SU1335365A1 - Vertical no-anvil hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to the design of forging and stamping equipment. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by reducing the load on the shock absorbers. The vertical hammerless hammer contains a frame, in the upper part of which there is a working cylinder with an upper rail and in the lower part there is a hydraulic communication unit in the form of a central cylinder with a lower ram and side cylinders connected by channels to the central cylinder. The plungers of the side cylinders with the upper Baba and the plunger of the central cylinder with the lower Baba are connected via shock absorbers. In the hydraulic communication unit, the central cylinder plunger is placed with the possibility of connecting, before impact with the central cylinder, an additional cavity connected to the drain. The connection of this cavity with the drain at the moment preceding the impact ensures the release of pressure in the hydraulic coupling cylinders. 1 il. § (L SAE OQ sd with O5 ate

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to the design of forging and stamping equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by reducing the loads on the shock absorbers.

The drawing shows a vertical hammerless hammer.

The hammer contains a working cylinder 1, the upper 2 and lower 3 women, connected through dampers 4 and 5 side b and central 7 rods, side 8 and central 9 plungers lateral 10 and central

11 cylinders node 12 hydraulic communications. The central 11 and side 10 cylinders of the node 12 are interconnected by channels 13 with throttles 14 and non-return valves 15. In the node

12 hydraulics, an additional cavity 16 is concentric to the plunger 9, connected via an adjustable choke 17 to the drain tank 18 by line 19. In the extreme upper position of the female 3, the cavity 16 communicates with the cavity of the cylinder 11, as the lower end 20 of the plunger 9 is located in the cavity 16 above the confining its plane is 21.

Hammer works as follows.

In the initial position, Baba 2 is located above, and Baba 3 - below. The pressure of the working fluid in the cavity 16 is zero. In the course of operation, the baba 2, together with the shock absorbers 4, the rods 6 and the plungers 8, moves downwardly by means of the cylinder 1, compressing the working fluid in the hydraulic communication unit 12. The pressure of the working fluid creates a force on the plunger 9, transmitted through the rod 7 and the shock absorber 5 to the lower woman 3, causing it to move upwards. In this phase of the hammer operation, the working fluid from the cylinders 10 freely flows into cylinder 1 through check valves 15. At the moment preceding the impact, the end face 20 of the plunger 9 intersects the plane 21, jointly cavity 16 with the cylinder 11. Pressure of the working fluid in the cylinders 10 and 11 falls. The shock absorbers 4 and 5 are released as the forces acting on them are reduced accordingly. At this moment there is a blow to the forging and rebound of the woman 2 up, and the woman 3 - down. Baba 3 consumes rebound energy on the deformation of the shock absorber 5, the movement of the rod 7 and the plunger 9, the compression of the working fluid in

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cylinder 11, and in the initial phase of the rebound - and the compression of the working fluid in the cavity 16. because the free discharge of fluid into the tank 18 is limited to throttles 17. Because the initial pressure of the working fluid and the force in the central shock absorber 5 are much lower than the nominal (created during acceleration ), and also since the volume of fluid in the central cylinder 11 is increased due to cavity 16, then when a woman 3 bounces, there is no significant overpressure in the cavity of cylinder 11 and an increase in the force acting on the shock absorber 5. I choose the parameters of chokes 14 such to provide plungers speed slightly greater than the speed of rebound ram 2. In this case the shock absorbers are reduced in load 4 due to stress relief in them before impact and shock schtokov 6 Babu 2 at a low speed.

After impact, Baba 2 moves up, and Baba 3 moves down. During idling and the following acceleration stroke, the pressure in cavity 16 drops to zero, as part of the working fluid enters the drain tank 18 through throttle 17 through line 19. The required volume of working fluid in node 12 is maintained by a makeup system (not shown).

The economic effect of introducing the invention is achieved by increasing the durability of the hammer-free hammer.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A vertical basshaab hammer containing a frame, in the upper part of which there is a working cylinder with an upper rail and in the lower part, a hydraulic communication unit in the form of a central plunger cylinder connected by channels to the lateral cylinders, the latter through articulated shock absorbers with the upper rail of the central cylinder. through a shock absorber with the bottom female, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, in the hydraulic communication unit it is concentric to the central cylinder flow rod an additional cavity is made associated with at the same time, the lower edge of this cavity is located from the lower end of the plunger of the central cylinder of hydraulic communication in its extreme lower position at a distance smaller than the stroke of this plunger. 18  20/5