RU98980U1 - LINEAR AUTO LOCK RELAY SWITCH - Google Patents

Abstract

 An automatic blocking linear relay switching device comprising a linear relay connected at one end of a two-wire linear circuit, at the other end of which a power source is connected, in series with which the first and second closing contacts of the control relay are connected respectively to each wire of the linear circuit, into one of the wires between the first one of the control relay windings is connected by the closing contact of the control relay and the linear relay, the other winding of which is connected counter to the first winding of the same relay, sparking to rounds, one of which is connected through the NC contact of the control relay parallel to the first NO contact of the control relay, the other is connected in parallel with the second NC of the control relay, the second winding of the control relay is connected in parallel with the power source through a resistor and a third NO contact of the control relay, characterized in that photodetectors are introduced, connected by optical communication with the corresponding contacts of the control relay, and the outputs of the photodetectors are the control outputs of the device roystva.

Description

The utility model relates to railway automation and telemechanics devices.

A device is known for activating a linear self-locking relay, comprising a linear relay connected at one end of a two-wire linear circuit, a power source, control relay contacts included in each wire of a linear circuit in series with a power source at the other end of the same linear circuit (Kazakov A.A. , Bubnov VD, Kazakov EA Automated systems for interval regulation of train traffic: A textbook for technical schools of railway transport. M: Transport, 1995, Fig. 2.2).

The disadvantage of this device is the low availability of control, since it does not allow you to fix its pre-failure condition caused by spark or / and arc formation processes on the contacts of the control relay.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a device for switching on a linear self-locking relay, containing a linear relay connected at one end of a two-wire linear circuit, at the other end of which a power source is connected, in series with which the first and second closing contacts of the control are connected to each wire of the linear circuit relay, one of the windings of the control relay is connected to one of the wires between the first make contact of the control relay and the linear relay, the other winding of which is on It is opposite to the first winding of the same relay, sparking circuits, one of which is connected through the NC contact of the control relay parallel to the first NO contact of the control relay, the other is connected in parallel with the second NO contact of the same relay, the second winding of the control relay is connected in parallel with the power source through the resistor and the third make contact of the control relay (SU No. 1474009, B61L 23/22, op. 23.04.89, Bull. No. 15).

The disadvantage of this device is also low controllability, since it does not allow to fix its pre-failure condition caused by spark and / or arc processes on the contacts of the control relay. The formation of a spark and / or arc on the contacts of the control relay can occur either due to the deregulation of the mechanical part of this relay, or due to the degradation of the parameters of the elements of the spark suppression circuit over time. In both cases, the contacts of the control relay will be destroyed under the influence of electrical erosion, which will lead to a failure of the device, which means a delay in the movement of trains.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the controllability of the device for switching on a linear self-locking relay by fixing the process of sparking and / or arc formation on the contacts of the control relay.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for switching on a linear self-locking relay, comprising a linear relay connected at one end of a two-wire linear circuit, at the other end of which a power source is connected, in series with which the first and second closing contacts of the control relay are connected respectively to each wire of the linear circuit , in one of the wires between the first make contact of the control relay and the linear relay, one of the windings of the control relay is connected, the other winding of which is connected in opposition to the first winding of the same relay, sparking circuits, one of which is connected through the NC contact of the control relay parallel to the first NO contact of the control relay, the other is connected in parallel with the second NO contact of the control relay, the second winding of the control relay is connected in parallel with the power source through the resistor and the third NO contact of the control relay introduced photodetectors connected by optical communication with the corresponding contacts of the control relay, and the outputs of the photodetectors are control device outputs.

Functional diagram of the inventive device for switching on a linear self-locking relay is shown in figure 1. Figure 2 shows the sensor circuit of the telecontrol system.

The device for activating a linear self-locking relay includes a linear relay 1 connected at one end of a linear circuit consisting of two wires 2 and 3. At the other end of the linear circuit, a power supply 4 is connected, in series with which the first 5.1 and second are connected respectively to each wire of the linear circuit 5.2 make contacts of the control relay (not shown in figure 1). One of the wires of the linear circuit is wire 2, between the first make contact 5.1 of the control relay and the linear relay 1, one of the windings of the control relay 6 is connected. The second winding of the control relay 6 is connected opposite to the first winding of the same relay to the power source 4 through the resistor 7 and third make contact 5.3 of the control relay. One spark-extinguishing circuit 8 is connected via the NC contact 6.1 of the control relay 6 parallel to the first NO contact 5.1 of the control relay. The second spark suppression circuit 9 is connected in parallel with the second make contact 5.2 of the control relay. The first photodetector 10 is connected by optical communication with the first make contact 5.1 of the control relay. The second photodetector 11 is connected by optical communication with the second make contact 5.2 of the control relay. The third photodetector 12 is connected by optical communication with the third make contact 5.3 of the control relay. The conclusions 10.1 and 10.2, 11.1 and 11.2, 12.1 and 12.2 of the photodetectors 10, 11, 12 are the control outputs of the device.

As elements of spark-suppression circuits 8 and 9 in the inventive device can be used resistors, capacitors, varistors, permanent magnets (Sapozhnikov V.V., Kravtsov Yu.A., Sapozhnikov V.V. Theoretical foundations of railway automation and telemechanics: Textbook for high schools .-d. Transport / Under the editorship of Sapozhnikov VV - M .: GOU "Educational and methodical center for education in railway transport", 2008, p. 48-50).

The quality of the photosensors in the claimed device uses photodiodes of the type FD-256, which respond to infrared radiation accompanying the processes of spark and arc formation, with a wavelength of 800 ... 950 nm, at a distance of up to 6 m. Using infrared radiation protects photodetectors 10-12 from perception electric lighting as signals of spark arcing at contacts 5.1-5.3 (Kashkarov AP, Photo- and thermal sensors in electronic circuits. - M.: “ALTEX”, 2004, p. 81).

A device for activating a linear self-locking relay operates as follows.

In the absence of a spark and / or arc on the contacts 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, the photodetectors 10, 11 and 12 of the device for switching on the linear self-locking relay (Fig. 1) have a large internal resistance. The transistors 13, 14 and 15 of the sensor of the monitoring system (figure 2) are closed (in the cutoff mode), the LED 16 does not emit light, the potential on the collector of the transistor 15 is the output 21 of the sensor of the monitoring system, is equal to the voltage of the sensor power source, that is, the signal " logical 1 ". This signal is perceived as a health signal of the monitored contact 5.1 (5.2, 5.3) of the device.

In the closed state of the contacts 5.1-5.3 of the control relay from the power source 4, the signal current flows through the contacts 5.1, 5.2 of the control relay, the winding of the linear relay 1 and the first winding of the control relay 6. Linear relay 1 is in the on state, ensuring the inclusion at the appropriate traffic light of a self-locking signal that allows the movement of trains. At the same time, from the power supply 4 through the closed contact 5.3 of the control relay, the second winding of the control relay 6, which is turned on in relation to its first winding, and the resistor 7 flows the control current. In this case, the resistance of the resistor 7 should be equal to the sum of the resistances of the wires 2, 3 of the linear circuit and the windings of the linear relay 1. Due to the on-off switching of the windings of the control relay 6, the magnetic flux generated by its windings compensate each other, as a result of which the control relay 6 will be off condition. The NC contact 6.1 of the control relay 6 will be closed, and the spark-extinguishing circuit 8 is connected in parallel with terminal 5.1 of the control relay.

When the contacts 5.1-5.3 of the control relay open, the linear relay 1 is turned off, ensuring the inclusion of a signal at the corresponding traffic light that prohibits the movement of trains. At the same time, both circuits for switching on the windings of the control relay 6 are opened, which keeps the off state. In this case, by the breaking contact 6.1 of this relay, the spark-extinguishing circuit 8 remains connected in parallel with the contact 5.1 of the control relay.

When one or both spark suppressing circuits 8 or / and 9 are broken, electrical shunt circuits of contacts 5.1 or / and 5.2 of the control relay, respectively, are formed. When the state of contacts 5.1-5.3 is closed, this malfunction is not detected, since the linear relay 1 keeps the on state, and the control relay 6 will be turned off. When the contacts 5.1 and 5.2 are opened, shunted by faulty spark suppressing circuits 8 or / and 9, respectively, the linear relay 1 may remain in the on state, which is a dangerous failure, not permissible in railway automation and telemechanics devices.

The elimination of a possible dangerous failure in this device is achieved by the fact that when the contacts 5.1 and 5.2 of the control relay open, its contact 5.3 also opens, disconnecting the power supply circuit of the second winding of the control relay 6. Since the power supply circuit of the first winding of the control relay 6 is through faulty spark-extinguishing circuits 8 and / or 9 is saved, then the control relay 6 is turned on, opening its contact 6.1 in the self-switching circuit and in the switching circuit of the linear relay 1. Linear relay 1 is turned off, including self-locking with ignal, prohibiting the movement of trains. After a period of time determined by the deceleration time of the control relay 6 for releasing the armature and the switching time of its contacts, the contact 6.1 of the control relay 6 closes, again forming the switching circuit of the linear relay 1 and the control relay 6. When the linear relay 1 is turned on, the signal is turned on at the corresponding traffic light allowing the movement of trains. Then, after the control relay 6 is turned on, by the contact 6.1 of this relay, the switching circuit of the linear relay 1 and the control relay 6 is opened again. At the corresponding traffic light, the signal prohibiting the movement of trains is switched on again. In the future, until troubleshooting of spark arrester circuits 8 or / and 9, the device will work similarly in a pulsed mode. During this period, at the corresponding auto-blocking traffic light, a periodic change of the signals allowing and prohibiting the movement of trains will occur, which is a protective refusal, since such traffic signaling requires the train to stop.

The appearance on one or several contacts 5.1-5.3 of the control relay of a spark or / and arc, due to the degradation of the parameters of the spark-extinguishing circuits 8, 9 or the misregistration of the mechanical part of the control relay, will be accompanied by a luminous flux, as well as infrared radiation. Under the influence of infrared radiation, the corresponding photodiode 10-12, located in the zone of propagation of this radiation, sharply reduces its internal resistance. At the same time, the base of the transistor 13 of the corresponding sensor of the monitoring system (figure 2) receives the positive potential of the power source. The transistor 13, and after it the transistors 14 and 15 go into saturation mode, that is, open. LED 16 emits light, signaling to the service personnel about the process of destruction of the corresponding contact of the control relay. On the collector of transistor 15, which is the control output of the sensor 21, a potential close to zero is formed - a signal “logical 0”, which is perceived as a precautionary state of the device for switching on a linear self-locking relay.

Thus, the inventive device allows you to record not only failures that arise as a result of a malfunction of the spark-extinguishing circuits, but also pre-failure conditions of the device caused by erosion of the contacts of the control relay that occurs due to arcing on the contacts of the control relays.

Claims (1)

An automatic blocking linear relay switching device comprising a linear relay connected at one end of a two-wire linear circuit, at the other end of which a power source is connected, in series with which the first and second closing contacts of the control relay are connected respectively to each wire of the linear circuit, into one of the wires between the first one of the control relay windings is connected by the closing contact of the control relay and the linear relay, the other winding of which is connected counter to the first winding of the same relay, sparking to rounds, one of which is connected through the NC contact of the control relay parallel to the first NO contact of the control relay, the other is connected in parallel with the second NC of the control relay, the second winding of the control relay is connected in parallel with the power source through a resistor and a third NO contact of the control relay, characterized in that photodetectors are introduced, connected by optical communication with the corresponding contacts of the control relay, and the outputs of the photodetectors are the control outputs of the device roystva.