of each reboot. As the machine moves forward, the cut layers of the 8, 9, 10, and 11 knives of the soil, together with the inverted layers lying on them, are cut by the plow

5 by the body 3, are placed on the receiving platform 15 and, moving along it to its rear edge, interact with the guides 13 and 14 converging to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the machine.

The interaction is the simultaneous movement of the left and right side layers to the middle of the platform 15. When approaching the rear edge of the receiving platform 15, the left side and right side layers simultaneously reach its middle and close. Before the closure of the seams, the root system of the transplanted plants is introduced into the gap between them with the help of the planting apparatus 6.

0 which, when closure of the seams, is embedded with soil, and the closed seams together with the plants made between them come from the receiving platform 15 through the passage between the guides 13 and 14 (the width of which is somewhat less than the width of the furrow formed by the plow body 3) to the inclined discharge platform 16, which has a free end provided with loosening teeth 20, rests on

0 bottom of the furrow. As the machine moves, the bottom of the furrow loosens the teeth 20, and the layers closed and somewhat tucked in the passage between the guides 13 and 14 with plants embedded between them, moving

5, along platform 16, are gently lowered down and placed on the loosened bottom of the furrow, where better contact with the soil at the bottom of the furrow is immediately rolled up following 16 conical pressure rollers 17, following the unloading platform.

Due to the conical shape of the pressing rollers 17, the layers are pressed not only to the bottom of the furrow, but also one to the other, which contributes to a more dense embedding of the roots of the planted plants in the soil.

As the roller rollers 17 roll over the layers laid in the furrow, the rotation from the roller equipped with soil hooks 26 is transmitted to the landing gear 6 via a chain drive 27 between which disks the operator, located on the seat 7, periodically places the planted plants. Embedded between the discs, the plants are fed as the landing gear 6 rotates into the gap between the layers shifted on the receiving platform 15.

In the case of jamming (jamming) of closed layers in the passage between the guides 13 and 14, the pressure on their walls due to the backpressure of the layers advancing on the receiving platform 15 increases sharply, causing the guides 13 and 14 to rotate with stretching of the spring 12, increasing the passage between them and eliminates created-with congestion.

The lining under the layers cut by the plow body 3 and then furrows laid on the bottom, of a thin (5 ... 7 cm) fertile soil layer practically does not violate the drainage properties of the soil near the seats. At the same time, cutting the thin layer of soil under the inverted layers in the process of their submission to the receiving platform 15 allows not only to make the soil layers of the layers more fertile.

but also to ensure their more stable underfall when approaching platform 15 due to the fact that adhesion with the continental soil of the thin layer being cut is much greater than the adhesion of inverted formations with it.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for planting forest crops at the same time as preparing the soil, comprising a frame with a double dump plow body mounted on it, a planting device and a embedding device in the form of converging guides, equipped with vertical and horizontal cutting knives and pressure rollers, characterized in that , in order to improve the survival rate and growth of forest crops on drained soils, the embedding device is equipped with a receiving platform installed under the guides behind horizontal cutting knives and The unloading platform, which is connected with its rear part, can be rotated in the longitudinal-vertical plane of the machine, while the guides are connected to the vertical cutting blades pivotally, can be rotated in the horizontal plane and are spring-loaded relative to each other, and the pressure rollers are installed in the rear part of the embedding device behind the unloading platform. 2. The machine according to claim 1, wherein the unloading platform is provided with loosening teeth fixed at its free end. i 25 27 18 17  / ifi Q 5 15 21 21 figure 1 hj w-j 5WW / C9 / XsV / AV /. Fig.Z -: - -: -: -V.-V ;. .g FIG 5 CL 7 /, i,  i