SU1581680A1 - Hydraulic drive for crane cargo winch - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a lifting and transport machinery. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the hydraulic drive. The hydraulic actuator contains a pump 1, which is connected by a pressure line 2 through a check valve 3 to a three-position valve 4 connected by hydraulic lines 5 and 6 to the hydraulic motor 7, and channels 8 and 9 through the drain line 10 and filter 11 to the tank 12. To protect the hydraulic actuator from failure in the event of an excessive increase in pressure, serves as a safety valve 13, connecting the line 2 with the hydraulic line 10. 1 sludge.

Description

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The invention relates to a lift ™ transport engineering, in particular, to hydraulic drives of cargo cranes and hydraulic cranes.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the hydraulic drive.

The drawing shows a diagram of the hydraulic drive of the cargo winch of a hydraulic crane.

The hydraulic actuator contains a pump 1, which is connected to a pressure line 2 via a non-return valve 3 with a three-valve hydraulic distributor 4, a connecting pipe, a hydraulic line 5 and 6 with a hydraulic valve 7, and channels 8 and 9 through a whip hydraulic line 10, filter 11 - with tank 12. To protect the hydraulic drive from destruction in the event of an excessive pressure increase, a safety valve 13 is used, which connects the pressure line 2 with a drain with hydraulic line 10.

In line 6 between hydraulic motor 7 and hydrodistributor 4, a check valve 14 and a pressure valve 15 are provided, equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 16, the piston of which is kinematically connected with a spring of setting of the pressure valve 15. The loading cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is connected to the outflow channel 17 of the hydraulically controlled two-position valve 18 connected to supply and control, respectively, channels 19 and 20 with the discharge channel 21 of the pressure spool 15. Roaccumulator 22 is also connected to the loading cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 16, and The restless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is connected by a channel 23 with the low-pressure hydroline of the hydraulic motor 7.

To open the brake of the cargo winch, use the brake shutter 24, which is connected to control channel 25 with the pressure line 2. The hydraulic loading winch of the crane operates as follows.

When the neutral position of the spool valve 4, the liquid from the pump 1 through the pressure line 2, channel 8, drain line 10 and the filter 11 enters the tank 12.

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through channel 8 with tank 12. The cargo winch brake is closed and the load is not moving. When lifting the load, the valve 4 of the hydraulic distributor 4 moves

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9, drainage into the tank 12.

to the left. Fluid from pump 1 through pressure line 2 through check valve 3, valve 4, through line 6 through check valve 14 goes to hydraulic motor 7. Pressure of liquid in pressure line rises, brake breaker 24 compresses spring, brake opens, hydraulic motor 7 starts to rotate and load rises. One-time fluid from hydraulic motor 7 through channel 5 through hydraulic valve 4, through channel 10 is discharged

An increase in pressure in lines 6 and 21 causes the spool 18 to switch to a position in which the loading cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is in communication with channels 17 and 19 with the high pressure line 21. At the same time, the piston of the hydraulic cylinders 16 compresses the spring of the pressure slide valve 15, ensuring its adjustment in accordance with the pressure drop on the hydraulic motor 7 due to the fact that the channel 23 connecting the low pressure hydroline of the hydraulic motor 7 to the unloading cavity of the hydraulic cylinder of the adjustment 16 eliminates the effect of pressure losses in the outlet the hydraulic line of the hydraulic motor 7. Simultaneously with the setting of the pressure slide, the hydraulic accumulator 22 is charged.

When the hydraulic valve 4 is switched to the neutral position, the brake closes, the fluid pressure in line 6 drops, the valve 18 is displaced to the left by the action of the spring, locking the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 16. The pressure valve 15 remains tuned to the pressure due to the weight of the lifted load.

When lowering the load, the spool valve 4 is shifted to the right. Fluid from pump 1 through line 2, check valve 3, valve of hydraulic distributor 4, pipeline 5 enters hydraulic motor 7. From hydraulic motor 7, liquid flows through pressure spool 15, channels 21 and 6, hydraulic valve 4, channels 9 and 10 into the tank 12. I

Due to the fact that the spring of the pressure slide valve 15 is adjusted in accordance with the weight of the load to be lowered, a sufficient pressure is created on it to hold this load. When changing the weight of the lifted load in the process of lifting is carried out

restructuring of the pressure spool 15 to the pressure necessary to maintain a given mass of cargo, i.e. when lowering small loads or empty hooks in the system, there will be a minimum pressure maintained by the pressure slide 15. At the same time, the power costs will be minimal and correspond to the weight of the lifted load. Hydroaccumulator 22 provides compensation for fluid leaks from the loading cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 16 settings and high precision settings of the pressure slide 15, and the low-pressure hydroline communication of the hydraulic motor 7 with the hydraulic cylinder cylinder unloading tuning provides, in addition to improving the tuning accuracy during the lifting period, reducing power losses due to tuning error and the discharge characteristics of the pressure spool.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Hydraulic cargo crane winch, containing a pump, reported through a three-position six-line  , ten 5816806 a hydraulic valve and two hydraulic lines .- with a hydraulic motor, a pressure valve and a check valve included in the first line of the motor, a brake hydraulic switch connected to the pressure line, a filter and a tank characterized in that in order to increase the reliability and economy of the hydraulic drive, it is equipped additional hydroline, hydraulically controlled two-line spring-loaded spool, adjustment cylinder with loading and unloading cavities, the piston of which is kinematically connected with a spring of gold pressure ika and pressure reservoir torus, thus loading the hollow cylinder configuration associated with the pressure reservoir torus and the first line of the hydraulically controlled Alternate spring-loaded valve, the control chamber which communicates through an additional hydraulic line from its second line and the first line of the hydraulic motor, wherein razgruzhayuscha hollow cylinder communicated with the second line of the motor. 15 20 25