SU1265782A1

SU1265782A1 - Information input-output device

Info

Publication number: SU1265782A1
Application number: SU843759800A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Владимир Семенович Казаков; Игорь Юрьевич Алексеев
Original assignee: Предприятие П/Я Г-4677
Priority date: 1984-06-22
Filing date: 1984-06-22
Publication date: 1986-10-23

Abstract

Изобретение относитс к области автоматики и вычислительной техники и может быть использовано дл вывода информации на ЭЛТ и ввода в ЭВМ. Цель изобретени - повышение быстродействи устройства за сокращени времени совмещени центра визира с началом элемента изображени , котора достигаетс введением с второго по п тый элементов И, двух триггеров , двух групп элементов И, счетчика-регистра , блоков элементов НЕ, элементов ИЛИ и генератора импульсов и соответствукицих.функциональных блоков , а также выполнением блока управлени . I з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.The invention relates to the field of automation and computer technology and can be used to output information on a CRT and input to a computer. The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of the device by reducing the time for combining the center of the viewfinder with the beginning of the image element, which is achieved by introducing AND from the second to fifth elements, two triggers, two groups of AND elements, a register counter, blocks of NOT elements, OR elements and a pulse generator and corresponding functional blocks, as well as the execution of the control unit. I zp f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

Изобретение относитс к автоматике и вычислительной технике и может быть использовано дл вывода информа ции на ЭЛТ и ввода в ЭВМ. Целью изобретени бл етс повышение быстродействи устройства за счет сокращени времени совмещени центра визира с началом элемента изображени . На фиг.1 приведена схема устройства; на фиг.2 - схема блока управлени . Устройство (фиг.1) содержит.блок 1 управлени , блок 2 отображени , второй 3, первый 4 дешифраторы, счетчик-регистр 5, первую группу 6 элементов И, блок 7 сравнени , счетчик 8,- клавиатуру 9, блок ГО элементов ИЛИ, блок 11 элементов НЕ, третий элемент И 12, первый триггер 13, вто рой 14 и четвертый 15 элементы И, элемент ИЛИ 16, генератор 17 импульсов , первый 18 и п тый 19 элементы И второй триггер 20 и вторую группу 21 элементов И. Блок 1 управлени (фиг.2) содержит триггер 22, генератор 23 импульсов , элемент И 24, счетчик 25, узел 26 пам ти, регистр 27, первую 28 и третью 29 группы элементов И, дешифратор 30, счетчик 31, четвертую груп пу 32 элементов И, первый 33 и второй 34 элементы ИЛИ-НЕ и вторую груп пу 35 элементов И. i Устройство работает следующим образом . Перед началом работы из ЭВМ в узел 26 пам ти записывают через второй и третий входы устройства информацию , предназначенную дл отображени в блоке 2 отображени программным методом управлени лучом ЭЛТ. Че рез первый вход устройства производ т из ЭВМ установку в исходное состо ние триггера 22, счетчика 25 через второй элемент ИЛИ-НЕ 34 и счетчика 31, а затем включение триггера 22, которьй разрешает прохождение частоты от генератора 23 импульсов через элемент И 24 на вход второго счетчика 25 и на опрос дешифратора 4 По мере работы счетчика 25 на выходах дешифратора 4 последовательно друг за другом по вл ютс сигналы, разнесенные во времени. Выбрав, например , в качестве счетчика 25 восьмиразр дный счетчик с соответствующим дешифратором 4, возможно полу22 чить на выходе последнего до 256 сигналов , которые условно раздел ют на группы, предназначенные дл считывани , отработки и визуализации слов, записанных в узле 26 пам ти, с целью создани изображени на экране ЭЛТ блока 2 отображени . В устройстве используют, например, четыре типа слов - координатное, знаковое, векторное и конец массива, каждое из которых содержит информационную и соответствующую, отличную от других, признаковую части. Обработку информационной части каждого типа слова производ т с помощью сигналов соответствующей группы с выходов дешифратора 4. Например, группа сигналов, начина с первого, обеспечивает считывание слов из узла 26 пам ти, перезапись их в регистр 27 и запись кода первого сигнала.группы, соответствующего признаковой части считанного слова, через первую группу элементов И 28 и элемент ИЛИ-НЕ 33 в счетчик 25 дл обработки координатного слова. Следующа группа сигналов может следовать за первой группой сигналов и обеспечивает запись кода координаты через вторую группу элементов И 35, блок 10 элементов ИЛИ и блок 11 элементов НЕ в счетчик-регистр 5, сигнал с выхода которого поступает на вход координатных усилителей в блоке 2 отображени , управл ющих выводом сигнала в соответствующую точку экрана.. Следующа группа сигналов обеспечивает считывание кода знака через группу 29 элементов И на вход генератора знаков и векторов в блоке 2 отображени дл формировани соответствующего знака на экране ЭЛТ. Одновременно на втором счетчике 25 производ т отсчет времени , необходимый дл визуализации знака . Следующа группа сигналов обеспечивает считывание кода вектора через группу 29 элементов И и запись его в блок 2 отображени на вход генератора знаков и векторов, которьй со своего выхода начинает вводить на вход координатного усилител возрастающий код дл последовательного отклонени луча на экране ЭЛТ с целью формировани изображени вектора. Последн группа сигналов включаетс при считывании последнего слова из массива слов, записанных в узле 26 пам ти, и обеспечивает формирование на экране ЭЛТ знака-визира, на пример, в виде, крестообразного изображени + с координатой центра, код которой записан на счетчике 8, окончани старого и начала нового цикла отображени . Первый сигнал этой группы поступает с выхода дешиф ратора 4 на запись кода координаты центра визира с выхода счётчика 8 че рез элемент ИЛИ 16, блок 10 элементов и блок 11 элементов НЕ на счетчик-регистр 5. Счетчик 8 состоит из двух дес тиразр дных реверсивных счетчиков - счетчика X и счетчика у , за пр мые и реверсивные входы каждого из которых подключены к соответствующим коммутационным элементам клавиатуры 9, с помощью которых на счетчике 8 возможно устанавливать любое состо ние. Следующие сигналы последней группы поступают на второй вход счетчика 31 и первый вход группы 32 элементов И дл формировани изображени визира на экране ЭЛТ. Счетчик 31 состоит, например, из The invention relates to automation and computer technology and can be used to output information on a CRT and input to a computer. The aim of the invention is to improve the speed of the device by reducing the time it takes for the center of the viewer to align with the beginning of the image element. Figure 1 shows the diagram of the device; 2 is a control block diagram. The device (Fig. 1) contains a control unit 1, a display unit 2, a second 3, a first 4 decoders, a counter-register 5, a first group of 6 elements AND, a comparison block 7, a counter 8, a keyboard 9, a block of GO elements OR, block 11 elements NOT, the third element AND 12, the first trigger 13, the second 14 and fourth 15 elements AND, the element OR 16, the generator 17 pulses, the first 18 and fifth 19 elements And the second trigger 20 and the second group 21 elements I. Block 1 control (FIG. 2) contains trigger 22, pulse generator 23, element 24, counter 25, memory node 26, register 27, first 28 and third groups 29 The elements of AND, the decoder 30, the counter 31, the fourth group of 32 elements AND, the first 33 and the second 34 elements OR NOT and the second group of 35 elements I. i The device works as follows. Before starting work from the computer to the memory unit 26, the information is written through the second and third inputs of the device for displaying in the display unit 2 using the software method of controlling the CRT beam. Through the first input of the device, the trigger 22 is reset from the computer, the counter 25 through the second element OR-NOT 34 and the counter 31, and then the trigger 22 is turned on, which allows the frequency passage from the generator 23 of pulses through the element 24 to the input The second counter 25 and the polling of the decoder 4. As the counter 25 operates, signals separated in time appear at the outputs of the decoder 4 sequentially one after the other. By choosing, for example, an eight-digit counter with a corresponding decoder 4 as the counter 25, it is possible to obtain up to 256 signals at the output of the latter, which are conventionally divided into groups intended for reading, testing and visualizing the words recorded in memory node 26, with The purpose of creating an image on the screen of a CRT is the display unit 2. The device uses, for example, four types of words - the coordinate, character, vector and end of the array, each of which contains information and corresponding, different from the other, sign parts. The information part of each type of word is processed using the signals from the corresponding group from the outputs of the decoder 4. For example, a group of signals, starting with the first one, reads the words from the memory node 26, overwrites them into the register 27 and writes the code of the first signal of the group corresponding to the indicative part of the word read, through the first group of elements AND 28 and the element OR-NO 33 into the counter 25 for processing the coordinate word. The next group of signals can follow the first group of signals and records the coordinate code through the second group of elements AND 35, block 10 of elements OR, and block 11 of elements NOT in counter-register 5, the output of which goes to the input of coordinate amplifiers in display 2, controlling the output of the signal to the corresponding point of the screen. The following group of signals provides the reading of the sign code through a group of 29 elements AND to the input of the character generator and vectors in the display unit 2 to form the corresponding signal aka on the CRT screen. At the same time, the second counter 25 is used to count the time required for the visualization of the sign. The next group of signals reads the vector code through a group of 29 elements And writes it to the display unit 2 on the input of the sign and vector generator, which from its output begins to input an incremental code to the input of the coordinate amplifier to successively deflect the beam on the CRT screen to form the vector . The last group of signals is turned on when reading the last word from the array of words recorded in memory node 26, and ensures the formation of a scatter mark on the CRT screen, for example, in the form of a cross-shaped image + with the center coordinate, the code of which is recorded on the counter 8, the end old and start a new display cycle. The first signal of this group comes from the output of the decoder 4 to record the code of the center of the viewfinder from the output of counter 8 through the element OR 16, the block of 10 elements and the block of 11 elements NOT to the counter-register 5. Counter 8 consists of two ten-dimensional reversible counters - the counter X and the counter y, for the direct and reverse inputs of each of which are connected to the corresponding switching elements of the keyboard 9, with which it is possible to set any state on the counter 8. The following signals of the last group are fed to the second input of the counter 31 and the first input of the group of 32 elements AND to form the viewfinder image on the CRT screen. The counter 31 consists, for example, of

шести разр дов, причем младшие три разр да отсчитывают пачки по восемь импульсов, а старщие три разр да с помощью дешифратора 30 и четвертой группы 32 элементов И управл ют пос- 30 ледовательностью ввода этих пачек импульсов на соответствующие входы счетчиков-регистров X и Y счетчикарегистра 5. Например, при начальном состо ние 000 старших разр дов счетчика 31 первые восемь импульсов поступают на пр мой вход счетчикарегистра Y счетчика-регистра 5 и соответственно происходит перемещение луча на экране ЭЛТ на восемь приращений вверх. После этого измен ютс состо ни старших разр дов счетчика 31 на код 001 и, соответственно, следующие восемь импульсов поступают на реверсивный вход счетчика Y счет.чика-регистра 5 и, следовательно, луч на экране ЭЛТ перемещаетс на восемь приращений вниз, т.е. возвращаетс в центр визира. Каждому следующему состо нию старших разр дов счетчика 31 соответствуют определенные перемещени вниз, вверх, вправо и влево луча ЭЛТ, а в результате на экране ЭЛТ формируетс изображение визира + с координатой центра, код которой записан на счетчике 8. Последний сигнал этой группы проходит на установку в ноль триггера six bits, with the lower three bits counting packs of eight pulses, and the older three bits using the decoder 30 and the fourth group of 32 elements And control the sequence of the input of these bursts of pulses to the corresponding inputs of counters-registers X and Y of the register counter 5. For example, at the initial state of the 000 high bits of the counter 31, the first eight pulses go to the direct input of the register Y of the counter-register 5 and, accordingly, the beam moves on the CRT screen by eight increments upwards. After that, the states of the most significant bits of counter 31 are changed to code 001 and, accordingly, the next eight pulses arrive at the reversing input of counter Y of the counter-register 5 and, consequently, the beam on the CRT screen moves down eight increments, i.e. . returns to center of reticle. Each next state of the higher bits of the counter 31 correspond to certain movements down, up, right and left of the CRT beam, and as a result, an image of the reticle + with the center coordinate, the code of which is recorded on the counter 8, is formed on the CRT screen. to zero trigger

Claims

coordinate words containing the codes of their reference coordinates, that is, their location on the CRT screen, always precede. In the process of regeneration 13, to the memory node 26, the address register is reset to the initial state, as well as all the last signals from each and the groups, except the first, to the counter 25 installed through the second OR-NOT element 34 for switching on the first group of signals for reading the first word from. memory node 26. From this point on, the next cycle of displaying the information recorded in the memory node 26 begins. To create a stable image on a CRT screen, the regeneration frequency is selected at about 50 Hz. Thus, sequential reading, processing and visuals. The words recorded in memory node 26 with information regeneration with a frequency of 50 Hz make it possible to create corresponding images on the CRT screen, consisting of sign and vector information, for example, different linear spectra with the necessary sign digitization, and sign ( the words in the information storage node 26, the codes of the reference coordinates of any image element (sign, vector) are written sequentially from the fifth output of the control unit 1 through the block 10 of the OR elements and the block II of the elements NOT to the counter-register 5, the output of which is the device’s fifth output is connected to the display unit 2 and directly to the second input of the comparison unit 7, to the first input of which the counter 8 is connected. In the process of displaying the codes on the codes of the counter-register 5 and the counter 8 from the output of the comparison unit 7 to the first inputs elements 2 and 18 receive the enabling signal.Another signal, for example in the second of the coordinate word processing group included at this moment, passes from the third output of the decoder 4 to the second input of the element 12 and includes a trigger 13, allowing minutes to pass through AND gate 14 low frequency, for example 16 Hz square wave, a pulse generator 17 outputs a second input of AND gate 15, to a first input of which receives signals from the sixth reticle illumination output control unit 1 during imaging the reticle at the frame end. After the end of the frame, the last signal from the last group of signals from the fourth output of the decoder 4 sets a trigger 13 to O. With a frequency of regeneration of information around 50 Hz, the illumination of the viewfinder passes through the element 15 and several times less, causing the viewfinder to flash on the background of a stable image i.e. the viewfinder blinks at exact alignment of its center with the beginning (single coordinate) of any image element. In addition, if the vector with the beginning of which the center of the sight is combined has a code feature (for example, it is the spectral component of the displayed line spectrum), then its image also flashes. This is achieved due to the fact that when displaying vector words with a code feature, the output signal equal to the processing time of this spectrum is sent to the first input of an E 18 from the output of the decoder 3 every time. At the same time, cHHHanoj {4 at the third input The resolving signal from the output of the comparator unit 7, the low-frequency signals from the generator output 17 pulses pass to the first input of the AND 19 open at the second input by the trigger 20 only for the time of imaging the vectors, and then through the second the entry of the element OR 16 and the third output of the device into the illumination scheme of the display unit 2, which causes the vector that the center of the reticle is blinking. Now, to output the reference coordinate of the flashing vector, it is enough to send a polling signal from the computer to the second input of the group 21 of elements I and output the counter code 8 equal to the code of the reference coordinate of the blinking vector (image element) from the fourth output of the device. When displaying, for example, on the screen of the EJ line spectra with the number of components (vectors) up to 512 on one horizontal axis, accurately combine each time the center of the viewfinder with the selected component, the data on which must be entered into the computer, for example, to request digital values, is difficult because of the commensurability of the distance between the co-components of the spectrum, the thickness of the line of sight, and the resolution of the CRT. Introducing new units and communications into the device ensures that both the viewer and the selected image element are simultaneously highlighted by the flashes when the center of the viewer is exactly aligned with the beginning of the image element and, as a result, the reference coordinate codes of this image element and the center of the viewer stored on the counter 8, (( the code can be entered on request in a computer). This is a significant technical advantage in comparison with the known device and allows to increase the accuracy of data input into the computer. Claim 1. An information input / output device comprising a display unit, a control unit, the first element AND, a comparison unit, the first and second decoders, a counter and a keyboard, the output of which is connected to the input of the counter, the outputs of which are connected to one input of the comparison unit, The first to third inputs of the control unit are the first to the third inputs of the device, respectively, the first output of the control unit is connected to the input of the display unit, the second output is via the second decoder to the first input of the first Element And, the third and fourth outputs are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the first decipher tor, the first output is connected to the fourth input of the control unit, the second output to the first control input of the display unit, characterized in that in order to increase speed by reducing the time of combining the center of the sight with the beginning of the element, the image is entered into it from the second to the fifth elements And, the first and second triggers, the first and second groups of elements And, the counter-register, the block of elements NOT, the block element OR, element OR and pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the second and first inputs of the first and second elements AND, the third input of the first element AND is connected to the output of the comparison unit and to the first input of the third element AND, the second input of which is connected to the third output The first decoder, the fourth output of which is connected to the installation input into. About the first trigger, the installation input into 1 of which is connected to the output of the third element AND, the non-inverting input of the first trigger is connected to the second input of the second element AND, the fifth and sixth The first outputs of the first decoder are connected to the installation inputs 1 and O of the second trigger, respectively; the seventh output of the first decoder is connected to the first inputs of the AND elements of the first Group, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first counter, and the outputs are connected to the first input of the OR element block, the second input which is connected to the fifth output of the control unit, and the output is connected through the block of elements NOT to the installation input of the counter-register whose counting input is connected to the sixth output of the control unit and to the first input even And, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second element And, and the output is connected to the first input of the element OR, the first input of the fifth element And is connected to the output of the first element And, the second input - to the non-inverting output of the second trigger, and the output is connected to the second input of the OR element, the output of which is connected to the vamp 35

equal to the input of the display unit, the first inputs of the elements of the second group are connected to the output of the first counter, the second inputs are the fourth input and the outputs are the output of the device, the output of the counter-register is connected to the coordinate input of the display unit and the other input of the comparison unit.

la memory is connected to the input of the register, the second to the fourth outputs of which are connected to the second inputs of the elements And from the first to the third groups respectively, the outputs of the elements AND of the first group are connected to the inputs of the first element SH-NOT. 2, The device according to Claim I., that is, that the control unit comprises a pulse generator, a trigger, an AND element, first and second counters, a memory memory, a register, a decoder, four AND groups of elements, the first and second OR elements -NON, the control and address inputs of the memory node, the first inputs of the elements AND of the group, the first input of the second element and the counting input of the second counter are the fourth input of the block, the trigger installation inputs, the first and second data inputs of the memory node are from the first on the third block inputs, respectively, the outputs of the elements The third group, the first output of the register, the output of the element I, the output of the first counter, the outputs of the elements AND of the second and fourth groups are from the first to the sixth outputs of the block, respectively, the second input of the second element OR NOT and the reset input of the counter are connected to one of the installation the trigger inputs, the outputs of the pulse generator and the trigger are connected to the corresponding inputs of the AND element, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the first counter, the installation input of which is connected to the codes of the first element OR NOT, and the reset input from the output ode of the second element OR-NOT, the output of the second counter is connected via a decoder to the second inputs of the elements of the fourth group, vspod nodes

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