RU78625U1 - CULTIVATOR STEAM MODULAR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A modular steam cultivator containing a frame was planted with working bodies, characterized in that the beds were made in the form of a four-linker, to the rear links of each pair of which a two-cylinder roller with a flat knife located under it along the entire length is attached. 2. The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs of the outer cylinder of the two-cylinder roller are arranged along a helical line with alternating alternation of a square section bar and a round link chain. The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cylinder of the two-cylinder roller is made of a single circle. The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat knives are mounted with the possibility of moving "up and down", "back and forth." The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent flat knives are installed with overlap. The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that on the sides of the frame are placed ⊥-shaped racks that can move up and down.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model belongs.

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely, to cultivators for continuous tillage.

State of the art

Known steam cultivator, consisting of a frame with support wheels, on which are mounted radial ridges with working bodies. Lancet paws are used as working bodies (Karpenko A.N., Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1989. P.54 ... 56).

Its disadvantage is the radial suspension of the working bodies to the frame. When the microrelief of the surface of the soil changes, the lancet paws are now on the toe and deepened on the heel and deepened, which leads to uneven depth of processing. In addition, lancet paws throw away the soil, forming grooves and a crested surface, which increases the evaporation of soil moisture.

The closest in technical essence is a modernized steam cultivator (Mazitov NK Machines of soil-water conservation agriculture. M: Rosselkhozizdat, 1987. - from 13 ... 15)

In this cultivator, not lancet legs, but wide-grip knives are attached to the radial ridges. Their use reduces traction resistance, improves the evenness of the soil surface.

However, increased variability in the depth of processing remains, since radial ridges are used. In addition, due to the lack of weed collection, wide-cut knives are often clogged with cut weeds. Due to the small angle of crushing of wide knives, the process of crushing of the soil is deteriorating.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is to stabilize the depth of processing, improve the process of crumbling lumps, increase the evenness of the soil surface.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the steam cultivator contains a frame, beds with working bodies, while beds are made in the form of four links, to the rear links of each pair of which a two-cylinder roller with a flat knife located under it along the entire length is attached.

The ribs of the outer cylinder of the two-cylinder roller are installed along a helical line and are made with alternating alternation of a square bar and a round link chain, and the inner roller is made of a single circle.

Flat knives are installed with the possibility of moving "up and down", "back and forth".

The adjacent flat knives are installed with overlap. On the sides of the frame are placed ⊥-shaped support posts that can move up and down

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 is a diagram of a steam modular cultivator, top view;

figure 2 is a diagram of a steam modular cultivator, side view;

figure 3 is a diagram of the interaction of a two-cylinder roller with lumps of soil, side view;

figure 4 is a diagram of the overlap of adjacent flat knives.

Utility Model Implementation

The modular steam cultivator includes a frame 1, on which four linkages are placed 2. Each four linker 2 includes front 3, top 4, lower 5 and rear 6 links interconnected by hinges 7. Bearing units 9 are attached to the rear links 6 of two adjacent four link links 9 two-cylinder roller 10.

The outer cylinder 11 has two vertical discs 12 interconnected by ribs 13, 14 uniformly spaced around the circumference, mounted along a helical line. Moreover, the ribs 13 of a square section alternate with the ribs 14 made of a round link chain.

In the center of the vertical discs 12 are placed bearing assemblies 9.

In the hollow space of the outer cylinder 11 is freely placed inner cylinder 15, made of a single circle.

On the outside of the plate 8, a special holder 16 is fixed, in one of the two grooves of which the rack 17 of the flat knife 18 is inserted. The flat knife 18, having a cutting angle α of up to 10 ... 12 °, is placed along the entire length of the roller, while adjacent flat knives installed with the overlap "P" formed by beveling the ends of the flat knives 18. Stands 17 of the flat knife can be moved in the holders 16 "up and down". Two four-link with a two-cylinder roller 10 and a flat knife 18 form a module. On the sides of the frame 1 are ⊥-shaped support posts 19.

The technological process performed by the cultivator steam modular, as follows.

In the process of moving the flat knives 18 are buried in the soil and are cutting weeds. The depth of stroke of the flat knife 18 is adjusted by moving its rack 17 "up and down" and is determined by the distance from the blade of the flat knife 18 to the ribs 13, 14 of the outer cylinder, taking into account its immersion in the soil. Lumps of soil are destroyed in two ways. First: part of the lumps I falls under the ribs 13 (or 14), they are pressed in and collapse, falling between the rib 13 and the flat knife 18. The ribs 13 and 14 are the active element, and the flat knife 18 is the opposing one.

Second: those lumps of soil II that pass between the ribs 13, 14 enter the inner space of the outer cylinder 11, where they fall under the action of the inner cylinder 15. Here, the active element is the inner cylinder 15, and the opposing elements are the ribs 13, 14.

Thus, there is an effective crumbling of lumps of soil and mulching of the surface.

In view of the fact that the ribs 13, 14 are installed along a helical line, the soil surface is leveled. Ribs 13, 14 intensively comb out weeds cut with a flat knife 18, excluding their survival. If there are stones on the field, the rack 17 of the flat knife 18 is inserted into the rear groove of the paired holder 16.

The four-link suspension of the two-cylinder roller 10 with a flat knife 18 provides stabilization of the depth of processing. In this case, the support wheels are generally excluded.

A leveled and mulched soil surface preserves soil moisture, thereby increasing crop yields.

After completion of the work, the steam cultivator modular is mounted on the ⊥-shaped support posts 19.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- high quality indicators are ensured: the degree of crushing of the soil, the evenness of the surface, the complete cutting of weeds, stabilization of the depth of processing;

- the use of flat knives instead of lancet paws makes it possible to reduce traction resistance and increase the operating speed of the unit by 20 ... 30%;

- simplicity of design, the exception of the support wheels, reliability;

- the modular layout of the working bodies allows in a simplified mode to change the width of the cultivator.

Claims (6)

1. A modular steam cultivator containing a frame was arranged with working bodies, characterized in that the beds were made in the form of a four-linker, to the rear links of each pair of which a two-cylinder roller with a flat knife located under it along the entire length is attached. 2. The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs of the outer cylinder of the two-cylinder roller are arranged along a helical line with alternating alternation of a square section bar and a round link chain. 3. The modular steam cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner cylinder of the two-cylinder roller is made of a single circle. 4. The steam cultivator modular according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat knives are mounted with the possibility of moving "up and down", "back and forth". 5. The steam cultivator modular according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent flat knives are installed with overlap. 6. The steam cultivator modular according to claim 1, characterized in that on the sides of the frame are placed ⊥-shaped racks that can move up and down.