SU1507230A1 - Method of recultivation in opencast mining of deposits of mineral resources - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry and agriculture and can be used for the rehabilitation of land disturbed by mining operations, represented by rocks with high filtration properties, in areas with insufficient moisture. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the work. The method includes removing the fertile soil layer, preparing the surface for recultivation and creating an artificial waterproof layer of a predetermined thickness, after which the fertile soil layer is dumped. The water-resistant horizon is created by injecting the mud into the soil mass with high-pressure jets at a predetermined depth through wells located along the vertices of the square along the front of the work. The distance between wells A and the mud flow Q per well is determined by the formulas A = R√2, Q = ϕR ² ΔNK, where R is the average radius of the zone with a water-resistant horizon thickness not less than the specified one, m

ΔН - given thickness of impermeable horizon, m

K - coefficient taking into account the unevenness of the created aquitard and the porosity of the soil. The use of the invention allows to eliminate the movement of overburden in temporary dumps and from temporary dumps to the recultivated area, eliminate double loading of overburden, reduce the area of land allocated for temporary storage of overburden. 1 hp f-ly, 2 ill., 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and agriculture and can be used for the rehabilitation of land disturbed by mining operations, represented by rocks with high filtration properties, in areas with insufficient moisture.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of work.

Pa figs. 1 schematically shows a landfill dump, a transverse section; in fig. 2 well location, plan.

The overburden rocks 1 are worked non-selectively and are dumped. The dump is prepared for reclamation, i.e. its leveling. Then, injection of high-pressure mud is performed through wells 2 d, 1 n to create an impermeable impermeable layer 3 at a predetermined depth.

The spacing is divided by shape.

boreholes and opreghde R the average radius of the zone with the thickness of the waterproof layer b & depends on many factors: the design of the working part of the injector, the properties of the soil and the injected solution, and is determined almost on-site tests. The injection mode (Q is the flow rate of the mud per well M) is calculated by the formula

(2)

where LN is the thickness of the created waterproof layer, m; K - coefficient taking into account the non-Depth of the well to determine the specified depth of the water stop h D / 1. As a result, the injection solution is at a depth with a thrust layer 2, which is determined by the top layer 3. After this delivery and laying of soil, the Coefficient K takes into account the pore flatness of the created water side spreading, ultimately depends on poris

K values depending

the evenness of the generated water resistance is given in table. one.

soil porosity.

Its value lies within

1.4-2.0.

The depth of the well is defined as the sum of a given depth of the water stop h and its thickness D / 1. As a result of injection of the mud at a depth, a waterproof layer 2 is created, which determines the level of the top layer 3. After that, the soil layer 4 is delivered and laid. The coefficient K takes into account the porosity and unevenness of the water layer created (due to lateral spreading) porosity.

K values depending on the poris

Note, n is the value of porosity

different soils.

When / installation in the formula Q values of K (table. 1), as well as asking R 6 m; , 2 m, the following Q m values are obtained, confirmed by experimental data.

The value of the flow rate of the solution Q m from K is presented in table. 2

Table 2

Using the proposed method eliminates the movement of overburden into temporary dumps and from temporary dumps to the reclaimed areas, eliminates double loading of overburden, reduces the area of land allocation for open mining of mineral deposits used for temporary storage of rocks, which leads to an increase in efficiency recultivation and land use efficiency, reduces the complexity of labor and the cost of reclamation.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula . Method of recultivation in the open pit mining of mineral deposits Table 1 puffs, including the removal of fertile topsoil, dumping of overburden rocks into dumps, preparation of the surface for recultivation, creation of artificial impermeable horizon of a given thickness, delivery and laying of a fertile soil layer, characterized in that, in order to reduce labor intensity, an artificial waterproof horizon is created by injecting soil into an array of the mud solution by high-pressure jets at a predetermined depth through the wells located along the square vertices along the work front. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein that the distance between wells a and the mud flow Q per well is determined by the formulas ,  the average radius of the zone with the thickness of the impermeable horizon is not less than the specified, m; D / 1 - specified impermeable thickness layer, m; K - coefficient taking into account the unevenness of the created aquitard and the porosity of the soil. but h 1.  : 1 - at 7 A at // // // - / 7 /// 4f V: v -; -: -; - ;; v -::;:; j. Un about