SU1363376A1 - Apparatus for automatic switching of a.c. sources - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used for uninterrupted power supply to responsible single-phase current consumers. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and speed of the device. The device contains voltage sensors, sequentially connected semiconductor switches (PPV) with control units and control units of the main source and PPV with control units and control units of the backup current source. In the case of a disconnected voltage supplying the load, or the failure of one of the FPUs, the memory block or signaling units, acting on the control units and resetting units, disconnect the FPP in series and connect the load to another source. 1 hp F-ly, 2 silt .., with & OO CO

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used for uninterrupted power supply to responsible single-phase current consumers,

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and speed of the device for automatic switching of sources of alternating current.

Fig. 1 shows a functional diagram of an apparatus for automatically switching alternating current sources; FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of the first (second) signaling unit — g to control units. The second input block

20

device days.

The device contains a terminal 1 for connecting the main current source, which is connected simultaneously to the sensor 2 of the voltage source of the main network and through the first control unit 3, the first semiconductor switch 4, equipped with the first control unit 5, the third semiconductor switch 6, equipped with 25 third control unit 7, to terminal 8 for connecting the load, terminal 9 for connecting the backup current source, which is connected simultaneously to the sensor 10 of the source voltage of the backup network and through the second control unit 11 The second semiconductor switch 12, having a second control unit 13, the fourth semiconductor vy1u1yuchatel 14 provided with a fourth control unit 15, to the terminal 8 for connecting a load.

The output of the voltage source sensor 2 of the main network is simultaneously connected to the first signaling unit 16 and the first combination circuit 17, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the memory unit 8.

thirty

35

40

7 is connected to the first signaling unit 16, and the output simultaneously to the third semiconductor switch 6 and the fourth unit

24 control.

The inverse output of the memory unit 18 is simultaneously connected to the second signaling unit 19 and the second control unit 13, the output of which is simultaneously connected to the second semiconductor switch 12 and the fifth unit

25 control, the output of which is connected simultaneously to the second signaling block 19 and the second reset block 26, the first input of which is connected to the second control unit I 1 and the second signaling block 19, and the third to the output of the sixth control block 27 and the second signaling block 19 .

The code of the second reset unit 26 is keyed to the second input of the second combination circuit 20.

The device works as follows.

When the main current source 1 is turned on, it is connected to terminal 8 for connecting the load through the first control unit 3, the first 4 and third 6 semiconductor switches.

The output of voltage source sensor 10 is 45. The control unit 3 controls the size of the backup network simultaneously connected to the second signaling unit 19 and the second combination circuit 20. The output of which is connected to the second input of the memory unit 18.

The forward output of memory unit 18 is simultaneously connected to the first alarm unit 16 and the first control unit 5, the second input of which is connected to the pulse generator 21, and: simultaneously connected to the first semiconductor switch 4 and the third control unit 22, the output of which is simultaneously connected

50

55

Well, the current in the power circuit. The sensor 2 of the voltage of the source of the main network in this case causes the signal 1, which through the first combination circuit 17 sets the memory unit 18 to such a state that, at the input of the first control unit 5 (direct output of the memory unit 18), the signal is 1, and at the input of the second control unit 13 (inverse output of the memory unit 18) - O.

The first control unit 5 comprises series-connected element 2I-NOT and a transformer amplifier

2

ten

to the first signaling unit 16 and the first reset unit 23, the second input of which is connected to the first control unit 3 and the first signaling unit 16, and the third to the output of the fourth control unit 24 and the first signaling unit 16. The output of the first reset unit 23 is connected to the second input of the first combination circuit 17. The pulse generator 21 is connected simultaneously to the first 16 and second 19 signaling units, the first 5, the second 13, the third 7, the fourth 15

g control units. The second input block

0

five

0

five

0

7 is connected to the first signaling unit 16, and the output simultaneously to the third semiconductor switch 6 and the fourth unit

24 control.

The inverse output of the memory unit 18 is simultaneously connected to the second signaling unit 19 and the second control unit 13, the output of which is simultaneously connected to the second semiconductor switch 12 and the fifth unit

25 control, the output of which is connected simultaneously to the second alarm block 19 and the second reset block 26, the first input of which is connected to the second control block I 1 and the second signaling block 19, and the third to the output of the sixth control block 27 and the second block 19 alarms.

The second code of the second reset unit 26 is connected to the second input of the second combining circuit 20.

The device works as follows.

When the main current source 1 is turned on, it is connected to terminal 8 for connecting the load through the first control unit 3, the first 4 and third 6 semiconductor switches.

0

five

Well, the current in the power circuit. The sensor 2 of the voltage of the source of the main network in this case causes the signal 1, which through the first combination circuit 17 sets the memory unit 18 to such a state that, at the input of the first control unit 5 (direct output of the memory unit 18), the signal is 1, and at the input of the second control unit 13 (inverse output of the memory unit 18) - O.

The first control unit 5 comprises series-connected element 2I-NOT and a transformer amplifier

31363376

and a composite transistor, and the inputs a for m n n) 0 P p

Element 2I-D's are not connected to blocks 18 and 21, the transformer is connected to block 4, and the signal to block 22 is removed from a resistor in the emitter circuit of the composite transistor.

The third control block 22 contains a diode connected in series, a comparator and a NO element. The free diode output is connected to block 5, and the output of the element NOT is connected to blocks 16, 23.

E-trigger can be used as memory block 8.

As the first circuit 17 of the union, for the connection of the load remains

These are used after connected to the main source.

ideally logical elements of NO Itoka, since one of the inputs is t0 2 OR NOT, and the input of the element is NOT the sub-control unit 13 receives the keys to unit 2, and the free input and

20

the output of element 2И11И-НЕ - to blocks 23 and 18, respectively.

The voltage drop from 0 to 1 from the output of the memory block 18 enters the driver 28 of the first block 16

About from the memory unit 18 and it does not transmit control signals from the pulse generator 21 to the input of the second semiconductor switch 12.

When the main current source is turned off, the signal O from the sensor 2

signaling (figure 2), which gives 25 nor the main network through the first scheme

one pulse setting the first 29 and second 30 RS-flip-flops into such a state when 1 appears at their direct outputs, coming through element 31 to one of the inputs of the third control unit.a 7, allowing the passing of control signals from the generator 21 pulses through the third control unit 7 to the input of the third semiconductor switch 6. At the same time, the control signals from the generator 2 of the pulses through the first control unit 5 pass to the input of the first semiconductor switch 4. Thus, the first 4 and third 6 semiconductors marketing Breakers okazyvayuts open. At the same time, the second 12 and fourth 14 switches are closed. From the outputs of the first 3, third 22 and fourteen 18 memory, and to the first block 16 of that 24-block control, logical unit signals are sent to the first reset block 23, which consists of a series-connected element

an alarm that notifies that the main current source is turned off with an audio and light signal (figure 2).

At the same time with inverse output

 ZI, the inputs of which are connected to the block Q and the memory block 18, the difference is

Cam 3, 22 and 24, and the imager, the output of which is connected to block 17.

At the output of block 23, in this case O is constantly present, and a message from O to I arrives at the driver of the second signaling unit 19 (Fig. 2). The former generates one pulse of negative polarity to the first combining circuit 17 and gg and setting the first 29 and second changing state of the memory block 18. The 30 RS-flip-flops are in this state. The blocks of the device, the names of which when their direct outputs appear - only the order of the non-logical units coming in are different, are similar to the AND 31 element, the output signal is if the first The backup current source is turned on, the device operates in the same way. In this case, the terminal 9 for connecting the backup current source is connected to terminal 8 for connecting the load through the second control unit 11, the second 12 and fourth 14 semiconductor switches. The first 4 and third 6 semiconductor switches off whether closed.

If the backup power source is turned on after the main power source is turned on (both networks are present), terminal 8

pry block 13 control enters

About from the memory unit 18 and it does not transmit control signals from the pulse generator 21 to the input of the second semiconductor switch 12.

When the main current source is turned off, the signal O from the sensor 2

17, the union changes the state of the memory block 18 to the opposite. Now, from the direct output of memory block 18, O comes to one of the inputs of the first control unit 5, preventing the control signals from the pulse generator 21 from entering the first 4 semiconductor switches, and 1 from the inverse output allowing the pulses to pass from the generator 21 through the second control unit 13 to the second semiconductor switch 12.

At the time of switching the block 18, the voltage drop from 1 to O from the output of the first control unit 3 goes simultaneously to the first reset unit 23, which generates one pulse confirming the state of the memory block 18 and the first block 16

alarm, announcing the shutdown of the main current source sound and light signal (figure 2).

At the same time, with the inverse output

O with I enters the driver of the second block 19 alarm (figure 2). The shaper produces a single pulse of negative polarity.

Secondly, it allows the passage of pulses from the generator 21 through the fourth control unit 15 to the fourth semiconductor switch 14. A load wiring terminal 8 through the second 12 and fourth 14 semiconductor switches and the second control unit 11 is connected to the backup current source 9.

The change in the state of the memory unit and the connection of terminal 8 to the backup Current source also occurs if a short circuit occurs in the first 4 or third 6 semiconductor switches or circuit wiring from terminal 1 to connect the main current source to terminal 8 for load connections.

In the event of a short circuit of the first semiconductor switch 4, the third control unit 22 outputs a signal that simultaneously arrives at the first reset unit 23, which generates a pulse that changes the state of the memory unit 18 through the first combination circuit 17 to the opposite, i.e. , such that from its direct output O it prohibits the cooling of the control pulses from the generator 21 through the first control unit 5 to the first 4 semiconductor switch, and to the first signaling unit 16, in which the second 30 RS trigger (Fig. 2) receives such a state, when its inverse output is present 1, allows signals from the pulse generator 21 to enter the light 32 node and audible 33 alarms, and direct output 0 to prevent signals from the pulse generator 21 through the third block 7 control on the third paragraph lupro- vodnikovsh switch 6.

Thus, when the first semiconductor switch 4 is short-circuited, the third semiconductor switch 6 is closed.

In the event of a short circuit of the third semiconductor switch 6, the fourth control unit 24 outputs a signal that simultaneously arrives

to the first reset unit 23, (normalizing

pulse changing state of the block

18 memory through the first circuit 17 of the volume 55 ™ to the opposite.

Dineni to the opposite, i.e. . "- i -,"

such, when from its direct output

O Prohibits the passage of pulses.

control from generator 21 through

Turning off the voltage source 9 of the current, when the load is connected, the soy also changes the state

output 1 enters the 5th control and gives a pulse propagation from 21 to the first semiconductor

0

five

50

5 ™ on the opposite.

. "- i -,"

the first control unit 5 to the first semiconductor switch 4 and to the first signaling unit 16, in which the second 30 RS flip-flop (Fig.2) assumes such a state when I is present at its inverse output, allowing the passage of signals from the pulse generator 21 to the input light node 32 and audible 33 alarms, and at the direct output - O, prohibiting the passage of signals from the pulse generator 21 through the third control unit 7 to the third semiconductor switch 6.

Thus, when the third semiconductor switch 6 is short-circuited, the first semiconductor switch 4 is closed.

When the circuit is broken from the terminal for connecting the main current source to terminal 8 for connecting the load, the voltage drop from 1 to O of the first control unit 3 goes simultaneously to the first reset unit 23, which generates a pulse that changes the state of the unit 18 through the first unification circuit 17 memory on the opposite, i.e. in such a state that the PULSE control from the generator 21 is not passed to the third semiconductor switch 6, and the first signaling unit 16, in which the signal 1 is generated using the diagnostic unit 34 (Fig. 2), allowing the pulse to pass from the generator 21 to light and sound alarms in the event of a breakdown for any reason of the power circuit in the presence of voltage on the terminal of the corresponding source.

Similarly, the device also operates when the second 12 and fourth 6 semiconductor switches are short-circuited and the circuit from terminal 9 is connected to connect a backup current source to terminal 8 to connect the load, if terminal 8 is to be connected; load connected to the backup current source. .

Turning off the voltage on the backup current source 9, if the terminal 8 for connecting the load is connected to it, also changes the state of the 18-ps forward block

output 1 enters the first control unit 5 and gives permission for the passage of pulses from the generator 21 to the first semiconductor switch

five

0

reader 4. It opens. The voltage drop from 0 to 1 sets the first 29 and second 30 RS-flip-flops (Fig.2.) Of the signaling unit 16 to a state when, at their direct outputs, there are logical units arriving at the element 31, the output of which permits the passage pulses from the generator 21 through the third control unit 7 to the third semiconductor switch 6. Terminal 8 for connecting the load through the first 4 and third 6 semiconductor switches and the first control unit 3 is connected to terminal 1 for connecting the main current source.

Then the cycle of operation is repeated.

The logical elements of the device are powered from two rectifiers connected to one load through the power supply diodes. One of the switches is connected to the main current source 1, the other to the backup source 9 of the current 220 V 50 Hz. When one of the current sources is turned off, the power supply circuit of the logic circuits is not disturbed.

Claims (2)

1.A device for automatic switching of AC sources, containing a terminal for connecting a primary source, a first semiconductor switch equipped with a first control unit and a first control unit connecting the control input of the first semiconductor switch to the first memory output, a terminal for connecting a backup source , the second semiconductor switch, —the supply of a second control unit, connecting the control input of the second semiconductor switch with the second memory unit, a terminal for connecting the load and the first alarm unit, characterized in that, in order to increase speed and reliability, it is additionally equipped with voltage sensors of the main and backup sources, the inputs of which are connected to the terminals for connecting the corresponding sources and the outputs to the second inputs of the first and second combining circuits and the common inputs of the first 0 five 0 5 0 five 0 45 0 55 and the second signaling unit, respectively, a third semiconductor switch connected between the first semiconductor switch and a terminal for connecting the load, a third control unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first signaling unit, and the output to the control input of the third semiconductor switch and to the fourth unit control, the output of which is connected to the third inputs of the first reset unit and the first alarm unit, the third control unit, the input of which is connected to the control the input of the first semiconductor switch and the output of the first control unit, and the output with the second inputs of the first reset unit and the first alarm unit, the first control unit is connected between the terminal for connecting the main source H and the first semiconductor switch, and the information output of the first control unit is connected to the first inputs of the first reset unit and the first alarm unit, the output of the first reset unit is connected to the first input of the first combining circuit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the pa block and the first output of the latter is with the second input of the first control unit and with the fourth input of the first alarm unit, the first inputs of the first, second, third and fourth control units and the fifth inputs of the first and second ignition blocks are connected to a pulse generator, the device is also equipped a fourth semiconductor switch, which connects the terminals for connecting a backup source and load through the second semiconductor switch connected in series and the second control unit, the information output A second control unit is connected to the first inputs of the second reset unit and the second alarm unit, the control input of the second semiconductor switch is connected to the output of the second control unit and to the input of the fifth control unit, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the second reset unit and the second alarm unit, the control input of the fourth semiconductor switch is connected to the output of the fourth control unit and the input of the sixth the control unit whose output is connected to the third inputs of the second reset unit and the second signaling unit, the fourth input of the second signaling unit is connected to the second input of the second control unit and the second output of the memory unit, and the output to the second input of the fourth control unit, the output of the second reset unit connected to the first input of the second combining circuit. 2. The software device of claim 1, characterized by teM, that the first (second) signaling unit contains a driver, whose input is the fourth input of the unit, and the output connected to the S-inputs of the first and second RS-flip-flops, the direct outputs of which are connected to the inputs of element 2I, audio and light signaling nodes, the inputs of which are connected in pairs in parallel and connected respectively to the inverse output of the first RS-flip-flop the trigger, to the output of the diagnostic node and to the fifth block input, the R input of the first RS trigger is the second input of the block, the R input of the second RS trigger is the third input of the block, the first and the second inputs of the diagnostic node are respectively the sixth and the first inputs of the block, and you od 2I element - the output unit.