KR890002776B1 - Process for the preparation of solid fuel using peat as raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for prepg. solid fuel comprises (1) dehydrating peat to below 15% water content; (2) crushing to below 0.5-1 mm for the prepn. of pellet or briquet; (3) for physical/chemical treatment, passing raw material through a vapor stream (100-120 deg.C) of ammonia for 1-5 sec to increase strength and vol. sp. gr.; (4) adding as binders rosin (less than 10 wt.%), bunker C oil (less than 20 wt.%), high quality anthracite (less than 50 wt.%); and (5) compressing for finishing.

Description

Solid fuel production method using peat

1 is a process for producing solid fuel using peat as a raw material.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: hopper for raw coal dewatering 2: dehydrator

3: drying and heating tube of peat cooling system 4: conveyor belt

5: peat grinder 6: rotary drum mixer

7: aqueous ammonia tank and sprayer 8: extruder

The present invention relates to a process for making solid fuel by processing peat. More specifically, the method relates to a method of making pellets and briquette-shaped solid fuels having high calorie and strength by pulverizing and drying peat, and then compressing and treating the ammonia solution.

The history of peat use so far shows that peat in its natural state is collected to a certain standard and naturally dried before being used as an auxiliary fuel.

The present invention aims to develop an energy source that can replace peat or coal, which is an existing fuel, by producing solid fuel through mechanical and physicochemical processing.

In general, peat in Korea is not only showing a lot of regional differences, but also shows a lot of geological characteristics in its development. There are many differences in the composition of domestic peat and foreign peat (UK, USA, Sweden, Finland, Canada, etc.). In particular, in ash, the amount is 10-20%, while in domestic ash, it is 10-20%. Due to the difference of about 10%, there are many technical difficulties in the fuel manufacturing process compared to foreign production.

In the process of collecting peat in the natural state and processing it as a solid fuel, peat is collected, (1) dehydration, (2) drying, (3) grinding, (4) physical and chemical treatment, (5) mixing, (6) It can be summarized by compression processing and the detailed description is as follows.

(1) dehydration

When the peat in the natural state is collected, the water content is generally more than 45% of the wet state, so when processed directly as a solid fuel, it is natural that it is a low-grade fuel, dehydration work for them is an inevitable work process. Therefore, in the mechanical dehydration operation, it is ideal to have a water content of 25% or less, and as a mechanical device used therein, a belt compressor that can be processed in large quantities as a dehydrator by compression will be ideal (see FIG. 1).

(2) drying

After dehydration of peat collected in the workshop, it is transferred to the drying plant, where the mechanical drying process must be completed until the moisture content is less than 15%.

(3) disintegration

Peat dried to have a water content of 15% or less must be pulverized to produce pellets or briquettes, at which time the ibiza should be pulverized to 1 m / m or less.

(4) physical and chemical treatment

(i) the volume ratio is low (200-3000kg / m ³ or less) of peat the peat ol cooled to -20 ℃ water content as a fuel and as a raw material is 45-65% (not less than 65% dehydration to 45-65%) In this case, the liquid state of the peat material approaches the fragile as a crystalline state, whereby the change of crystal grating occurs strongly, and the cooled peat is crushed before drying. Volumetric gravity also increases, affecting quality. Therefore, the peat raw material after the grinding operation is dried until the moisture content is 15% or less and then enters the compression process. (ii) To increase the strength of pellets or briquettes, the optimum plastic viscosity is obtained by passing the ground and dried peat raw materials before mixing or compressing for 1-5 seconds in the vapor flow (100-120 ° C) of the ammonia solution. To have. The adsorption of ammonia vapors increases the humidity of peat, which in turn interacts with the humic acid of peat, causing ammonia to form humate, thereby increasing the strength of the peat surface layer.

(iii) When manufacturing briquettes as peat material, one of the methods to increase the hardness of briquettes is to increase the mass by heating the granular peat material before compression processing. The hardness of the briquettes shows a large difference.

[table]

As can be seen from Table 1, the higher the heating temperature, the higher the hardness, the highest at 290 ° C, and then the drop (curve ⓛ). Curve ②), the exposure time is 120 seconds is the best (curve ③).

(5) mixed

In case of producing the fuel with peat material, if it does not achieve the desired effect (fuel amount and insufficient carbon content depending on the usage), the combustible material processed by mixing with peat material is banca C oil, polyethylene, molasses or starch, Pellet and briquettes can be prepared by mixing rosin and solid anthracite coal (more than 80% of fixed carbon and less than 10% of ash) with a certain ratio. The mixing ratio of the combustible material is the weight ratio of peat material, which is less than 20% for diesel oil, less than 5% for polyethylene (polymer), less than 10% for molasses and starch, and less than 50% for solid anthracite coal. Most preferred.

(6) compression processing

Compressed processing in the final process of fuel production using peat material as raw materials can be produced by compression processing only during the above-mentioned physical and chemical treatment. However, when preparing raw materials by mixing with a masking material Processing is carried out at a pressure of 600-1500 kg / cm ^{3 with} heating according to the mixture up to 250 ° C.

[Compression processing test 1]

In case of producing briquettes with peat raw material having 48% water content and 196kg / cm3 specific volume, the welding specificity is 307kg / cm3 after the peat is pulverized after cooling in -30 ℃ for 30 minutes before grinding. As a result, an increase of about 1.5 times can be obtained, which was dried to 15% of moisture and then compressed.

[Compression processing test 2]

Peat heated up to 80 ℃ (water content 12%) was compressed by 2% ammonia demand, processing time was 1-5 seconds, steam temperature was 110-120 ℃ and briquette at 600-800kg / ㎠ pressure Was produced. The invention is explained in more detail as follows.

Example 1

After collecting the peat in the natural state, the process was air-dried and open-dried, and then the powdered peat powder, which was pulverized into 0.5m / m particles, was processed or mixed as in the following sample.

The results of the industrial analysis on the specimens were as follows. The smoke and odor were slightly quality during the combustion of the specimen, and only ash was left in very light powder after combustion.

Example 2

Example 1 was prepared by varying the mixing process to the peat raw material which was dried and pulverized in the same process as in Example 1, and the sample was different from the peat raw material in Example 1.

The mixing process was carried out as follows.

G _P-1 ; Peat powder + Banca C oil (20% by weight of peat) + rosin (15% by weight of peat) + oak (outer)

G _P-2 ; Peat powder + rosin (Peat weight ratio 10%)

K _P-4 ; Peat Powder + Banca C Oil (Peat 15%) + Rosin (Peat 10%)

K _P-5 ; Peat Powder-Banka C Oil (Peat Weight Ratio 10-20%) + Rosin (Peat Weight Ratio 10%)

Compression processing for these was heated at 70-100% for 3 minutes and then compressed at 500-7000kg / ㎠ pressure, and the manufactured product (in case of G _P-1 ) was used for 2 minutes between complexes than in Example 1. It was fast, burning time was about 1 hour, dark smoke and smell was great during the burning, and smoke and smell stopped after ignition.

Example 3

Drying and grinding of the peat raw materials are the same as in Examples 1 and 2, but mixing was performed in the following process.

P _A-4 ; Peat Powder + Banca C Oil (10% peat weight) + Solid Anthracite Powder (10-15% peat) + Rosin (10% peat weight) + Oak (Outer)

P _A-5 ; Same as P-4, but increased the solid anthracite content to 20% peat weight.

V _P-6 ; Peat Powder + Banca C Oil (Peat Weight Ratio 15%) + Solid Anthracite Coal (Peat Weight Ratio 10%) + Oaks (Peat Weight Ratio 10%)

The solid material used as the blend was 80% or more of fixed carbon, less than 6% of ash, and pulverized lump coal having a calorific value of 7.300 Kcal to 0.5 m / m or less, which was mixed and processed. Compressed to 800-100 kg / cm 2. The pellets were cylindrical in diameter of 10 m / m, briquettes were punched 15 m / m in 40 m / m coal, and the thickness of the coal was about 15 m / m.

As a result of the simple combustion of the prepared prototype, the ignition time was delayed more than 3 minutes than the prototype G _P-1 or T-1, but after ignition, the flame length was higher than that of the prototype, and the smoke and smell were similar. Lasted about 2 hours.

Claims (4)

It is a solid fuel made from peat through drying, pulverization, physical and chemical treatment, mixing and compression processing. The moisture content in the drying step is less than 15%, and the particle size in the grinding step is 1-. 0.5m / m or less, the strength and volumetric weight increase in the physicochemical treatment step, using rosin less than 10% of the peat weight as a binder, banca C oil, high quality anthracite coal used as a mixture Solid fuel production method. The method of claim 1, wherein as a method for increasing the volume specific gravity, the water content of peat is dehydrated in the range of 45-65%, and then cooled at minus 25-15 ° C. for 20-40 minutes, whereby the crystal lattice of the peat is soft. And then grinding and dry processing the solid fuel. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of increasing the strength of the solid fuel is characterized in that the compression process after passing the peat powder (1m / m or less) for 1-5 seconds through a mixed vapor of ammonia and water at 110-120 ℃. Solid fuel production method. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is heated at a high temperature to increase the strength of the solid fuel, wherein the peat powder is heated at 250-350 ° C. for at least 5 minutes and then exposed for 100-140 seconds to a pressure of 600-800 kg / cm 2. Solid fuel production method characterized in that the compression processing.

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