RU2773419C1 - Combat vehicle training simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of military equipment and concerns a training simulator of a combat vehicle. The simulator contains a launch tube simulator, in the front part of which a simulator of the homing head is installed, and in the rear part there is an on-board battery, a transceiver and a cup with an electric contact for installing an exploder in it. On the racks of the mechanical sight there are a bead and a rear sight with light indicators of target capture and interference, as well as a bracket for attaching a display module to it. On top of the front part of the launch tube simulator, there is a connector for docking a ground-based radio interrogator simulator with a coding unit simulator docked to it. From below, a ground power source simulator with a video camera installed in it and a launcher mechanism simulator, including a block of launchers, a sound emitter and a spatial orientation system, are docked to the launch tube simulator. In addition, a single-board computer with an SSD signal drive, a video capture board, a microcontroller and a matching device are introduced into the launcher mechanism simulator.

EFFECT: expanding the functionality of the device and providing the possibility of objective control over the actions of the operator in all training modes.

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Description

The present invention relates to technical training aids and can be used in training aids for training and instilling combat skills in operators of man-portable anti-aircraft missile systems of the RF Ministry of Defense both in a classroom at the initial stages of training using a virtual background-target environment, and in the final stages of training in real terrain conditions for simulated and real air targets, as well as in the conditions of tactical exercises.

Known simulator of a combat weapon, containing a launch tube with a rocket model installed in it with a starting engine, an optical-electronic infrared radiation receiver, front and rear racks of a mechanical sight with a front sight located on them, respectively, and entirely with a light indicator of target capture, a connector for connecting the trigger, a contact device for electrical docking with a starting motor electrically connected to the docking connector of the trigger, a digital signal processing unit that, together with an optical-electronic receiver, performs the functions of a homing head, the output of the digital signal processing unit is connected to the trigger, while the rocket model is made inertial, the sighting axis of the sight is parallel to the optical axis of the optoelectronic receiver (see RF patent No. G.).

However, the well-known simulator of a combat weapon has limited use, is characterized by low functional and methodological capabilities, since it is used mainly for the psychophysiological training of MANPADS operators during training and practical launches of a weight-weight model of a missile and its fall onto solid ground near the operator.

In addition, the well-known simulator uses components from the regular combat equipment, which greatly increases the cost of the simulator and requires constant replenishment of its models of missiles and starting engines in the process of training and operation.

The lack of the possibility of fixing an objective and comprehensive control over the actions of operators during the work of a well-known simulator in a training mode does not allow to properly develop the skills of combat work of operators on a collision and overtaking course, in manual and automatic modes, using external target designation tools, in the modes "own - alien”, as well as by assessing whether the target is in the zone or outside the launch zone, as required by the firing course.

These shortcomings significantly reduce the quality of combat training of MANPADS operators on a well-known simulator of a combat weapon.

The closest in its technical essence to the claimed technical solution is a man-portable anti-aircraft missile system simulator, containing a launch tube simulator with a front sight mounted on its aiming axis and entirely with light indicators for target acquisition and interference, in the front part - a transceiver, a display module mounted on a bracket , and an infrared homing head simulator, and in the rear part - a glass with an electrical contact for installing a squib in it, docked to the launch tube simulator, a ground power source simulator with a video camera installed in it, and a trigger simulator with a block of triggers, a sound emitter and a calculator as part processor module and connected to it by a spatial orientation system and interconnected by a television automatic target capture and a target capture analysis unit, while a block of starting devices, a sound emitter, light indicators of target capture and interference, electrical contact, the target acquisition analysis unit, the ground power source simulator, the transceiver module and the display module are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the calculator processor module, the video camera output of the ground power source simulator is connected to the input of the target acquisition TV machine, the output of the infrared homing head simulator is connected to the second input of the analysis unit target acquisition, while the longitudinal axes of the video camera of the ground power source simulator and the infrared homing head simulator are aligned with each other and parallel to the aiming axis of the launch tube simulator, the ground radio interrogator simulator installed in the front part of the launch tube simulator from above, with the coding block simulator docked to it and connected to one of the inputs of the processor module, while the bracket for attaching the display module to the launch tube simulator is made with the possibility of its repeated removal and installation on the launch tube simulator (see Fig. RF patent No. 152571 "Simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system" class. F41G 3/26 dated 07/01/2014, publ. bul. No. 16 dated 06/10/2015).

The specified simulator has wide functional and methodological capabilities for training MANPADS operators at all stages of training, both in a virtual background-target environment, and in real terrain conditions for simulated and real air targets. However, it does not allow assessing the level of preparedness of operators at various stages of training, since it does not provide fixation of the results of objective control over the actions of operators and. remembering this information for later consideration and analysis.

In addition, this simulator requires direct connection via a connecting cable to the instructor's workplace, which also limits its use, for example, to participate in tactical military exercises while simulating the repulsion of attacks by air targets on various objects.

The authors were faced with the task, while maintaining the advantages of a well-known simulator, to create a competitive training simulator of a combat weapon with broad functional capabilities for training MANPADS operators at all stages of training, as well as with the possibility of participating in various military tactical exercises with objective control without spending regular combat weapons.

The task was solved by introducing additional devices into the training simulator of the combat weapon and their connections between themselves and with the known components of the simulator.

Specifically, the problem is solved due to the fact that in a training simulator of a combat weapon containing a launch tube simulator with an anti-aircraft missile simulator installed inside it, made in the form of a hollow pipe, in the front part of which an infrared homing head simulator is installed, and in the rear part - an on-board battery, a transceiver and a glass with an electrical contact for installing a squib in it, on the front and rear posts of the mechanical sight of the launch tube simulator, there are respectively a front sight and a rear sight with light indicators of target capture and interference, as well as a bracket for fixing a display module on it, made with the possibility of its multiple removal and installation, on top in front of the launch tube simulator there is a connector for docking the ground radio interrogator simulator with the coding unit simulator docked to it, from below the simulator of the ground power source with the video camera installed in it and the launch simulator are docked to the launch tube simulator th mechanism, which includes a block of triggers, a sound emitter and a system of spatial orientation of a training simulator of a combat weapon as part of an accelerometer module and an electronic compass module, the longitudinal axes of the video camera and the infrared homing head simulator are aligned with each other and with the aiming axis of the launch tube simulator, into the launcher simulator mechanism, a single-board computer and an SSD-storage of signals connected to it, a video capture board, a microcontroller and a matching device are introduced, to the inputs / outputs of which are connected: a ground-based radio interrogator simulator, an infrared homing head simulator, an electric contact of a squib cartridge, a video camera, a block of starting devices, a sound emitter , the transceiver and light indicators of target acquisition and interference, the outputs of the accelerometer module and the electronic compass module of the spatial orientation system of the combat weapon simulator are connected to additional inputs of the microcontroller, while the video output of single boards host computer is connected to the video input of the display module.

In the rear part of the anti-aircraft missile simulator, a navigation receiver is additionally installed, the output of which is connected to an additional input of the matching device, and an additional connector is installed at the bottom of the trigger mechanism simulator for recharging the on-board battery and connecting a single-board computer to an external Ethernet local area network.

The proposed training simulator of a combat weapon is characterized by new functional and methodological capabilities that make it possible to qualitatively and objectively conduct training and assess the level of preparedness of MANPADS operators at various stages of training without the consumption of standard combat weapons.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawings, where:

- in Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a combat weapon training simulator;

- in Fig, 2 - a training simulator of a combat weapon on a stand. The training simulator of a combat weapon (Fig. 1) contains a launch tube simulator 1, along the aiming axis of which, on the front and rear pillars (not shown conventionally in the drawing), there are front sight 2 and rear sight 3, respectively, with light indicators 4 and 5 of target capture and interference, and also the display module 6 mounted on a removable bracket (not shown conventionally in the drawing). Top in front of the launch tube simulator 1 has a connector (conventionally not shown in the drawing) for docking the simulator 7 of the ground-based radio interrogator with the simulator 8 of the coding unit docked to it.

Inside the launch tube simulator 1, an anti-aircraft missile simulator 9 is installed, made in the form of a hollow pipe, in the front part of which an infrared homing head simulator 10 is installed, and in the rear part there is a glass 11 with an electrical contact for installing a squib, an on-board battery 12, a transceiver 13 and navigation receiver 14.

Docking of the simulator 1 launch tube with the simulator 9 anti-aircraft missiles is carried out by means of a detachable connection (conventionally not shown in the drawing).

From below, to the simulator 1 of the launch tube, a simulator 15 of a ground power source with a video camera 16 installed in it and a simulator 17 of the trigger mechanism are docked.

The trigger simulator 17 includes a trigger block 18, made in the form of a standard trigger with a group of contacts for unlocking the missile homing head after the target has been captured and the missile launched, a sound emitter 19, a spatial orientation system 20 of the combat weapon training simulator as part of the accelerometer module 21 and module 22 of the electronic compass.

Additionally, a single-board computer 23 and an SSD-drive 24 of signals connected to it, a video capture board 25, a microcontroller 26 and a matching device 27 are introduced into the simulator 17 of the trigger mechanism.

To the inputs/outputs of the matching device 27 connected simulator 7 ground-based radio interrogator (NRZ), infrared simulator 10 homing head, electrical contact glass And squib, video camera 16, unit 18 starting devices, sound emitter 19, microcontroller 26, transceiver 13, navigation receiver 14, light indicators 4 and 5 target acquisition and interference in the field of view of the homing head.

The outputs of the accelerometer module 21 and the electronic compass module 22 are connected to additional inputs of the microcontroller 26.

An additional connector 28 is installed at the bottom of the simulator 17 of the trigger mechanism for recharging the on-board battery 12 and connecting the single-board computer 23 to an external Ethernet local area network.

To ensure the required accuracy of aiming the training simulator of a combat weapon at the target and stable target acquisition, the aiming axis of the simulator 1 of the launch tube is aligned with the longitudinal axes of the video camera 16 and the infrared simulator 10 of the homing head.

As a video camera 16 in the training simulator of a combat weapon, a ZBF-51Z27F color camera with automatic focusing is used to change the field of view of the video camera, since the MANPADS in service use GOS with different fields of view.

As an infrared simulator 10 GOS in the training simulator, the IYAELZ.624.154 GOS simulator (developer - Tulatochmash JSC) was used, which also has the ability to change the field of view through the use of a manual focus zoom lens.

The information exchange of a training simulator of a combat weapon with an instructor's workplace or with a command post during tactical exercises is carried out by means of a transceiver 13 via a high-speed code line in duplex mode in the permitted 2.4 GHz band and a transmission range of at least 2 km. As the transceiver 13 in the claimed training simulator used wireless communication module (router) Mikrotik Metal 2SHPn. To determine the location coordinates of the training simulator of a combat weapon during, for example, tactical exercises or when working with standard target designation tools, the GLONASS / GPS GALS-PM navigation receiver (developed by JSC NIIMA Progress, Moscow) was used in the training simulator of a weapon.

On the simulator 1 of the launch tube, similarly to the regular launch tube, there is additionally installed the “Afterward” button and the “Nakol” handle to turn on the ground power source, and in the simulator 17 of the launcher, there is a micro-toggle switch for turning on / off the ground radio interrogator “friend or foe” and the “Small” button to turn off the GOS selection for a small target (in the drawing, these buttons, the handle and the micro-tumbler are conventionally not shown).

On the simulator 7 NRZ, similarly to the regular NRZ, a microtumbler is additionally installed to turn on the simulator 8 of the coding unit, the microtumbler "KD-KP" and the light indicator "Faulty." NRZ (in the drawing, microtoggle switches and a light indicator are conventionally not shown).

As a sound emitter 19, a regular telephone capsule is used to simulate sound signals recorded in the memory of the SSD-drive 24 and corresponding to various modes of operation of the training simulator of a combat weapon.

On the basis of a single-board computer 23, an information-computing complex is implemented for collecting and processing control data and interaction of all components of the combat weapon simulator, as well as for displaying objective information about the readiness of operators at various stages of training.

On a single-board computer 23 installed special software for the implementation of various educational tasks in a classroom and in the field.

As a single-board computer 23 in the training simulator of a combat weapon, a high-performance small-sized single-board computer of the MIO-2360LZ22GS8A1E type with dimensions of 100x72x10 mm was used, which made it possible to place it and additionally introduced devices within the simulator 17 of the trigger mechanism.

To expand the functionality of the single-board computer 23, a SATA-II interface is installed for connecting an external flash memory.

With the help of the video capture board 25, which is used as the DXP-7031E board, the analog image from the video camera 16 is converted through the matching device 27 into a digital video stream, which in the single-board computer 23, according to the well-known photocontrast image processing algorithm with background clipping, extracts the target capture signal when finding it in the field of view of the GOS (see, for example, patent No. 84959, class F41G3 / 26, 2009, bull. No. 20 - developer JSC "Tulatochmash").

A similar function is performed by the infrared simulator 10 GOS, which generates a capture signal, for example, a dynamically similar aircraft simulator (DPIS) with a modulated infrared emitter installed on it.

The use of an infrared simulator 10 GOS is due to the fact that when training on small-sized DPIS, the known algorithm for processing a photocontrast image, due to the small size of the target, does not provide stable target acquisition.

In addition, when training operators on real targets, a thermal imaging receiver can be used instead of an infrared simulator 10 GOS in a training simulator of a combat weapon.

As an infrared simulator 10 GOS in a training simulator of a combat weapon, a GOS simulator described in patent No. 94323 according to class. F41G 3/26, 2010 (developer of Tulatochmash JSC).

The 24-signal solid-state SSD drive, which is used as the DESMV-32GD09BW1DC board, provides permanent data storage in the combat weapon training simulator and expands the functionality of the single-board computer 23 in terms of increasing the performance of the operating system, the amount of external memory and provides a high speed of reading and writing information .

The implementation of the target capture function during the operation of a training simulator of a combat weapon in the synthesized background-target environment mode is carried out in a single-board computer 23 with the additional use of a virtual target spatial orientation system 20 and the longitudinal axis of the launch tube simulator 1. As a system 20, a small-sized accelerometer module 21 and an electronic compass module 22 are used, analog signals from which are digitized by analog-to-digital converters in the microcontroller 26 and then through a matching device 27 enter the single-board computer 23 for further processing. If within the aiming front sight 2 and rear sight 3 the spatial coordinates of the synthesized target in azimuth, elevation and angular velocity, set programmatically in a single-board computer 23 with the corresponding coordinates of the longitudinal axis of the simulator 1 of the launch tube, a target "capture" signal is generated. In this case, the moment of turning the “Nakol” handle on the simulator 15 NIP to the on position is taken as the origin of coordinates and reference.

The operation of the training simulator of a combat weapon is carried out in the following main modes of performing tasks:

- using a synthesized phono-target environment;

- on a real background for synthesized targets;

- according to DPIS or real targets (with or without standard means of target designation);

- with NRZ or without NRZ;

- offline during tactical exercises or self-study.

The operation of a training simulator of a combat weapon in the modes of a synthesized background-target environment and on a real background against synthesized targets is carried out using the display module 6 with the image of the front sight 2 superimposed on its image.

The choice of these modes of operation and training tasks is carried out programmatically in the instructor's console by transferring this information to the single-board computer 23 of the training simulator of the combat weapon via the command radio line through the transceiver 13 or directly via the cable connected to the connector 28 of the simulator 17 of the trigger mechanism.

After selecting the mode and training task, the operator, at the instruction of the instructor, prepares the training simulator of the combat weapon for combat work: docks the simulator 17 of the launcher to the simulator 1 of the launch tube, installs and connects the display module 6 to the simulator 1 of the launch tube, with an additional toggle switch installed behind the simulator 9 anti-aircraft missile, turns on the on-board power and takes a training simulator of a combat weapon on his shoulder.

When a target appears on the screen of the display module 6, the operator determines its type, selects the operation mode "in pursuit" or "towards", the type of launch "manual" or "automatic". After that, it activates the NIP simulator 15 by sharply turning the “Nakol” lever on the launch tube simulator 1 to the stop, while the corresponding sound signal enters the sound emitter 19 from the single-board computer 23 through the matching device 27.

Next, the operator aims and when the target enters the field of view of the sighting front sight superimposed on the image of the display module 6, and the rear sight 3, in the single-board computer 23, light and sound signals are generated about the capture of the target, which are received respectively by the light indicator 4 and the sound emitter 19. If the light and the target acquisition audio signals have not disappeared, the operator moves the trigger on block 18 from its original position to the stop (automatic mode) or to the middle position (manual mode), and then to the stop. Approximately 0.8 ... 1 sec after pressing the trigger all the way, a simulated launch and descent of the rocket occurs. If, in this case, all the actions of the operator were performed correctly, then the signal for prohibiting the launch, removed from the trigger of block 18, in the matching device 27 generates a signal to undermine the light-sound squib in the glass And (provided it is installed in the glass And), which corresponds to the moment the rocket descends . In this case, the display module 6 observes the flight of the rocket and the defeat of the target.

When training in other modes, the display module 6 is removed from the launch tube simulator 1.

When training an operator in a real area using DPIS with an infrared emitter, information about target acquisition enters the single-board computer 23 both from the video capture board 25 and from the infrared simulator 10 of the GOS. Such redundancy increases the noise immunity of the combat weapon training simulator when working on small targets and provides a more reliable and stable target acquisition.

When training an operator on real targets of large sizes and at long ranges in real conditions, as well as during tactical exercises, the control of the operator's actions in preparing for combat work, aiming, capturing a target, tracking it and a simulated missile launch is carried out only using a video camera 16.

When practicing combat actions with standard target designation tools or during tactical exercises, for example, when repelling an air attack and protecting "protected" objects, the training simulator of a combat weapon is carried out offline, in which target designation information is sent to the operator via a radio channel on a tablet attached to the operator during these classes or exercises. In this case, information about the coordinates of the operator's standing point is determined using the navigation receiver 14 and transmitted to the command post via a radio channel through the transceiver 13.

In all modes, in the process of working out the actions of combat work, the operator, based on the conditions for performing the task set by the instructor or obtained autonomously, performs operations to assess the type of target, to determine the interference, belonging "friend" - "alien", to search for, capture, track the target , carrying out the launch, while setting the controls on the simulator 1 of the launch tube, the block 18 of the starting devices, the simulator 7 of the NRZ and the simulator of the coding block 8 in the appropriate positions. All the specified information is stored in the SSD-drive 24 and, upon request, the instructor can be transmitted via radio channel via the transceiver 13 to the instructor's console for monitoring and evaluating all actions and operations performed by the operator. This information can be output to a printer connected to connector 28 "External network" of the simulator 17 of the trigger.

Regardless of the methods of formation of the background-target environment, the actions of the operator in all modes are similar to those described.

In terms of appearance, weight and size characteristics, controls, and actions performed on it, the proposed training simulator of the combat weapon completely repeats and corresponds to the regular combat weapon.

Compared to the known ones, the proposed combat weapon simulator has wide functional and methodological capabilities for training and training operators of various types of MANPADS in service with the RF Ministry of Defense, while ensuring high-quality and objective control over the actions of the operator in all modes of training and training.

The proposed training simulator of a combat weapon is a universal tool in terms of its technical, functional and methodological capabilities for comprehensive and high-quality training of operators of modern MANPADS.

Claims (3)

1. A training simulator of a combat weapon, containing a launch tube simulator with an anti-aircraft missile simulator installed inside it, made in the form of a hollow pipe, in the front part of which an infrared homing head simulator is installed, and in the rear part - an on-board battery, a transceiver and a glass with an electrical contact for installation there is a squib in it, on the front and rear posts of the mechanical sight of the launch tube simulator, there are, respectively, a front sight and a rear sight with light indicators of target capture and interference, as well as a bracket for fixing the display module on it, made with the possibility of its repeated removal and installation, from above in the front part launch tube simulator, a connector is installed for docking the ground-based radio interrogator simulator with the coding unit simulator docked to it; kovo devices, a sound emitter and a system of spatial orientation of a training simulator of a combat weapon as part of an accelerometer module and an electronic compass module, while the longitudinal axes of the video camera and the infrared homing head simulator are aligned with each other and with the aiming axis of the launch tube simulator, characterized in that the trigger simulator a single-board computer and an SSD-storage of signals connected to it, a video capture board, a microcontroller and a matching device were introduced, to the inputs / outputs of which are connected: a ground-based radio interrogator simulator, an infrared homing head simulator, an electrical contact of a squib cartridge, a video camera, a block of starting devices, a sound emitter, a microcontroller, the transceiver and light indicators of target acquisition and interference, the outputs of the accelerometer module and the electronic compass module of the spatial orientation system of the combat weapon simulator are connected to additional inputs of the microcontroller, while the video output is one board computer is connected to the video input of the display module. 2. A training simulator of a combat weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that a navigation receiver is additionally installed in the rear part of the simulator of an anti-aircraft missile, the output of which is connected to an additional input of a matching device. 3. A training simulator of a combat weapon according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional connector is installed at the bottom of the trigger simulator for recharging the on-board battery and connecting a single-board computer to an external Ethernet local area network.

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