SI9200330A

SI9200330A - Drive for opening and closing the discharges snaps with saddle-shaped bottom designed of self-discharging wagon

Info

Publication number: SI9200330A
Application number: SI19929200330A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Guenter Koehler; Helmut Munske; Paul-Werner Wagener
Original assignee: Abb Henschel Waggon Union Gmbh
Priority date: 1991-11-18
Filing date: 1992-11-18
Publication date: 1993-06-30
Also published as: BG97084A; ES2074798T3; SK340692A3; CZ281252B6; FI925187A; FI925187A0; EP0543279A1; HU210089B; DE59202237D1; CZ340692A3; BG60575B1; HRP921285A2; ATE122623T1; EP0543279B1; DE4137883A1; DK0543279T3; HRP921285B1; SK279125B6; HU9203597D0; HUT65270A

Abstract

Gear system for opening and closing the lateral discharge door (1) of a hopper wagon, it being possible to actuate the discharge door (1) by means of connecting rods (6) via levers (5) from an actuation shaft (4) mounted approximately in the longitudinal centre of the wagon. The objective of the invention consisted in constructing the gear system in such a way that a secure fit of the discharge door (1) in the region of its lower longitudinal side is ensured using simple means. This objective is achieved in that at least one locking bar (15) is displaceably arranged in the saddle-bottom (3) for each discharge door (1), which locking bar (15) engages, in the closed position of the discharge door (1), around a closing hook (17) on the lower longitudinal side of the discharge door (1). The locking bar (15) can be acted on by the actuation shaft (4) via levers and slide rods (7 to 14). <IMAGE>

Description

Prenosnik za odpiranje in zapiranje razkladalnih loput s sedlastim dnom zasnovanega samorazkladalnega vagonaLaptop for opening and closing unloading flaps with saddle bottom designed self-loading wagon

Izum se nanaša na prenosnik za odpiranje in zapiranje stranske, vsakokrat v vodoravni gredi viseče in okoli te zavihtljive razkladalne lopute s sedlastim dnom zasnovanega samorazkladalnega vagona, pri čemer se da razkladalno loputo s pomočjo na njenih vzdolžnih konceh zgibno priključenih, v zapornem položaju v legi čez mrtvo točko stoječih krmilnih drogov preko vzvodov upravljati od v bistvu v vzdolžni sredini vagona uležajene upravljalne gredi.The invention relates to a gearbox for opening and closing sideways, in each case suspended in a horizontal shaft, and around this swivel unloading flap with a saddle-bottom of a self-loading wagon, whereby the unscrewing flap can be pivotally connected with its longitudinal ends in a locked position in position across dead end of standing control rods via levers to be operated from essentially in the longitudinal center of the wagon of the control shaft.

Prenosniki zgoraj omenjene vrste so opisani npr. v spisu DE-OS 33 07 686. Pri s temi prenosniki upravljanih razkladalnih loputah za s sedlastim dnom zasnovane samorazkladalne vagone je v razkladalni loputi na njenem spodnjem koncu bodisi predviden upogibno in proti zvijanju tog vzdolžen nosilec ali je spodnji vzdolžni nosilec razkladalne lopute opremljen s štrlitvijo k sedlastemu dnu, da se zagotovi zatesnitev razkladalne lopute proti sedlastemu dnu.Notebooks of the type mentioned above are described e.g. DE-OS 33 07 686. With these luggage-operated unloading flaps for the saddle-bottom-designed self-unloading wagons, either a bent and anti-twisting rigid longitudinal support is provided in the unloading flap at its lower end or the lower longitudinal unloading flap carrier is provided with a projection to the saddle bottom to ensure that the unloading flap is sealed against the saddle bottom.

Pri dandanes običajnih velikih dolžinah razkladalnih loput za s sedlastim dnom zasnovane samorazkladalnike pa v osrednjem območju razkladalnih loput pride do tako velike elastične deformacije zaradi nalegajočega naloženega materiala, da se da funkcijsko pravilno zatesnitev razkladalne lopute proti sedlastemu dnu zagotoviti le s pomočjo dodatne ureditve zamotanih tesnilnih elementov.Today, with the usual large lengths of the unloading flaps for the saddle-bottom-designed self-loaders, the central area of the unloading flaps results in such a large elastic deformation due to the unladen loaded material that the functionally correct sealing of the unloading flap against the saddle bottom is only ensured by the additional arrangement of the wrapped sealing elements .

Znani so tudi že prenosniki za odpiranje in zapiranje razkladalnih loput za s sedlastim dnom zasnovane samorazkladalne vagone, pri katerih je razkladalna loputa preko vzvodov in pomožnih drogov prenosniško povezana z na spodnjem koncu sedlastega dna uležajeno palčno gredjo, ki je kot taka gnana od v bistvu v vzdolžni sredini vagona potekajoče upravljalne gredi, pri čemer palčna gred nosi palce, ki v zapornem položaju razkladalne lopute zaobsegajo spodnjo vzdolžno stran razkladalne lopute in razkladalno loputo pritiskajo v zaporni položaj proti sedlastemu dnu. Tovrsten prenosnik je opisan npr. v spisu DE-PS 27 16 294. Pri tem upravljalna gred preko v dvojicah razporejenih in v legi čez mrtvo točko zavihtljivih krmilnih drogov deluje na vrtilnofiksno s palčno gredjo povezan vzvod in palčno gred hkrati s krmilnimi drogovi zavihti v zaporni položaj oz. odprti položaj razkladalne lopute. Pomanjkljivo pri ureditvi palčnih gredi s palci za potrebe zatesnitve spodnje vzdolžne strani razkladalne lopute proti sedlastemu dnu je potrebna zamotana nastavitev vsakega posameznega palca, da se zagotovi enakomerno pritisnjenje razkladalne lopute. Nadalje je pomanjkljivo, da vsak palec pri operaciji zapiranja izvaja določeno drsno pot na spodnjem koncu razkladalne lopute, tako da se že pri minimalno deformiranih razkladalnih loputah ovira zanesljiva operacija zapiranja.Also known are laptops for opening and closing unloading flaps for saddle-bottom-designed self-unloading wagons, in which the unloading flap is leverly connected via a lever and auxiliary poles to a thumb-driven shaft at the lower end of the saddle bottom, which as such is driven substantially in longitudinal center of the wagon of the running control shaft, the thumb shaft carrying thumbs which, in the closing position of the unloading flap, extend over the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap and press the unloading flap into the locking position against the saddle bottom. Such a laptop is described e.g. DE-PS 27 16 294. In this case, the control shaft acts on the pivotally fixed lever connected by a pivot shaft connected to the pivot shaft and rotates the thumb shaft simultaneously with the control rods in the locking position or in two positions arranged in position and across the blind spot. open position of unloading flap. The disadvantage of adjusting the thumb shafts with the thumbs for the purpose of sealing the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap towards the saddle bottom is the need for a tucked-in adjustment of each individual thumb to ensure that the unloading flap is pressed evenly. Furthermore, it is disadvantageous that each thumb performs a sliding path at the lower end of the unloading flap during the closing operation, so that even with minimally deformed unloading flaps, a reliable closing operation is hampered.

Naloga predloženega izuma je obstajala v tem, da se prenosnik uvodoma opredeljene vrste tako zasnuje, da je zanesljivo naleganje razkladalne lopute v območju njene spodnje vzdolžne strani zagotovljeno z enostavnimi sredstvi tudi pri rahlo deformiranih razkladalnih loputah, da se da prenosnik izdelati gospodarno in montirati z enostavnimi sredstvi in da se izognemo zamotanim prilagojevalnim delom pri montaži.The object of the present invention was to provide a laptop of the predetermined type in such a way that reliable unloading of the unloading flap in the area of its lower longitudinal side is ensured by simple means, even with slightly deformed unloading flaps, so that the laptop can be manufactured economically and mounted with simple means and to avoid complicated adjusting work during assembly.

Po izumu se ta naloga pri prenosniku uvodoma omenjene vrste reši s tem, da je v sedlastem dnu za vsako razkladalno loputo premično razporejen vsaj en zapašni (zapah) drog, ki v zapornem položaju razkladalne lopute zaobsega zaporno kljuko na spodnji vzdolžni strani razkladalne lopute. Pri tem je zapašni drog razporejen prečno na vzdolžno os vagona uležajeno v bistvu v nagibu sedlastega dna pod sedlastim dnom. Vsak zapašni drog se da preko vzvodov in potisnih drogov obremenjevati od upravljalne gredi. Z zapašnimi drogovi in zapornimi kljukami se na enostaven način zagotovi dodatno varovanje za razkladalno loputo v zapornem položaju. Zapašne drogove, razporejene v nagibu sedlastega dna pod sedlastim dnom, obremenjuje na enostaven način preko vzvodov in potisnih drogov upravljalna gred, tako da je hkrati pri upravljanju krmilnih drogov dodatna naprava, ki jo tvorijo zapašni drogovi in zaklepalne kljuke, prevozna v njen vsakokratni odprti ali zaporni položaj.According to the invention, this task is solved with a laptop of the aforementioned type by placing at least one latch (latch) in the saddle bottom for each unloading flap, which in the closing position of the unloading flap encloses a locking hook on the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap. In this case, the webbing is arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the wagon, substantially in the inclination of the saddle bottom below the saddle bottom. Each latching rod can be loaded from the control shaft via levers and thrust rods. With latching bars and locking hooks, additional protection for the unloading flap in the locking position is easily provided. The latching poles arranged in the saddle-bottom slope below the saddle-bottom load the control shaft in a simple manner through the levers and thrust rods, so that, at the same time, in the control of the steering poles, an additional device formed by the latching poles and locking hooks is transported into its respective openings, or locking position.

Prednostno so zapašni drogovi razkladalnih loput obeh vzdolžnih strani vagona razporejeni drug nasproti drugemu in se jih da ob dejstvu, da so povezani preko vzvodov in potisnih drogov, upravljati tako, da enako tečejo. S pomočjo take ureditve zapaŠnih drogov se oprema za njihov pogon preko vzvodov in potisnih drogov omeji na minimum.Preferably, the lugs of the unloading flaps of the two longitudinal sides of the wagon are arranged opposite each other and can be operated in the same way that they are connected via levers and thrust rods. With the help of such arrangement of the poles, the equipment for their propulsion via levers and thrust rods is kept to a minimum.

Za brezprerivalno odpiranje in zapiranje razkladalne lopute potrebni predtek zapašnega droga pri odpiranju in potrebni dodatni tek zapašnega droga pri zapiranju razkladalne lopute je nastavljiv s pomočjo poti krmilnih drogov čez mrtvo točko. S pomočjo nastavljivega predteka oz. dodatnega teka zapašnega droga se izognemo prerivanju razkladalne lopute ali prenosnika. Povezava (vzvod, potisni drog) med zapašnim drogom in upravljalno gredjo stoji v zapornem položaju zapašnega droga v položaju čez mrtvo lego. En vzvod povezave med zapašnim drogom in upravljalno gredjo nalega v zapornem položaju zapašnega droga na naslon. S pomočjo tega položaja čez mrtvo točko vzvodov in potisnih drogov povezave med zapašnim drogom in upravljalno gredjo se izognemo obremenjevanju upravljalne gredi po naloženem materialu, nalegajočem na razkladalno loputo.For uninterrupted opening and closing of the unloading flap, the required precursor of the latching rod at opening and the required additional running of the latching rod when closing the unloading flap is adjustable by means of the control rod paths across the blind spot. With the help of adjustable precursor or. to avoid running over the unloading flap or the gearbox. The link (lever, push rod) between the latch and the control shaft is in the latch position of the latch in the deadlock position. One link lever between the latch and the control shaft rests in the latch position of the latch on the backrest. By means of this position across the dead point of the levers and the thrust rods of the connection between the latch and the control shaft, the control shaft is not overloaded by the loaded material resting on the unloading flap.

Podrobnosti izuma so obrazložene v načrtu na osnovi izvedbenega primera.The details of the invention are explained in the plan on the basis of an embodiment.

Pri tem kažejo sl. 1 s sedlastim dnom zasnovan samorazkladalen vagon s prenosnikom po izumu v pogledu s strani, sl. 2 s sedlastim dnom zasnovani samorazkladalni vagon po sl. 1 v pogledu od spredaj, sl. 3 prerez po črti III-ΠΙ s sl. 1, sl. 4 prerez kot na sl. 3 z delno odprtima razkladalnima loputama.Herein, FIG. Fig. 1 shows a side-view self-unloading wagon with a laptop according to the invention in a side view; 2 shows a saddle-bottomed self-loading wagon according to FIG. 1 in the front view; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-ΠΙ of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a cross-section as in FIG. 3 with partially open unloading flaps.

S sedlastim dnom zasnovan samorazkladalen vagon ima na vsaki vzdolžni strani vagona razkladalne lopute 1, ki zavihtljivo visijo na vodoravni gredi 2 na vzdolžnih straneh samorazkladalnega vagona. Vsaka razkladalna loputa 1 s svojo spodnjo vzdolžno stranico tesno nalega na spodnji konec sedlastega dna 3 samorazkladalnega vagona. V vzdolžni srednji ravnini samorazkladalnega vagona je vrtljivo uležajena upravljalna gred 4, ki je mehansko ali hidravlično vrtljiva. Upravljalna gred 4 preko vzvodov 5 deluje na krmilne drogove 6, ki so zgibno uležiščeni ob straneh na razkladalnih loputah 1. V zapornem položaju razkladalnih loput 1 se vzvodi 5 in krmilni drogovi 6 glede na upravljalno gred 4 nahajajo v položaju čez mrtvo lego, tako da na razkladalne lopute 1 nalegajoč naloženi material upravljalno drogovje obremenjuje v smeri zapiranja. Upravljalna gred 4 ima nadalje za vsako dvojico razkladalnih loput 1 vsaj en vrtilnofiksno razporejen vzvod 7, ki obremenjuje na svojem prostem koncu zgibno priključen potisni drog 8. Potisni drog 8 je s svojim drugim koncem zgibno pritrjen na dvokrakem vzvodu 9, ki je v sedlastem dnu 3 uležiščen vrtljivo okoli v vzdolžni smeri vagona razporejene osi 10. Na svojem drugem kraku dvokraki vzvod 9 zgibno nosi sprego 11, ki je spet zgibno pritrjena na enem kraku drugega dvokrakega vzvoda 12. Ta drugi dvokraki vzvod 12 je prav tako uležiščen vrtljivo okoli v vzdolžni smeri vagona razporejene osi 13 v sedlastem dnu 3. Na svojem drugem koncu dvokraki vzvod 12 zgibno nosi potisni drog 14, ki je s svojim drugim koncem zgibno pritrjen na zapašnem drogu 15. Zapašni drog 15 je vzdolžno pomično uležiščen pod sedlastim dnom 3 v prečni smeri vagona v bistvu v nagibu sedlastega dna 3. Na svojem prostem koncu ima zapašni drog 15 uho 16, ki v zapornem položaju razkladalnih loput 1 oklepa zaporno kljuko 17 na spodnji vzdolžni strani razkladalne lopute 1. Na osi 13 dvokrakega vzvoda 12 je vrtilnofiksno z dvokrakim vzvodom 12 nadalje razporejen vzvod 18. Vzvod 18 na svojem prostem koncu zgibno nosi potisni drog 19, ki zgibno deluje na vzvodni krak tretjega dvokrakega vzvoda 20, ki je uležiščen prav tako v spodnjem okviru 3 vrtljivo okoli v vzdolžni smeri vagona razporejene osi 21. Drugi krak dvokrakega vzvoda 20 deluje spet zgibno na potisni drog 14, ki je s svojim drugim koncem zgibno pritrjen na drugem zapašnem drogu 15. Ta drugi zapašni drog 15 deluje spet preko svojega ušesa 16 na zaporno kljuko 17 na spodnji vzdolžni stranici pripadajoče razkladalne lopute 1.The saddle-bottom-designed self-unloading wagon has unloading flaps 1 on each longitudinal side of the wagon, which pivotably hang on the horizontal shaft 2 on the longitudinal sides of the self-unloading wagon. Each unloading flap 1, with its lower longitudinal side, rests tightly on the lower end of the saddle bottom 3 of the self-unloading wagon. In the longitudinal median plane of the self-loading wagon, there is a pivotably mounted control shaft 4 which is mechanically or hydraulically rotatable. The control shaft 4 acts on the control rods 6 through the levers 5, which are articulated on the sides of the unloading flaps 1. In the locking position of the unloading flaps 1, the levers 5 and the control rods 6 are in position over the dead position with respect to the control shaft 4. to the unloading flaps 1 the load-bearing bar loads the control rod in the direction of closure. The control shaft 4 further comprises for each pair of unloading flaps 1 at least one pivotally fixed lever 7 which loads a pivotally connected thrust rod 8 at its free end. The thrust rod 8 is pivotally secured at its other end to a two-pointed lever 9 which is in the saddle bottom. 3 is pivotally pivoted about 10 in the longitudinal direction of the wagon 10. On its second arm, the two-arm lever 9 articulately bears a bar 11, which is again articulated on one arm of the other two-arm lever 12. This second two-arm lever 12 is also pivotally pivoted about in the longitudinal direction. of the wagon of the spaced axis 13 in the saddle bottom 3. At its other end, the two-arm lever 12 articulately bears a thrust rod 14 which is articulated with its other end on the snap rod 15. The snap rod 15 is longitudinally movable under the saddle bottom 3 in the transverse direction. the wagon is essentially in the slope of the saddle bottom 3. At its free end, the latch 15 has an ear 16 which, in the closing position of the unloading flaps 1 and the locking hook 17 on the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap 1. On the axis 13 of the double lever 12, the lever 18 is further pivotally fixed with the two-lever 12. 20, which is also mounted in the lower frame 3 rotatably around the longitudinal direction of the wagon of the spaced axle 21. The second arm of the two-arm lever 20 acts again articulately on the thrust rod 14, which is articulated with its other end on the second bar. the latch 15 acts again through its ear 16 to the locking hook 17 on the lower longitudinal side of the associated unloading flap 1.

Obe druga nasproti drugi ležeči razkladalni loputi 1 na vzdolžnih straneh s sedlastim dnom zasnovanega samorazkladalnega vagona se potemtakem hkrati premakneta pri zavrtitvi upravljalne gredi 4 preko krmilnih drogov 6 za potrebe odpiranja oz. zapiranja. Hkrati se pri zavrtitvi upravljalne gredi 4 vsak zapašni drog 15 od druge nasproti drugi ležečih razkladalnih loput 1 premakne v odprti oz. zaporni položaj.The two opposite the other unloading flaps 1 on the longitudinal sides of the saddle bottom of the designed self-loading wagon are thus simultaneously moved when the control shaft 4 is rotated through the control rods 6 for the purpose of opening or opening. closing. At the same time, when the control shaft 4 is rotated, each latch 15 moves from the other to the other of the unloading flaps 1 open or open. locking position.

Zgibna povezava sprege 11 z dvokrakima vzvodoma 9 in 12 je tako izbrana, da pri razkladalni loputi 1, nahajajoči se v zapornem položaju in obremenjeni z naloženim materialom, in pri vleku na zapašni drog 15, ki iz tega sledi, nastane moment, ki dvokraki vzvod 9 zavihti v smeri zapiranja. Za omejitev nihajne poti dvokrakega vzvoda 9 je predviden naslon 24, ki razbremenjuje upravljalno gred 4 in njen pogon.The articulation of the link 11 to the double levers 9 and 12 is so selected that the unloading flap 1 being in the locking position and laden with the loaded material, and the traction link 15 thereafter, produces a two-lever torque 9 turn in the closing direction. In order to limit the swing path of the double lever 9, a backrest 24 is provided which relieves the control shaft 4 and its drive.

Zasnova ušesa 16 na prostem koncu zapašnega droga 15 in zasnova zaklepalne kljuke 17 na spodnji vzdolžni stranici razkladalne lopute 1 je za izum bistvena. V poštev pa tudi pride razporeditev zapašne kljuke na prostem koncu zapašnega droga 15 in ušesa na spodnji vzdolžni stranici razkladalne lopute 1.The design of the ear 16 at the free end of the latch 15 and the design of the locking hook 17 on the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap 1 are essential to the invention. It is also appropriate to arrange the latch hook at the free end of the latch 15 and the lug on the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap 1.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

1. An opening and closing gear for the side, in each case suspended in the waterline shaft, and around this swivel unloading flap with the saddle bottom of the designed self-unloading wagon, the unloading flap being influenced by means of its longitudinally connected ends, in a locked position in a dead-over position a point of standing control rods via levers and thrust rods, substantially in the longitudinal middle of the wagon of the control shaft, characterized in that at least one locking bar (15) is movable in the saddle bottom (3) for each unloading flap (1) ) which in the lock position of the unloading flap (1) encloses the locking hook (17) on the lower longitudinal side of the unloading flap (1).

2. The laptop according to claim 1, characterized in that the latch (15) is arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the wagon, substantially in the inclination of the saddle bottom (3) below the saddle bottom (3).

Laptop according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the latching rod (15) is loadable from the control shaft (4) through the levers and thrust rods (7 to 14).

Carrier according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the latching bars (15) of the unloading flaps (1) of the two longitudinal sides of the wagon are arranged opposite each other and can be mounted by being connected via levers and thrust rods ( 18 to 20), load so that they flow equally.

Laptop according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the continuous opening and closing of the unloading flaps (1) requires the precursor of the latching rod (15) when opening and the additional running of the latching rod (15) in closing the unloading flaps (1). adjustable by means of the control rod path (6) over the dead point.

The laptop according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connection (lever, push rod 9, 11, 12) between the latch (15) and the control shaft (4) is in the latch position of the latch (15) beyond the blind spot.

Laptop according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one linkage lever between the latch (15) and the control shaft (4) rests on the support (24) in the latch position of the latch (15).