RU84959U1 - TRAINING SIMULATOR FOR TRAINING OPERATORS OF PORTABLE ANTI-AIR MISSILE COMPLEXES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A simulator for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems, comprising a simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, including a simulator of a launch tube with an entire target mounted on its aiming axis with a light indicator of "capture", a simulator of a ground power source and a trigger simulator docked to a launch tube simulator with a block of starting devices and a sound emitter, an electronic computer installed in the instructor's console as part of a computer with connected to it with a mouse, a mouse and a video monitor, characterized in that the first and second transceiver modules are inserted into it, installed respectively in the instructor’s console and on the launch tube simulator, in front of which a camera is installed, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the aiming axis, the second calculator, installed in the simulator of the starting mechanism and including a processor module with a television target capture device connected to it, a target capture analysis unit and a spatial system orientation, a display module installed in place of the sighting front sight of the launch tube simulator and connected to one of the outputs of the processor module, the other outputs of which are connected respectively to the light indicator of the rear sight of the launch tube simulator and sound emitter, while the inputs of the processor module of the second calculator are additionally connected respectively to the camera, a ground power source simulator, a spatial orientation system, a starter unit and a second transceiver module, and the first

Description

The proposed utility model relates to technical training aids and can be used to train operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

A known simulator comprising a launch tube with a mechanical sight and a target capture indicator light, a trigger mechanism docked to the launch tube with a launcher block and sound emitter, a ground power source simulator, an electronic computer installed at the instructor's workplace, and a simulator operational environment, made in the form of a dome, on the spherical screen of which the phono-target environment is projected by means of projectors (see, for example, the simulator “Dome” - developer and manufacturer Applicant FSUE KBM Kolomna, Moscow Region.).

When training on the simulator, the operator (or several operators) is inside the dome and, through the sight of the launch tube, finds the target, accompanies it and simulates the launch of a rocket. The operator’s actions are controlled by the instructor by means of an electronic computer, with the help of which the training tasks are set according to the shooting course.

However, this simulator has significant weight and size characteristics, requires large areas for its placement in classroom conditions.

To simulate the span of a target on a large spherical screen, the use of several (2-3) projectors is required, which leads to the need to dock them together, which complicates and increases the cost of the simulator as a whole. In addition, the simulator does not provide control over the actions of the operator (s) in assessing whether the target is in the zone or outside the launch zone.

The closest analogue to the prototype is a simulator containing an electronic computer installed at the instructor’s workplace, a simulator of a launch tube with a sensor for setting it to its normal position, a simulator of a launch mechanism with a block of triggers and a spatial sensor connected via a switch, logical elements AND and keys with inputs and outputs of an electronic computer, as well as an indicator, an acoustic system and a second spatial position sensor, mounted on Birmingham trained and connected to other inputs-outputs of a computer (see., eg, utility model №23493 of, cells. F41G 3/26, 2002, Bull. №17).

The simulator allows virtually using the synthesized phono-target environment formed on the operator’s indicator to conduct instructor-controlled training to bring the simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system to a combat position, search for targets, tracking and simulated launch.

However, this simulator has a number of significant drawbacks. So aiming in this simulator is carried out only on the ring fly, formed on the indicator of the operator, while on the standard launch tube the aiming axis is additionally equipped entirely with a light indicator of "capture" of the target, which leads to the instillation of incorrect skills in aiming and control "capture" of the target.

The simulator also does not provide control of the operator’s actions to assess whether the target is in the zone or outside the launch zone, as this requires a course of fire.

The simulator does not have the ability to train operators on real goals (aircraft, rocket launcher, radio-controlled model of the aircraft, etc.), which does not allow it to be used, for example, at the final (control) stages of training in a real background-target situation, as well as in parts of conducting tactical exercises and developing shooting skills as part of the department of anti-aircraft gunners.

The authors were faced with the task of creating a competitive simulator with wide functional capabilities for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems using both synthesized and real phono-target situations and providing objective control of operators' actions at all stages of training.

The problem is solved by introducing additional devices into the simulator, their connections between themselves and the known blocks.

Specifically, the problem was solved due to the fact that the simulator containing a simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, including a simulator of a launch tube with a target mounted entirely on its aiming axis with a light indicator of "capture", a simulator of a ground power source and a trigger simulator docked to a launch tube simulator with a block of starting devices and a sound emitter, an electronic computer installed in the instructor's console as part of a calculator with a keyboard connected to it, a manipulator Ohm “mouse” and a video monitor, the first and second transceiver modules are installed, installed respectively in the instructor’s console and on the launch tube simulator, in front of which a camera is installed, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the aim axis, the second calculator installed in the trigger simulator and includes a processor module with a television target capture device connected to it, a target capture analysis unit and a spatial orientation system, a display module mounted in place e of the sighting sight of the launch tube simulator and connected to one of the outputs of the processor module, the other outputs of which are connected respectively to the light indicator of the rear sight of the launch tube simulator and sound emitter, while the inputs of the processor module of the second calculator are additionally connected respectively to the camera, the simulator of the ground power source, and the spatial system orientation, the starter unit and the second transceiver module, and the first transceiver module is connected to one of the inputs to numerator of a computer.

For a light and sound simulation of a missile descent, a glass with an electrical contact is additionally installed in the rear part of the launch tube simulator for installing a pyro cartridge. The electrical contact is connected to one of the outputs of the processor module.

To increase the effectiveness of training, the simulator is additionally equipped with a dynamically similar airplane simulator with an autopilot and a radio modem, a second radio modem is installed at the instructor's workplace and connected to one of the inputs of a computer calculator.

The proposed simulator has a set of essential features unknown from the level of technical means of this purpose, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "Novelty" for the utility model.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated using the drawings, where:

- figure 1 - presents a block diagram of a simulator;

- figure 2 is a General view of the sighting front sight, formed on the screen of the display module (scale 4: 1);

- figure 3 is a diagram of the standard trigger hook block launchers;

- figure 4 is a General view of the simulator (radio modems are not conventionally shown in the drawing);

- figure 5 is a General view of the simulator MANPADS;

- 6 - the workplace of the instructor.

The simulator (Fig. 1) contains a simulator 1 of a portable anti-aircraft missile system (MANPADS), a simulator 2 of a launch tube with a whole 3 located on it with a light indicator of "capture" of the target, with a simulator 4 of a ground power source (NPC) docked to it and a simulator 5 the trigger mechanism and mounted in the front and rear parts of the launch tube simulator 2, respectively, a camera 6 and a glass 7 with an electrical contact for installing a squib.

The trigger simulator 5 comprises a trigger unit 8, a sound emitter 9 and a second calculator 10 as a part of the processor module 11 and the target capture television set 12, the target capture analysis unit 13 and the spatial orientation system 14 for measuring angular positions of the simulator 1 MANPADS in azimuth and elevation.

A display module 15 and a second transceiver module 16 are also mounted on the launch tube simulator 2.

The instructor’s workstation 17 contains an electronic computer 18 (computer) as part of a calculator 19 with a keyboard 20 connected to it, a mouse 21 and a video monitor 22, and a first transceiver module 23.

In addition, the simulator is equipped with a dynamically similar simulator 24 of an airplane with an autopilot, satellite navigation system and a radio modem (not shown in the drawings), as well as a second radio modem 25 installed at the instructor's workplace 17 and connected to the calculator 19.

As a trigger unit 8, the simulator uses a standard trigger (see figure 3) with a group of contacts to simulate the launching of the homing head (GOS) of the rocket after the "capture" of the target and simulate the launch, as well as a toggle switch not shown in the drawing to simulate inclusion or turn off the ground radio "friend or foe" and a button to simulate turning off target selection. As a sound emitter 9, a standard TA-56M telephone capsule is used to simulate sound signals recorded in the memory of processor module 11, the frequency of which is different and corresponds to the moments of acceleration of the rotor of the GOS gyroscope, “capture” of the target, sartering of the GOS and the rocket from the launch tube.

Camera 6, which can be used, for example, with the CNB-AP800KC-1 color camera from SOLING, Moscow, is mounted parallel to the optical axis of the launch tube simulator 2 and has a field of view similar to the viewing angle of the launch tube optical sight.

The information exchange of the MANPADS simulator 1 with the computer 18 of the instructor’s workstation 17 is carried out in the simulator using transceivers 16 and 23 over a high-speed Ethernet code-link in the duplex mode in the 2.4 GHz frequency range with a transmission range of at least 100 m.

As transceivers 16 and 23 can be used, for example, FL BLUETOOTH AR modules of PHCENIX CONTACT, Moscow, providing the connection of up to seven modules to one radio interface.

The simulator 4 of the ground power source includes a button with a lever to simulate power-up of the simulator 1 MANPADS. The operating time of the simulator 4 NPC is set programmatically by the second calculator 10, with which it is performed:

- measurement of elevation and azimuth values of the MANPADS simulator 1 using the spatial orientation system 14;

receiving and transmitting image signals of a real or synthesized phono-target environment to display it on the screen of the display module 15;

- reception and delivery of discrete signals;

- reception and transmission of information over the Ethernet code line;

- overlay on the displayed television image of the sighting ring front sight (see figure 2), mnemonic symbols of air targets and service information;

- implementation of an algorithm for automatic “capture” of synthesized and real targets;

- implementation of the algorithm for the analysis of firing in the zone or outside the launch zone;

- loading panorama of the synthesized area;

- the issuance of sound signals recorded in the memory of the processor module 11 to the sound emitter 9;

- issuing a signal to the electrical contact cup 7 to detonate the squib when simulating a missile launch.

The television machine 12 is designed to automatically generate a signal about the "capture" of the target when it falls into the field of view of the front sight (see figure 2) of the sighting device of the launch tube simulator 2 and is implemented on the basis of the well-known algorithm of the television machine to "capture" the target in a television tracking system ( see, for example, AS No. 242413 of the USSR, 1985), the essence of which is to isolate the extreme values of the video signal of the television image of the target coming from the camera 6, or the virtual image from the computer 19 through transmitting modules 23 and 16 to the processor module 11 within the field of view of the mask of the optical sight (see Fig. 2) of the launch tube simulator 2, cutting off the background component of the video signal with subsequent determination of the linear dimensions of the target in pixels and its coordinates relative to the center of the field of view of the mask of the optical sight .

Using block 13 analysis of "capture" of the target, an assessment is made of whether the target is in the zone or outside the zone when aiming to form the correct skills for operators to determine the zones of destruction and launch by various types of targets and at different ranges. This analysis is based on a comparison of the linear dimensions of the target in azimuth and elevation (L _az. And L _brain ), calculated at the time of "capture" of the target by a television machine 12, with linear dimensions P and C of the aiming sight (see figure 2) and depending on the mode selected by the operator (automatic or manual) and the type of launch (towards or after). So, for example, under the conditions:

- at С≥L _az. ≥P or C≥L _ym. ≥Р in automatic mode when starting towards the signal “in the zone” is generated;

- at or during start-up in manual mode, a “in zone” signal is also generated, etc. (see, for example, the Operating Instructions for MANPADS 9K38, section 11.8 “Launching a Rocket”, publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, stamp n / s).

The implementation of the automatic capture function of the synthesized target is also carried out in the television machine 12 with the additional use of system 14, which provides orientation of the virtual target and the MANPADS simulator 1 in space. As the system 14, small-sized gyroscopes installed in the calculator 10 are used. The “capture” signal is thus generated when the spatial coordinates of the synthesized target in azimuth and elevation angle specified by the software in the processor module 11 coincide within the aiming fly (see FIG. 2) with the corresponding coordinates of simulator 1 MANPADS. At the same time, the moment the power is turned on for the simulator 1 MANPADS on the simulator 4 NPC is taken.

As a calculator 10 and a display module 15, the simulator uses the Ulyanovsk city of Ulyanovsk developed by OJSC Ulyanovsk Design Bureau of Instrument Making (OJSC UKBP) according to the technical specifications of OJSC Tulatchmash, and MPR-25 and MDTs-7 module, respectively. The video image displayed on the screen of the display module 15 is superimposed with the image of the sighting front sight (see Fig. 2) formed by the calculator 10, the coordinates of which are similar to the structural arrangement of the sighting front sight of the standard launch tube.

As a dynamically similar simulator of 24 aircraft and radio modem 25 of the ground control system, the simulator uses a set of equipment E25 developed by ZAO ENIKS in Kazan. The simulator 24 is controlled through a radio modem 25 and a computer 18 using special software installed in the computer 18 and designed to prepare the flight route and control the aircraft in flight.

Using computer 18, the formation of a synthesized phono-target environment is carried out, the simulator operating modes are selected and operators are trained in combat work skills to determine the type of target and its movement parameters (range, course, speed, parameter, altitude), zone boundaries and launch moment are determined performing capture operations

the target, its maintenance and launch both on the oncoming and catch-up courses in manual or automatic modes.

As a calculator 19 and a video monitor 22 in the computer 18, made in the form of a personal electronic computer, the simulator uses respectively a UVC calculator CPC501-ATM-201AS and a 19-inch monitor FPM-3191GA - supplier of NPF Dolomant c. Moscow.

The simulator can be operated in three main modes of task execution:

- on a synthesized phono-target environment;

- for synthesized targets in a real background environment;

- for real goals (or simulators of goals) in a real background environment.

The formation of the synthesized phono-target environment is carried out by software calculator 19.

The selection of the appropriate operating mode of the simulator and the launch of tasks by the instructor on the video monitor 22 using a computer 18. In all operating modes on the video monitor 22 are displayed: the positions of the controls of the simulator 1 MANPADS, all actions performed by the operator (s), and the corresponding signals, transmitted over the code radio line by means of transceiver modules 16 and 23, as well as the results of tasks (“your own” - “alien”, “in the zone” or “not in the zone”, etc.), errors made.

In the mode of synthesized phono-target environment, the flight path of the synthesized target, its speed, altitude, and range are additionally displayed on the screen of video monitor 22.

After choosing the training mode and task, the instructor informs the operator (or operators) about the expected sector of the target’s appearance, about the background situation in the target area, about the possibility of the enemy using optical or thermal noise, about the necessary switch position (“own” - “alien”, “selector” ») On the simulator 5 trigger.

The operator prepares the MANPADS simulator 1 for combat work according to the "Shooting and Combat Rules" on the missile system, removes the MANPADS simulator 1 from the stand, puts them on the shoulder and, when the target appears on the screen of the display module 15, determines its type, selects the “catch-up” operating mode or “towards” and the type of start-up is “manual” or “automatic”. After that, the NPC simulator 4 is activated by sharply turning its lever (not shown in the drawing) until it stops, while the corresponding sound signal is received from the processor module 11 into the sound emitter 9.

Next, the operator performs the aiming, and when the target enters the field of view of the sighting front sight (see Fig. 2), the television machine 12 generates a “capture” signal of the target, which then goes to the processor module 11, in which sound and light information signals are generated, respectively in the emitter 9 and on the indicator light of the rear sight 3.

If the light and the corresponding audio information signal has not disappeared, the operator transfers the trigger (see FIG. 3) of the trigger unit 8 from the starting position to the stop (automatic mode) or to the middle position (manual mode), while from the processor module 11 to the emitter 9 receives a sound frequency signal corresponding to these modes.

After about 1 sec. after the trigger is pressed all the way, a simulated launch and rocket descent should occur. If at the same time all the operator’s actions were performed correctly, then the “start inhibit” signal removed from the launch hook (see Fig. 3), the processor module 11 generates a signal for detonating the light-sound pyro cartridge in the glass 7, which corresponds to the moment of rocket descent.

In the process of practicing combat operations, the operator also, based on the conditions for fulfilling the task set by the instructor, performs operations to assess the target in the “alien” - “alien” part and to set up false thermal noise by installing additional controls of the 8 launcher unit in appropriate positions.

So, for example, when shooting, when the target is “own”, at which the indicator light of the rear sight 3 flashes with an intermittent frequency, the operator must perform a retargeting operation in the presence of other targets or stop working. In both cases, the operator must return the trigger to its original position.

When simulating starts in the absence of false thermal targets and for low-emitting targets (UAVs, etc.), after the simulator 4 of the NPC is activated, the operator must turn off the selector by pressing the corresponding button in block 8 of the starting devices.

Regardless of how the background-target environment is formed, the actions of the operator in all modes are similar to those described.

When working on a real goal on a real background, for example, using an airplane simulator 24, the instructor, using a special program recorded in the calculator 19, prepares the route with reference to the terrain. After the simulator 24 of the aircraft is launched, its flight is controlled as follows: using the on-board satellite navigation system, the coordinates of the aircraft are determined, which are transmitted via the reverse (from board to the ground) communication computer 19 to the computer 19 where they are processed and displayed on the video monitor 22 in the form of a flight path. Next, the control program of the calculator 19 after processing the parameters generates a command, which is transmitted through the radio modem 25 on board the aircraft. The program is controlled by the instructor through the control interface. If necessary, the instructor can transfer control of the aircraft from automatic to manual mode. Regardless of the flight direction control mode, the instructor can issue commands to change the flight altitude, issue a command to stop the flight, and a return command to the starting point throughout the flight. When working on a simulator 24 of an airplane or for another real purpose on a real terrain, the video signal of the background-target situation enters the processor module 11 from the camera 6.

The training of the operator (s) using a dynamically similar simulator of 24 aircraft is usually carried out at the final (control) stages of training of anti-aircraft gunners of portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

The results of the operator’s actions to bring the MANPADS simulator 1 to the combat position, search for targets, escort and launch are recorded in the computer database 19 for subsequent evaluation and statistics of the training process.

Compared with the known ones, the proposed simulator has wide functional and methodological capabilities, it allows training on various goals both virtually and in real-world conditions with the assessment of launch zones, as required by the shooting course.

The simulator allows you to increase the number of simultaneously trained up to seven operators without any constructive modifications of the simulator, conduct and play various tactical situations on the ground, complicate and increase the software.

Claims (3)

1. A simulator for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems, comprising a simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, including a simulator of a launch tube with an entire target mounted on its aiming axis with a light indicator of "capture", a simulator of a ground power source and a trigger simulator docked to a launch tube simulator with a block of starting devices and a sound emitter, an electronic computer installed in the instructor's console as part of a computer with connected to it with a mouse, a mouse and a video monitor, characterized in that the first and second transceiver modules are inserted into it, installed respectively in the instructor’s console and on the launch tube simulator, in front of which a camera is installed, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the aiming axis, the second calculator, installed in the simulator of the starting mechanism and including a processor module with a television target capture device connected to it, a target capture analysis unit and a spatial system orientation, a display module installed in place of the sighting front sight of the launch tube simulator and connected to one of the outputs of the processor module, the other outputs of which are connected respectively to the light indicator of the rear sight of the launch tube simulator and sound emitter, while the inputs of the processor module of the second calculator are additionally connected respectively to the camera, a ground power source simulator, a spatial orientation system, a starter unit and a second transceiver module, and the first emoperedayuschy module is connected to one of the inputs of the calculator of a computer. 2. A simulator for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems according to claim 1, characterized in that in the rear of the launch tube simulator there is an additional glass with an electrical contact for installing a squib in it connected to one of the outputs of the processor module. 3. The simulator for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a dynamically similar simulator of an aircraft with an autopilot and a radio modem, while the second radio modem is installed at the instructor’s workstation and connected to one of the inputs of the electronic computer calculator cars.