SI21465A - Friction material and procedure for manufacturing such a material as well as break pads, particularly break pads and procedure for their manufacture - Google Patents
Friction material and procedure for manufacturing such a material as well as break pads, particularly break pads and procedure for their manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- SI21465A SI21465A SI200400034A SI200400034A SI21465A SI 21465 A SI21465 A SI 21465A SI 200400034 A SI200400034 A SI 200400034A SI 200400034 A SI200400034 A SI 200400034A SI 21465 A SI21465 A SI 21465A
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012256 powdered iron Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- LJAOOBNHPFKCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] LJAOOBNHPFKCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 tungsten carbides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=S PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
- F16D69/028—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides containing fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Torni material in postopek izdelave tovrstnega materiala ter zavorna obloga, zlasti zavorna ploščica, in postopek izdelave le-teThe friction material and the process of making such material and the brake pad, in particular the brake pad, and the manufacturing process thereof
Izum spada na področje kemije, in sicer k materialom za posebne namene, namreč na področje proti obrabi odpornih tornih materialov. Po drugi strani je mogoče izum v okviru strojništva uvrstiti tudi na področje zavor in sklopk, še zlasti zavornih oblog, npr. zavornih ploščic. Še nadalje je tovrsten izum lahko uvrščen tudi na področje obdelave in predelave praškastih snovi, namreč izdelave predmetov ali polizdelkov s pomočjo sintranja.The invention relates to the field of chemistry, namely to special-purpose materials, namely to the field of wear-resistant friction materials. On the other hand, the invention in the field of mechanical engineering can also be classified in the field of brakes and clutches, especially brake lining, e.g. brake pads. Furthermore, such an invention can also be classified in the field of processing and processing of powdered substances, namely the manufacture of objects or semi-finished products by means of sintering.
Pričujoči izum se v prvi vrsti ukvaija s sintranimi tornimi materiali za izdelavo zavornih elementov kot so npr. zavorne ploščice za avtomobile in motocikle, delovne stroje in naprave. Zaradi vedno višjih zahtev glede tornih karakteristik zavornih ploščic v sodobnih zavornih sistemih, izpostavljenosti le-teh vedno višjim temperaturam pri zaviranju, vse večjih zahtev po vse nižji obrabi se zahvaljujoč tudi novim razpoložljivim materialom za izdelavo zavornih diskov v zadnjem času pri izdelavi zavornih oblog in še zlasti zavornih ploščic spet uveljavljajo sintrani zavorni materiali. Najnovejši razpoložljivi materiali za zavorne diske kot npr. kompozitni materiali na osnovi aluminija z dodatki keramičnih prahov (tkzv. Al-MMC materiali), kompozitni materiali na osnovi C/C kompozita s keramičnimi prevlekami na osnovi SiC in kompozitni materiali na osnovi C/SiC pa zaradi svoje specifičnosti in drugačnosti od klasičnih materialov za izdelavo diskov kot sta siva litina in jeklena litina narekujejo potrebo po razvoju primernih novih tornih materialov za izdelavo zavornih ploščic. Doslej namreč ni bil na voljo material, ki bi bil primeren za uporabo pri zavornem elementu, npr. zavorni ploščici, prednostno zavorni oblogi diskaste zavore, ki bi se odlikoval z nizko obrabo in visokim tornim koeficientom pri visokih temperaturah (nad 650°C) ter obremenitvah pri visokih drsnih hitrostnih, kar predstavlja parametre regularne uporabe pri diskasti zavori npr. sodobnega motocikla ali drugega motornega vozila.The present invention is primarily concerned with sintered friction materials for the manufacture of brake elements such as e.g. brake pads for cars and motorcycles, work machines and appliances. Due to the increasing demands on the friction characteristics of the brake pads in modern braking systems, their exposure to ever higher braking temperatures, the increasing demands for lower wear and tear, thanks to new available brake disc materials in recent times in the manufacture of brake lining and more in particular, the brake pads are re-enforced by sintered brake materials. The latest available brake disc materials such as Aluminum-based composite materials with ceramic powder additives (so-called Al-MMC materials), C / C-based composite materials with SiC-based ceramic coatings, and C / SiC-based composite materials due to their specificity and different from classic materials for the production of discs such as gray cast iron and steel castings dictate the need to develop suitable new friction materials for the manufacture of brake pads. Until now, no material was available that would be suitable for use with a brake element, e.g. brake pads, preferably disc brake pads, characterized by low wear and high friction coefficient at high temperatures (above 650 ° C) and loads at high sliding speeds, which represents the parameters of regular use in disc braking, e.g. modern motorcycle or other motor vehicle.
Zato je izum osnovan na problemu, kako ustvariti sintran torni material, ki se bo odlikoval po visokem tornem koefientu, ki naj bi bil vsaj v območju regularne uporabe neodvisen od temperature, hitrosti in tlaka zaviranja.Therefore, the invention is based on the problem of how to create a sintering friction material that will be distinguished by its high friction coefficient, which should at least in the area of regular use be independent of temperature, speed and braking pressure.
Znano je, da za izdelavo tornih oblog, namreč zavornih ploščic za avtomobile, delovne stroje ter zavornih elementov za sklopke uporabljajo tudi sintrane torne materiale, ki so se uveljavili tudi na področju motociklizma. Sintrani torni materiali imajo za osnovo kovinsko matrico, ki jo sestavljajo sintrani praški bakra in/ali medenine, lahko je sestavljena iz kombinacije prašnatega železa in bakra paje osnova pretežno železni prah. Poleg kovinskega dela sintrani torni materiali vsebujejo še dodatke modifikatoijev frikcije, npr. abrazivna sredstva, kovinske sulfide ali koks v prahu, kot tudi maziva kot npr. grafit.It is known that for the manufacture of friction linings, namely brake pads for cars, work machines and brake elements for clutches, they also use sintered friction materials, which have become well established in the field of motorcycling. Sintered friction materials are based on a metal matrix made up of sintered copper and / or brass powders, which may consist of a combination of powdered iron and copper, mainly based on iron powder. In addition to the metal part, sintered friction materials also contain friction modifiator accessories, e.g. abrasives, metal sulfides or coke powder as well as lubricants such as e.g. graphite.
V splošnem so sintrani torni materiali sestavljeni iz:Generally sintered friction materials are composed of:
1. praškastih kovin (npr. bakra, medenine, brona, železa),1. powdered metals (eg copper, brass, bronze, iron),
2. modifikatorjev frikcije (npr. glinice, silicijevega karbida, silicijevega nitrida, borovega karbida, borovega nitrida, kromovega oksida, kremena, kovinskih sulfidov) in2. friction modifiers (eg alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, boron nitride, chromium oxide, quartz, metal sulphides), and
3. maziv (npr. grafita, molibdenovega sulfida, kalcijevega fluorida, kriolita). Upoštevajoč pričakovane lastnosti vsakokratnega tornega materiala takorekoč vsi sintrani torni materiali vsebujejo komponente, razvrščene v prej navedene skupine.3. Lubricant (eg graphite, molybdenum sulfide, calcium fluoride, cryolite). Considering the expected properties of the friction material in question, all sintered friction materials contain components classified into the groups mentioned above.
Osnovna razmeija v sestavah sintranih tornih materialov so naslednja (v masnih %): 70-80 % kovinskih komponent,The basic differences in the composition of sintered friction materials are as follows (in mass%): 70-80% metal components,
10-20 % modifikatojev frikcije,10-20% of the friction modifier,
5-15 % maziv.5-15% lubricant.
V skladu z US 3,731,776 je predvideno dodajanje kovinskih boridov, kar ima za posledico znižanje obrabe sintranih tornih materialov na osnovi železa, grafita, molibdenovega sulfida, silicijevega nitrida in ferovolframa. Izmeijene vrednosti tornega koeficienta so v povprečju 0,30 - 0,35, kar je bistveno manj, kot se zahteva pri sodobnih tornih materialih.Addition of metallic borides is envisaged in accordance with U.S. Pat. No. 3,731,776, resulting in a reduction in the wear of sintered friction materials based on iron, graphite, molybdenum sulfide, silicon nitride, and ferrovolfram. The modified values of the friction coefficient are on average 0.30 - 0.35, which is significantly less than is required for modern friction materials.
Sintrani torni materiali so opisani tudi v US 3,703,224 in US 3,449774, pri čemer gre za sinergijo vplivov grafita in silicijevega nitrida na torne karakteristike materiala na osnovi železa (85%). Dobljeni torni koeficienti znašajo vsega 0,26 do 0,19 in torej spet bistveno manj, kot se zahteva pri sodobnih tornih materialih.Sintered friction materials are also described in US 3,703,224 and US 3,449774, which is a synergy of the effects of graphite and silicon nitride on the friction characteristics of an iron-based material (85%). The friction coefficients obtained are only 0.26 to 0.19, and thus again significantly less than is required with modern friction materials.
Nadalje so v US 3,191,278 obravnavani sintranih torni materiali na osnovi bakra z dodatki titana, železa, S1O2, molibdenovega sulfida, grafita in svinca. Tome karakteristike niso navedene. Omenjen je vpliv dodatkov (Ti) na samo sintranje in razen tega tudi na končne mehanske lastnosti sintrane obloge.Further, US 3,191,278 deals with copper-based sintered friction materials with the addition of titanium, iron, S1O2, molybdenum sulfide, graphite and lead. These characteristics are not listed. The effect of additives (Ti) on the sintering itself and on the final mechanical properties of the sintered liner is mentioned.
V knjigi Friction Materials (Recent Advances, Louis B. Newman, Noyes Data Corporation, 1987) je omenjeno več sestav sintranih tornih materialov na osnovi železa ter kombinacije bakra in železa. Sestave vsebujejo dodatke molibdenovega sulfida in grafita, kot abrazivni dodatek pa so predvideni SiO2, silicijev karbid in borov nitrid. Material je uporaben za zavorne ploščice in za obloge sklopk, torne lastnosti pa niso navedene.The book Friction Materials (Recent Advances, Louis B. Newman, Noyes Data Corporation, 1987) mentions several assemblies of sintered friction materials based on iron and a combination of copper and iron. The compositions contain molybdenum sulphide and graphite additives, while SiO 2 , silicon carbide and boron nitride are provided as the abrasive additive. The material is useful for brake pads and clutch linings, but friction properties are not specified.
Uporaba ogljikovih vlaken v kombinaciji s keramično ali stekleno matrico z manjšim dodatkom kovinskih vlaken je omenjena v US 4,019,912. Namen te rešitve je zagotoviti temperaturno obstojno zavorno oblogo, ki bo omogočala mehko in brezhrupno zaviranje ob kar najmanjši uporabi z zavorno oblogo sodelujočih površin, npr. zavornih diskov. Pri tej sestavi so uporabljena karbonska vlakna bistveno daljših dolžin (10 mm), todi njihov delež v sestavi je zelo visok (30-40%). V tem primeru gre za razmeroma dolga karbonska vlakna npr. iz proliziranih ogljikovodikov, katerih vpliv na torne lastnosti je drugačen od tistega, na katerem temelji pričujoči izum.The use of carbon fibers in combination with a ceramic or glass matrix with a minor addition of metallic fibers is mentioned in US 4,019,912. The purpose of this solution is to provide a temperature-resistant brake lining that will allow soft and noise-free braking with minimum use with the brake lining of the cooperating surfaces, e.g. brake discs. This composition uses carbon fibers of significantly longer lengths (10 mm), but their proportion is very high (30-40%). In this case, they are relatively long carbon fibers, e.g. from propelled hydrocarbons whose impact on friction properties is different from that on which the present invention is based.
Predmet predloženega izuma so sintrani torni materiali, ki imajo visok torni koefient neodvisen od temperature, hitrosti in tlaka zaviranja, kar omogoča njihovo uporabo za zavorne elemente npr. zavorne ploščice, prednostno diskaste zavorne obloge, ki se odlikujejo z nizko obrabo in visokim tornim koeficientom pri visokih temperaturah (nad 650°C) ter obremenitvah pri visokih drsnih hitrostnih.The subject of the present invention are sintered friction materials having a high friction coefficient independent of the temperature, speed and pressure of the braking, which makes it possible to apply them to the brake elements, e.g. brake pads, preferably disc brake pads, characterized by low wear and high friction coefficient at high temperatures (above 650 ° C) and loads at high sliding speeds.
Sintrani torni materiali v smislu izuma vsebujejo novo kombinacijo materialov, ki tvorijo osnovno kovinsko matrico na osnovi bakra, železa z dodatkom praškastega jekla, legiranega s karbidi volframa, vanadija in/ali kroma, nadalje z dodatkom abrazivnih sredstev, obstojnih v nevtralno/redukcijski atmosferi, kot tudi mehansko in temperaturno obstojnih karbonskih vlaken (dolžine 0,2-1,0 mm) v spodaj navedenih razmeijih. Osnovni kovinski matrici dodamo še dodatke za sintranje in modifikatorje frikcije, vse skupaj pa s sintranjem v zaščitni atmosferi povežemo v trden torni kompozit.The sintered friction materials of the invention comprise a new combination of materials that form a basic metal matrix based on copper, iron with the addition of powder steel alloyed with tungsten carbides, vanadium and / or chromium, further with the addition of abrasive agents resistant to a neutral / reducing atmosphere, as well as mechanically and temperature-resistant carbon fibers (0.2-1.0 mm long) in the ranges below. Sintering additives and friction modifiers are added to the basic metal matrix, all combined with sintering in a protective atmosphere to form a solid friction composite.
Predmet izuma je tudi sintran torni material, sestoječ (v masnih % glede na celokupno količino materiala) izThe object of the invention is also a sintered friction material consisting (by weight% by weight of the total amount of material) of
- 15 % modifikatorjev frikcije, npr. grafita, molibdenovega sulfida, kalcijevega fluorida;- 15% of friction modifiers, e.g. graphite, molybdenum sulfide, calcium fluoride;
- 10 % frikcijskih dodatkov, npr. abrazivnih sredstev, npr, silicijevega karbida, glinice, silicijevega nitrida,- 10% friction additives, e.g. abrasive agents, eg silicon carbide, alumina, silicon nitride,
30-45 % bakra v prahu in bakrenih ostružkov,30-45% of copper powder and copper shavings,
-25 % železa v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika med 0,02 in 0,05% ali z bakrom legiranega jekla v prahu,-25% powdered iron with a carbon content between 0.02 and 0.05% or with copper alloy powder,
- 20 % jekla v prahu, legiranega s karbidi W, V, Co in Cr,- 20% of steel powder alloyed with carbides W, V, Co and Cr,
- 5 % brona CuSnlO v prahu, kot tudi iz- 5% CuSnlO bronze powder as well as from
- 10 % karbonskih vlaken, zlasti vlaken dolžine 0,2 - 1,0 mm.- 10% carbon fiber, in particular 0.2 - 1.0 mm fibers.
Prednosten sintran torni material sestoji izThe preferred sintering friction material consists of
- 15 % modifikatoijev frikcije, npr. grafita, molibdenovega sulfida, kalcijevega fluorida;- 15% of friction modifiers, e.g. graphite, molybdenum sulfide, calcium fluoride;
-15 % frikcijskih dodatkov, npr. abrazivnih sredstev, npr. silicijevega karbida, glinice, silicijevega nitrida, aluminijevega nitrida,-15% friction accessories, e.g. abrasives, e.g. silicon carbide, alumina, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride,
- 45 % bakra v prahu in bakrenih ostružkov,- 45% of copper powder and copper shavings,
- 25 % železa v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika med 0,02 in 0,05% ali z bakrom legiranega jekla v prahu,- 25% of powdered iron with a carbon content of 0.02 to 0.05% or of copper alloy powder,
- 20 % jekla v prahu, legiranega s karbidi W, V, Co in Cr,- 20% of steel powder alloyed with carbides W, V, Co and Cr,
- 5 % brona CuSnlO v prahu, kot tudi iz- 5% CuSnlO bronze powder as well as from
- 10 % karbonskih vlaken, zlasti vlaken dolžine 0,2 - 1,0 mm.- 10% carbon fiber, in particular 0.2 - 1.0 mm fibers.
Nadaljnji možen sintran torni material sestoji iz (spet v masnih % glede na celokupno količino materiala):A further sintering friction material consists of (again, by weight, based on the total amount of material):
- 15 % grafita velikosti delcev 0,15-0,6 mm,- 15% graphite of particle size 0,15-0,6 mm,
- 5 % kalcijevega fluorida,- 5% calcium fluoride,
- 8 % silicijevega karbida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 25 pm,- 8% silicon carbide with an average particle size of 25 pm,
- 45 % bakra v prahu z velikostjo delcev, ki je manjša kot 0,075 mm,- 45% of powdered copper with a particle size of less than 0,075 mm,
5-8 % bakrenih ostružkov debeline 60 pm in dolžine 3 mm,5-8% copper shavings, 60 pm thick and 3 mm long,
18-22% železa v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika med 0,02 in 0,03% ter velikostjo delcev manj kot 0,15 mm, ali jekla (A) v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 0,02 - 0,03%, ter 5% bakra in velikostjo delcev, manjšo kot 0,15 mm, prednostno železa v prahu,18-22% of powdered iron with a carbon content between 0.02 and 0.03% and a particle size of less than 0.15 mm, or steel (A) with a carbon content of 0.02 - 0.03%, and 5 % copper and a particle size of less than 0,15 mm, preferably iron powder,
12-17% jekla (B) v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 1,2%, kroma 4%, molibdena 5%, vanadija 3%, volframa 6% in velikostjo delcev manj kot 0,15 mm,12-17% of steel (B) powder with a carbon content of 1,2%, chromium 4%, molybdenum 5%, vanadium 3%, tungsten 6% and a particle size less than 0,15 mm,
- 4 % brona CuSnlO v prahu z 90% delcev, manjših kot 0,25 mm, in 2 - 5 % karbonskih vlaken dolžine 0,2 -1,0 mm.- 4% CuSnlO powdered bronze with 90% particle size less than 0,25 mm and 2 - 5% carbon fibers 0,2-1,0 mm in length.
Vse sestavine so znane in komercialno dostopne.All ingredients are known and commercially available.
Najbolj prednosten sintran torni material sestoji iz (spet v masnih % glede na celokupno količino materiala):The most preferred sintering friction material consists of (again by weight% relative to the total amount of material):
- 15 % grafita velikosti delcev 0,15-0,6 mm,- 15% graphite of particle size 0,15-0,6 mm,
1-5 % kalcijevega fluorida,1-5% calcium fluoride,
- 8 % silicijevega karbida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 25 pm,- 8% silicon carbide with an average particle size of 25 pm,
1-5% aluminijevega nitrida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 45 pm,1-5% aluminum nitride with an average particle size of 45 pm,
- 45 % bakra v prahu z velikostjo delcev, ki je manjša kot 0,075 mm,- 45% of powdered copper with a particle size of less than 0,075 mm,
- 3 % bakrenih ostružkov debeline 60 pm in dolžine 3 mm,- 3% of copper shavings, 60 pm thick and 3 mm long,
18-22% železa v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika med 0,02 in 0,03% ter velikostjo delcev manj kot 0,15 mm, ali jekla (A) v prahu z vsebnostjo18-22% powdered iron with a carbon content between 0.02 and 0.03% and a particle size of less than 0.15 mm, or steel (A) with a powder content
-7ogljika 0,02 - 0,03%, ter 5% bakra in velikostjo delcev, manjšo kot 0,15 mm, prednostno železa v prahu,-7carbon 0.02 - 0.03%, and 5% copper and a particle size less than 0.15 mm, preferably iron powder,
10-15% jekla (B) v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 1,2%, kroma 4%, molibdena 5%, vanadija 3%, volframa 6% in velikostjo delcev manj kot 0,15 mm,10-15% steel (B) powder with a carbon content of 1.2%, chromium 4%, molybdenum 5%, vanadium 3%, tungsten 6% and a particle size less than 0.15 mm,
- 4 % brona CuSnlO v prahu z 90% delcev, manjših kot 0,25 mm, in4% of CuSn10 powder in bronze with 90% of particles smaller than 0,25 mm, and
- 5 % karbonskih vlaken dolžine 0,2 - 1,0 mm.- 5% carbon fiber 0.2 - 1.0 mm long.
Vse sestavine so znane in komercialno dostopne.All ingredients are known and commercially available.
Drugi predmet predloženega izuma je postopek priprave sintranega tornega materiala, ki poteka tako, da zgoraj navedene sestavine v smislu izuma za izdelavo tornega briketa, zmešamo v mešalniku za mešanju praškastih sestavin v suhem stanju. Čas mešanja je odvisen od enakomernosti razporeditve lahkih komponent v masi. Mešamo pač toliko časa, dokler ne dosežemo enakomerne razporeditve grafitnih delcev v masi, kar vizuelno ocenimo s pomočjo stereo-mikroskopa.Another object of the present invention is a process for the preparation of sintered friction material, which is carried out by mixing the above ingredients of the invention for the manufacture of a friction briquette in a blender for mixing powdered ingredients in a dry state. The mixing time depends on the uniform distribution of the light components in the mass. The mixture is stirred until a uniform distribution of graphite particles in the mass is achieved, which is visually assessed using a stereo microscope.
Nadaljnji predmet izuma so torni elementi, pripravljeni iz torne mase v smislu predloženega izuma in njihova uporaba pri visokih tornih obremenitvah na zavornih diskih iz sive litine, jeklene litine in diskih iz kompozitnih materialov na osnovi C/CSiC in C/SiC.A further object of the invention is friction elements made from the friction mass of the present invention and their use at high friction loads on gray cast iron, steel cast and C / CSiC and C / SiC based composite discs.
Iz torne mase, pripravljene na predhodno opisan način in po zgoraj opisanih razmetih posameznih sestavin, izdelamo torne elemente, zlasti zavorne obloge, še zlasti zavorne ploščice za sodelovanje z zavornim diskom oz. kolutov pri diskastih oz. kolutnih zavorah. Pri tem uporabimo postopek oblikovanja in sintranja mase v zavorno oblogo skupaj z nosilno ploščico. Postopek izdelave izdelave zavorne ploščice poteka v več zaporednih fazah, pri čemer seFrom the friction mass, prepared in the manner described above and according to the above described debris of the individual components, we produce friction elements, in particular the brake linings, in particular the brake discs for cooperation with the brake disk or. of discs or discs. disc brakes. The process of forming and sintering the mass into the brake lining together with the carrier plate is used. The process of making a brake pad is made in several successive stages, whereby
- v prvi fazi na nosilna podnožja iz jeklene pločevine galvansko nanese 10-15 pm debelo plast bakra,- in the first phase, a copper layer of 10-15 pm thick copper is applied to the steel base plates,
- zatem se izvrši korak stiskanja in oblikovanja mase na nosilna podnožja v posebnih orodjih pri specifičnem tlaku 350 do 450 Mpa,- thereafter, the step of compressing and molding the mass onto the load-bearing bases is carried out in special tools at a specific pressure of 350 to 450 Mpa,
- nato se zavorne ploščice s surovo naprešano torno oblogo zloži in stisne v posebej v ta namen pripravljenih jarmih iz ognjevarnega jekla in/ali inkonela ali grafita ter eno uro sintra v zaščitni atmosferi argona ali mešanici plinov argona, dušika in vodika ali endoplina pri temperaturah od 900 do 1200°C,- then the brake pads with the crude stressed friction liner are folded and compressed into specially prepared yokes of refractory steel and / or inconel or graphite and sintered for one hour in a protective atmosphere of argon or a mixture of argon, nitrogen and hydrogen or endopine gases at temperatures of 900 to 1200 ° C,
- nakar se sintrane ploščice dokončno oblikuje z dodatnimi operacijami brušenja, barvanja in končne montaže.- The sintered tiles are then completely finished with additional grinding, painting and finishing operations.
Tako izdelane zavorne ploščice so pripravljene za testiranje oz. za vgradnjo v vsakokraten zavorni sklop.The brake pads made in this way are ready for testing. for installation in the respective brake assembly.
V nadaljevanju bo izum brez vsakršnih omejitev glede obsega patentnega varstva Še dodatno pojasnjen še z nekaterimi konkretnimi primeri izvedbe.In the following, the invention will be further explained without any limitation on the scope of patent protection by some specific embodiments.
Primer 1:Example 1:
V laboratorijskem, tkzv. V-tip mešalcu zmešamo 45 g grafita z velikosljo delcev 0,15 - 0,6 mm, 12 g silicijevega karbida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 25 pm, 129 g bakra v prahu z velikostjo delcev pod 0,075 mm, 60 g železa v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 0,02 - 0,03% in velikostjo delcev pod 0,15 mm, 45 g jekla (B) v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 1,2%, kroma 4%, molibdena 5%, vanadija 3%, volframa 6% in velikostjo delcev pod 0,15 mm, 9 g brona CuSnlO v prahu z 90% delcev velikosti pod 0,25 mm in 6 g karbonskih vlaken dolžine 0,2 - 1,0 mm. Iz tako pripravljene mešanice so bile po predhodno opisanem postopku izdelane zavorne ploščice, predvidene za sodelovanje z diski kolutnih zavor na zadnjem kolesu motocikla, katerih velikost je znašala 40 x 40 mm, torna površina pa 10,2 cm2.In the laboratory, the so-called. V-type mixer mixes 45 g of graphite with a particle size of 0.15 - 0.6 mm, 12 g of silicon carbide with an average particle size of 25 pm, 129 g of powdered copper with a particle size below 0.075 mm, 60 g of powdered iron with a content carbon 0.02-0.03% and particle size below 0.15 mm, 45 g of steel (B) powder with a carbon content of 1.2%, chromium 4%, molybdenum 5%, vanadium 3%, tungsten 6% and particle sizes below 0,15 mm, 9 g of CuSnlO powdered bronze with 90% of particles below 0.25 mm and 6 g of carbon fibers 0,2 - 1,0 mm in length. From the mixture thus prepared, the brake pads, designed to engage with the disc brakes on the rear wheel of the motorcycle, the size of which was 40 x 40 mm and the friction surface were 10.2 cm 2 , were made according to the procedure described above.
Frikcijske lastnosti sintranih zavorni ploščic izdelanih iz torne mase v smislu izuma testiramo na avtomatskem stroju za testiranje zavornih oblog tip Krauss RWS 75B po lastnih programih preskušanja. Rezultati meritev so podani v tabeli 1 in tabeli 2.The friction properties of sintered brake pads made of friction mass according to the invention are tested on an automatic brake pad testing machine type Krauss RWS 75B according to our own testing programs. The results of the measurements are given in Table 1 and Table 2.
Primer 2:Example 2:
Postopamo enako kot v primeru 1, le da uporabimo 30 g grafita z velikostjo delcev 0,15 - 0,6, 15 g kalcijevega fluorida in 60 g jekla (A) v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 0,02 - 0,03%, namesto železa v prahu pa 5% bakra in velikostjo delcev pod 0,15 mm.Proceed as in Example 1 except that 30 g of graphite with a particle size of 0.15 - 0.6, 15 g of calcium fluoride and 60 g of steel (A) in powder with a carbon content of 0.02 - 0.03% are used instead iron powder is 5% copper and particle size below 0.15 mm.
Rezultati testiranj tornih lastnosti zavornih oblog izdelanih iz torne mase v smislu izuma po izvedbenem primeru 2, so podani v tabeli 1 in tabeli 2.The results of testing the friction properties of the brake linings made from the friction mass of the invention according to embodiment 2 are given in Table 1 and Table 2.
Primer 3:Example 3:
Postopamo enako kot v primeru 1, le da uporabimo 18 g silicijevega karbida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 25 pm, 99 g bakrenega prahu z velikostjo delcev manjšo kot 0,075 mm in 30 g bakrenih vlaken dimenzij 60pm x 3 mm, 39 g jeklenega prahu (B) z vsebnostjo ogljika 1,2% , kroma 4%, molibdena 5%, vanadija 3%, volframa 6% in velikostjo delcev manjšo kot 0,15 mm.Proceed as in Example 1 except that 18 g of silicon carbide with an average particle size of 25 pm, 99 g of copper powder with a particle size of less than 0.075 mm and 30 g of copper fibers of 60pm x 3 mm, 39 g of steel powder (B) are used with a carbon content of 1,2%, chromium 4%, molybdenum 5%, vanadium 3%, tungsten 6% and a particle size less than 0,15 mm.
Rezultati testiranj tornih lastnosti zavornih oblog izdelanih iz torne mase v smislu izuma po izvedbenem primeru 3, so podani v tabeli 1.The results of testing the friction properties of the brake linings made from the friction mass of the invention according to embodiment 3 are given in Table 1.
Primer 4:Example 4:
Postopamo enako kot v primeru 1, le da uporabimo 32 g grafita z velikostjo delcev 0,15 do 0,6 mm, 20 g silicijevega karbida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 25 pm, 9 g aluminijevega nitrida s povprečno velikostjo delcev 45 pm, 134 g bakra v prahu z velikostjo delcev pod 0,075 mm, 36 g jekla (B) v prahu z vsebnostjo ogljika 1,2%, kroma 4%, molibdena 5%, vanadija 3%, volframa 6% in velikostjo delcev pod 0,15 mm.Proceed as in Example 1 except that 32 g of graphite with a particle size of 0.15 to 0.6 mm is used, 20 g of silicon carbide with an average particle size of 25 pm, 9 g of aluminum nitride with an average particle size of 45 pm, 134 g of copper powder with a particle size below 0.075 mm, 36 g of steel (B) powder with a carbon content of 1.2%, chromium 4%, molybdenum 5%, vanadium 3%, tungsten 6% and particle size below 0.15 mm.
-1010-1010
Rezultati testiranj tornih lastnosti zavornih oblog izdelanih iz torne mase v smislu izuma po izvedbenem primeru 4, so podani v tabeli 1.The results of testing the friction properties of brake linings made from the friction mass of the invention according to embodiment 4 are given in Table 1.
TABELA 1TABLE 1
V tabeli 1 so navedene torne lastnosti sintranih zavornih oblog, izdelane iz torne mase v smislu predloženega izuma (zavorni disk: C/C-SiC kompozit). Meritev je bila opravljena pri konstantni hitrosti vrtenja 660 min'1. Pri tem je torni koeficient označen z μ, SICOM* pa je registrirana blagovna znamka podjetja MS Production za material na osnovi siliciranega ogljik/ogljik kompozita.Table 1 lists the friction properties of sintered brake linings made from the friction mass of the present invention (brake disc: C / C-SiC composite). The measurement was performed at a constant rotational speed of 660 min ' 1 . The friction coefficient is denoted by μ and SICOM * is a registered trademark of MS Production for the siliconized carbon / carbon composite material.
obraba:wear:
volumska (mm3/MJ)volume (mm 3 / MJ)
Tabela 1Table 1
Preskusni pogoji:Test conditions:
Disk: φ 190 x 5,2 mm, C/C-SiC kompozit (SICOM®)Disc: φ 190 x 5.2 mm, C / C-SiC composite (SICOM®)
Zavorna ploščica: 40x40 mmBrake pad: 40x40 mm
Zavorni sistem: BremboBraking system: Brembo
Efektivni radij: 81,4 mmEffective radius: 81.4 mm
Površina ploščice: 10,2 cm2 Size of tile: 10,2 cm 2
Specifični tlak na ploščico: 120,4 N/cm2 Tile specific pressure: 120,4 N / cm 2
Hidravlični tlak: 19,8 barHydraulic pressure: 19.8 bar
Potek testiranja:Testing progress:
zaviranj pri konst. temp. 200°C 30 zaviranj pri konst. temp. 300°C 30 zaviranj pri konst. temp. 400°C Skupno: 90 zaviranjof inhibitions at const. temp. 200 ° C 30 brakes at const. temp. 300 ° C 30 brakes at const. temp. 400 ° C Total: 90 Brakes
V tabeli 2 so predstavljene torne lastnosti sintranih zavornih oblog, izdelanih iz torne mase v smislu predloženega izuma in komercialnega vzorca (zavorni disk: jeklena litina). Meritev je bila opravljena pri konstantni hitrosti vrtenja 660 min1, torni koeficient pa je tudi tokrat označen z μ.Table 2 presents the friction properties of sintered brake linings made from the friction mass of the present invention and a commercial pattern (brake disc: cast iron). The measurement was performed at a constant rotational speed of 660 min 1 , and this time the friction coefficient is also indicated by μ.
-1212-1212
volumska (mm3/MJ) Tabela 2volume (mm 3 / MJ) Table 2
Preskusni pogoji:Test conditions:
Disk: φ 190 x 3,7 mm, jeklena litina Zavorna ploščica: 40x40 mm Zavorni sistem: Brembo Efektivni radij: 81,4 mm Površina ploščice: 10,2 cm2 Specifični tlak na ploščico: 120,4 N/cm Hidravlični tlak: 19,8 barDisc: φ 190 x 3,7 mm, cast iron Brake plate: 40x40 mm Brake system: Brembo Effective radius: 81,4 mm Tile surface: 10,2 cm 2 Tile specific pressure: 120,4 N / cm Hydraulic pressure: 19,8 bar
Potek testiranja:Testing progress:
zaviranj pri konst. temp. 100°C 30 zaviranj pri konst. temp. 200°C 30 zaviranj pri konst temp. 300°C Skupno: 90 zaviranjof inhibitions at const. temp. 100 ° C 30 brakes at const. temp. 200 ° C 30 brakes at constant temp. 300 ° C Total: 90 brakes
-1313-1313
Tome lastnosti sintranih materialov po izvedbenih primerih 1, 2, 3 in 4 (Tabela 1) izmerjene na zavornih diskih iz kompozita C/C s keramično drsno površino iz SiC kažejo, da se vsi štiije odlikujejo z visokim in stabilnim tornim koeficientom μ ter nizko specifično obrabo. Material iz primera 4 ima najvišji izmerjen in tudi najbolj temperaturno stabilen torni koeficient μ pri 400°C. Pri tem materialu je bila izmerjena tudi najnižja specifična obraba. Material iz primera 1 ima visok torni koeficient μ pri nižjih temperaturah (100 - 300°C), ki pa je nekoliko nestabilen. Tudi v primeru 1 ima torni material nizko specifično obrabo. Sintrani material iz primera 2 vsebuje modifikatorje frikcije z učinkom pri višjih temperaturah, zato lahko pričakujemo dobre karaktristike pri zelo visokih temperaturah zaviranja (> 600°C).The sintered properties of sintered materials according to Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Table 1), measured on C / C composite brake discs with SiC ceramic sliding surface, show that all quiries are characterized by a high and stable friction coefficient μ and a low specific wear and tear. The material of Example 4 has the highest measured and also the most temperature-stable friction coefficient μ at 400 ° C. This material also measured the lowest specific wear. The material of Example 1 has a high friction coefficient μ at lower temperatures (100 - 300 ° C), but is somewhat unstable. Even in case 1, the friction material has low specific wear. The sintered material of Example 2 contains friction modifiers with an effect at higher temperatures, and therefore good performance at very high braking temperatures (> 600 ° C) can be expected.
Primeijava tornih lastnosti na klasičnih zavornih diskih iz jeklene litine (Tabela 2) pri tornih materialih iz primerov 1 in 2 ter komercialnega vzorca Ferodo I/C459 kaže, da so torne lastnosti (torni koeficient μ in specifična obraba) primerljive s komercialnim vzorcem. Povprečni torni koeficient μ materialov iz primerov 1 in 2 so celo višji kot pri materialu Ferodo.A comparison of the friction properties of the classic steel brake discs (Table 2) with the friction materials of Examples 1 and 2 and the Ferodo I / C459 commercial sample shows that the friction properties (friction coefficient μ and specific wear) are comparable with the commercial sample. The average friction coefficient μ of the materials in Examples 1 and 2 is even higher than that of Ferodo.
Izmeijene torne karakteristike kažejo, da je možno sintrane torne materiale v smislu predloženega izuma uspešno uporabiti tudi na klasičnih zavornih diskih, še zlasti pa so namenjeni za zaviranje na zavornih diskih nove generacije iz kompozitnih materialov C/C-SiC in C/SiC.The modified friction characteristics indicate that sintered friction materials of the present invention can also be successfully used on conventional brake discs, and are particularly intended for braking on new generation brake discs made of C / C-SiC and C / SiC composite materials.
Claims (20)
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| SI200400034A SI21465A (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2004-01-30 | Friction material and procedure for manufacturing such a material as well as break pads, particularly break pads and procedure for their manufacture |
| PCT/SI2004/000015 WO2004081405A1 (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2004-03-05 | Friction material and process of manufacturing thereof |
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| SI200300061A SI21464A (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | Friction material and manufacturing procedure of such material as well as brake lining, especially brake pad and its manufacturing procedure |
| SI200400034A SI21465A (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2004-01-30 | Friction material and procedure for manufacturing such a material as well as break pads, particularly break pads and procedure for their manufacture |
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| JP2006153136A (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-06-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Friction device |
| CN102619914B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2016-08-10 | 临安华龙摩擦材料有限公司 | Disc type brake block of petroleum and preparation method thereof |
| CN103639414A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Method for preparing high-hardness and low- abrasion copper-based friction material |
| RU2645857C1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-02-28 | Владислав Валентинович Берент | Method for manufacture of friction material for brake pads and brake pad |
| CN109136791B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-03-13 | 玉环双翔机械有限公司 | Preparation method of high-durability composite material for marking high-speed rail brake pad |
| CN112264624A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-26 | 上海理工大学 | Powder metallurgy brake pad with low tungsten content and preparation method thereof |
| CN112517905A (en) * | 2020-11-29 | 2021-03-19 | 无锡钊厚金属制造有限公司 | Preparation method of brake pad friction block |
| CN112620635A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 安阳工学院 | Iron-based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114833339B (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-06-16 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant powder metallurgy friction material, high-temperature-resistant brake pad, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114871429B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2024-02-20 | 北京瑞斯福高新科技股份有限公司 | Powder metallurgy friction material for high-speed motor train unit and preparation method thereof |
| CN115415527B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2023-12-08 | 湖南湘投轻材科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing brake disc |
| CN115319078B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-06-18 | 浙江汉格科技有限公司 | Copper-based powder metallurgy material for high-energy-load braking working condition |
| CN115351272A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-18 | 浙江汉格科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-based powder metallurgy material for high-energy-load braking working condition |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2144367B2 (en) * | 1971-09-04 | 1973-11-22 | Jurid Werke Gmbh, 2056 Glinde | Process for the production of a friction body |
| JPS58167697A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-03 | Arai Pump Mfg Co Ltd | Material for sliding parts |
| JPS61141782A (en) * | 1984-12-13 | 1986-06-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Friction material |
| US6110268A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 2000-08-29 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Sintered brake lining and method for its manufacture |
| DE19817611B4 (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 2005-04-21 | Schott Ag | Friction lining for torque transmission devices |
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2004
- 2004-01-30 SI SI200400034A patent/SI21465A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| WO2004081405A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
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