SU1727622A1 - Machine for forest crop planting simultaneously with soil preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mechanization of forestry operations, in particular, to combined machines intended for planting forest crops on drained soils simultaneously with their preparation. The goal is to simplify the design of the machine. The machine comprises a frame 1 with a two-dump plow body 3. successively installed on it 3. cutting knives, which are located under converging guides, and receiving platforms. Knives with platforms are inclined in a vertical plane, respectively, at an angle to each other, the top of which is directed downwards, and the point of intersection of their cutting edges lies below the toe of the plowshares. The angle of the cutting knives to the receiving platforms in the vertical plane is 180 ° - 2a, where о arctg --- is the inclination angle of the cutting knives with receiving platforms to the plane of the plowshares blades; h is the difference in height between the position of the toe of the plowshares and the upper edge of the cutting knives; L h is the height difference between the position of the toe of the shares and the point of intersection of the cutting edges of the cutting knives; b - the width of the plowing part of the plow body. 1 hp f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the mechanization of forest operations, in particular, to combined machines intended for planting forest crops on drained soils simultaneously with their preparation.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design of the machine, improve the quality and reduce the energy intensity of its work.

Figure 1 shows the machine, a general view; figure 2 is the same, top view; on fig.Z - section aa in figure 1; in Fig.4-7 - the stages of the technological process carried out by the machine; Fig. 4 shows the stage of cutting with the help of a two-tail plow body of soil layers with their wrapping through 180 ° and laying along the edges of the furrow formed thereby; Fig. 5 shows the stage of cutting the soil beneath the strata laid at the edges of the furrow, loosening the bottom of the furrow with the help of right and left side cutting knives of the embedding device and the initial phase of the shear layer to the middle of the furrow with the converging guides of the same device; Fig. 6b shows the step of feeding the planted plant into the gap between the shifted layers using a landing gear and the final phase of shifting the layers to the middle of the furrow using convergent embedmenting guides with laying the shifted layers to the bottom of the furrow using right and left-side receiving platforms; Fig. 7 shows a plan for pressing layers that are displaced to each other against the surface of the furrow bottom, as well as embedding the roots of a planted plant with soil using pressure rollers.

The machine for planting forest crops simultaneously with the preparation of the soil includes a frame 1 with a hinged device 2 on which a double plow body 3. Is fixed with a blade knife 4, a landing machine 5, a patching device 6 with pressure rollers 7 and a seat 8 for the operator.

The embedment device 6 consists of converging guides 9 and 10 to which the right-side cutting knife 11 and the receiving platform 12 and the left-side cutting knife 13 and the receiving platform 14 are attached. The right-side 11 and 12 and left-side 13 and 14 cutting knives and receiving platforms are respectively at an angle to each other, while the point 15 of the intersection of the blades of the cutting knives 11 and 13 is located below the toe of the plowshares of the two-dump plow body 3. Right-sided 11 and 12 and left-sided 13 and 14 cutting-knives and receiving platforms are inclined relative to each other at an angle

/ 3 180 ° -2.

where a "arctg

h + ah

tilt angle

carved knives with receiving platforms to the plane of the plowshares blades;

h is the difference in height between the position of the toe of the plowshares and the top edge of the scoring knives;

Ah is the height difference between the position of the toe of the shares and the point of intersection of the cutting edges of the cutting knives;

B - the width of the plowing part of the plow

0 housing.

The landing gear 5 is made up of two elastic disks adjacent to one another in the lower part of the elastic disks fixed on the shaft T6. Last

5 is mounted in bearing bearings 17 mounted on frame 1. The landing gear 5 is driven from one of the pressure rollers 7, equipped with pozavozapropy, through a chain gear 18. Rollers 7

0 are mounted behind converging guides 9 and 10 and are connected to shaft 16 by means of a band 19.

The machine works as follows. With the forward movement of the machine

5, following the tractor with which it is aggregated, its furrow-forming two-dump plow body 3, having a width of the carrying part b and going at a depth h, cuts the soil layers with a briber b / 2 and, wrapping it, places them along the edges of the furrow. Following the plow body 3 cutting knives 11 and 13, set relative to each other at an angle / 180 ° - 2a

(where a is arctg ---), cut b by b

the fertile soil under the 3 layers wrapped by the plow body to a width not less than the width of each of the wrapped plastics (L / 2) and the bottom of the furrow in its middle part to the depth of Ah, and the converting guides 9 and 10 shift the trimmed ones as they move forward layers of soil along with lying on

5 of them in layers to the middle of the furrow, while the shifted soil layers move along sloping to the soil surface (and, therefore, to the bottom of the furrow) at an angle receiving platforms 12 and 14. Shifting

soil layers to the middle of the furrow inclined towards her receiving platforms 12 and 14 significantly reduces the energy intensity of the workflow.

Before the closing of the right- and left-sided soil layers, the root system of the transplanted plants is introduced into the gap between them by means of a planting device 5, which is closed up with soil when the layers are closed. The closure of the layers and the embedding of the root system of the planted plants by the soil occur at the moment when the layers, displaced along inclined platforms 12 and 14, reach the bottom of the furrow. At the same time, the density of contact of the closed formations and the quality of embedding of the roots of the planted plants are obtained not only due to the reactions of the interaction of the layers with the guides 9 and 10, but also due to the horizontal component reactions of the interaction of the layers with the inclined platforms 12 and 14. to the bottom of the furrow, as the machine moves, the pressure rollers 7 roll, which due to the inclination of their rim to the bearing surface not only press the layers to the bottom of the furrow, but also press them one to another, contributing to even better contact closed layers and more dense sealing of the roots of planted plants with soil.

When the roller rollers 7 roll over the layers laid in the furrow, the rotation from the roller equipped with pick-up chains is transmitted to the landing gear 5 via a chain gear 18, between which drives

The operator, located on the seat 8, periodically places the planted plants. Plants inserted between the discs, as noted, are fed as the landing gear 5 rotates into the gap between the shifted formations.

Claims (2)

1. A machine for planting forest crops at the same time as preparing the soil, containing a frame with a two-dump plow body successively installed on it, cutting blades that are located under converging guides, and receiving platforms, about t and h a torn, and that, in order to simplify the construction, the knives with platforms are inclined in a vertical plane, respectively, at an angle to each other, whose apex is directed downwards, and the intersection point of the cutting edges of the cutting knives lies below the toe of the plowshares. 2. The machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the blades with the platforms is / 180 ° - 2 a. where a  arctg ---- pitch angle knives with receiving platforms to the plane of the plowshares blades; h is the difference in height between the position of the toe of the plowshares and the upper edge of the cutting knives; Y h is the height difference between the position of the toe of the shares and the point of intersection of the cutting edges of the cutting knives; b - the width of the share of the plunger body. / XNY / / C  $ && 4V / .4V.4vJ  / XNr / XN4Y / / AW