SU1051282A1 - Method of strip mining of horizontal and gently-sloping mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

1. OPEN DEVELOPMENT METHOD OF HORIZONTAL AND PROBLEM DEPOSITS OF THE USEFUL MINERALS, including selective extraction of different structural overburden rocks, including plastic, development of a mineral fossil by means of selective placement of overburden; by the fact that, in order to increase the safety of mining operations by reducing the deformations of the internal waste dumps, reducing the water inflow into the working area of the open-pit and creating For subsequent reclamation, in the process of dumping the rocks of each of the next dump dumps, plastic overburden rocks are first dumped onto the slope of the rocks of the previous dump strip, and then the rest of the surge rocks are poured in the direction of the dump of the dumps to the surface, at the same time, plastic rocks are poured to a level exceeding the level of water rise in the dump body. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that i before dumping the rocks of each of the next dump dumps at the lower edge of the slope (L rocks of the previous dump dumps to the soil of the filter layer form a trench; the plastic rocks are additionally dumped into the said trench.

Description

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A - - 1. The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the open development of horizontal and gentle mineral deposits, mainly in difficult hydrogeological conditions. There is a method of open development of horizontal and gentle mineral deposits, which includes mining of overburden and mineral mineral with bores with internal dumping and drainage ditches in the foundations of the dump along the mining front I .... . The disadvantage of this method is its inefficiency with a significant water inflow and a high level of water rise in the dump body. Its use does not prevent the deformation of the dumps, which in turn leads to significant breakthroughs:) quantities to the working area of the quarry. If there is a filtering layer of rocks in the bottom of the dump, drainage ditches cannot prevent water from filtering through the specified layer. The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a method of open development of horizontal and gentle, mineral deposits, including the selective extraction of differently structured overburden rocks, including plastic, mining of mineral deposits with selective placement of overburden rocks in the open pit mine dumping along the mining front (2J.: However, this method does not provide for special measures to reduce dumps associated with hydrodynamic forces and water inflow into the working area of the open pit, SL does not provide favorable conditions for subsequent reclamation of the dump from the c-point of view of creating satisfactory parameters of the hydrodynamic regime of the blade., .- - ..,. safety of mining and mining due to reduction / deformation of internal dumps and reduction of water inflow into the working pit of the quarry, as well as creation of favorable conditions for subsequent recultivation. The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of opencast mining of horizontal and gentle mineral deposits, including the selective excavation of multi-structural overburden, including plastic, mining of minerals by selective entry of overburden in the developed quarry area with dump openings along the mining front, The process of dumping rocks each 2J before the next dump. Initially, plastic open rocks are poured onto the slope of the previous rocks from and then pour the remaining overburden. Rocks with successive filling of the slopes of ductile rocks in the direction from the bottom of the blade to its surface, while plastic rocks are poured from the level exceeding the level of water rise in the body of the blade. In addition, before dumping. Next to the next dump entry at the lower edge of the slope of the rocks of the previous dump, the entry to the soil of the filtering layer forms a trench, and plastic rocks are additionally poured into the specified trench. . FIG. Figure 1 shows the dumping scheme during development; in fig. 2 - the same, when conducting trenches. The method is described as follows. When developing a horizontal or flat reservoir of a mineral, for example, phosphate rock, the overburden rocks of which are represented by different structural rocks, in particular, plastic, the overburden mining is carried out using selective dragging using a dragline. The mineral resource is worked out with the same draggyn-shaped bores, and the overburden rocks are re-leveled into the quarry’s quarry by dumping bores along the mining front. In the process, the dumping of each of the next dump dumps first starts with the plastic overburden on the spacing 1 of the previous dump spacing 2 of the formation-. No protivofiltration curtain 3 of these breeds. Plastic rocks are poured to level,; exceeding level 4 of the water rise in the dump body. Then, the remaining overburden rocks are poured 5. To prevent significant deformations of the impervious 3 n curtain of its continuity, the remaining overburden is poured with a successive basement. Apoclastic rocks away from the base of the blade of its surface. The plastic rock curtains thus formed prevent the migration of water in the dump body and its entry into the working area of the quarry. On the other hand, the likelihood of deformation of the dump rock is reduced, and favorable conditions appear for subsequent recultivation due to the preservation of the fresh Bi water of the dump body and the smoothing out of changes in the hydrodynamic regime. l In a number of cases, if there is a layer of 7 filtering rocks at the base of the dump, it is possible that water from the dump body will migrate to

working area of the quarry through this layer. To prevent this from occurring at the lower edge 8 of the slope, the previous dump dump pre-forms a trench 9. The latter can be carried out in advance ahead in the direction transverse to the front, the width of the dump entry, in particular by blasting wells 10 at the bottom of the blade. The trench is made deep into the soil of the filter bed. Plastic rocks are additionally poured into the said trench with the formation of an impervious curtain II from the soil of the filter layer to the level above the level of water rise in the dump body.

The use of the invention makes it possible to drastically reduce water inflow into the working area of the pit, reduce the deformation of the dumps and eliminate the possibility of sudden flushing of water from the dump body, as well as create favorable conditions for subsequent recultivation from the point of view of hydrodynamic conditions in the dump body.

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Claims (2)

1. METHOD FOR OPEN DEVELOPMENT OF HORIZONTAL AND GENDER DEPOSITS OF USEFUL IS 'DIGGED', including the selective excavation of different-structure overburden rocks, including mining, mining of minerals by sunset with selective placement of overburden rocks in the worked out quarry openings of the open pit that, in order to increase the safety of mining operations by reducing the deformation of internal dumps, reducing water inflow into the working area of the quarry and creating favorable conditions conditions for subsequent reclamation, in the process of dumping the rocks of each regular dump entry, plastic overburden is first dumped to the rock slope of the previous dump entry, and then the remaining overburden is dumped with successive dumping of the slope of the plastic rocks in the direction from the base of the dump to its surface, while plastic rocks are poured to a level exceeding the level of water rise in the body of the dump. 2. The method according to π. 1, characterized in that before re-filling the rocks of each subsequent © dumping entry at the lower edge of the slope of the rocks of the previous dumping entry, a trench is formed to the soil of the filter layer, and plastic rocks are additionally dumped into the specified trench. (rig!