SG80528A1 - Process for recovery of purified terephthalic acid - Google Patents

Process for recovery of purified terephthalic acid

Info

Publication number
SG80528A1
SG80528A1 SG9603542A SG1996003542A SG80528A1 SG 80528 A1 SG80528 A1 SG 80528A1 SG 9603542 A SG9603542 A SG 9603542A SG 1996003542 A SG1996003542 A SG 1996003542A SG 80528 A1 SG80528 A1 SG 80528A1
Authority
SG
Singapore
Prior art keywords
terephthalic acid
pressure
purified terephthalic
filter cake
acid
Prior art date
Application number
SG9603542A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Debra Jean Streich
Diane Jean Graziano
Sandra K Schiller
Roger John Grimm
Original Assignee
Amoco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amoco Corp filed Critical Amoco Corp
Publication of SG80528A1 publication Critical patent/SG80528A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/46Phosphinous acids [R2POH], [R2P(= O)H]: Thiophosphinous acids including[R2PSH]; [R2P(=S)H]; Aminophosphines [R2PNH2]; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/42Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C51/43Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
SG9603542A 1991-04-12 1992-04-09 Process for recovery of purified terephthalic acid SG80528A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68521891A 1991-04-12 1991-04-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
SG80528A1 true SG80528A1 (en) 2001-05-22

Family

ID=24751228

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SG9603542A SG80528A1 (en) 1991-04-12 1992-04-09 Process for recovery of purified terephthalic acid

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US5175355A (pt)
EP (1) EP0579715B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP3342011B2 (pt)
KR (1) KR100210181B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN1035815C (pt)
AT (1) ATE157343T1 (pt)
BR (1) BR9205884A (pt)
CA (1) CA2108268C (pt)
DE (1) DE69221858T2 (pt)
ES (1) ES2104910T3 (pt)
MX (1) MX9201703A (pt)
RU (1) RU2109007C1 (pt)
SG (1) SG80528A1 (pt)
TW (1) TW203603B (pt)
UA (1) UA26192C2 (pt)
WO (1) WO1992018454A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (111)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9104776D0 (en) * 1991-03-07 1991-04-17 Ici Plc Process for the production of terephthalic acid
GB9310070D0 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-06-30 Ici Plc Process for the production of purified terephthalic acid
GB9302333D0 (en) * 1993-02-05 1993-03-24 Ici Plc Filtration process
JPH06327915A (ja) * 1993-05-24 1994-11-29 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd スラリーから結晶を回収する方法及び装置
US5929274A (en) * 1995-06-07 1999-07-27 Hfm International, Inc. Method to reduce carboxybenzaldehyde isomers in terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid
US6054610A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-04-25 Hfm International, Inc. Method and apparatus for preparing purified terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid from mixed xylenes
US5767311A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-06-16 Glitsch International, Inc. Method and apparatus for preparing purified terephtalic acid
US6013835A (en) * 1995-06-07 2000-01-11 Hfm International, Inc. Method and apparatus for preparing purified terephthalic acid
US6034269A (en) * 1998-08-03 2000-03-07 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for producing pure carboxylic acids
IT1311976B1 (it) 1999-03-25 2002-03-22 Franco Codignola Procedimento per la produzione di acidi aromatici.
MXPA01012034A (es) * 1999-05-24 2002-05-06 Baker Hughes Inc Dispositivo de filtracion de presion y metodo que emplea una camara de despresurizacion y transporte de material.
US6639104B2 (en) * 1999-12-10 2003-10-28 Inca International S.P.A. Process for the recovery of purified terephthalic acid (PTA)
AU1725401A (en) * 1999-12-29 2001-07-16 Inca International S.P.A. Process for the recovery of purified terephthalic acid (pta)
US6655531B1 (en) 2000-05-23 2003-12-02 Baker Hughes Incorporated Pressure filtration device
IT1319169B1 (it) 2000-07-14 2003-09-26 Eurotecnica Dev & Licensing Sr Procedimento per la purificazione di acidi carbossilici aromatici.
WO2002092214A1 (fr) * 2001-05-15 2002-11-21 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Procede de production d'un compose
US7196215B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2007-03-27 Eastman Chemical Company Process for the production of purified terephthalic acid
US7485747B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2009-02-03 Eastman Chemical Company Two stage oxidation process for the production of aromatic dicarboxylic acids
US6689903B2 (en) * 2001-06-04 2004-02-10 Eastman Chemical Company Crystallization method for production of purified aromatic dicarboxylic acids
US7276625B2 (en) * 2002-10-15 2007-10-02 Eastman Chemical Company Process for production of a carboxylic acid/diol mixture suitable for use in polyester production
AU2003280809A1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-06-03 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Process for producing terephthalic acid
US7074954B2 (en) * 2002-12-09 2006-07-11 Eastman Chemical Company Process for the oxidative purification of terephthalic acid
US7161027B2 (en) * 2002-12-09 2007-01-09 Eastman Chemical Company Process for the oxidative purification of terephthalic acid
US7193109B2 (en) * 2003-03-06 2007-03-20 Eastman Chemical Company Process for production of a carboxylic acid/diol mixture suitable for use in polyester production
US20040215036A1 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-10-28 Robert Lin Method for heating a crude carboxylic acid slurry in a post oxidation zone by the addition of steam
US7410632B2 (en) 2003-06-05 2008-08-12 Eastman Chemical Company Extraction process for removal of impurities from mother liquor in the synthesis of carboxylic acid
US7282151B2 (en) * 2003-06-05 2007-10-16 Eastman Chemical Company Process for removal of impurities from mother liquor in the synthesis of carboxylic acid using pressure filtration
US7381386B2 (en) 2003-06-05 2008-06-03 Eastman Chemical Company Extraction process for removal of impurities from mother liquor in the synthesis of carboxylic acid
US7452522B2 (en) 2003-06-05 2008-11-18 Eastman Chemical Company Extraction process for removal of impurities from an oxidizer purge stream in the synthesis of carboxylic acid
US7351396B2 (en) 2003-06-05 2008-04-01 Eastman Chemical Company Extraction process for removal of impurities from an aqueous mixture
US7494641B2 (en) 2003-06-05 2009-02-24 Eastman Chemical Company Extraction process for removal of impurities from an oxidizer purge stream in the synthesis of carboxylic acid
US7546747B2 (en) * 2004-01-15 2009-06-16 Eastman Chemical Company Process for production of a dried carboxylic acid cake suitable for use in polyester production
US7214760B2 (en) * 2004-01-15 2007-05-08 Eastman Chemical Company Process for production of a carboxylic acid/diol mixture suitable for use in polyester production
US20050283022A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2005-12-22 Sheppard Ronald B Filtrate preparation process for terephthalic acid filtrate treatment
CN1264802C (zh) * 2004-07-08 2006-07-19 艾博特(厦门)设备工程有限公司 一种制备纯度达到99.98%以上的纯对苯二甲酸的方法
US7741515B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2010-06-22 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7507857B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2009-03-24 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7371894B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2008-05-13 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7589231B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2009-09-15 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7381836B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2008-06-03 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7959879B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2011-06-14 Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. De C.V. Optimized production of aromatic dicarboxylic acids
US7910769B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2011-03-22 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7692037B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2010-04-06 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7888530B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2011-02-15 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized production of aromatic dicarboxylic acids
US7683210B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2010-03-23 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US20070238899A9 (en) 2004-09-02 2007-10-11 Robert Lin Optimized production of aromatic dicarboxylic acids
US7504535B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2009-03-17 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7572936B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2009-08-11 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7568361B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2009-08-04 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7582793B2 (en) 2004-09-02 2009-09-01 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7692036B2 (en) 2004-11-29 2010-04-06 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7291270B2 (en) 2004-10-28 2007-11-06 Eastman Chemical Company Process for removal of impurities from an oxidizer purge stream
MY144892A (en) * 2004-10-28 2011-11-30 Grupo Petrotemex Sa De Cv Process for removal of impurities from an oxidizer purge stream
US7273559B2 (en) 2004-10-28 2007-09-25 Eastman Chemical Company Process for removal of impurities from an oxidizer purge stream
KR101309476B1 (ko) * 2004-12-13 2013-09-23 비피 코포레이션 노쓰 아메리카 인코포레이티드 방향족 카르복실산의 정제 방법
WO2006102459A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Bp Corporation North America Inc. Process and apparatus for manufacturing aromatic carboxylic acids including pure forms thereof
US7919652B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2011-04-05 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce an enriched composition through the use of a catalyst removal zone and an enrichment zone
US7834208B2 (en) 2005-05-19 2010-11-16 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce a post catalyst removal composition
US20060264662A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Gibson Philip E Esterification of an enriched composition
US7741516B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2010-06-22 Eastman Chemical Company Process to enrich a carboxylic acid composition
US7432395B2 (en) 2005-05-19 2008-10-07 Eastman Chemical Company Enriched carboxylic acid composition
US7897809B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2011-03-01 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce an enrichment feed
US7304178B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2007-12-04 Eastman Chemical Company Enriched isophthalic acid composition
US20060264656A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Fujitsu Limited Enrichment process using compounds useful in a polyester process
US7557243B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2009-07-07 Eastman Chemical Company Enriched terephthalic acid composition
US20060264664A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Parker Kenny R Esterification of an exchange solvent enriched composition
US7880031B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2011-02-01 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce an enrichment feed
US7884231B2 (en) * 2005-05-19 2011-02-08 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce an enriched composition
US7884232B2 (en) 2005-06-16 2011-02-08 Eastman Chemical Company Optimized liquid-phase oxidation
US7569722B2 (en) 2005-08-11 2009-08-04 Eastman Chemical Company Process for removal of benzoic acid from an oxidizer purge stream
US7402694B2 (en) 2005-08-11 2008-07-22 Eastman Chemical Company Process for removal of benzoic acid from an oxidizer purge stream
CN100522915C (zh) * 2005-12-27 2009-08-05 艾博特(厦门)设备工程有限公司 一种用来分离粗对苯二甲酸(cta)的方法
CA2626033C (en) 2005-12-29 2013-09-03 Bp Corporation North America Inc. Ethanolysis of pet to form det and oxidation thereof
US20070155987A1 (en) * 2006-01-04 2007-07-05 O'meadhra Ruairi S Oxidative digestion with optimized agitation
US20070179312A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-02 O'meadhra Ruairi Seosamh Process for the purification of a crude carboxylic axid slurry
US7816556B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2010-10-19 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system employing enhanced multistage oxidative digestion
US7501537B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2009-03-10 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system employing oxidative digestion with reduced or eliminated upstream liquor exchange
US7863483B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2011-01-04 Eastman Chemical Company Carboxylic acid production process
US20070208199A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-06 Kenny Randolph Parker Methods and apparatus for isolating carboxylic acid
US20070203359A1 (en) 2006-03-01 2007-08-30 Philip Edward Gibson Versatile oxidation byproduct purge process
US7462736B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2008-12-09 Eastman Chemical Company Methods and apparatus for isolating carboxylic acid
US20070208194A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-06 Woodruff Thomas E Oxidation system with sidedraw secondary reactor
US8697906B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2014-04-15 Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. De C.V. Methods and apparatus for producing a low-moisture carboxylic acid wet cake
US7847121B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2010-12-07 Eastman Chemical Company Carboxylic acid production process
US7772424B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2010-08-10 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system employing enhanced evaporative concentration downstream of oxidative digestion
US7393973B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2008-07-01 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system with enhanced residence time distribution for oxidative digestion
US7880032B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2011-02-01 Eastman Chemical Company Versatile oxidation byproduct purge process
US7888529B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2011-02-15 Eastman Chemical Company Process to produce a post catalyst removal composition
US7897808B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2011-03-01 Eastman Chemical Company Versatile oxidation byproduct purge process
US7326808B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2008-02-05 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system employing cooled mother liquor from oxidative digestion as feed to impurity purge system
US7420082B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2008-09-02 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system employing hot liquor removal downstream of oxidative digestion
US7863481B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2011-01-04 Eastman Chemical Company Versatile oxidation byproduct purge process
US7326807B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2008-02-05 Eastman Chemical Company Polycarboxylic acid production system with enhanced heating for oxidative digestion
US8173835B2 (en) * 2006-03-01 2012-05-08 Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. De C.V. Method and apparatus for drying carboxylic acid
CN101152969B (zh) * 2006-09-29 2011-01-19 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院 对苯二甲酸生产废水的处理方法
WO2009024872A2 (en) * 2007-05-31 2009-02-26 Dow Italia S.R.L. Improved process for the recovery of terephthalic acid
US8614350B2 (en) 2008-01-15 2013-12-24 Eastman Chemical Company Carboxylic acid production process employing solvent from esterification of lignocellulosic material
US8455680B2 (en) 2008-01-15 2013-06-04 Eastman Chemical Company Carboxylic acid production process employing solvent from esterification of lignocellulosic material
KR101194067B1 (ko) * 2008-01-25 2012-10-24 삼성석유화학(주) 테레프탈산 제조에서의 결정화 및 고액 분리 공정
KR100976034B1 (ko) 2009-01-06 2010-08-17 삼성석유화학(주) 고순도의 테레프탈산 회수방법
CN102421741B (zh) * 2009-04-24 2014-03-26 英威达技术有限公司 用于处理、纯化粗对苯二甲酸及相关过程流的方法、步骤及系统
IN2012DN02459A (pt) 2009-09-30 2015-08-21 Bp Corp North America Inc
CN102126945A (zh) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-20 中国石油化工股份有限公司 回收精对苯二甲酸的方法
GB201102476D0 (en) * 2011-02-11 2011-03-30 Davy Process Techn Ltd Process
DE102012007675A1 (de) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-17 BOKELA Ingenieurgesellschaft für mechanische Verfahrenstechnik mbH Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen von TA(Terephtalsäure)
US20140175025A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Eastman Chemical Company Generation of low-solids second mother liquor from terephthalic acid production filter
US9826757B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-11-28 Advance International Inc. Automated method and system for recovering protein powder meal, pure omega 3 oil and purified distilled water from animal tissue
EP3083543B1 (en) 2013-12-18 2021-04-14 Ineos Us Chemicals Company Improved process for manufacturing aromatic carboxylic acids
EP3089804B1 (en) 2013-12-31 2021-06-09 Ineos Us Chemicals Company Solid-liquid separations with a no-dry rotary pressure filter
GB201508411D0 (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-07-01 Invista Tech Sarl Filter
GB201513933D0 (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-09-23 Invista Technologies Srl Rotary filter

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3497552A (en) * 1966-07-18 1970-02-24 Standard Oil Co Continuous crystallization in a plurality of cooling stages using dilutions by cooled solvent of feed to each stage
DE2161185B2 (de) * 1970-12-09 1976-11-11 Kuraray Yuka Co., Ltd., Tokio Verfahren zur entfernung von eisen und teeraehnlichen nebenprodukten aus einem einen schwermetalloxydationskatalysator enthaltenden rueckstand
EP0073076A2 (de) * 1981-08-04 1983-03-02 DrM, Dr. Müller AG Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Eindickung von Suspensionen

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3624145A (en) * 1969-02-17 1971-11-30 Du Pont Purification of terephthalic acid by liquid-liquid extraction
DE2714985C2 (de) * 1977-04-04 1982-05-06 Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl Verfahren zur Reinigung von Terephthalsäure
DE3729268A1 (de) * 1987-09-02 1989-03-16 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren und anlage zur abtrennung und reinigung von celluloseethern und anderen cellulosederivaten

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3497552A (en) * 1966-07-18 1970-02-24 Standard Oil Co Continuous crystallization in a plurality of cooling stages using dilutions by cooled solvent of feed to each stage
DE2161185B2 (de) * 1970-12-09 1976-11-11 Kuraray Yuka Co., Ltd., Tokio Verfahren zur entfernung von eisen und teeraehnlichen nebenprodukten aus einem einen schwermetalloxydationskatalysator enthaltenden rueckstand
EP0073076A2 (de) * 1981-08-04 1983-03-02 DrM, Dr. Müller AG Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Eindickung von Suspensionen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0579715B1 (en) 1997-08-27
JPH06506461A (ja) 1994-07-21
KR100210181B1 (ko) 1999-07-15
TW203603B (pt) 1993-04-11
DE69221858T2 (de) 1998-04-02
US5175355A (en) 1992-12-29
JP3342011B2 (ja) 2002-11-05
MX9201703A (es) 1992-09-01
CN1066841A (zh) 1992-12-09
ATE157343T1 (de) 1997-09-15
EP0579715A1 (en) 1994-01-26
UA26192C2 (uk) 1999-07-19
DE69221858D1 (de) 1997-10-02
WO1992018454A1 (en) 1992-10-29
RU2109007C1 (ru) 1998-04-20
CA2108268C (en) 2003-02-04
CN1035815C (zh) 1997-09-10
ES2104910T3 (es) 1997-10-16
BR9205884A (pt) 1994-08-23
CA2108268A1 (en) 1992-10-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
SG80528A1 (en) Process for recovery of purified terephthalic acid
RU93058257A (ru) Способ получения очищенной терефталевой кислоты
CA2108269A1 (en) Process for preparation of crude terephthalic acid suitable for reduction to prepare purified terephthalic acid
SG80548A1 (en) Process for preparation of terephthalic acid
JPS54122253A (en) Preparation of cis-alkylcyclohexanol
IE39560L (en) Separation of zinc from soluble silica
US2948716A (en) Purification of sugar esters
US5210023A (en) Method of purifying ferment-produced riboflavin
US2517276A (en) Process for the purification of 1-ascorbic acid
US2732399A (en) Process for separating isophthalic acid
US6469208B1 (en) Process for the preparation of crystalline and solvent free iohexol
JPS5527117A (en) Preparation of isopropenylphenol
EP0421046B1 (en) Process for producing highly pure 3,3',4,4' - biphenyltetra- carboxylic acid or dianhydride thereof
US4313880A (en) Extractive process for preparing apigenin
JPS55162991A (en) Separation of long-chain dicarboxylic acid from fermentation broth
US2520127A (en) Method of purifying rutin
US3206506A (en) Separation of acetylglutamine
JPS57202298A (en) Preparation of cyclodextrin
US3059025A (en) Separation of high purity isophthalic acid
GB2213815A (en) Process for producing nucleosides
Lambooy Synthesis of 2, 5-Dihydroxyphenylalanine
US2870199A (en) Gentisic acid purification
Wren et al. 36. Studies in the phenylsuccinic acid series. Part XI. Interaction of the optically active and inactive diphenylsuccinic anhydrides with butyl alcohol and aniline
JPS5519055A (en) Separation of micophenolic acid
JPS5640639A (en) Purification of terephthalic acid