SK500032022U1 - Linear internal combustion engine with a free piston - Google Patents

Abstract

A linear internal combustion engine with a free piston, characterized in that it has a body (1) at each end of which is a piston (2, 2'). This piston (2, 2') is firmly connected to the body (1), while between the body (1) and the piston (2, 2') there is a space (A) for the passage of fumes. An internal electromagnetic valve (3) is located in the face of the piston (2, 2') to release the flue gas from the combustion chamber (4) during expansion. The outer surface of the piston (2) has two seats (5) with piston rings that are in contact with the cylinder (6, 6'). In the cylinder head (6, 6') there is an external electromagnetic valve (7) for injecting air into the combustion chamber (4), also in the cylinder head (6, 6') there is a fuel injection device (13) and an ignition member (8) for igniting the mixture of air and fuel in the combustion chamber (4) during compression, then there is at least one hole in the cylinder (6, 6') in the place that corresponds to the spacing of the mountings (5) on the piston (2, 2') , which is connected to the pipe connected to the oil pump and the oil sump (9) and the hole with the oil injector (14), the end of the cylinder (6, 6') is equipped with exhaust holes (10). The body (1) is hollow and is connected to a system of pipes for the introduction of cooling air and also to a system of pipes for the removal of heated air. The body (1) contains elements (11) for transmitting the rectilinear reciprocating movement to another device.

Description

SK 50003-2022 U1

The field of technology

The technical solution concerns a linear combustion engine with a free piston, the mentioned engine belongs to the group of engines without crankshafts.

Current state of the art

Currently, internal combustion engines are widely used, which have pistons connected via connecting rods to the crankshaft. The energy of the explosion is transmitted through the connecting rod to the crankshaft, which performs a rotary movement, by means of a piston that performs a sliding reciprocating motion. With this type of engine, there is a lot of energy loss, which is caused by the friction of moving parts as well as rotating parts. A significant amount of oil is used to reduce friction. Since this type of engine contains a crankshaft that has unbalanced masses, it needs a complicated design to eliminate the resulting vibrations. As a result, such an engine is difficult to manufacture and also difficult to maintain and repair after using it. From the state of the art, the solution DE4344915A1 representing a linear generator of an internal combustion engine is known, in which two opposite pistons working on the two-stroke principle drive a rotor with one or more pairs of magnetic poles in the shape of a coil to reciprocate linear movements through the rods of the rotor, and thus also generate electric current on the cylindrical stator current in the windings. Similarly, the known solution US2019085695 representing a device with a free piston includes a piston reservoir in which the piston device with a piston is reversible along the axis. The piston container contains a combustion chamber defined by a wall arrangement forming an inlet opening for fresh gas supply and an outlet opening for flue gas discharge. The free-piston device includes an inflow device having an inlet opening and is designed so that the fresh gas flowing into the combustion chamber is directed to an incident flow region in the combustion chamber arranged axially offset from the inlet opening, this flow region being arranged off-center with respect to on axis The method of operation of the free piston device involves the control of an inflow device having an inlet arranged so that fresh gas is directed to an incident flow region in the combustion chamber that is axially offset from the inlet.

The essence of the technical solution

The shortcomings mentioned in the prior art are eliminated in the presented utility model, the essence of which is that the combustion engine is designed as a linear one with a free piston. The internal combustion engine described has a single body, at each end of which is a piston. This piston is firmly connected to the body, while between the body and the piston there is a space for the passage of fumes. An internal electromagnetic valve is located in the head of the piston to release the flue gases from the combustion chamber during expansion. The outer surface of the piston has two seats with piston rings that are in contact with the cylinder. An external electromagnetic valve for air intake and a device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber are located in the cylinder head. An ignition element is also located in the cylinder head for igniting the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber during compression. There is at least one hole in the cylinder in the place that corresponds to the spacing of the pistons, which is connected to the pipe connected to the oil pump and the oil pan, and the other hole to the oil injector. The end of the cylinder is equipped with exhaust holes. Fittings with sealing rings are placed between the cylinder and the body. The body is hollow and is connected to a system of pipes for the introduction of cooling air and also to a system of pipes for the removal of heated air. The body contains elements for transmitting rectilinear reciprocating motion to another device.

Overview of images on drawings

The attached figure 1 shows a diagram of a linear combustion engine with a free piston, figure 2 shows a cylinder at the moment of compression, figure 3 shows an oppositely positioned cylinder at the moment of expansion.

SK 50003-2022 U1

Implementation examples

A linear combustion engine with a free piston has one body 1, at each end of which a piston 2, 2' is placed. These pistons 2, 2' are firmly connected to the body 1, while between the body 1 and the pistons 2, 2' there is a space A for the passage of flue gases. In the head of the piston 2, 2', an internal electromagnetic valve 3 is placed to release the flue gas from the combustion chamber 4 during expansion. The outer surface of the piston 2,2' has two seats 5 with piston rings that are in contact with the cylinder 6, 6'. In the cylinder head 6, 6' there is an external electromagnetic valve 7 for infusing air, also in the cylinder head 6, 6' there is a fuel injection device 13 of fuel into the combustion chamber 4. There is also an ignition element in the cylinder head 6, 6' 8 to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 4 during compression. In the cylinder 6, 6' in the place that corresponds to the spacing of the mountings 5 on the piston 2, 2' there is at least one hole that is connected to the pipe connected to the oil pump and the oil pan 9 and the other hole with the oil injector 14. The end of the cylinder 6, 6' is equipped with exhaust holes 10. Between the cylinder 6, 6' and the body 1 there are mountings with sealing rings 12. The body 1 is hollow and is connected to a system of pipes for introducing cooling air and also to a system of pipes for the removal of heated air. The body 1 contains elements 11 for transmitting the rectilinear reciprocating movement to another device, for example a crank mechanism or a lever mechanism.

The method of operation of the mentioned device is as follows, starting is ensured by known means connected to the device 11 for transferring the return movement to another device or by means of a compressor and compressed air injected into one of the pistons 2, 2. Subsequently, the electromagnetic (suction) valve 7 opens in the piston 2 and air is sucked into the cylinder space 6. Subsequently, its compression occurs, during which it is injected using the fuel injection device 13, which is ignited by the ignition member 8 at the top dead center of the piston 2, causing expansion. At the bottom dead center of the piston 2, the internal electromagnetic valve 3 is opened, which ensures exhaust fumes, and at the same time the electromagnetic (suction) valve 7 opens and air is sucked into the cylinder space 6, the cycle is repeated, while the compression is provided by the piston 2' on the opposite side of the engine , which works in an identical time-shifted mode.

Claims (1)

SK 50003-2022 U1 CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION A linear internal combustion engine with a free piston, characterized in that it has one body (1) at each end of which is a piston (2, 2'), this piston (2, 2') being rigidly connected to the body (1), where between the body (1) and the piston (2, 2') there is a space (A) for the passage of flue gas, an internal electromagnetic valve (3) is located in the head of the piston (2, 2') for discharging flue gas from the combustion chamber (4) during expansion, then the outer surface of the piston (2, 2') has two seats (5) with piston rings that are in contact with the cylinder (6, 6'), an external electromagnetic valve is located in the cylinder head (6, 6') (7) for injecting air into the combustion chamber (4), also in the cylinder head (6, 6') there is a fuel injection device (13) and 10 an ignition element (8) for igniting the mixture of air and fuel in the combustion chamber ( 4) during compression, then there is at least one hole in the cylinder (6, 6') in the place corresponding to the spacing of the mountings (5) on the piston (2, 2'), which is connected to the pipe connected to the oil pump and oil sump (9) and a hole with an oil injector (14), the end of the cylinder (6.6') is equipped with exhaust holes (10), the body (1) is hollow and is connected to a system of pipes for blowing in cooling air and also to the system of pipes for the removal of heated air, 15, while the body (1) contains elements (11) for the transmission of rectilinear movement to another device. 3 drawings