RU2324318C2 - Soil-tilling implement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: implement consists of frame with the connecting device, deep ripping tools and sweeps installed on a frame in several rows. Deep ripping tools are placed before sweeps of a back row or back rows. Distance between noses of the deep ripping tool and a sweep that placed behind, more than the maximum depth of cultivation. The distance on width of the tool between the sweeps installed in a fast-head row and deep ripping tools is more than sum of the maximum set depths of cultivation. Noses of deep ripping tools are placed ahead of noses of the straight bits placed sideways of sweeps. The back beam of a frame is placed over its longitudinal beams.

EFFECT: better quality of cultivation of the infested soil due to exclusion of a tools clogging by soil and crop residues reducing of metal consumption of the tool.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage implements.

Known tillage tools, including flat-cut legs and mounted behind them deep-loosening working bodies, such as slitherese / 1 /. The disadvantage of such tools is the lack of working bodies, additionally crumbling and leveling the loosened layer, and the irrational execution of the frame, since all the crevices are installed behind the legs, including behind their back row. In this case, the center of mass of the gun is shifted back. If such a mounted implement has rollers behind the loosening organs, its grip width will be limited not by the tractor's traction capabilities, but by the mounted capacity. In addition, the rear beam of the frame, located at the level of its longitudinal beams bearing the working bodies, delays the advance under it of crop residues available on the surface of the field during its processing, and contributes to the clogging of the gun.

A similar tillage implement is known, in which, in addition to the flat-cut legs and the slit holes located behind them, there are circular knives mounted in front of the legs and rollers in the back of the slit-cutters / 2 - prototype /. The presence of additional organs improves the operation of the tool. However, he also did not have a compact footprint and deep-loosening organs. Due to the installation of deep-loosening organs (crevices) behind the paws of the rollers, it is necessary to place the rollers at a great distance not only from the back row of paws, but also from the crepes installed behind them, which further impairs the attachment of the implement. In addition, a soil outgrowth is formed on the chitreous chisel with a vertical stand, which significantly increases its traction resistance, while deep-loosening working bodies with a forward tilted stand / 3 / are less energy-intensive, work without a soil outgrowth, but their attachment requires a greater distance than for scleroses behind the paws, which would additionally extend the frame of the gun and remove the rollers.

The objective of the invention is to improve the hanging ability, reducing the length of the frame and metal consumption of the tool, containing plane-cutting and deep-loosening working bodies, and ensuring its unbreakability by soil and crop residues when processing clogged agricultural backgrounds.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a tillage implement containing a frame with plow-cutting paws and deep-loosening organs arranged in several rows, deep-loosening working bodies are installed in front of the plow-cutting paws of the back row or back rows, the distance (interval) between the plow-cutting paws and deep-loosening located in the front row organs more than the sum of the maximum processing depths established for the deep-loosening working body and flat-cutting paws, the distance between the socks is deep-loosening of working organ and mounted rear paw exceeds the maximum working depth, the working body glubokoryhlyaschego toe located ahead of the toe placed side ploskoreznoj paw front row, in addition, the rear frame beam located above the longitudinal beams.

Comparison of the claimed tillage implement with the prototype shows that it is new that deep-loosening working bodies are installed in front of the flat-cutting paws of the back row or back rows, the distance between the flat-cutting paws located in the front row and the deep-loosening organs (interval) is greater than the sum of the maximum tillage depths set for them , the distance between the socks of the deep-loosening working body and the paw installed behind it exceeds its maximum processing depth, the deep-loosened socks boiling working bodies are arranged in front of socks located laterally ploskoreznoj paws front row, wherein the rear beam of the frame is located above the longitudinal beams.

The proposed installation of deep-loosening organs in front of plane-cutting paws made it possible to reduce the length of the implement by the amount of distance (distance along the length of the implement) between the paw and the deep-digging working body and, therefore, reduce its metal consumption and improve hanging capacity. The specified distances between the working bodies and the placement of the rear beam over the longitudinal ones ensure the stability of the tool (unbreakability) of the gun at maximum depths and on clogged agricultural backgrounds.

The placement of deep-loosening organs declared by us in front of less deepened paws and the ratio of the maximum processing depths of them, the interval and the distance between them are proposed for the first time and meets the criterion of "novelty."

The inventive tillage tool meets the criterion of "inventive step", since the proposed solutions are not obvious, identified as a result of laboratory field studies and contradict the prevailing ideas about the arrangement of such working bodies.

The inventive tillage tool meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", as it can be widely used in tools containing plane-cutting and deep-loosening working bodies.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Tillage tool shown in figure 1 is a side view, figure 2 is a top view.

The tillage implement contains a frame 1 with a hinged (connecting) device 2 and front beams 3, longitudinal 4 and rear 5. On the frame 1 there are wheels 6 with screw mechanisms for adjusting the working depth, disk knives 7, deep-loosening working bodies 8 with toes of paws or chisels, flat-cut legs 9 and rollers 10. The rear beam 5 of the frame 1 is located above its longitudinal beams 4. Disk knives 7 are installed in front of the front row of flat-cut legs 9. The deep-loosening working bodies 8 and flat-cut legs 9 are installed in two rows, the first a row of deep-loosening working bodies 8 is placed in front of the back row of paws 9, and their second row is behind the first row of paws 9. When multi-row (more than two rows) are placed paws 9, deep-loosening working bodies 8 are installed in front of the second and other rows located behind the first row of paws or first paw. In this case, the interval U (distance along the working width) between the deep-loosening working bodies 8 and legs 9 installed in the front row is greater than the sum of the maximum processing depths H and h set for them (U> H + h), the distance b between the nose of the front deep-loosening working body 8 and the toe of the paw (chisel paws) 9 is greater than the maximum depth of loosening N. The socks of the deep-loosening working bodies 8 are placed in front of the socks of the chisels installed on the side of the flat-cut paws 9.

The disk knife 7 contains a bracket mounted on the frame with a weather vane and a hub with a half shaft and bearings on which the disk is mounted.

The deep-loosening working body 8 comprises a rack with tiered holes for fastening and a chisel or paw, the front blade element of which is a toe.

The flat-cut paw 9 comprises a body with a stand, on which plowshares and a chisel are fixed, the blade of which is the toe of the paw.

The roller 10 contains a bracket mounted on the rear beam 5 of the frame 1, a spring-loaded frame and a drum.

When the tool is working, disk knives 7 cut crop residues in front of the racks of the front row of paws 9, which improves the ability to move crop residues between the racks of paws 9 and deep-loosening working bodies 8. Placed in front of the rear and between the front flat-cutting legs 9, deep-loosening working bodies 8 loosen the soil, destroy the plow sole, improve its water-air regime and increase the power of the root layer. The flat-cutting paws 9 following in their wake cut and loosen the topsoil and crumble the blocks raised by the working bodies 8.

Paws 9 of the front row are cut and crushed the top layer of the soil layer. Installed behind them, deep-loosening organs 8 deepen the treated layer. The rollers align the field microrelief and compact the loosened layer.

The established interval (distance along the working width) between the paws located in the front row and the deep-loosening organs excludes the possibility of jamming of the soil between them, since the lateral cleavage lines of the soil do not close. Placing the rear frame beam over the longitudinal ones, on which all working bodies are fixed, provides the possibility of free movement of plant debris under the frame, prevents their unloading in front of the transverse rear beam. Flat-cut paws crumble blocks raised in the upper layer by deep-loosening organs installed in front, which reduces the clumpiness of the field surface along the trail of the back flat-cut paws and improves soil crumbling. Our studies have confirmed that when the depth of the deep loosening organs required for a plane cutter is up to 35 cm (depth is less than critical), the cross-sectional area (dimensions) of the loosened strip does not depend on how the deep loosening working body is installed - in front or behind the plane-cutting paw. Judgments on the feasibility of layer-by-layer cutting with respect to the combination under consideration are also not valid.

The proposed technical solutions have been used by us in improving the design of the plane-slotters ПЩК-3,8 and ПЩК-6,8.

Information sources

1. Agricultural machinery. Catalog, vol. 1, M., Informgrotech, 1991, p. 151.

2. Beetle A.F. Actual problems of crop production and animal husbandry. Scientific works, t.134, part 1, M., VIM, 2000, p.132.

3. Zhuk A.F., Pokrovsky V.V. Energy assessment of the working bodies of the combined deep-ripper. Sat scientific doc. XIII international Conf .: Machine-technological support for increasing labor productivity in crop production and animal husbandry, vol. 2, M., VIM, 2006, p. 42 ... 43 (p. 26 ... 46).

Claims (3)

1. A tillage implement, comprising a frame with an attachment device, deep-loosening working bodies and flat-cutting legs mounted on the frame in several rows, characterized in that the deep-loosening working bodies are placed in front of the flat-cutting paws of the back row or back rows, while the distance between the socks of the deep-loosening working body and the back of the plane-cutting paw is greater than the maximum depth of loosening, and the distance along the width of the implement between the plane-cutting paws in the front row and the depth drying working bodies more than the sum of the maximum processing depths set for them. 2. Tillage tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the socks of the deep-loosening working bodies are located in front of the socks of the bits located on the side of the plane-cutting paws. 3. Tillage tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear beam of the frame is located above its longitudinal beams.

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