RU2742659C1 - Combined forest plow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry; machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forestry machine building. Combined forest plow comprises frame (1), hitch device (2), a right and left turning plow-bottom bodies (4 and 5), displaced relative to each other in longitudinal direction to prevent their blocking with wood-and-vegetable residues, underwing to pad dumps and plate blades. Prior to each plow-bottom body (4 and 5) disc grips (6) are installed within gripping width to cut roots into small fractions. Spring-loaded roll (7) with concave working surface is located behind plow-bottom bodies (4 and 5).EFFECT: higher quality of soil preparation in form of microincrements and reduced overall dimensions and weight of combined forest plow.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to forestry engineering, in particular, to devices for soil preparation during reforestation in temporarily waterlogged clearings after clearing strips from stumps, felling residues, dead wood and overgrowth of soft-leaved species.

A feature of temporarily waterlogged felling areas is that forest crops, with excessive, although not permanent, waterlogging of the soil become wet and die. Therefore, the plants are planted in micro-elevations in the form of ridges 25 cm high above the soil surface, formed by special tillage tools.

Known forest plow for micro-elevations PLM-1,3 ("Machines and mechanisms of forestry and forest-park economy". Handbook. M., 2009, pp. 159-160), containing a frame, a hinge device, right-hand and left-hand turning plowshare-moldboard bodies, offset relative to each other in the longitudinal direction in order to avoid clogging them with woody-plant residues, fenders to the dumps and blade knives. Taken as a prototype.

However, the quality of the formed microhighs (ridges) does not meet the requirements, and conditions are not created for high-quality mechanized planting of tree seedlings. The lamellar knives, installed in the plane of the field cuttings of the ploughshare-moldboard bodies, cut the roots in the soil at a distance of 150 cm from each other, that is, in the zone between the lamellar knives, the roots remain not cut, therefore, under the action of their elastic forces during the turnover of the soil layers, they they do not fit tightly enough into the microelevation, they are partially returned to the furrows. On soddy soils, the soil layers are not laid in the form of a tape, but in blocks of various sizes. In this regard, the share-moldboard bodies are installed at a distance of 600-800 mm from each other in the longitudinal direction, which has led to an increase in the dimensions and weight of the plow.

The invention solves the problem of improving the quality of soil preparation in the form of micro-elevations, providing high-quality operation of forest planting machines by crushing roots and sod and increasing the density of their laying in a micro-elevation.

This is achieved by the fact that in a combined forestry plow containing a frame, a hitch, right-turning and left-turning plowshare-moldboard bodies, displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction in order to avoid clogging them with woody plant residues, fenders to the dumps and blade knives, according to the invention, in front of each ploughshare-moldboard body, within the working width, there are disc knives for cutting roots into small fractions, and a spring-loaded roller with a concave working surface is placed between the ploughshare-moldboard bodies at the back.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a combined forest plow, top view; in fig. 2 - the same, side view; in fig. 3 - a diagram of the formation of a microhigh, where α is the depth of tillage; h _g is the height of the micro-elevation (ridge).

The combined forest plow contains a frame 1, a hinged device 2, support wheels 3, a right-handed 4 and a left-handed 5 ploughshare-moldboard bodies, displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction in order to avoid clogging them with woody residues, fenders to the dumps and blade knives (in Fig. not shown). In front of each ploughshare-moldboard body 4 and 5, disc knives 6 are installed within the working width for cutting the roots into small fractions, and at the back between the ploughshare-moldboard bodies 4 and 5 there is a roller 7 with a concave working surface, spring-loaded by a spring 8.

The combined forest plow works as follows.

With the forward movement of the unit and the deepened position of the plow, blade and disc 6 knives, located within the working width of each ploughshare-moldboard body 4 and 5, cut the roots and sod, ploughshare-moldboard bodies 4 and 5 separate the soil layers from the general mass of soil and soil, which They move along the ploughshare-moldboard surface and are laid on the edge between the ploughshare-moldboard bodies 4 and 5, forming a micro-elevation, and the spring-loaded roller 7, rolling over the micro-elevation surface, forms its shape and compacts the soil, creating optimal conditions for high-quality planting of seedlings with a forest planting machine.

This design of the combined forest plow allows to improve the quality of soil preparation in the form of micro-elevations, as well as to reduce its overall dimensions and weight.

Claims (1)

A combined forest plow, containing a frame, a hinged device, right-turning and left-turning plowshare-moldboard bodies, displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction to avoid clogging them with woody-plant residues, wheel arches to the dumps and blade knives, characterized in that in front of each ploughshare-moldboard with a body within the grasp width, there are disc knives for cutting the roots into small fractions, and a spring-loaded roller with a concave working surface is placed between the ploughshare bodies at the back.

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