SU1434178A2 - Hydraulic overrunning clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in devices where it is required to transmit a large torque in one direction, for example in pulsed or hydromechanical transmissions, in the drive of machines and units. The goal is to increase reliability by balancing and reducing radial forces. Spring-loaded crackers 4 are installed on opposite sides of the leading half-coupling 1. On opposite sides of the inner surface of the driven half-coupling 2, radial projections II with channels 16 overlapping the cavity are made. Channels 16 located in the torque-receiving portion of the protrusion are connected to similar channels opposite protrusion. Diametrically located grooves for crackers 4 of the leading coupling half 1 can be connected by channels made in the housing of the leading coupling half. Diametrically located crackers 4 are involved in the transmission of torque, which reduces the effect of radial forces. When transmitting torque, the pressure in the working cavities through the channels is redistributed. 2 hp f-ly, 2 ill. i (L

Description

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 The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in devices, where it is required to transfer a large torque in one direction, for example in pulsed or hydromechanical transmissions, in drives of machines and units. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the mechanism by balancing and reducing radial forces.

I FIG. 1 shows the proposed hydraulic-I free-running mechanism, section; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. I.

I The mechanism contains a leading half-coupling - 1 to 1, located inside the driven half-I coupling 2. The cavity 3 between the coupling half is filled with liquid. Along the circumference of the leading I half-coupling 1 on the opposite sides of its I there are four rotary crackers 4 I (main and additional), with side surfaces adjacent to the inner side surface of the driven coupling half. The crackers 4 have counterweights 5 located in the grooves 6 of the side surface of the leading coupling half 1 and serve to balance the centrifugal inertia forces that split on the crackers 4 while rotating the driving half coupling 1. The crackers 4 can rotate around the axes 7 and overlap; bridge 3 between the half couplings, in this case the edge of the cracker abuts against the inner cy-; The driven surface 8 of the driven half-: coupling 2, or when rotated to the other side, is placed in the corresponding grooves 9 of the driving half-coupling 1. The outer surfaces of the crackers 4 and the driving half-coupling form in this case a single cylindrical surface. Crackers 4 are spring-loaded and are flattened with spring springs 10, serving; to remove the crackers from the slots 9 hemofibs: you are in statics. In this case, the cracker is located in; such a position (Fig. 1) that the incident

i fluid flow can turn it up to

i the cavity between the master and slave

I half couplings.

 Driven coupling half 2 covers ved; The coupling half 1 (the lateral surfaces adhere to each other) and on the opposite sides of its inner surface 8 are located the main and additional radial protrusions 11. The protrusions 11 by the lateral surfaces abut against the inner lateral surfaces of the driven coupling half 2.

The surfaces 12 of the protrusions 11 facing the axis of the mechanism are made on the middle section 13 as cylindrical, shaped like the surface of the leading coupling half, and the extreme sections 14 and 15 are mated with the middle cylindrical section and with the inner surface of the driven coupling half.

Channels 16 and 17 located tangentially to the surface of the driving coupling half are made on the surfaces of the portions 14 and 15 between the mating lines. The channels 16 of the opposite radial protrusions are hydraulically interconnected by means of the channel 18, made in the housing of the coupling half 2. Instead of the channel 18 in the housing of the driving coupling half 1, channels 19 and 20 can be made, hydraulically connecting the opposite grooves 9. Channels 19 and 20 are not interconnected.

On the driven half coupling 2 there may be a diaphragm compensator 21 for the temperature expansion of the liquid.

Hydraulic freewheel works as follows.

In static (there is no rotation of the coupling halves) crackers 4 under the action of flat springs 10 partially overlap the cavity 3 between the drive and driven coupling halves, except for the case when two crackers touch the surface of the projections 11 (for example, as shown in Fig. 1). With a free stroke (driven by the half-coupling 2 rotates clockwise in Fig. 1, the angular speed of the leading coupling half is lower than that of the driven one) the crackers 4 turn and go into the grooves 9 of the cylindrical surface of the driving coupling half. Fully crackers will go into the grooves 9 under the action of the top 15 of the protrusion 11.

At the beginning of the transmission of torque (the angular velocity of the driving half coupling becomes greater than that of the driven one), the turntables 4 under the action of the incident flow of liquid rotate around the axes 7 to the inner cylindrical surface of the driven coupling half and overlap the cavity 3 between the driving and driven coupling half; Two crackers 4, which are in close proximity to the projections 11, come into contact with them. The torque between the coupling halves is transmitted using the steady-state pressure in the fluid layers in the cavities between the two crackers 4 and the central parts of the projections 11. In the presence of channels 16 in the body of the projections 11, the crackers touching the surface 14 of the projections II do not transmit torque as at the expense of the channels the pressure on both sides of the crackers is balanced. The absence of torque transfer to the croutons touching the surface 14 of the protrusions 11 eliminates the occurrence of excessively high pressures in the fluid layers in the cavities between the breadcrumbs 4 and the central parts of the protrusions 11, since these crackers are partially introduced into the operation of the sheets. In this case, the torque is transmitted by two other crackers.

Due to the presence of a channel 18 made in the housing of the driven half coupling 2 and hydraulically connecting the channels 16 of opposite radial protrusions, the pressures in both layers compressed between the crackers 4 and the central parts of the projections II of the liquid are the same. Therefore, the radial forces acting on both coupling halves in the torque transfer mode are balanced. This reduces the strength requirements of individual parts of the mechanism. Channels 19 and 20, which are located in the housing of the coupling half 1 and hydraulically interconnecting opposite grooves 9, can perform a function similar to channel 8.

The mutual arrangement of the driven and driving half couplings when operating in the mode of moment transfer is determined by the size of the gaps between the slabs and the remaining cavities, the value of the transmitted moment and the duration of work in this mode. In the presence of gaps and long-term transmission of large torque, the half coupling half rotates relative to the driven one. The rusks 4 approaching to the protrusion 11 go to the grooves 9 of the leading coupling half under the influence of the surfaces 14 of the protrusions 11, because due to the blunt angle between

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these surfaces and crackers, the forces at the point of touch rotate the crackers.

Claims (3)

1. Hydraulic freewheel on avt. St. No. 1350400, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability by balancing and reducing radial forces, it is equipped with additional spring-loaded crackers, an additional radial protrusion diametrically opposite to the main protrusion is made on the inner surface of the driven coupling half opposite to the main protrusion leading half coupling on the other side of the radial protrusion additional grooves. 2. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel facing the main rusk on the main radial protrusion and the diametrically located channel on the additional protrusion are connected by a channel made in the driven coupling half. 3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the diametrically arranged grooves for the crackers are connected by channels made in the leading half-coupling. FIG. 2