SU1006523A1 - Method for utilizing production wastes - Google Patents

Description

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CO The invention relates to the recycling of industrial waste by agglomeration and can be used in the disposal of hazardous waste from the metallurgical and chemical industry. A known method for producing briquettes from finely ground raw materials, including mixing the components of the mixture with the binder and pressing, according to which milling peat with a moisture content of 3.5-25% in an amount of 5-8% by weight of the dry mixture is used as a binder, a. The formation of a brillant is carried out with a specific pressing pressure of 1200-1500 kg / cm for .5-10 s - at 15-20 ° C 1. The disadvantage of this method is that milling peat humidity of 15-25% is obtained from milling peat with the initial humidity of 70-8.0% by drying it to 45-55%, grinding to a particle size of 0-6 m m and further drying to 15-25%, i.e. peat preparation operations are energy-intensive, labor-intensive and relatively expensive; the high pressing pressures (1200-1500 kg / cm) and the duration of the molding greatly complicate the pressing process and make it difficult to choose the pressing equipment; compaction of finely divided mixtures saturated with organic oils with the specified binder consumption (5–8%) is practically impossible. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of processing oil sludge containing fine. fraction of mineral substances, including the preparation and burning of mineral substances with petroleum products. However, the known method does not allow the use of heat-water ability of combustible elements with sufficient efficiency. The object of the invention is to efficiently use the calorific value of the thermal elements of petroleum products and to protect the environment. The goal is achieved by the fact that the method of disposal of industrial waste, including the preparation and combustion of a mixture of mineral substances c. with oil products, the mixture is prepared by briquetting production waste, which is used for filtering perlite sludge in an amount of 20-50% and sawdust with moisture content of 1022% in an amount of 80-50% under pressure of 800-1200 kg / cm. T. finely divided mineral raw materials , saturated with organic oils, which include filter perlite sludge, which contains up to 50% by weight of waste mineral oil, is difficult to bricke material and is not subject to agglomeration due to the low specific energy tension organic Sgiach oils. Filtroperlite sludge is currently stored in open dumps, which leads to pollution of wastewater, and evaporation of oils has a detrimental effect on the environment. At present, there is no rational and effective way to dispose of filter-perlite sludge and eliminate its harmful effects on the environment. The proposed method allows the production of briquettes from a filter-perlite slime. - waste rolling production - and burn them later in the layered furnaces. The method is carried out as follows. In the amount of 20-50% of the weight of the charge, containing 45-50% by weight of waste mineral oil, 50-80% by weight of wood OPI.1UC with moisture below 22% is added to the filter-perlite sludge. Filtered sludge and sawdust evenly mixed. And pressed at a pressure of more than 800 kg / cm, for example in a stamp press. Sawdust as well as filter-perlite sludge is a waste product that is not sold in light-duty production. They, being an excellent absorber of the oil released from the sludge during the pressing process, at the expense of the fibrous structure, increase the strength of the briquettes. The natural moisture content of sawdust is typically around 20%. The content of sawdust added to the filter-perlite sludge in the amount of 50-80% is due to the oil content in the sludge and the strength requirements of the briquettes. Reducing the consumption of sawdust below 50% leads to oversaturation of their oil and reduce the strength of briquettes, and an increase in the content above 80% leads to a decrease in the bulk density of the charge, deterioration of its bulk properties and difficult to load into the working volume of the stamp press in the required amount. Excess moisture in sawdust prevents solid particles from coming together, and the formation of a dense monolith of a briquette, as a result of the negative effect of excess moisture in the sawdust, the strength of briquettes is very much reduced and they are destroyed by the slightest mechanical effects.

Therefore, the moisture content of sawdust should not exceed 22 wt.%.

The pressing pressure should not be lower than 800 kg / cm, since in the case of the necessary case the necessary particles of the charge do not come together and the mass that has not formed out of the channel of the press.

Example 1 Filtroperlite sludge, containing .46% waste mineral oil, taken in an amount of 30% by weight of the charge, is mixed with wood and sawdust, taken in an amount of 70% by weight of the charge. The moisture content of sawdust is 18%, size 0-8 mm. The pressing pressure is 1000 kg / cm. Pressing is performed on a hydraulic press with a force of up to 50 tons in a laboratory matrix 50 mm in diameter. After two hours, the briquettes are tested for compression and bending. At the same time, the temporary resistance of compression briquettes averages 490 kg / s and 5.08 kg / cm for bending.

.Prmere 2. Prepare a mixture of similar composition, but at a pressure of 700 kgTcm, This pressure does not provide the minimum allowable strength. Temporary resistance of briquettes to compression of 40 kg / cm, bending of 0, 7 kg / cm.

Briquettes with such strength are destroyed with minor mechanical effects and cannot be transported and reloaded, and in the channel of the stamp press they are not formed into briquettes at all.

Table 1 shows the qualitative characteristics of briquettes with different contents of sawdust, the humidity of which is 18%. Pressing pressure - 1000 kg / cm

Table 2 shows the qualitative characteristics of briquettes with a sawdust content of 70%, the humidity of which varies from 10 to 26%. Pressing pressure 1000 kg / cm.

Table 3 shows the characteristics of briquettes when the pressing pressure is varied from 700 to 4200 kg / cm.

Analysis of the data in Table 1-3 shows that the optimum pressure is 800–1200 kg / cm; the content of sawdust in the range of 50-80% by weight of the mixture; humidity of sawdust in the range of 10-22%. .

Increasing the pressure above 1200 kg / cm is impractical due to the increased cost of briquetting.

Drying to a moisture content of 10% is impractical because it leads to an increase in the cost of drying sawdust and does not improve the mechanical performance of briquettes.

The maximum humidity (22%), not looking at the relatively low mechanical strengths of the briquettes obtained, is justified, since this ensures the transportability of the briquettes obtained during local transportation (up to -100 km) and the need to dry the sawdust is eliminated. As a result, a high economic effect is achieved when disposing of waste. A comparison of the technical and economic indicators of the invention and the known method shows that the cost of 1 ton of a milling briquette briquette is 9 rubles, of which approximately 7-8 rubles. goes to the extraction and drying of milled peat. Sawdust is a waste of woodworking production and their selling price is only 0.5-1.0 rubles / ton. On the implementation of the proposed method, each ton of briquette contains on average 65% of sawdust (solid binder) and therefore replacing them with milling peat will lead to additional costs - 3.9 rubles. “A ton of briquette.

The molding process by a known method lasts 5-10 seconds, and according to the proposed process can be carried out in a stamp press, where the pressing speed lasts a fraction of seconds (7080 brik / s). Consequently, productivity increases by more than v by a factor of 10 and the specific costs of pressing are reduced.

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Claims (1)

2. Copyright certificate of the USSR ”426109, cl. F 23 G 7/04, <1972. * (5?) METHOD FOR DISPOSAL OF PRODUCTION WASTE, including the preparation and burning of a mixture of minerals with petroleum products, characterized in that, in order to efficiently use the calorific value, ability of fuel elements of petroleum products and protect the environment, the mixture is prepared by briquetting production waste, as which use filter perlite sludge in an amount of 20-50% and sawdust with a moisture content of 10-22% in an amount of 80-50% under a pressure of 800-1200 kg / cm