SI9700080A

SI9700080A - Pulling device for trailers

Info

Publication number: SI9700080A
Application number: SI9700080A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Dowe Guenter
Original assignee: Bpw Bergische Achsen Kommanditgesellschaft
Priority date: 1996-04-29
Filing date: 1997-04-02
Publication date: 1998-10-31
Also published as: DE59704571D1; CZ127497A3; EP0805082B1; CZ289793B6; HUP9700823A2; HU9700823D0; DE19617064C2; PL183175B1; PL319715A1; DE19617064A1; SI9700080B; HU221113B1; HUP9700823A3; EP0805082A3; EP0805082A2

Abstract

The invention deals with a pulling device for trailers (2) featuring an impact brake which upon a relative movement between the pulling rod (6) connected to the trailer clutch and the pulling shaft (1), connected to the chassis of the trailer with the help of a transmission device, operates a braking assembly (8). The transmission device is made from a flexible pulling element (9) having its front part connected to the pulling rod (6) and its rear end to the braking mechanism and which is guided via at least one redirection wheel (11) whose redirection point for the flexible pulling element (9) is in the driving direction in front of the attachment point of the front part of the pulling element (9) on the pulling rod (6).

Description

Vlečna naprava za priklopna vozilaTowing device for trailers

Izum zadeva predvsem po višini prestavljivo vlečno napravo za priklopna vozila z naletno zavorno napravo, ki pri relativnem premiku med vlečnim drogom, povezanim s sklopko za vlečno vozilo, in vlečnim ojesom, povezanim z okvirom priklopnega vozila, s pomočjo prenosne naprave deluje na zavorno drogovje. Tovrstne vlečne naprave so znane v raznih izvedbah.The invention relates, in particular, to a height-adjustable trailer hitch with an overrunning brake device which acts on the brake lever by means of a portable device using a portable device at a relative displacement between the drawbar connected to the drawbar coupling and the drawbar connected to the frame of the trailer. Such towing devices are known in various embodiments.

Izum je osnovan na nalogi, ustvariti konstrukcijsko enostavno vlečno napravo za priklopna vozila, katere prenosna naprava med naletno zavorno napravo in zavornim drogovjem ima kar se da visok izkoristek z majhnimi izgubami. Ta vlečna naprava naj bo primerna predvsem za ukrivljene in po višini prestavljive vlečne naprave in sicer brez omejevanja odmika od tal tudi pri najmanjši višini priklapljanja.The invention is based on the task of creating a simple construction trailer towing device for trailers, the portable device of which has a high efficiency with low losses between the impact brake device and the brake link. This towing device should be particularly suitable for curved and height-adjustable towing devices, without limiting ground clearance even with the lowest coupling height.

Rešitev tako definirane naloge z izumom je značilna po tem, da je prenosna naprava narejena iz gibkega vlečnega elementa, katerega prednji konec je povezan z vlečnim drogom in katerega zadnji konec je povezan z zavornim drogovjem in ki je voden preko vsaj enega preusmernega koluta, katerega točka preusmeritve za gibki vlečni element leži v smeri vožnje pred pritrdiščem prednjega konca vlečnega elementa na vlečnem drogu.The solution of the definition of the invention according to the invention is characterized in that the transmission device is made of a flexible traction element whose front end is connected to the towing rod and whose rear end is connected to the brake rod and which is guided by at least one divert disc whose point the diversion for the flexible traction element lies in the direction of travel before attaching the front end of the traction element to the traction mast.

S tem izumskim predlogom se dobi za priklopno vozilo določena vlečna naprava, pri kateri se sila od naletne zavorne naprave na zavorno drogovje prenaša na posebno enostaven način in z najmanjšimi možnimi tornimi izgubami. Pri gibkem vlečnem elementu, uporabljenem v ta namen, gre lahko za vrv, verigo ali kovinski trak ali trak iz umetne snovi, ki ima le majhne dimenzije, saj se morajo s tem gibkim vlečnim elementom prenašati izključno vlečne sile.This invention provides for a trailer to be provided with a towing device in which the force is transmitted in a particularly simple manner with the least possible friction loss from the impact brake device to the brake pole. The flexible traction element used for this purpose may be a rope, chain or metal strap or plastic tape which has only small dimensions, since this traction element must only be able to withstand traction forces.

Če vlečna naprava vsebuje po višini prestavljiv, naletno zavorno napravo noseč del, ki je s pomočjo vsaj enega veznega dela z vsaj dvema nihalnima osema povezan z vlečnim ojesom, se po nadaljnji značilnosti izuma predlaga, da na vsaki nihalni osi vrtljivo uležiščimo preusmerni kolut za gibki vlečni element. S to ureditvijo vsakokrat enega preusmernega koluta na vsaki nihalni osi veznega dela je zagotovljeno, da tudi pri višinski prestavitvi vlečne naprave ne pride do spremembe dolžine glede gibkega vlečnega elementa, tako da le-ta neodvisno od višinske lege sklopke, ki se priklaplja na vlečno vozilo, prenaša v naletni zavorni napravi nastale sile na zavorno drogovje.If the towing device comprises a height-adjustable, colliding braking device which is connected to the drawbar by means of at least one connecting part with at least two oscillating axles, it is proposed, by a further feature of the invention, to rotate the pivot roller on each oscillating axis traction element. This arrangement of one reversing disc in each swing axis of the coupling ensures that the length of the flexible coupling element does not change even in height, so that it is independent of the coupling height of the coupling which attaches to the towing vehicle. , transfers the force exerted on the brake control device to the brake pole.

Zadnji konec gibkega vlečnega elementa je lahko neposredno povezan s prednjim koncem zavornega drogovja. Po nadaljnji značilnosti izuma pa je, zlasti za dosego prestave sile, možno zadnji konec gibkega vlečnega elementa povezati s preusmernim vzvodom, ki je kot tak nihalno uležiščen na vlečnem ojesu ali okviru priklopnega vozila in povezan z zavornim drogovjem.The rear end of the flexible traction element can be directly connected to the front end of the brake rod. According to a further feature of the invention, in particular in order to achieve gearing, the rear end of the flexible traction element can be connected to a diversion lever, which as such is pivotally mounted on the towing axle or trailer frame and connected to the brake pole.

Na priloženih skicah sta predstavljena dva izvedbena primera vlečne naprave po izumu. Pri tem kaže sl. la po višini prestavljivo vlečno napravo v shematičnem pogledu od strani, v začetnem stanju, sl. Ib pogled od strani, kot v primeru sl. la, toda po aktiviranju naletne zavorne naprave, sl. 2a drugi izvedbeni primer vlečne naprave v shematičnem pogledu od strani, v začetnem stanju, in sl. 2b pogled od strani, kot v primeru sl. 2a, toda po aktiviranju naletne zavorne naprave,The accompanying drawings show two embodiments of the towing device according to the invention. In this respect, FIG. 1a is a schematic side elevation view of an adjustable drawbar in its initial state, FIG. Ib is a side view, as in FIG. la, but after activation of the overrun braking device, fig. 2a is a second embodiment of a towing device in schematic side view, in its initial state, and FIG. 2b is a side view, as in FIG. 2a, but after the parking brake is actuated,

Pri obeh izvedbenih primerih vlečna naprava obsega vlečno oje 1, ki je čvrsto povezano z okvirom črtkanopikčasto nakazanega priklopnega vozila 2. Na prednjem koncu vlečnega ojesa 1 je nad veznim delom 3 razporejen po višini prestavljiv del 4, ki nosi naletno zavorno napravo. Slednja obsega ohišje 5, v katerem je proti sili vmes vgrajenega blažilnika 7 sunkov vzdolžno gibljivo voden vlečni drog 6. Le-ta je na svojem prednjem, na skicah nepredstavljenem koncu opremljen s sklopko za vlečno vozilo.In both embodiments, the towing device comprises a towing eye 1 which is firmly connected to the frame of the dotted-pointed trailer 2. At the front end of the towing axle 1, an adjustable height-adjustable part 4 is supported above the connecting part 3, which bears an inverted braking device. The latter comprises a housing 5 in which an anti-emergency buffer bar 7 is provided with a longitudinally driven towbar 6 against its force. It is provided with a towing vehicle clutch at its front, not shown in the drawings.

Pri zavrtju vlečnega vozila se zaradi vztrajnosti priklopnega vozila 2 ohišje 5 naletne zavorne naprave, ki je povezano s po višini prestavljivim delom 4 vlečnega ojesa 1, relativno glede na vlečni drog 6 pomakne naprej, pri čemer blažilnik 7 sunkov ta relativni premik duši. Relativni premik med vlečnim drogom 6, povezanim s sklopko za vlečno vozilo, in po višini prestavljivim delom 4 vlečnega ojesa 1, ki je povezan s priklopnim vozilom 2, se izkoristi za aktiviranje zavornega drogovja 8, ki pri obeh izvedbenih primerih izvaja vlečno silo na v skicah neprikazano zavorno napravo priklopnega vozila 2.In the rotation of the towing vehicle, due to the persistence of the trailer 2, the housing 5 of the oncoming braking device, which is connected to the height-adjustable part 4 of the towing axle 1, moves forward relative to the towing rod 6, with the shock absorber 7 suppressing this relative displacement. The relative displacement between the drawbar 6 connected to the coupling for the towing vehicle and the height-adjustable part 4 of the drawbar 1 connected to the trailer 2 is used to activate the brake linkage 8, which in both embodiments exerts a tractive force on v sketches of the unmanaged braking device of the trailer 2.

Pot X, ki jo ugotovimo ob primerjavi skic sl. la in lb oz. 2a in 2b in ki nastane pri aktiviranju naletne zavorne naprave, se preko prenosne naprave prenese na zavorno drogovje 8, ki po predstavitvah v sl. la in lb oz. 2a in 2b izvede pot y prestavitve, ki se uporabi za aktiviranje zavorne naprave.Path X, which is found when comparing the sketches of FIG. la and lb respectively. 2a and 2b, which results from the activation of the inertia braking device, is transmitted through the transmission device to the brake pole 8, which according to the illustrations in FIG. la and lb respectively. 2a and 2b perform the shift path y used to activate the braking device.

Prenosno napravo tvori gibek vlečni element 9, katerega prednji konec je preko konzole 6a povezan z zadnjim koncem vlečnega droga 6. Ta konzola 6a štrli pri obeh izvedbenih primerih ven skozi režo 4a na spodnji strani po višini prestavljivega dela 4. Zadnji konec gibkega vlečnega elementa 9 je povezan z zavornim drogovjem 8. Pri obeh izvedbenih primerih je ta zveza vzpostavljena s pomočjo preusmemega vzvoda 10, ki služi prestavi sile in poti in ki je na svojem spodnjem koncu s pomočjo ležiščnega sornika lOa nihalno uležiščen na vlečnem ojesu 1 oz. prigradnem delu na tem vlečnem ojesu 1. Pri obeh izvedbenih primerih zadnji konec gibkega vlečnega elementa 9 uprijema na zgornjem koncu tega preusmemega vzvoda 10, zavorno drogovje 8 pa je v območju med ležiščnim sornikom lOa in prijemališčem gibkega vlečnega elementa 9 povezano s preusmernim vzvodom 10.The portable device is formed by a flexible traction element 9 whose front end is connected via the bracket 6a to the rear end of the traction rod 6. This bracket 6a protrudes through the slit 4a on the underside of the height of the movable part 4 in both embodiments. is connected to the brake rod 8. In both embodiments, this connection is made by means of a retractable lever 10, which serves to shift the force and the path, and which is pivotably mounted on the lower end by means of a bearing bolt lOa on the drawbar 1 or. of the attachment part of this drawbar 1. In both embodiments, the rear end of the flexible drawbar element 9 resists at the upper end of this retractable lever 10, and the brake rod 8 is connected to the retractable lever 10 in the area between the bearing bolt lOa and the gripper arm.

Kot lahko vidimo na obeh izvedbenih primerih, je gibki vlečni element voden preko vsaj enega preusmemega koluta 11, katerega preusmerna točka prednjega konca vlečnega elementa 9 leži na vlečnem drogu 6. Posledica po skicah v desno usmerjenega gibanja vlečnega droga 6 je zato zaradi preusmeritve gibkega vlečnega elementa 9 na preusmernem kolutu 11 vlečno gibanje gibkega vlečnega elementa 9 in s tem nihalno gibanje preusmemega vzvoda 10 proti urnemu smislu.As can be seen in both embodiments, the flexible traction element is guided through at least one reversible reel 11 whose diversion point of the front end of the traction element 9 lies on the towing rod 6. The consequence of the drawings in right-directed movement of the towing rod 6 is therefore due to the diversion of the flexible traction rod of the element 9 on the diaphragm reel 11, the traction movement of the flexible traction element 9, and thus the oscillating movement of the diverted lever 10 in an hourly fashion.

Pri prvem izvedbenem primeru po skicah sl. la in lb je med vlečnim ojesom 1 in po višini prestavljivim delom 4 vlečnega ojesa 1 razporejeni vezni del 3 razporejen zavihtljivo okoli dveh nihalnih osi 3a in 3b na vlečnem ojesu 1 oz. na po višini prestavljivem delu 4. Da se pri višinskem prestavljanju dela 4 izognemo spremembi dolžine gibkega vlečnega elementa 9, je preusmerni kolut 10 razporejen na zgornji nihalni osi 3a in nadaljnji preusmerni kolut 12 na spodnji nihalni osi 3b. Ker se razmika nihalnih osi 3a in 3b pri višinski prestavitvi dela 4 ne menjata, pri tovrstnem spreminjanju višine ne pride do škodljivega vpliva na gibki vlečni element 9.In the first embodiment, according to the drawings of FIG. 1a and 1b, between the drawbar 1 and the height-adjustable section 4 of the drawbar 1, the spaced attachment portion 3 is arranged rotatably about two swing axes 3a and 3b on the drawbar 1 or 1. on the height adjustable part 4. In order to avoid changing the length of the flexible traction element 9 in the height shifting part 4, the diversion reel 10 is arranged on the upper oscillating axis 3a and the further diversion reel 12 on the lower oscillating axis 3b. Since the spacing of the oscillating axes 3a and 3b do not change with the height shift of part 4, such a change in height does not adversely affect the flexible traction element 9.

Pri drugem izvedbenem primeru po skicah sl. 2a in 2b vezni del 3 sestoji iz dveh v preseku kot U zasnovanih palic, ki sta razporejeni z drugi k drugima obrnjenimi stojinami. Palica 3d je s pomočjo že omenjenih nihalnih osi 3a in 3b vsakokrat preko vmesnega člena 13a oz. 13b zgibno priključena nihalno na vlečnem ojesu 1 oz. na po višini prestavljivem delu 4. Palica 3c, ki s to palico 3d tvori paralelogram, je preko nihalnih osi 3e in 3f povezana z vmesnima členoma 13a oz. 13b. Pri prestavljanju po višini dela 4 se torej izvaja vzporedno vihtenje palic 3c in 3d. Vsakokrat izbrana višinska lega se da aretirati s pomočjo zapahnilnega dela 14, ki denimo po načinu vtičnega sornika uprijema v izbrano luknjo v nizu lukenj, ki je narejen naprimer v znotraj ležečih stojinah ene od palic, stojini druge palice pa sta opremljeni s sprejemno luknjo za vtični sornik zapahnilnega dela 14.In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the connecting portion 3 consists of two cross-sectioned U-shaped bars arranged with the other facing webs. With the aid of the aforementioned oscillating axes 3a and 3b, the rod 3d is each via the intermediate member 13a or. 13b articulatedly connected pivotally to the drawbar 1 or the drawbar. height-adjustable part 4. Rod 3c, which forms a parallelogram with this rod 3d, is connected to the intermediate members 13a and 3f through the oscillating axes 3e and 3f, respectively. 13b. When shifting the height of part 4, therefore, the bars 3c and 3d are rotated in parallel. The selected height position can be arrested by means of a locking part 14, which, for example, by means of a plug-in bolt, rests on the selected hole in a series of holes made, for example, in the inner racks of one of the bars, and the racks of the other rod are provided with a receiving hole for the plug locking bolt 14.

Tudi pri drugem izvedbenem primeru po skicah sl. 2a in 2b je na nihalni osi 3a vrtljivo uležiščen dodatni preusmerni kolut 12, preko katerega je voden gibki vlečni element 9. Ta gibki vlečni element 9 je lahko vrv, veriga, jermen ali kovinski trak ali trak iz umetne snovi, ki ima samo majhne dimenzije preseka, saj se mu nalaga le prenos nateznih sil.In another embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b a pivotably mounted additional divert roll 12 is mounted on the oscillating axis 3a through which a flexible traction element 9 is guided. This flexible traction element 9 may be a rope, chain, belt or metal or plastic tape having only small dimensions. cross section, since it only requires the transfer of tensile forces.

Claims

Patent claims

1. A towing device for trailers with an overrunning braking device which, on a relative displacement between the towing rod associated with the coupling of the towing vehicle and the towing axle connected to the frame of the trailer, acts on the brake rod by means of a portable device, that the transmission is made of a flexible towing element (9) whose front end is connected to the towing rod (6) and whose rear end is connected to the brake rod (8) and which is guided through at least one diversion reel (11), the diversion point for the flexible traction element (9) lies in the direction of travel before attaching the front end of the traction element (9) to the traction mast (6).

Towing device according to claim 1, with a height-adjustable, colliding braking device for the pregnant part, which is connected to the drawbar by means of at least one connecting part with at least two oscillating axles, characterized in that on each oscillating axis (3a, 3b) ) a pivotably mounted reversing disc (11, 12) for the flexible traction element (9).

Traction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rear end of the flexible traction element (9) is connected to a diversion lever (10), which as such is pivotally mounted on the traction shaft (1) or the frame of the trailer (2). ) and connected to the brake rod (8).